Finish refactoring of DomCodeToUsLayoutKeyboardCode().
[chromium-blink-merge.git] / third_party / libxml / src / triostr.c
blob123bbebee24a843f30167b7b331cb26bc5254deb
1 /*************************************************************************
3 * $Id$
5 * Copyright (C) 2001 Bjorn Reese and Daniel Stenberg.
7 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
8 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
9 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
11 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
12 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
13 * MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE AUTHORS AND
14 * CONTRIBUTORS ACCEPT NO RESPONSIBILITY IN ANY CONCEIVABLE MANNER.
16 ************************************************************************/
18 /*************************************************************************
19 * Include files
22 #include <assert.h>
23 #include <stdlib.h>
24 #include <string.h>
25 #include <ctype.h>
26 #include <math.h>
27 #include "triodef.h"
28 #include "triostr.h"
30 /*************************************************************************
31 * Definitions
34 #if !defined(TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC)
35 # define TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC TRIO_PUBLIC
36 #endif
37 #if !defined(TRIO_STRING_PRIVATE)
38 # define TRIO_STRING_PRIVATE TRIO_PRIVATE
39 #endif
41 #if !defined(NULL)
42 # define NULL 0
43 #endif
44 #if !defined(NIL)
45 # define NIL ((char)0)
46 #endif
47 #if !defined(FALSE)
48 # define FALSE (1 == 0)
49 # define TRUE (! FALSE)
50 #endif
51 #if !defined(BOOLEAN_T)
52 # define BOOLEAN_T int
53 #endif
55 #ifdef __VMS
56 # define USE_STRTOD
57 #elif defined(TRIO_COMPILER_SUPPORTS_C99)
58 # define USE_STRTOD
59 # define USE_STRTOF
60 #elif defined(TRIO_COMPILER_MSVC)
61 # define USE_STRTOD
62 #endif
64 #if defined(TRIO_PLATFORM_UNIX)
65 # define USE_STRCASECMP
66 # define USE_STRNCASECMP
67 # if defined(TRIO_PLATFORM_SUNOS)
68 # define USE_SYS_ERRLIST
69 # else
70 # define USE_STRERROR
71 # endif
72 # if defined(TRIO_PLATFORM_QNX)
73 # define strcasecmp(x,y) stricmp(x,y)
74 # define strncasecmp(x,y,n) strnicmp(x,y,n)
75 # endif
76 #elif defined(TRIO_PLATFORM_WIN32)
77 # define USE_STRCASECMP
78 # if defined(_WIN32_WCE)
79 # define strcasecmp(x,y) _stricmp(x,y)
80 # else
81 # define strcasecmp(x,y) strcmpi(x,y)
82 # endif
83 #elif defined(TRIO_PLATFORM_OS400)
84 # define USE_STRCASECMP
85 # define USE_STRNCASECMP
86 # include <strings.h>
87 #endif
89 #if !(defined(TRIO_PLATFORM_SUNOS))
90 # define USE_TOLOWER
91 # define USE_TOUPPER
92 #endif
94 /*************************************************************************
95 * Structures
98 struct _trio_string_t
100 char *content;
101 size_t length;
102 size_t allocated;
105 /*************************************************************************
106 * Constants
109 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
110 static TRIO_CONST char rcsid[] = "@(#)$Id$";
111 #endif
113 /*************************************************************************
114 * Static String Functions
117 #if defined(TRIO_DOCUMENTATION)
118 # include "doc/doc_static.h"
119 #endif
120 /** @addtogroup StaticStrings
125 Create new string.
127 @param size Size of new string.
128 @return Pointer to string, or NULL if allocation failed.
130 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
131 trio_create
132 TRIO_ARGS1((size),
133 size_t size)
135 return (char *)TRIO_MALLOC(size);
140 Destroy string.
142 @param string String to be freed.
144 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC void
145 trio_destroy
146 TRIO_ARGS1((string),
147 char *string)
149 if (string)
151 TRIO_FREE(string);
157 Count the number of characters in a string.
159 @param string String to measure.
160 @return Number of characters in @string.
162 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC size_t
163 trio_length
164 TRIO_ARGS1((string),
165 TRIO_CONST char *string)
167 return strlen(string);
171 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
173 Append @p source at the end of @p target.
175 @param target Target string.
176 @param source Source string.
177 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
179 @pre @p target must point to a memory chunk with sufficient room to
180 contain the @p target string and @p source string.
181 @pre No boundary checking is performed, so insufficient memory will
182 result in a buffer overrun.
183 @post @p target will be zero terminated.
185 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
186 trio_append
187 TRIO_ARGS2((target, source),
188 char *target,
189 TRIO_CONST char *source)
191 assert(target);
192 assert(source);
194 return (strcat(target, source) != NULL);
196 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
198 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
200 Append at most @p max characters from @p source to @p target.
202 @param target Target string.
203 @param max Maximum number of characters to append.
204 @param source Source string.
205 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
207 @pre @p target must point to a memory chuck with sufficient room to
208 contain the @p target string and the @p source string (at most @p max
209 characters).
210 @pre No boundary checking is performed, so insufficient memory will
211 result in a buffer overrun.
212 @post @p target will be zero terminated.
214 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
215 trio_append_max
216 TRIO_ARGS3((target, max, source),
217 char *target,
218 size_t max,
219 TRIO_CONST char *source)
221 size_t length;
223 assert(target);
224 assert(source);
226 length = trio_length(target);
228 if (max > length)
230 strncat(target, source, max - length - 1);
232 return TRUE;
234 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
237 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
239 Determine if a string contains a substring.
241 @param string String to be searched.
242 @param substring String to be found.
243 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
245 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
246 trio_contains
247 TRIO_ARGS2((string, substring),
248 TRIO_CONST char *string,
249 TRIO_CONST char *substring)
251 assert(string);
252 assert(substring);
254 return (0 != strstr(string, substring));
256 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
259 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
261 Copy @p source to @p target.
263 @param target Target string.
264 @param source Source string.
265 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
267 @pre @p target must point to a memory chunk with sufficient room to
268 contain the @p source string.
269 @pre No boundary checking is performed, so insufficient memory will
270 result in a buffer overrun.
271 @post @p target will be zero terminated.
273 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
274 trio_copy
275 TRIO_ARGS2((target, source),
276 char *target,
277 TRIO_CONST char *source)
279 assert(target);
280 assert(source);
282 (void)strcpy(target, source);
283 return TRUE;
285 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
289 Copy at most @p max characters from @p source to @p target.
291 @param target Target string.
292 @param max Maximum number of characters to append.
293 @param source Source string.
294 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
296 @pre @p target must point to a memory chunk with sufficient room to
297 contain the @p source string (at most @p max characters).
298 @pre No boundary checking is performed, so insufficient memory will
299 result in a buffer overrun.
300 @post @p target will be zero terminated.
302 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
303 trio_copy_max
304 TRIO_ARGS3((target, max, source),
305 char *target,
306 size_t max,
307 TRIO_CONST char *source)
309 assert(target);
310 assert(source);
311 assert(max > 0); /* Includes != 0 */
313 (void)strncpy(target, source, max - 1);
314 target[max - 1] = (char)0;
315 return TRUE;
320 * TrioDuplicateMax
322 TRIO_STRING_PRIVATE char *
323 TrioDuplicateMax
324 TRIO_ARGS2((source, size),
325 TRIO_CONST char *source,
326 size_t size)
328 char *target;
330 assert(source);
332 /* Make room for string plus a terminating zero */
333 size++;
334 target = trio_create(size);
335 if (target)
337 trio_copy_max(target, size, source);
339 return target;
344 Duplicate @p source.
346 @param source Source string.
347 @return A copy of the @p source string.
349 @post @p target will be zero terminated.
351 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
352 trio_duplicate
353 TRIO_ARGS1((source),
354 TRIO_CONST char *source)
356 return TrioDuplicateMax(source, trio_length(source));
360 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
362 Duplicate at most @p max characters of @p source.
364 @param source Source string.
365 @param max Maximum number of characters to duplicate.
366 @return A copy of the @p source string.
368 @post @p target will be zero terminated.
370 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
371 trio_duplicate_max TRIO_ARGS2((source, max),
372 TRIO_CONST char *source,
373 size_t max)
375 size_t length;
377 assert(source);
378 assert(max > 0);
380 length = trio_length(source);
381 if (length > max)
383 length = max;
385 return TrioDuplicateMax(source, length);
387 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
391 Compare if two strings are equal.
393 @param first First string.
394 @param second Second string.
395 @return Boolean indicating whether the two strings are equal or not.
397 Case-insensitive comparison.
399 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
400 trio_equal
401 TRIO_ARGS2((first, second),
402 TRIO_CONST char *first,
403 TRIO_CONST char *second)
405 assert(first);
406 assert(second);
408 if ((first != NULL) && (second != NULL))
410 #if defined(USE_STRCASECMP)
411 return (0 == strcasecmp(first, second));
412 #else
413 while ((*first != NIL) && (*second != NIL))
415 if (trio_to_upper(*first) != trio_to_upper(*second))
417 break;
419 first++;
420 second++;
422 return ((*first == NIL) && (*second == NIL));
423 #endif
425 return FALSE;
430 Compare if two strings are equal.
432 @param first First string.
433 @param second Second string.
434 @return Boolean indicating whether the two strings are equal or not.
436 Case-sensitive comparison.
438 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
439 trio_equal_case
440 TRIO_ARGS2((first, second),
441 TRIO_CONST char *first,
442 TRIO_CONST char *second)
444 assert(first);
445 assert(second);
447 if ((first != NULL) && (second != NULL))
449 return (0 == strcmp(first, second));
451 return FALSE;
455 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
457 Compare if two strings up until the first @p max characters are equal.
459 @param first First string.
460 @param max Maximum number of characters to compare.
461 @param second Second string.
462 @return Boolean indicating whether the two strings are equal or not.
464 Case-sensitive comparison.
466 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
467 trio_equal_case_max
468 TRIO_ARGS3((first, max, second),
469 TRIO_CONST char *first,
470 size_t max,
471 TRIO_CONST char *second)
473 assert(first);
474 assert(second);
476 if ((first != NULL) && (second != NULL))
478 return (0 == strncmp(first, second, max));
480 return FALSE;
482 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
486 Compare if two strings are equal.
488 @param first First string.
489 @param second Second string.
490 @return Boolean indicating whether the two strings are equal or not.
492 Collating characters are considered equal.
494 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
495 trio_equal_locale
496 TRIO_ARGS2((first, second),
497 TRIO_CONST char *first,
498 TRIO_CONST char *second)
500 assert(first);
501 assert(second);
503 #if defined(LC_COLLATE)
504 return (strcoll(first, second) == 0);
505 #else
506 return trio_equal(first, second);
507 #endif
512 Compare if two strings up until the first @p max characters are equal.
514 @param first First string.
515 @param max Maximum number of characters to compare.
516 @param second Second string.
517 @return Boolean indicating whether the two strings are equal or not.
519 Case-insensitive comparison.
521 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
522 trio_equal_max
523 TRIO_ARGS3((first, max, second),
524 TRIO_CONST char *first,
525 size_t max,
526 TRIO_CONST char *second)
528 assert(first);
529 assert(second);
531 if ((first != NULL) && (second != NULL))
533 #if defined(USE_STRNCASECMP)
534 return (0 == strncasecmp(first, second, max));
535 #else
536 /* Not adequately tested yet */
537 size_t cnt = 0;
538 while ((*first != NIL) && (*second != NIL) && (cnt <= max))
540 if (trio_to_upper(*first) != trio_to_upper(*second))
542 break;
544 first++;
545 second++;
546 cnt++;
548 return ((cnt == max) || ((*first == NIL) && (*second == NIL)));
549 #endif
551 return FALSE;
556 Provide a textual description of an error code (errno).
558 @param error_number Error number.
559 @return Textual description of @p error_number.
561 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC TRIO_CONST char *
562 trio_error
563 TRIO_ARGS1((error_number),
564 int error_number)
566 #if defined(USE_STRERROR)
568 return strerror(error_number);
570 #elif defined(USE_SYS_ERRLIST)
572 extern char *sys_errlist[];
573 extern int sys_nerr;
575 return ((error_number < 0) || (error_number >= sys_nerr))
576 ? "unknown"
577 : sys_errlist[error_number];
579 #else
581 return "unknown";
583 #endif
587 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
589 Format the date/time according to @p format.
591 @param target Target string.
592 @param max Maximum number of characters to format.
593 @param format Formatting string.
594 @param datetime Date/time structure.
595 @return Number of formatted characters.
597 The formatting string accepts the same specifiers as the standard C
598 function strftime.
600 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC size_t
601 trio_format_date_max
602 TRIO_ARGS4((target, max, format, datetime),
603 char *target,
604 size_t max,
605 TRIO_CONST char *format,
606 TRIO_CONST struct tm *datetime)
608 assert(target);
609 assert(format);
610 assert(datetime);
611 assert(max > 0);
613 return strftime(target, max, format, datetime);
615 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
618 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
620 Calculate a hash value for a string.
622 @param string String to be calculated on.
623 @param type Hash function.
624 @return Calculated hash value.
626 @p type can be one of the following
627 @li @c TRIO_HASH_PLAIN Plain hash function.
629 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC unsigned long
630 trio_hash
631 TRIO_ARGS2((string, type),
632 TRIO_CONST char *string,
633 int type)
635 unsigned long value = 0L;
636 char ch;
638 assert(string);
640 switch (type)
642 case TRIO_HASH_PLAIN:
643 while ( (ch = *string++) != NIL )
645 value *= 31;
646 value += (unsigned long)ch;
648 break;
649 default:
650 assert(FALSE);
651 break;
653 return value;
655 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
658 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
660 Find first occurrence of a character in a string.
662 @param string String to be searched.
663 @param character Character to be found.
664 @param A pointer to the found character, or NULL if character was not found.
666 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
667 trio_index
668 TRIO_ARGS2((string, character),
669 TRIO_CONST char *string,
670 int character)
672 assert(string);
674 return strchr(string, character);
676 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
679 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
681 Find last occurrence of a character in a string.
683 @param string String to be searched.
684 @param character Character to be found.
685 @param A pointer to the found character, or NULL if character was not found.
687 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
688 trio_index_last
689 TRIO_ARGS2((string, character),
690 TRIO_CONST char *string,
691 int character)
693 assert(string);
695 return strchr(string, character);
697 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
700 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
702 Convert the alphabetic letters in the string to lower-case.
704 @param target String to be converted.
705 @return Number of processed characters (converted or not).
707 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
708 trio_lower
709 TRIO_ARGS1((target),
710 char *target)
712 assert(target);
714 return trio_span_function(target, target, trio_to_lower);
716 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
719 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
721 Compare two strings using wildcards.
723 @param string String to be searched.
724 @param pattern Pattern, including wildcards, to search for.
725 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
727 Case-insensitive comparison.
729 The following wildcards can be used
730 @li @c * Match any number of characters.
731 @li @c ? Match a single character.
733 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
734 trio_match
735 TRIO_ARGS2((string, pattern),
736 TRIO_CONST char *string,
737 TRIO_CONST char *pattern)
739 assert(string);
740 assert(pattern);
742 for (; ('*' != *pattern); ++pattern, ++string)
744 if (NIL == *string)
746 return (NIL == *pattern);
748 if ((trio_to_upper((int)*string) != trio_to_upper((int)*pattern))
749 && ('?' != *pattern))
751 return FALSE;
754 /* two-line patch to prevent *too* much recursiveness: */
755 while ('*' == pattern[1])
756 pattern++;
760 if ( trio_match(string, &pattern[1]) )
762 return TRUE;
765 while (*string++);
767 return FALSE;
769 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
772 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
774 Compare two strings using wildcards.
776 @param string String to be searched.
777 @param pattern Pattern, including wildcards, to search for.
778 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
780 Case-sensitive comparison.
782 The following wildcards can be used
783 @li @c * Match any number of characters.
784 @li @c ? Match a single character.
786 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
787 trio_match_case
788 TRIO_ARGS2((string, pattern),
789 TRIO_CONST char *string,
790 TRIO_CONST char *pattern)
792 assert(string);
793 assert(pattern);
795 for (; ('*' != *pattern); ++pattern, ++string)
797 if (NIL == *string)
799 return (NIL == *pattern);
801 if ((*string != *pattern)
802 && ('?' != *pattern))
804 return FALSE;
807 /* two-line patch to prevent *too* much recursiveness: */
808 while ('*' == pattern[1])
809 pattern++;
813 if ( trio_match_case(string, &pattern[1]) )
815 return TRUE;
818 while (*string++);
820 return FALSE;
822 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
825 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
827 Execute a function on each character in string.
829 @param target Target string.
830 @param source Source string.
831 @param Function Function to be executed.
832 @return Number of processed characters.
834 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC size_t
835 trio_span_function
836 TRIO_ARGS3((target, source, Function),
837 char *target,
838 TRIO_CONST char *source,
839 int (*Function) TRIO_PROTO((int)))
841 size_t count = 0;
843 assert(target);
844 assert(source);
845 assert(Function);
847 while (*source != NIL)
849 *target++ = Function(*source++);
850 count++;
852 return count;
854 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
857 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
859 Search for a substring in a string.
861 @param string String to be searched.
862 @param substring String to be found.
863 @return Pointer to first occurrence of @p substring in @p string, or NULL
864 if no match was found.
866 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
867 trio_substring
868 TRIO_ARGS2((string, substring),
869 TRIO_CONST char *string,
870 TRIO_CONST char *substring)
872 assert(string);
873 assert(substring);
875 return strstr(string, substring);
877 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
880 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
882 Search for a substring in the first @p max characters of a string.
884 @param string String to be searched.
885 @param max Maximum characters to be searched.
886 @param substring String to be found.
887 @return Pointer to first occurrence of @p substring in @p string, or NULL
888 if no match was found.
890 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
891 trio_substring_max
892 TRIO_ARGS3((string, max, substring),
893 TRIO_CONST char *string,
894 size_t max,
895 TRIO_CONST char *substring)
897 size_t count;
898 size_t size;
899 char *result = NULL;
901 assert(string);
902 assert(substring);
904 size = trio_length(substring);
905 if (size <= max)
907 for (count = 0; count <= max - size; count++)
909 if (trio_equal_max(substring, size, &string[count]))
911 result = (char *)&string[count];
912 break;
916 return result;
918 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
921 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
923 Tokenize string.
925 @param string String to be tokenized.
926 @param tokens String containing list of delimiting characters.
927 @return Start of new token.
929 @warning @p string will be destroyed.
931 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
932 trio_tokenize
933 TRIO_ARGS2((string, delimiters),
934 char *string,
935 TRIO_CONST char *delimiters)
937 assert(delimiters);
939 return strtok(string, delimiters);
941 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
945 Convert string to floating-point number.
947 @param source String to be converted.
948 @param endp Pointer to end of the converted string.
949 @return A floating-point number.
951 The following Extended Backus-Naur form is used
952 @verbatim
953 double ::= [ <sign> ]
954 ( <number> |
955 <number> <decimal_point> <number> |
956 <decimal_point> <number> )
957 [ <exponential> [ <sign> ] <number> ]
958 number ::= 1*( <digit> )
959 digit ::= ( '0' | '1' | '2' | '3' | '4' | '5' | '6' | '7' | '8' | '9' )
960 exponential ::= ( 'e' | 'E' )
961 sign ::= ( '-' | '+' )
962 decimal_point ::= '.'
963 @endverbatim
965 /* FIXME: Add EBNF for hex-floats */
966 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC trio_long_double_t
967 trio_to_long_double
968 TRIO_ARGS2((source, endp),
969 TRIO_CONST char *source,
970 char **endp)
972 #if defined(USE_STRTOLD)
973 return strtold(source, endp);
974 #else
975 int isNegative = FALSE;
976 int isExponentNegative = FALSE;
977 trio_long_double_t integer = 0.0;
978 trio_long_double_t fraction = 0.0;
979 unsigned long exponent = 0;
980 trio_long_double_t base;
981 trio_long_double_t fracdiv = 1.0;
982 trio_long_double_t value = 0.0;
984 /* First try hex-floats */
985 if ((source[0] == '0') && ((source[1] == 'x') || (source[1] == 'X')))
987 base = 16.0;
988 source += 2;
989 while (isxdigit((int)*source))
991 integer *= base;
992 integer += (isdigit((int)*source)
993 ? (*source - '0')
994 : 10 + (trio_to_upper((int)*source) - 'A'));
995 source++;
997 if (*source == '.')
999 source++;
1000 while (isxdigit((int)*source))
1002 fracdiv /= base;
1003 fraction += fracdiv * (isdigit((int)*source)
1004 ? (*source - '0')
1005 : 10 + (trio_to_upper((int)*source) - 'A'));
1006 source++;
1008 if ((*source == 'p') || (*source == 'P'))
1010 source++;
1011 if ((*source == '+') || (*source == '-'))
1013 isExponentNegative = (*source == '-');
1014 source++;
1016 while (isdigit((int)*source))
1018 exponent *= 10;
1019 exponent += (*source - '0');
1020 source++;
1024 /* For later use with exponent */
1025 base = 2.0;
1027 else /* Then try normal decimal floats */
1029 base = 10.0;
1030 isNegative = (*source == '-');
1031 /* Skip sign */
1032 if ((*source == '+') || (*source == '-'))
1033 source++;
1035 /* Integer part */
1036 while (isdigit((int)*source))
1038 integer *= base;
1039 integer += (*source - '0');
1040 source++;
1043 if (*source == '.')
1045 source++; /* skip decimal point */
1046 while (isdigit((int)*source))
1048 fracdiv /= base;
1049 fraction += (*source - '0') * fracdiv;
1050 source++;
1053 if ((*source == 'e')
1054 || (*source == 'E')
1055 #if TRIO_MICROSOFT
1056 || (*source == 'd')
1057 || (*source == 'D')
1058 #endif
1061 source++; /* Skip exponential indicator */
1062 isExponentNegative = (*source == '-');
1063 if ((*source == '+') || (*source == '-'))
1064 source++;
1065 while (isdigit((int)*source))
1067 exponent *= (int)base;
1068 exponent += (*source - '0');
1069 source++;
1074 value = integer + fraction;
1075 if (exponent != 0)
1077 if (isExponentNegative)
1078 value /= pow(base, (double)exponent);
1079 else
1080 value *= pow(base, (double)exponent);
1082 if (isNegative)
1083 value = -value;
1085 if (endp)
1086 *endp = (char *)source;
1087 return value;
1088 #endif
1093 Convert string to floating-point number.
1095 @param source String to be converted.
1096 @param endp Pointer to end of the converted string.
1097 @return A floating-point number.
1099 See @ref trio_to_long_double.
1101 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC double
1102 trio_to_double
1103 TRIO_ARGS2((source, endp),
1104 TRIO_CONST char *source,
1105 char **endp)
1107 #if defined(USE_STRTOD)
1108 return strtod(source, endp);
1109 #else
1110 return (double)trio_to_long_double(source, endp);
1111 #endif
1114 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1116 Convert string to floating-point number.
1118 @param source String to be converted.
1119 @param endp Pointer to end of the converted string.
1120 @return A floating-point number.
1122 See @ref trio_to_long_double.
1124 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC float
1125 trio_to_float
1126 TRIO_ARGS2((source, endp),
1127 TRIO_CONST char *source,
1128 char **endp)
1130 #if defined(USE_STRTOF)
1131 return strtof(source, endp);
1132 #else
1133 return (float)trio_to_long_double(source, endp);
1134 #endif
1136 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1140 Convert string to signed integer.
1142 @param string String to be converted.
1143 @param endp Pointer to end of converted string.
1144 @param base Radix number of number.
1146 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC long
1147 trio_to_long
1148 TRIO_ARGS3((string, endp, base),
1149 TRIO_CONST char *string,
1150 char **endp,
1151 int base)
1153 assert(string);
1154 assert((base >= 2) && (base <= 36));
1156 return strtol(string, endp, base);
1160 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1162 Convert one alphabetic letter to lower-case.
1164 @param source The letter to be converted.
1165 @return The converted letter.
1167 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1168 trio_to_lower
1169 TRIO_ARGS1((source),
1170 int source)
1172 #if defined(USE_TOLOWER)
1174 return tolower(source);
1176 #else
1178 /* Does not handle locales or non-contiguous alphabetic characters */
1179 return ((source >= (int)'A') && (source <= (int)'Z'))
1180 ? source - 'A' + 'a'
1181 : source;
1183 #endif
1185 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1187 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1189 Convert string to unsigned integer.
1191 @param string String to be converted.
1192 @param endp Pointer to end of converted string.
1193 @param base Radix number of number.
1195 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC unsigned long
1196 trio_to_unsigned_long
1197 TRIO_ARGS3((string, endp, base),
1198 TRIO_CONST char *string,
1199 char **endp,
1200 int base)
1202 assert(string);
1203 assert((base >= 2) && (base <= 36));
1205 return strtoul(string, endp, base);
1207 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1211 Convert one alphabetic letter to upper-case.
1213 @param source The letter to be converted.
1214 @return The converted letter.
1216 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1217 trio_to_upper
1218 TRIO_ARGS1((source),
1219 int source)
1221 #if defined(USE_TOUPPER)
1223 return toupper(source);
1225 #else
1227 /* Does not handle locales or non-contiguous alphabetic characters */
1228 return ((source >= (int)'a') && (source <= (int)'z'))
1229 ? source - 'a' + 'A'
1230 : source;
1232 #endif
1235 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1237 Convert the alphabetic letters in the string to upper-case.
1239 @param target The string to be converted.
1240 @return The number of processed characters (converted or not).
1242 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1243 trio_upper
1244 TRIO_ARGS1((target),
1245 char *target)
1247 assert(target);
1249 return trio_span_function(target, target, trio_to_upper);
1251 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1254 /** @} End of StaticStrings */
1257 /*************************************************************************
1258 * Dynamic String Functions
1261 #if defined(TRIO_DOCUMENTATION)
1262 # include "doc/doc_dynamic.h"
1263 #endif
1264 /** @addtogroup DynamicStrings
1269 * TrioStringAlloc
1271 TRIO_STRING_PRIVATE trio_string_t *
1272 TrioStringAlloc(TRIO_NOARGS)
1274 trio_string_t *self;
1276 self = (trio_string_t *)TRIO_MALLOC(sizeof(trio_string_t));
1277 if (self)
1279 self->content = NULL;
1280 self->length = 0;
1281 self->allocated = 0;
1283 return self;
1288 * TrioStringGrow
1290 * The size of the string will be increased by 'delta' characters. If
1291 * 'delta' is zero, the size will be doubled.
1293 TRIO_STRING_PRIVATE BOOLEAN_T
1294 TrioStringGrow
1295 TRIO_ARGS2((self, delta),
1296 trio_string_t *self,
1297 size_t delta)
1299 BOOLEAN_T status = FALSE;
1300 char *new_content;
1301 size_t new_size;
1303 new_size = (delta == 0)
1304 ? ( (self->allocated == 0) ? 1 : self->allocated * 2 )
1305 : self->allocated + delta;
1307 new_content = (char *)TRIO_REALLOC(self->content, new_size);
1308 if (new_content)
1310 self->content = new_content;
1311 self->allocated = new_size;
1312 status = TRUE;
1314 return status;
1318 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1320 * TrioStringGrowTo
1322 * The size of the string will be increased to 'length' plus one characters.
1323 * If 'length' is less than the original size, the original size will be
1324 * used (that is, the size of the string is never decreased).
1326 TRIO_STRING_PRIVATE BOOLEAN_T
1327 TrioStringGrowTo
1328 TRIO_ARGS2((self, length),
1329 trio_string_t *self,
1330 size_t length)
1332 length++; /* Room for terminating zero */
1333 return (self->allocated < length)
1334 ? TrioStringGrow(self, length - self->allocated)
1335 : TRUE;
1337 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1340 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1342 Create a new dynamic string.
1344 @param initial_size Initial size of the buffer.
1345 @return Newly allocated dynamic string, or NULL if memory allocation failed.
1347 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC trio_string_t *
1348 trio_string_create
1349 TRIO_ARGS1((initial_size),
1350 int initial_size)
1352 trio_string_t *self;
1354 self = TrioStringAlloc();
1355 if (self)
1357 if (TrioStringGrow(self,
1358 (size_t)((initial_size > 0) ? initial_size : 1)))
1360 self->content[0] = (char)0;
1361 self->allocated = initial_size;
1363 else
1365 trio_string_destroy(self);
1366 self = NULL;
1369 return self;
1371 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1375 Deallocate the dynamic string and its contents.
1377 @param self Dynamic string
1379 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC void
1380 trio_string_destroy
1381 TRIO_ARGS1((self),
1382 trio_string_t *self)
1384 assert(self);
1386 if (self)
1388 trio_destroy(self->content);
1389 TRIO_FREE(self);
1394 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1396 Get a pointer to the content.
1398 @param self Dynamic string.
1399 @param offset Offset into content.
1400 @return Pointer to the content.
1402 @p Offset can be zero, positive, or negative. If @p offset is zero,
1403 then the start of the content will be returned. If @p offset is positive,
1404 then a pointer to @p offset number of characters from the beginning of the
1405 content is returned. If @p offset is negative, then a pointer to @p offset
1406 number of characters from the ending of the string, starting at the
1407 terminating zero, is returned.
1409 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
1410 trio_string_get
1411 TRIO_ARGS2((self, offset),
1412 trio_string_t *self,
1413 int offset)
1415 char *result = NULL;
1417 assert(self);
1419 if (self->content != NULL)
1421 if (self->length == 0)
1423 (void)trio_string_length(self);
1425 if (offset >= 0)
1427 if (offset > (int)self->length)
1429 offset = self->length;
1432 else
1434 offset += self->length + 1;
1435 if (offset < 0)
1437 offset = 0;
1440 result = &(self->content[offset]);
1442 return result;
1444 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1448 Extract the content.
1450 @param self Dynamic String
1451 @return Content of dynamic string.
1453 The content is removed from the dynamic string. This enables destruction
1454 of the dynamic string without deallocation of the content.
1456 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
1457 trio_string_extract
1458 TRIO_ARGS1((self),
1459 trio_string_t *self)
1461 char *result;
1463 assert(self);
1465 result = self->content;
1466 /* FIXME: Allocate new empty buffer? */
1467 self->content = NULL;
1468 self->length = self->allocated = 0;
1469 return result;
1473 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1475 Set the content of the dynamic string.
1477 @param self Dynamic String
1478 @param buffer The new content.
1480 Sets the content of the dynamic string to a copy @p buffer.
1481 An existing content will be deallocated first, if necessary.
1483 @remark
1484 This function will make a copy of @p buffer.
1485 You are responsible for deallocating @p buffer yourself.
1487 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC void
1488 trio_xstring_set
1489 TRIO_ARGS2((self, buffer),
1490 trio_string_t *self,
1491 char *buffer)
1493 assert(self);
1495 trio_destroy(self->content);
1496 self->content = trio_duplicate(buffer);
1498 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1502 * trio_string_size
1504 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1505 trio_string_size
1506 TRIO_ARGS1((self),
1507 trio_string_t *self)
1509 assert(self);
1511 return self->allocated;
1516 * trio_string_terminate
1518 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC void
1519 trio_string_terminate
1520 TRIO_ARGS1((self),
1521 trio_string_t *self)
1523 trio_xstring_append_char(self, 0);
1527 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1529 Append the second string to the first.
1531 @param self Dynamic string to be modified.
1532 @param other Dynamic string to copy from.
1533 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
1535 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1536 trio_string_append
1537 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1538 trio_string_t *self,
1539 trio_string_t *other)
1541 size_t length;
1543 assert(self);
1544 assert(other);
1546 length = self->length + other->length;
1547 if (!TrioStringGrowTo(self, length))
1548 goto error;
1549 trio_copy(&self->content[self->length], other->content);
1550 self->length = length;
1551 return TRUE;
1553 error:
1554 return FALSE;
1556 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1559 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1561 * trio_xstring_append
1563 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1564 trio_xstring_append
1565 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1566 trio_string_t *self,
1567 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1569 size_t length;
1571 assert(self);
1572 assert(other);
1574 length = self->length + trio_length(other);
1575 if (!TrioStringGrowTo(self, length))
1576 goto error;
1577 trio_copy(&self->content[self->length], other);
1578 self->length = length;
1579 return TRUE;
1581 error:
1582 return FALSE;
1584 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1588 * trio_xstring_append_char
1590 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1591 trio_xstring_append_char
1592 TRIO_ARGS2((self, character),
1593 trio_string_t *self,
1594 char character)
1596 assert(self);
1598 if ((int)self->length >= trio_string_size(self))
1600 if (!TrioStringGrow(self, 0))
1601 goto error;
1603 self->content[self->length] = character;
1604 self->length++;
1605 return TRUE;
1607 error:
1608 return FALSE;
1612 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1614 Search for the first occurrence of second parameter in the first.
1616 @param self Dynamic string to be modified.
1617 @param other Dynamic string to copy from.
1618 @return Boolean value indicating success or failure.
1620 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1621 trio_string_contains
1622 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1623 trio_string_t *self,
1624 trio_string_t *other)
1626 assert(self);
1627 assert(other);
1629 return trio_contains(self->content, other->content);
1631 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1634 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1636 * trio_xstring_contains
1638 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1639 trio_xstring_contains
1640 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1641 trio_string_t *self,
1642 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1644 assert(self);
1645 assert(other);
1647 return trio_contains(self->content, other);
1649 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1652 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1654 * trio_string_copy
1656 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1657 trio_string_copy
1658 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1659 trio_string_t *self,
1660 trio_string_t *other)
1662 assert(self);
1663 assert(other);
1665 self->length = 0;
1666 return trio_string_append(self, other);
1668 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1671 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1673 * trio_xstring_copy
1675 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1676 trio_xstring_copy
1677 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1678 trio_string_t *self,
1679 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1681 assert(self);
1682 assert(other);
1684 self->length = 0;
1685 return trio_xstring_append(self, other);
1687 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1690 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1692 * trio_string_duplicate
1694 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC trio_string_t *
1695 trio_string_duplicate
1696 TRIO_ARGS1((other),
1697 trio_string_t *other)
1699 trio_string_t *self;
1701 assert(other);
1703 self = TrioStringAlloc();
1704 if (self)
1706 self->content = TrioDuplicateMax(other->content, other->length);
1707 if (self->content)
1709 self->length = other->length;
1710 self->allocated = self->length + 1;
1712 else
1714 self->length = self->allocated = 0;
1717 return self;
1719 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1723 * trio_xstring_duplicate
1725 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC trio_string_t *
1726 trio_xstring_duplicate
1727 TRIO_ARGS1((other),
1728 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1730 trio_string_t *self;
1732 assert(other);
1734 self = TrioStringAlloc();
1735 if (self)
1737 self->content = TrioDuplicateMax(other, trio_length(other));
1738 if (self->content)
1740 self->length = trio_length(self->content);
1741 self->allocated = self->length + 1;
1743 else
1745 self->length = self->allocated = 0;
1748 return self;
1752 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1754 * trio_string_equal
1756 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1757 trio_string_equal
1758 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1759 trio_string_t *self,
1760 trio_string_t *other)
1762 assert(self);
1763 assert(other);
1765 return trio_equal(self->content, other->content);
1767 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1770 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1772 * trio_xstring_equal
1774 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1775 trio_xstring_equal
1776 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1777 trio_string_t *self,
1778 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1780 assert(self);
1781 assert(other);
1783 return trio_equal(self->content, other);
1785 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1788 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1790 * trio_string_equal_max
1792 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1793 trio_string_equal_max
1794 TRIO_ARGS3((self, max, other),
1795 trio_string_t *self,
1796 size_t max,
1797 trio_string_t *other)
1799 assert(self);
1800 assert(other);
1802 return trio_equal_max(self->content, max, other->content);
1804 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1807 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1809 * trio_xstring_equal_max
1811 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1812 trio_xstring_equal_max
1813 TRIO_ARGS3((self, max, other),
1814 trio_string_t *self,
1815 size_t max,
1816 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1818 assert(self);
1819 assert(other);
1821 return trio_equal_max(self->content, max, other);
1823 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1826 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1828 * trio_string_equal_case
1830 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1831 trio_string_equal_case
1832 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1833 trio_string_t *self,
1834 trio_string_t *other)
1836 assert(self);
1837 assert(other);
1839 return trio_equal_case(self->content, other->content);
1841 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1844 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1846 * trio_xstring_equal_case
1848 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1849 trio_xstring_equal_case
1850 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1851 trio_string_t *self,
1852 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1854 assert(self);
1855 assert(other);
1857 return trio_equal_case(self->content, other);
1859 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1862 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1864 * trio_string_equal_case_max
1866 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1867 trio_string_equal_case_max
1868 TRIO_ARGS3((self, max, other),
1869 trio_string_t *self,
1870 size_t max,
1871 trio_string_t *other)
1873 assert(self);
1874 assert(other);
1876 return trio_equal_case_max(self->content, max, other->content);
1878 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1881 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1883 * trio_xstring_equal_case_max
1885 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1886 trio_xstring_equal_case_max
1887 TRIO_ARGS3((self, max, other),
1888 trio_string_t *self,
1889 size_t max,
1890 TRIO_CONST char *other)
1892 assert(self);
1893 assert(other);
1895 return trio_equal_case_max(self->content, max, other);
1897 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1900 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
1902 * trio_string_format_data_max
1904 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC size_t
1905 trio_string_format_date_max
1906 TRIO_ARGS4((self, max, format, datetime),
1907 trio_string_t *self,
1908 size_t max,
1909 TRIO_CONST char *format,
1910 TRIO_CONST struct tm *datetime)
1912 assert(self);
1914 return trio_format_date_max(self->content, max, format, datetime);
1916 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1919 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1921 * trio_string_index
1923 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
1924 trio_string_index
1925 TRIO_ARGS2((self, character),
1926 trio_string_t *self,
1927 int character)
1929 assert(self);
1931 return trio_index(self->content, character);
1933 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1936 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1938 * trio_string_index_last
1940 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
1941 trio_string_index_last
1942 TRIO_ARGS2((self, character),
1943 trio_string_t *self,
1944 int character)
1946 assert(self);
1948 return trio_index_last(self->content, character);
1950 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1953 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1955 * trio_string_length
1957 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1958 trio_string_length
1959 TRIO_ARGS1((self),
1960 trio_string_t *self)
1962 assert(self);
1964 if (self->length == 0)
1966 self->length = trio_length(self->content);
1968 return self->length;
1970 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1973 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1975 * trio_string_lower
1977 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1978 trio_string_lower
1979 TRIO_ARGS1((self),
1980 trio_string_t *self)
1982 assert(self);
1984 return trio_lower(self->content);
1986 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
1989 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
1991 * trio_string_match
1993 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
1994 trio_string_match
1995 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
1996 trio_string_t *self,
1997 trio_string_t *other)
1999 assert(self);
2000 assert(other);
2002 return trio_match(self->content, other->content);
2004 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
2007 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
2009 * trio_xstring_match
2011 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
2012 trio_xstring_match
2013 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
2014 trio_string_t *self,
2015 TRIO_CONST char *other)
2017 assert(self);
2018 assert(other);
2020 return trio_match(self->content, other);
2022 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
2025 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
2027 * trio_string_match_case
2029 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
2030 trio_string_match_case
2031 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
2032 trio_string_t *self,
2033 trio_string_t *other)
2035 assert(self);
2036 assert(other);
2038 return trio_match_case(self->content, other->content);
2040 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
2043 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
2045 * trio_xstring_match_case
2047 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
2048 trio_xstring_match_case
2049 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
2050 trio_string_t *self,
2051 TRIO_CONST char *other)
2053 assert(self);
2054 assert(other);
2056 return trio_match_case(self->content, other);
2058 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
2061 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
2063 * trio_string_substring
2065 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
2066 trio_string_substring
2067 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
2068 trio_string_t *self,
2069 trio_string_t *other)
2071 assert(self);
2072 assert(other);
2074 return trio_substring(self->content, other->content);
2076 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
2079 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
2081 * trio_xstring_substring
2083 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC char *
2084 trio_xstring_substring
2085 TRIO_ARGS2((self, other),
2086 trio_string_t *self,
2087 TRIO_CONST char *other)
2089 assert(self);
2090 assert(other);
2092 return trio_substring(self->content, other);
2094 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
2097 #if !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL)
2099 * trio_string_upper
2101 TRIO_STRING_PUBLIC int
2102 trio_string_upper
2103 TRIO_ARGS1((self),
2104 trio_string_t *self)
2106 assert(self);
2108 return trio_upper(self->content);
2110 #endif /* !defined(TRIO_MINIMAL) */
2112 /** @} End of DynamicStrings */