1 From: Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
2 Abstract: This is how-to documentation for people who want to add extension
3 commands to Git. It should be read alongside builtin.h.
4 Content-type: text/asciidoc
6 How to integrate new subcommands
7 ================================
9 This is how-to documentation for people who want to add extension
10 commands to Git. It should be read alongside builtin.h.
15 Git subcommands are standalone executables that live in the Git exec
16 path, normally /usr/lib/git-core. The git executable itself is a
17 thin wrapper that knows where the subcommands live, and runs them by
18 passing command-line arguments to them.
20 (If "git foo" is not found in the Git exec path, the wrapper
21 will look in the rest of your $PATH for it. Thus, it's possible
22 to write local Git extensions that don't live in system space.)
24 Implementation languages
25 ------------------------
27 Most subcommands are written in C or shell. A few are written in
30 While we strongly encourage coding in portable C for portability,
31 these specific scripting languages are also acceptable. We won't
32 accept more without a very strong technical case, as we don't want
33 to broaden the Git suite's required dependencies. Import utilities,
34 surgical tools, remote helpers and other code at the edges of the
35 Git suite are more lenient and we allow Python (and even Tcl/tk),
36 but they should not be used for core functions.
38 This may change in the future. Especially Python is not allowed in
39 core because we need better Python integration in the Git Windows
40 installer before we can be confident people in that environment
41 won't experience an unacceptably large loss of capability.
43 C commands are normally written as single modules, named after the
44 command, that link a collection of functions called libgit. Thus,
45 your command 'git-foo' would normally be implemented as a single
46 "git-foo.c" (or "builtin/foo.c" if it is to be linked to the main
47 binary); this organization makes it easy for people reading the code
50 See the CodingGuidelines document for other guidance on what we consider
51 good practice in C and shell, and api-builtin.txt for the support
52 functions available to built-in commands written in C.
54 What every extension command needs
55 ----------------------------------
57 You must have a man page, written in asciidoc (this is what Git help
58 followed by your subcommand name will display). Be aware that there is
59 a local asciidoc configuration and macros which you should use. It's
60 often helpful to start by cloning an existing page and replacing the
63 You must have a test, written to report in TAP (Test Anything Protocol).
64 Tests are executables (usually shell scripts) that live in the 't'
65 subdirectory of the tree. Each test name begins with 't' and a sequence
66 number that controls where in the test sequence it will be executed;
67 conventionally the rest of the name stem is that of the command
70 Read the file t/README to learn more about the conventions to be used
71 in writing tests, and the test support library.
76 Here are the things you need to do when you want to merge a new
77 subcommand into the Git tree.
79 1. Don't forget to sign off your patch!
81 2. Append your command name to one of the variables BUILTIN_OBJS,
82 EXTRA_PROGRAMS, SCRIPT_SH, SCRIPT_PERL or SCRIPT_PYTHON.
84 3. Drop its test in the t directory.
86 4. If your command is implemented in an interpreted language with a
87 p-code intermediate form, make sure .gitignore in the main directory
88 includes a pattern entry that ignores such files. Python .pyc and
89 .pyo files will already be covered.
91 5. If your command has any dependency on a particular version of
92 your language, document it in the INSTALL file.
94 6. There is a file command-list.txt in the distribution main directory
95 that categorizes commands by type, so they can be listed in appropriate
96 subsections in the documentation's summary command list. Add an entry
97 for yours. To understand the categories, look at command-list.txt
98 in the main directory. If the new command is part of the typical Git
99 workflow and you believe it common enough to be mentioned in 'git help',
100 map this command to a common group in the column [common].
102 7. Give the maintainer one paragraph to include in the RelNotes file
103 to describe the new feature; a good place to do so is in the cover
106 That's all there is to it.