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  59
  60 <h1>Filetypes</h1>
  61
  62 <p>Other than Windows, Haiku doesn't rely on the 3-letter file extension for a file type (e.g. .txt, .jpg, .mp3). This method is only a last resort fallback. Haiku uses <acronym title="Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions">MIME</acronym> types just like it's custom on the internet.</p>
  63 <div class="box-info">While there's no reason to use file extensions in Haiku, remember to add them to files you want to share with users of other operating systems, e.g. over email, uploading to a server or via exchange of an USB drive. Otherwise their system may not recognize the file type.</div>
  64
  65 <h2><a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
  66 <a id="specific-file" name="specific-file">Setting the filetype of a specific file</a></h2>
  67 <p>You can change the type of a specific file, its icon and the associated application. Select the file and invoke the <span class="menu">Add-Ons | Filetype add-on</span> from the right-click context menu.</p>
  68 <img src="images/filetypes-images/filetype-addon.png" alt="filetype-addon.png" />
  69
  70 <h3>
  71 <a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
  72 <a name="filetype" id="filetype">The File Type</a></h3>
  73 <p>The above is a PNG file, it's MIME string image/png. Let's say you definitely know that it's not a PNG but a GIF. You can change that either by entering the correct MIME string by hand or with one of the two buttons below the textbox:</p>
  74 <table summary="layout" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
  75 <tr><td><span class="button">Select...</span></td><td> </td><td>shows a hierarchical list of filetypes where you navigate to <tt>image | GIF Image</tt>.</td></tr>
  76 <tr><td><span class="button">Same as...</span></td><td> </td><td>opens a file dialog where you choose any file that already has the filetype you're looking for.</td></tr>
  77 </table>
  78
  79 <h3>
  80 <a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
  81 <a id="preferred-app" name="preferred-app">The Preferred Application</a></h3>
  82 <p>This pop-up menu shows a list of all applications that can handle this particular filetype. From here you can choose which program should open this specific file when it's double-clicked. You could, for example, change a HTML file's preferred application from the browser to a text editor while you're working on it. Every other HTML file still opens in the browser, only this particular one starts in your text editor.</p>
  83
  84 <p>The <span class="menu">Default application</span> is the one that's set globally for that filetype. If you don't find the program you want to associate with this file in the pop-up menu, you'll again find the buttons <span class="button">Select...</span> and <span class="button">Same as...</span> which do the similar thing described under "The File Type" above.</p>
  85
  86 <h3>
  87 <a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
  88 <a id="icon" name="icon">The Icon</a></h3>
  89 <p>If you're wondering why the icon well on the top right is empty: Icons are normally inherited from the system default for that filetype. You can open the <span class="app">Filetype add-on</span> of a file that contains an icon and drag &amp; drop it into your file's icon well. Or you double-click the icon well and create or edit your own icon. For more info on icons and how to create your own, see topic <a href="applications/icon-o-matic.html">Icon-O-Matic</a>.</p>
  90
  91 <h2>
  92 <a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
  93 <a id="settings-apps" name="settings-apps">Special settings for applications</a></h2>
  94 <p>If you invoke the <span class="app">Filetype add-on</span> on an executable (here: <span class="app">StyledEdit</span>), you'll get a different dialog:</p>
  95 <img src="images/filetypes-images/filetype-addon-stylededit.png" alt="filetype-addon-stylededit.png" />
  96 <p>On top, you'll see, instead of a standardized MIME string, the unique application signature. With it, the system finds the program wherever it's installed.</p>
  97 <p>Below it are several flags, controlling the app's behaviour:</p>
  98 <table summary="layout" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
  99 <tr><td><span class="menu">Single launch</span></td><td> </td><td>Only one instance of the app can be running per executable file. If you have two copies of that app, however, they can run side by side.</td></tr>
 100 <tr><td><span class="menu">Multiple launch</span></td><td> </td><td>Many instances of the app can run simultaneously.</td></tr>
 101 <tr><td class="onelinetop"><span class="menu">Exclusive launch</span></td><td> </td><td>Really only one instance with that app's signature is allowed to run at a time.</td></tr>
 102 <tr><td><span class="menu">Args only</span></td><td> </td><td>Indicates the app doesn't respond to messages.</td></tr>
 103 <tr><td><span class="menu">Background app</span></td><td> </td><td>The app won't appear in <a href="twitcher.html">Twitcher</a> or the list of running apps of the Deskbar.</td></tr>
 104 </table>
 105 <p>Then there's the list of supported filetypes. You can add (and remove) filetypes if you think the application can handle them. As a consequence, the app will appear in the menu for preferred applications or Tracker's <span class="menu">Open with...</span> context menu when you right-click on a file of that type.</p>
 106 <p>At the bottom are version and copyright information. Like the application signature, they are filled in by the app's author and shouldn't be altered.</p>
 107
 108 <h2>
 109 <a href="#"><img src="../images/up.png" style="border:none;float:right" alt="index" /></a>
 110 <a id="filetypes-preferences" name="filetypes-preferences">Global settings with the FileTypes Preferences</a></h2>
 111 <p>The <span class="app">FileTypes</span> preferences don't deal with individual files but with global settings of filetypes. You can change default icons and preferred applications or add, remove, or alter attributes of whole filetypes. You can even create your own filetype from scratch.</p>
 112 <p>All filetypes and their configurations are stored in <span class="path">/boot/home/config/settings/beos_mime/</span>. Before you start experimenting, it may be prudent to make a backup of that folder...</p>
 113 <p>To learn more about the <span class="app">FileTypes</span> preferences see the workshop: <a href="workshop-filetypes+attributes.html">Filetypes, Attributes, Index and Queries</a>.</p>
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