1 CPU Scheduler implementation hints for architecture specific code
8 By default, the switch_to arch function is called with the runqueue
9 locked. This is usually not a problem unless switch_to may need to
10 take the runqueue lock. This is usually due to a wake up operation in
11 the context switch. See arch/ia64/include/asm/system.h for an example.
13 To request the scheduler call switch_to with the runqueue unlocked,
14 you must `#define __ARCH_WANT_UNLOCKED_CTXSW` in a header file
15 (typically the one where switch_to is defined).
17 Unlocked context switches introduce only a very minor performance
18 penalty to the core scheduler implementation in the CONFIG_SMP case.
22 Your cpu_idle routines need to obey the following rules:
24 1. Preempt should now disabled over idle routines. Should only
25 be enabled to call schedule() then disabled again.
27 2. need_resched/TIF_NEED_RESCHED is only ever set, and will never
28 be cleared until the running task has called schedule(). Idle
29 threads need only ever query need_resched, and may never set or
32 3. When cpu_idle finds (need_resched() == 'true'), it should call
33 schedule(). It should not call schedule() otherwise.
35 4. The only time interrupts need to be disabled when checking
36 need_resched is if we are about to sleep the processor until
37 the next interrupt (this doesn't provide any protection of
38 need_resched, it prevents losing an interrupt).
40 4a. Common problem with this type of sleep appears to be:
42 if (!need_resched()) {
44 *** resched interrupt arrives here ***
45 __asm__("sleep until next interrupt");
48 5. TIF_POLLING_NRFLAG can be set by idle routines that do not
49 need an interrupt to wake them up when need_resched goes high.
50 In other words, they must be periodically polling need_resched,
51 although it may be reasonable to do some background work or enter
54 5a. If TIF_POLLING_NRFLAG is set, and we do decide to enter
55 an interrupt sleep, it needs to be cleared then a memory
56 barrier issued (followed by a test of need_resched with
57 interrupts disabled, as explained in 3).
59 arch/x86/kernel/process.c has examples of both polling and
60 sleeping idle functions.
63 Possible arch/ problems
64 =======================
66 Possible arch problems I found (and either tried to fix or didn't):
68 h8300 - Is such sleeping racy vs interrupts? (See #4a).
69 The H8/300 manual I found indicates yes, however disabling IRQs
70 over the sleep mean only NMIs can wake it up, so can't fix easily
71 without doing spin waiting.
73 ia64 - is safe_halt call racy vs interrupts? (does it sleep?) (See #4a)
75 sh64 - Is sleeping racy vs interrupts? (See #4a)
77 sparc - IRQs on at this point(?), change local_irq_save to _disable.
78 - TODO: needs secondary CPUs to disable preempt (See #1)