4 Device Mapper supports the collection of I/O statistics on user-defined
5 regions of a DM device. If no regions are defined no statistics are
6 collected so there isn't any performance impact. Only bio-based DM
7 devices are currently supported.
9 Each user-defined region specifies a starting sector, length and step.
10 Individual statistics will be collected for each step-sized area within
13 The I/O statistics counters for each step-sized area of a region are
14 in the same format as /sys/block/*/stat or /proc/diskstats (see:
15 Documentation/iostats.txt). But two extra counters (12 and 13) are
16 provided: total time spent reading and writing. When the histogram
17 argument is used, the 14th parameter is reported that represents the
18 histogram of latencies. All these counters may be accessed by sending
19 the @stats_print message to the appropriate DM device via dmsetup.
21 The reported times are in milliseconds and the granularity depends on
22 the kernel ticks. When the option precise_timestamps is used, the
23 reported times are in nanoseconds.
25 Each region has a corresponding unique identifier, which we call a
26 region_id, that is assigned when the region is created. The region_id
27 must be supplied when querying statistics about the region, deleting the
28 region, etc. Unique region_ids enable multiple userspace programs to
29 request and process statistics for the same DM device without stepping
32 The creation of DM statistics will allocate memory via kmalloc or
33 fallback to using vmalloc space. At most, 1/4 of the overall system
34 memory may be allocated by DM statistics. The admin can see how much
35 memory is used by reading
36 /sys/module/dm_mod/parameters/stats_current_allocated_bytes
41 @stats_create <range> <step>
42 [<number_of_optional_arguments> <optional_arguments>...]
43 [<program_id> [<aux_data>]]
45 Create a new region and return the region_id.
49 "<start_sector>+<length>" - a range of <length> 512-byte sectors
50 starting with <start_sector>.
53 "<area_size>" - the range is subdivided into areas each containing
55 "/<number_of_areas>" - the range is subdivided into the specified
58 <number_of_optional_arguments>
59 The number of optional arguments
62 The following optional arguments are supported
63 precise_timestamps - use precise timer with nanosecond resolution
64 instead of the "jiffies" variable. When this argument is
65 used, the resulting times are in nanoseconds instead of
66 milliseconds. Precise timestamps are a little bit slower
67 to obtain than jiffies-based timestamps.
68 histogram:n1,n2,n3,n4,... - collect histogram of latencies. The
69 numbers n1, n2, etc are times that represent the boundaries
70 of the histogram. If precise_timestamps is not used, the
71 times are in milliseconds, otherwise they are in
72 nanoseconds. For each range, the kernel will report the
73 number of requests that completed within this range. For
74 example, if we use "histogram:10,20,30", the kernel will
75 report four numbers a:b:c:d. a is the number of requests
76 that took 0-10 ms to complete, b is the number of requests
77 that took 10-20 ms to complete, c is the number of requests
78 that took 20-30 ms to complete and d is the number of
79 requests that took more than 30 ms to complete.
82 An optional parameter. A name that uniquely identifies
83 the userspace owner of the range. This groups ranges together
84 so that userspace programs can identify the ranges they
85 created and ignore those created by others.
86 The kernel returns this string back in the output of
87 @stats_list message, but it doesn't use it for anything else.
88 If we omit the number of optional arguments, program id must not
89 be a number, otherwise it would be interpreted as the number of
93 An optional parameter. A word that provides auxiliary data
94 that is useful to the client program that created the range.
95 The kernel returns this string back in the output of
96 @stats_list message, but it doesn't use this value for anything.
98 @stats_delete <region_id>
100 Delete the region with the specified id.
103 region_id returned from @stats_create
105 @stats_clear <region_id>
107 Clear all the counters except the in-flight i/o counters.
110 region_id returned from @stats_create
112 @stats_list [<program_id>]
114 List all regions registered with @stats_create.
117 An optional parameter.
118 If this parameter is specified, only matching regions
120 If it is not specified, all regions are returned.
123 <region_id>: <start_sector>+<length> <step> <program_id> <aux_data>
124 precise_timestamps histogram:n1,n2,n3,...
126 The strings "precise_timestamps" and "histogram" are printed only
127 if they were specified when creating the region.
129 @stats_print <region_id> [<starting_line> <number_of_lines>]
131 Print counters for each step-sized area of a region.
134 region_id returned from @stats_create
137 The index of the starting line in the output.
138 If omitted, all lines are returned.
141 The number of lines to include in the output.
142 If omitted, all lines are returned.
144 Output format for each step-sized area of a region:
146 <start_sector>+<length> counters
148 The first 11 counters have the same meaning as
149 /sys/block/*/stat or /proc/diskstats.
151 Please refer to Documentation/iostats.txt for details.
153 1. the number of reads completed
154 2. the number of reads merged
155 3. the number of sectors read
156 4. the number of milliseconds spent reading
157 5. the number of writes completed
158 6. the number of writes merged
159 7. the number of sectors written
160 8. the number of milliseconds spent writing
161 9. the number of I/Os currently in progress
162 10. the number of milliseconds spent doing I/Os
163 11. the weighted number of milliseconds spent doing I/Os
166 12. the total time spent reading in milliseconds
167 13. the total time spent writing in milliseconds
169 @stats_print_clear <region_id> [<starting_line> <number_of_lines>]
171 Atomically print and then clear all the counters except the
172 in-flight i/o counters. Useful when the client consuming the
173 statistics does not want to lose any statistics (those updated
174 between printing and clearing).
177 region_id returned from @stats_create
180 The index of the starting line in the output.
181 If omitted, all lines are printed and then cleared.
184 The number of lines to process.
185 If omitted, all lines are printed and then cleared.
187 @stats_set_aux <region_id> <aux_data>
189 Store auxiliary data aux_data for the specified region.
192 region_id returned from @stats_create
195 The string that identifies data which is useful to the client
196 program that created the range. The kernel returns this
197 string back in the output of @stats_list message, but it
198 doesn't use this value for anything.
203 Subdivide the DM device 'vol' into 100 pieces and start collecting
206 dmsetup message vol 0 @stats_create - /100
208 Set the auxillary data string to "foo bar baz" (the escape for each
209 space must also be escaped, otherwise the shell will consume them):
211 dmsetup message vol 0 @stats_set_aux 0 foo\\ bar\\ baz
215 dmsetup message vol 0 @stats_list
217 Print the statistics:
219 dmsetup message vol 0 @stats_print 0
221 Delete the statistics:
223 dmsetup message vol 0 @stats_delete 0