lib/libm/src/e_acos.c

   1 /* @(#)e_acos.c 5.1 93/09/24 */
   2 /*
   3  * ====================================================
   4  * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
   5  *
   6  * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
   7  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
   8  * software is freely granted, provided that this notice
   9  * is preserved.
  10  * ====================================================
  11  */
  12
  13 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  14 #if defined(LIBM_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
  15 __RCSID("$NetBSD: e_acos.c,v 1.12 2002/05/26 22:01:47 wiz Exp $");
  16 #endif
  17
  18 /* __ieee754_acos(x)
  19  * Method :
  20  *      acos(x)  = pi/2 - asin(x)
  21  *      acos(-x) = pi/2 + asin(x)
  22  * For |x|<=0.5
  23  *      acos(x) = pi/2 - (x + x*x^2*R(x^2))     (see asin.c)
  24  * For x>0.5
  25  *      acos(x) = pi/2 - (pi/2 - 2asin(sqrt((1-x)/2)))
  26  *              = 2asin(sqrt((1-x)/2))
  27  *              = 2s + 2s*z*R(z)        ...z=(1-x)/2, s=sqrt(z)
  28  *              = 2f + (2c + 2s*z*R(z))
  29  *     where f=hi part of s, and c = (z-f*f)/(s+f) is the correction term
  30  *     for f so that f+c ~ sqrt(z).
  31  * For x<-0.5
  32  *      acos(x) = pi - 2asin(sqrt((1-|x|)/2))
  33  *              = pi - 0.5*(s+s*z*R(z)), where z=(1-|x|)/2,s=sqrt(z)
  34  *
  35  * Special cases:
  36  *      if x is NaN, return x itself;
  37  *      if |x|>1, return NaN with invalid signal.
  38  *
  39  * Function needed: __ieee754_sqrt
  40  */
  41
  42 #include "math.h"
  43 #include "math_private.h"
  44
  45 static const double
  46 one=  1.00000000000000000000e+00, /* 0x3FF00000, 0x00000000 */
  47 pi =  3.14159265358979311600e+00, /* 0x400921FB, 0x54442D18 */
  48 pio2_hi =  1.57079632679489655800e+00, /* 0x3FF921FB, 0x54442D18 */
  49 pio2_lo =  6.12323399573676603587e-17, /* 0x3C91A626, 0x33145C07 */
  50 pS0 =  1.66666666666666657415e-01, /* 0x3FC55555, 0x55555555 */
  51 pS1 = -3.25565818622400915405e-01, /* 0xBFD4D612, 0x03EB6F7D */
  52 pS2 =  2.01212532134862925881e-01, /* 0x3FC9C155, 0x0E884455 */
  53 pS3 = -4.00555345006794114027e-02, /* 0xBFA48228, 0xB5688F3B */
  54 pS4 =  7.91534994289814532176e-04, /* 0x3F49EFE0, 0x7501B288 */
  55 pS5 =  3.47933107596021167570e-05, /* 0x3F023DE1, 0x0DFDF709 */
  56 qS1 = -2.40339491173441421878e+00, /* 0xC0033A27, 0x1C8A2D4B */
  57 qS2 =  2.02094576023350569471e+00, /* 0x40002AE5, 0x9C598AC8 */
  58 qS3 = -6.88283971605453293030e-01, /* 0xBFE6066C, 0x1B8D0159 */
  59 qS4 =  7.70381505559019352791e-02; /* 0x3FB3B8C5, 0xB12E9282 */
  60
  61 double
  62 __ieee754_acos(double x)
  63 {
  64         double z,p,q,r,w,s,c,df;
  65         int32_t hx,ix;
  66         GET_HIGH_WORD(hx,x);
  67         ix = hx&0x7fffffff;
  68         if(ix>=0x3ff00000) {    /* |x| >= 1 */
  69             u_int32_t lx;
  70             GET_LOW_WORD(lx,x);
  71             if(((ix-0x3ff00000)|lx)==0) {       /* |x|==1 */
  72                 if(hx>0) return 0.0;            /* acos(1) = 0  */
  73                 else return pi+2.0*pio2_lo;     /* acos(-1)= pi */
  74             }
  75             return (x-x)/(x-x);         /* acos(|x|>1) is NaN */
  76         }
  77         if(ix<0x3fe00000) {     /* |x| < 0.5 */
  78             if(ix<=0x3c600000) return pio2_hi+pio2_lo;/*if|x|<2**-57*/
  79             z = x*x;
  80             p = z*(pS0+z*(pS1+z*(pS2+z*(pS3+z*(pS4+z*pS5)))));
  81             q = one+z*(qS1+z*(qS2+z*(qS3+z*qS4)));
  82             r = p/q;
  83             return pio2_hi - (x - (pio2_lo-x*r));
  84         } else  if (hx<0) {             /* x < -0.5 */
  85             z = (one+x)*0.5;
  86             p = z*(pS0+z*(pS1+z*(pS2+z*(pS3+z*(pS4+z*pS5)))));
  87             q = one+z*(qS1+z*(qS2+z*(qS3+z*qS4)));
  88             s = __ieee754_sqrt(z);
  89             r = p/q;
  90             w = r*s-pio2_lo;
  91             return pi - 2.0*(s+w);
  92         } else {                        /* x > 0.5 */
  93             z = (one-x)*0.5;
  94             s = __ieee754_sqrt(z);
  95             df = s;
  96             SET_LOW_WORD(df,0);
  97             c  = (z-df*df)/(s+df);
  98             p = z*(pS0+z*(pS1+z*(pS2+z*(pS3+z*(pS4+z*pS5)))));
  99             q = one+z*(qS1+z*(qS2+z*(qS3+z*qS4)));
 100             r = p/q;
 101             w = r*s+c;
 102             return 2.0*(df+w);
 103         }
 104 }