postfix-master/local.8.html

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   7 LOCAL(8)                                                              LOCAL(8)
   8
   9 <b>NAME</b>
  10        local - Postfix local mail delivery
  11
  12 <b>SYNOPSIS</b>
  13        <b>local</b> [generic Postfix daemon options]
  14
  15 <b>DESCRIPTION</b>
  16        The  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  daemon processes delivery requests from the
  17        Postfix queue manager to deliver mail to local recipients.
  18        Each  delivery  request  specifies  a queue file, a sender
  19        address, a domain or host to deliver to, and one  or  more
  20        recipients.   This program expects to be run from the <a href="master.8.html"><b>mas-</b></a>
  21        <a href="master.8.html"><b>ter</b>(8)</a> process manager.
  22
  23        The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon updates queue files and marks  recipi-
  24        ents  as  finished,  or  it informs the queue manager that
  25        delivery should be tried again at a later  time.  Delivery
  26        status  reports  are  sent  to  the <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a>, <a href="defer.8.html"><b>defer</b>(8)</a> or
  27        <a href="trace.8.html"><b>trace</b>(8)</a> daemon as appropriate.
  28
  29 <b>CASE FOLDING</b>
  30        All delivery decisions are made using the  bare  recipient
  31        name  (i.e.  the address localpart), folded to lower case.
  32        See also under ADDRESS EXTENSION below for  a  few  excep-
  33        tions.
  34
  35 <b>SYSTEM-WIDE AND USER-LEVEL ALIASING</b>
  36        The  system  administrator  can set up one or more system-
  37        wide <b>sendmail</b>-style alias databases.  Users can have <b>send-</b>
  38        <b>mail</b>-style  ~/.<b>forward</b>  files.  Mail for <i>name</i> is delivered
  39        to the alias <i>name</i>, to destinations in  ~<i>name</i>/.<b>forward</b>,  to
  40        the  mailbox owned by the user <i>name</i>, or it is sent back as
  41        undeliverable.
  42
  43        The system administrator can specify a  comma/space  sepa-
  44        rated  list  of  ~/.<b>forward</b>  like  files  through the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">for</a>-</b>
  45        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">ward_path</a></b>  configuration  parameter.  Upon  delivery,  the
  46        local delivery agent tries each pathname in the list until
  47        a file is found.
  48
  49        Delivery via ~/.<b>forward</b> files is done with the  privileges
  50        of  the  recipient.   Thus,  ~/.<b>forward</b> like files must be
  51        readable by the  recipient,  and  their  parent  directory
  52        needs to have "execute" permission for the recipient.
  53
  54        The  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">forward_path</a></b> parameter is subject to interpolation of
  55        <b>$user</b> (recipient username), <b>$home</b> (recipient  home  direc-
  56        tory),  <b>$shell</b>  (recipient  shell),  <b>$recipient</b>  (complete
  57        recipient address), <b>$extension</b> (recipient  address  exten-
  58        sion),  <b>$domain</b> (recipient domain), <b>$local</b> (entire recipi-
  59        ent address localpart) and <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a>.</b> The forms
  60        <i>${name?value}</i>  and  <i>${name:value}</i>  expand conditionally to
  61        <i>value</i> when <i>$name</i> is (is not) defined.  Characters that may
  62        have  special  meaning  to  the  shell  or file system are
  63        replaced by underscores.  The list of  acceptable  charac-
  64        ters  is  specified with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_expansion_filter">forward_expansion_filter</a></b> con-
  65        figuration parameter.
  66
  67        An alias or ~/.<b>forward</b> file may list  any  combination  of
  68        external   commands,  destination  file  names,  <b>:include:</b>
  69        directives, or mail addresses.  See <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> for a  pre-
  70        cise  description. Each line in a user's .<b>forward</b> file has
  71        the same syntax as the right-hand part of an alias.
  72
  73        When an address is  found  in  its  own  alias  expansion,
  74        delivery  is  made  to  the  user  instead. When a user is
  75        listed in the user's own ~/.<b>forward</b> file, delivery is made
  76        to  the  user's mailbox instead.  An empty ~/.<b>forward</b> file
  77        means do not forward mail.
  78
  79        In order to prevent the mail system from using  up  unrea-
  80        sonable   amounts  of  memory,  input  records  read  from
  81        <b>:include:</b> or from ~/.<b>forward</b>  files  are  broken  up  into
  82        chunks of length <b><a href="postconf.5.html#line_length_limit">line_length_limit</a></b>.
  83
  84        While  expanding aliases, ~/.<b>forward</b> files, and so on, the
  85        program attempts to avoid duplicate deliveries. The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#duplicate_filter_limit">dupli</a>-</b>
  86        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#duplicate_filter_limit">cate_filter_limit</a></b>  configuration parameter limits the num-
  87        ber of remembered recipients.
  88
  89 <b>MAIL FORWARDING</b>
  90        For the sake of reliability, forwarded mail is  re-submit-
  91        ted  as  a new message, so that each recipient has a sepa-
  92        rate on-file delivery status record.
  93
  94        In order to stop mail forwarding loops early, the software
  95        adds an optional <b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final enve-
  96        lope recipient address. If mail arrives  for  a  recipient
  97        that is already listed in a <b>Delivered-To:</b> header, the mes-
  98        sage is bounced.
  99
 100 <b>MAILBOX DELIVERY</b>
 101        The default per-user mailbox is a file in  the  UNIX  mail
 102        spool  directory (<b>/var/mail/</b><i>user</i> or <b>/var/spool/mail/</b><i>user</i>);
 103        the location can be specified with  the  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">mail_spool_direc</a>-</b>
 104        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">tory</a></b>  configuration  parameter. Specify a name ending in <b>/</b>
 105        for <b>qmail</b>-compatible <b>maildir</b> delivery.
 106
 107        Alternatively, the per-user mailbox can be a file  in  the
 108        user's  home  directory  with  a  name  specified  via the
 109        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#home_mailbox">home_mailbox</a></b> configuration parameter. Specify  a  relative
 110        path name. Specify a name ending in <b>/</b> for <b>qmail</b>-compatible
 111        <b>maildir</b> delivery.
 112
 113        Mailbox delivery can be delegated to an  external  command
 114        specified  with  the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command_maps">mailbox_command_maps</a></b> and <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_com</a>-</b>
 115        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mand</a></b> configuration parameters. The command  executes  with
 116        the  privileges  of  the  recipient user (exceptions: sec-
 117        ondary groups are not enabled;  in  case  of  delivery  as
 118        root,   the   command  executes  with  the  privileges  of
 119        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_privs">default_privs</a></b>).
 120
 121        Mailbox delivery can be delegated to  alternative  message
 122        transports  specified  in  the  <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file.  The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport_maps">mail</a>-</b>
 123        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport_maps">box_transport_maps</a></b>  and  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport">mailbox_transport</a></b>   configuration
 124        parameters  specify  an optional message transport that is
 125        to be used for all local recipients, regardless of whether
 126        they  are  found  in  the UNIX passwd database.  The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport_maps">fall</a>-</b>
 127        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport_maps">back_transport_maps</a></b>  and   <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport">fallback_transport</a></b>   parameters
 128        specify  an optional message transport for recipients that
 129        are not found in the <a href="aliases.5.html">aliases(5)</a> or UNIX passwd database.
 130
 131        In the case of UNIX-style mailbox delivery,  the  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>
 132        daemon prepends a "<b>From</b> <i>sender time</i><b>_</b><i>stamp</i>" envelope header
 133        to each message, prepends an  <b>X-Original-To:</b>  header  with
 134        the  recipient  address  as  given to Postfix, prepends an
 135        optional <b>Delivered-To:</b>  header  with  the  final  envelope
 136        recipient address, prepends a <b>Return-Path:</b> header with the
 137        envelope sender address, prepends a &gt; character  to  lines
 138        beginning  with  "<b>From</b>  ", and appends an empty line.  The
 139        mailbox is locked for exclusive access while  delivery  is
 140        in  progress.  In  case of problems, an attempt is made to
 141        truncate the mailbox to its original length.
 142
 143        In the case of <b>maildir</b> delivery, the local daemon prepends
 144        an  optional  <b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final envelope
 145        recipient address, prepends an <b>X-Original-To:</b> header  with
 146        the  recipient address as given to Postfix, and prepends a
 147        <b>Return-Path:</b> header with the envelope sender address.
 148
 149 <b>EXTERNAL COMMAND DELIVERY</b>
 150        The   <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_commands">allow_mail_to_commands</a></b>    configuration    parameter
 151        restricts  delivery to external commands. The default set-
 152        ting (<b>alias,  forward</b>)  forbids  command  destinations  in
 153        <b>:include:</b> files.
 154
 155        Optionally,  the  process  working directory is changed to
 156        the path specified with <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a></b> (Post-
 157        fix  2.2  and  later).  Failure to change directory causes
 158        mail to be deferred.
 159
 160        The <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a></b> parameter value is subject
 161        to  interpolation  of  <b>$user</b>  (recipient  username), <b>$home</b>
 162        (recipient  home  directory),  <b>$shell</b>  (recipient  shell),
 163        <b>$recipient</b>   (complete   recipient   address),  <b>$extension</b>
 164        (recipient address extension), <b>$domain</b> (recipient domain),
 165        <b>$local</b>  (entire  recipient address localpart) and <b>$recipi-</b>
 166        <b>ent_delimiter.</b>  The forms <i>${name?value}</i> and  <i>${name:value}</i>
 167        expand  conditionally  to  <i>value</i>  when  <i>$name</i>  is (is not)
 168        defined.  Characters that may have special meaning to  the
 169        shell  or  file  system  are replaced by underscores.  The
 170        list of acceptable characters is specified with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#execution_directory_expansion_filter">execu</a>-</b>
 171        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#execution_directory_expansion_filter">tion_directory_expansion_filter</a></b> configuration parameter.
 172
 173        The  command  is  executed directly where possible. Assis-
 174        tance by the shell (<b>/bin/sh</b> on UNIX systems) is used  only
 175        when  the command contains shell magic characters, or when
 176        the command invokes a shell built-in command.
 177
 178        A limited amount of command output  (standard  output  and
 179        standard  error) is captured for inclusion with non-deliv-
 180        ery status reports.  A command is forcibly  terminated  if
 181        it  does  not  complete within <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_time_limit">command_time_limit</a></b> seconds.
 182        Command exit status codes are expected to follow the  con-
 183        ventions  defined  in  &lt;<b>sysexits.h</b>&gt;.   Exit status 0 means
 184        normal successful completion.
 185
 186        Postfix version  2.3  and  later  support  <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3463">RFC  3463</a>-style
 187        enhanced  status  codes.   If  a command terminates with a
 188        non-zero exit status, and the command output  begins  with
 189        an enhanced status code, this status code takes precedence
 190        over the non-zero exit status.
 191
 192        A limited amount of message context is exported via  envi-
 193        ronment  variables. Characters that may have special mean-
 194        ing to the shell are replaced by underscores.  The list of
 195        acceptable characters is specified with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_expansion_filter">command_expan</a>-</b>
 196        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_expansion_filter">sion_filter</a></b> configuration parameter.
 197
 198        <b>SHELL</b>  The recipient user's login shell.
 199
 200        <b>HOME</b>   The recipient user's home directory.
 201
 202        <b>USER</b>   The bare recipient name.
 203
 204        <b>EXTENSION</b>
 205               The optional recipient address extension.
 206
 207        <b>DOMAIN</b> The recipient address domain part.
 208
 209        <b>LOGNAME</b>
 210               The bare recipient name.
 211
 212        <b>LOCAL</b>  The entire recipient address localpart (text to the
 213               left of the rightmost @ character).
 214
 215        <b>ORIGINAL_RECIPIENT</b>
 216               The  entire  recipient  address, before any address
 217               rewriting or aliasing (Postfix 2.5 and later).
 218
 219        <b>RECIPIENT</b>
 220               The entire recipient address.
 221
 222        <b>SENDER</b> The entire sender address.
 223
 224        Additional remote client information is made available via
 225        the following environment variables:
 226
 227        <b>CLIENT_ADDRESS</b>
 228               Remote  client  network  address.  Available  as of
 229               Postfix 2.2.
 230
 231        <b>CLIENT_HELO</b>
 232               Remote client EHLO command parameter. Available  as
 233               of Postfix 2.2.
 234
 235        <b>CLIENT_HOSTNAME</b>
 236               Remote  client  hostname.  Available  as of Postfix
 237               2.2.
 238
 239        <b>CLIENT_PROTOCOL</b>
 240               Remote client protocol.  Available  as  of  Postfix
 241               2.2.
 242
 243        <b>SASL_METHOD</b>
 244               SASL  authentication method specified in the remote
 245               client AUTH command. Available as of Postfix 2.2.
 246
 247        <b>SASL_SENDER</b>
 248               SASL sender address specified in the remote  client
 249               MAIL FROM command. Available as of Postfix 2.2.
 250
 251        <b>SASL_USERNAME</b>
 252               SASL  username  specified in the remote client AUTH
 253               command.  Available as of Postfix 2.2.
 254
 255        The <b>PATH</b> environment variable is always reset to a system-
 256        dependent  default  path,  and environment variables whose
 257        names are blessed by the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#export_environment">export_environment</a></b>  configuration
 258        parameter are exported unchanged.
 259
 260        The current working directory is the mail queue directory.
 261
 262        The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon prepends a  "<b>From</b>  <i>sender  time</i><b>_</b><i>stamp</i>"
 263        envelope  header  to each message, prepends an <b>X-Original-</b>
 264        <b>To:</b> header with the recipient address as given to Postfix,
 265        prepends  an  optional <b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final
 266        recipient envelope address, prepends a <b>Return-Path:</b> header
 267        with  the  sender  envelope  address, and appends no empty
 268        line.
 269
 270 <b>EXTERNAL FILE DELIVERY</b>
 271        The delivery format depends on  the  destination  filename
 272        syntax.   The default is to use UNIX-style mailbox format.
 273        Specify a name ending in <b>/</b>  for  <b>qmail</b>-compatible  <b>maildir</b>
 274        delivery.
 275
 276        The  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_files">allow_mail_to_files</a></b> configuration parameter restricts
 277        delivery to external files. The  default  setting  (<b>alias,</b>
 278        <b>forward</b>) forbids file destinations in <b>:include:</b> files.
 279
 280        In  the  case of UNIX-style mailbox delivery, the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>
 281        daemon prepends a "<b>From</b> <i>sender time</i><b>_</b><i>stamp</i>" envelope header
 282        to  each  message,  prepends an <b>X-Original-To:</b> header with
 283        the recipient address as given  to  Postfix,  prepends  an
 284        optional  <b>Delivered-To:</b>  header  with  the final recipient
 285        envelope address, prepends a &gt; character to  lines  begin-
 286        ning  with  "<b>From</b> ", and appends an empty line.  The enve-
 287        lope sender  address  is  available  in  the  <b>Return-Path:</b>
 288        header.   When  the  destination  is a regular file, it is
 289        locked for exclusive access while delivery is in progress.
 290        In case of problems, an attempt is made to truncate a reg-
 291        ular file to its original length.
 292
 293        In the case of <b>maildir</b> delivery, the local daemon prepends
 294        an  optional  <b>Delivered-To:</b> header with the final envelope
 295        recipient address, and prepends an  <b>X-Original-To:</b>  header
 296        with the recipient address as given to Postfix.  The enve-
 297        lope sender  address  is  available  in  the  <b>Return-Path:</b>
 298        header.
 299
 300 <b>ADDRESS EXTENSION</b>
 301        The  optional  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a></b> configuration parameter
 302        specifies how to separate address  extensions  from  local
 303        recipient names.
 304
 305        For  example,  with  "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a>  =  +</b>", mail for
 306        <i>name</i>+<i>foo</i> is delivered to the  alias  <i>name</i>+<i>foo</i>  or  to  the
 307        alias  <i>name</i>,  to  the  destinations  listed in ~<i>name</i>/.<b>for-</b>
 308        <b>ward</b>+<i>foo</i> or in ~<i>name</i>/.<b>forward</b>, to the mailbox owned by the
 309        user <i>name</i>, or it is sent back as undeliverable.
 310
 311 <b>DELIVERY RIGHTS</b>
 312        Deliveries  to  external  files  and external commands are
 313        made with the rights of the receiving user on whose behalf
 314        the  delivery  is made.  In the absence of a user context,
 315        the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> daemon uses the owner rights of the <b>:include:</b>
 316        file or alias database.  When those files are owned by the
 317        superuser, delivery is made with the rights specified with
 318        the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_privs">default_privs</a></b> configuration parameter.
 319
 320 <b>STANDARDS</b>
 321        <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822">RFC 822</a> (ARPA Internet Text Messages)
 322        <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3463">RFC 3463</a> (Enhanced status codes)
 323
 324 <b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
 325        Problems  and transactions are logged to <b>syslogd</b>(8).  Cor-
 326        rupted message files are marked so that the queue  manager
 327        can move them to the <b>corrupt</b> queue afterwards.
 328
 329        Depending  on the setting of the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#notify_classes">notify_classes</a></b> parameter,
 330        the postmaster is notified of bounces and of  other  trou-
 331        ble.
 332
 333 <b>SECURITY</b>
 334        The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent needs a dual personality 1) to
 335        access the private Postfix queue and IPC mechanisms, 2) to
 336        impersonate  the recipient and deliver to recipient-speci-
 337        fied files or commands. It is  therefore  security  sensi-
 338        tive.
 339
 340        The  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery agent disallows regular expression
 341        substitution of $1 etc. in <b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a></b>, because that  would
 342        open a security hole.
 343
 344        The  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent will silently ignore requests
 345        to use the <a href="proxymap.8.html"><b>proxymap</b>(8)</a> server within  <b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a></b>.  Instead
 346        it  will  open the table directly.  Before Postfix version
 347        2.2, the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent  will  terminate  with  a
 348        fatal error.
 349
 350 <b>BUGS</b>
 351        For  security  reasons,  the  message  delivery  status of
 352        external commands or of external  files  is  never  check-
 353        pointed to file. As a result, the program may occasionally
 354        deliver more than once to a command or external file. Bet-
 355        ter safe than sorry.
 356
 357        Mutually-recursive  aliases  or  ~/.<b>forward</b>  files are not
 358        detected early.  The resulting  mail  forwarding  loop  is
 359        broken by the use of the <b>Delivered-To:</b> message header.
 360
 361 <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
 362        Changes   to  <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a>  are  picked  up  automatically,  as
 363        <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> processes run for only a limited amount of  time.
 364        Use the command "<b>postfix reload</b>" to speed up a change.
 365
 366        The  text  below  provides  only  a parameter summary. See
 367        <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples.
 368
 369 <b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS</b>
 370        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#biff">biff</a> (yes)</b>
 371               Whether or not to use the local <a href="postconf.5.html#biff">biff</a> service.
 372
 373        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#expand_owner_alias">expand_owner_alias</a> (no)</b>
 374               When delivering to an alias "aliasname" that has an
 375               "owner-aliasname" companion alias, set the envelope
 376               sender address to  the  expansion  of  the  "owner-
 377               aliasname" alias.
 378
 379        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#owner_request_special">owner_request_special</a> (yes)</b>
 380               Give  special treatment to owner-listname and list-
 381               name-request address localparts: don't  split  such
 382               addresses  when  the  <a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> is set to
 383               "-".
 384
 385        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sun_mailtool_compatibility">sun_mailtool_compatibility</a> (no)</b>
 386               Obsolete SUN mailtool compatibility feature.
 387
 388        Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later:
 389
 390        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#frozen_delivered_to">frozen_delivered_to</a> (yes)</b>
 391               Update the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent's  idea  of  the
 392               Delivered-To:     address    (see    prepend_deliv-
 393               ered_header) only once, at the start of a  delivery
 394               attempt;  do  not  update the Delivered-To: address
 395               while expanding aliases or .forward files.
 396
 397        Available in Postfix version 2.5.3 and later:
 398
 399        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#strict_mailbox_ownership">strict_mailbox_ownership</a> (yes)</b>
 400               Defer delivery when a mailbox file is not owned  by
 401               its recipient.
 402
 403        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#reset_owner_alias">reset_owner_alias</a> (no)</b>
 404               Reset  the  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery  agent's idea of the
 405               owner-alias attribute, when delivering  mail  to  a
 406               child alias that does not have its own owner alias.
 407
 408 <b>DELIVERY METHOD CONTROLS</b>
 409        The precedence of <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery methods from  high  to
 410        low  is:  aliases, .forward files, <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport_maps">mailbox_transport_maps</a>,
 411        <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport">mailbox_transport</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command_maps">mailbox_command_maps</a>,  <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_command</a>,
 412        <a href="postconf.5.html#home_mailbox">home_mailbox</a>,     <a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">mail_spool_directory</a>,    fallback_trans-
 413        port_maps, <a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport">fallback_transport</a>, and <a href="postconf.5.html#luser_relay">luser_relay</a>.
 414
 415        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#alias_maps">alias_maps</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 416               The alias databases  that  are  used  for  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>
 417               delivery.
 418
 419        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">forward_path</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 420               The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent search list for finding
 421               a .forward file with user-specified delivery  meth-
 422               ods.
 423
 424        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport_maps">mailbox_transport_maps</a> (empty)</b>
 425               Optional  lookup  tables with per-recipient message
 426               delivery transports to  use  for  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  mailbox
 427               delivery,  whether  or not the recipients are found
 428               in the UNIX passwd database.
 429
 430        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_transport">mailbox_transport</a> (empty)</b>
 431               Optional  message  delivery  transport   that   the
 432               <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery  agent  should  use  for mailbox
 433               delivery to all local recipients,  whether  or  not
 434               they are found in the UNIX passwd database.
 435
 436        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command_maps">mailbox_command_maps</a> (empty)</b>
 437               Optional  lookup tables with per-recipient external
 438               commands to use for <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> mailbox delivery.
 439
 440        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_command</a> (empty)</b>
 441               Optional external command that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  deliv-
 442               ery agent should use for mailbox delivery.
 443
 444        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#home_mailbox">home_mailbox</a> (empty)</b>
 445               Optional  pathname  of a mailbox file relative to a
 446               <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> user's home directory.
 447
 448        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_spool_directory">mail_spool_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 449               The directory where <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  UNIX-style  mailboxes
 450               are kept.
 451
 452        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport_maps">fallback_transport_maps</a> (empty)</b>
 453               Optional  lookup  tables with per-recipient message
 454               delivery  transports  for   recipients   that   the
 455               <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery  agent  could  not  find  in the
 456               <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a> or UNIX password database.
 457
 458        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#fallback_transport">fallback_transport</a> (empty)</b>
 459               Optional  message  delivery  transport   that   the
 460               <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery  agent should use for names that
 461               are not found in the <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a>  or  UNIX  password
 462               database.
 463
 464        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#luser_relay">luser_relay</a> (empty)</b>
 465               Optional catch-all destination for unknown <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>
 466               recipients.
 467
 468        Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:
 469
 470        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a> (empty)</b>
 471               The <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery agent working  directory  for
 472               delivery to external command.
 473
 474 <b>MAILBOX LOCKING CONTROLS</b>
 475        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#deliver_lock_attempts">deliver_lock_attempts</a> (20)</b>
 476               The maximal number of attempts to acquire an exclu-
 477               sive lock on a mailbox file or <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a> logfile.
 478
 479        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#deliver_lock_delay">deliver_lock_delay</a> (1s)</b>
 480               The time between attempts to acquire  an  exclusive
 481               lock on a mailbox file or <a href="bounce.8.html"><b>bounce</b>(8)</a> logfile.
 482
 483        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#stale_lock_time">stale_lock_time</a> (500s)</b>
 484               The  time  after  which  a  stale exclusive mailbox
 485               lockfile is removed.
 486
 487        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_delivery_lock">mailbox_delivery_lock</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 488               How to lock a UNIX-style  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  mailbox  before
 489               attempting delivery.
 490
 491 <b>RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS</b>
 492        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_time_limit">command_time_limit</a> (1000s)</b>
 493               Time limit for delivery to external commands.
 494
 495        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#duplicate_filter_limit">duplicate_filter_limit</a> (1000)</b>
 496               The  maximal  number of addresses remembered by the
 497               address duplicate filter  for  <a href="aliases.5.html"><b>aliases</b>(5)</a>  or  <a href="virtual.5.html"><b>vir-</b></a>
 498               <a href="virtual.5.html"><b>tual</b>(5)</a> alias expansion, or for <a href="showq.8.html"><b>showq</b>(8)</a> queue dis-
 499               plays.
 500
 501        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_concurrency_limit">local_destination_concurrency_limit</a> (2)</b>
 502               The maximal number of parallel deliveries  via  the
 503               local mail delivery transport to the same recipient
 504               (when "<a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_recipient_limit">local_destination_recipient_limit</a> =  1")  or
 505               the  maximal  number  of parallel deliveries to the
 506               same <a href="ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html#local_domain_class">local domain</a> (when  "local_destination_recipi-
 507               ent_limit &gt; 1").
 508
 509        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_destination_recipient_limit">local_destination_recipient_limit</a> (1)</b>
 510               The maximal number of recipients per message deliv-
 511               ery via the local mail delivery transport.
 512
 513        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_size_limit">mailbox_size_limit</a> (51200000)</b>
 514               The maximal size of any <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> individual mailbox
 515               or maildir file, or zero (no limit).
 516
 517 <b>SECURITY CONTROLS</b>
 518        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_commands">allow_mail_to_commands</a> (alias, forward)</b>
 519               Restrict  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  mail  delivery to external com-
 520               mands.
 521
 522        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_mail_to_files">allow_mail_to_files</a> (alias, forward)</b>
 523               Restrict <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> mail delivery to external  files.
 524
 525        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#command_expansion_filter">command_expansion_filter</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 526               Restrict  the characters that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery
 527               agent allows in $name expansions  of  $<a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mailbox_com</a>-
 528               <a href="postconf.5.html#mailbox_command">mand</a> and $<a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execution_directory</a>.
 529
 530        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_privs">default_privs</a> (nobody)</b>
 531               The  default  rights  used by the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery
 532               agent for delivery to external file or command.
 533
 534        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#forward_expansion_filter">forward_expansion_filter</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 535               Restrict the characters that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery
 536               agent  allows in $name expansions of $<a href="postconf.5.html#forward_path">forward_path</a>.
 537
 538        Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:
 539
 540        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#execution_directory_expansion_filter">execution_directory_expansion_filter</a>  (see  'postconf  -d'</b>
 541        <b>output)</b>
 542               Restrict the characters that the <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery
 543               agent allows in $name expansions of $<a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">command_execu</a>-
 544               <a href="postconf.5.html#command_execution_directory">tion_directory</a>.
 545
 546        Available in Postfix version 2.5.3 and later:
 547
 548        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#strict_mailbox_ownership">strict_mailbox_ownership</a> (yes)</b>
 549               Defer delivery when a mailbox file is not owned  by
 550               its recipient.
 551
 552 <b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
 553        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 554               The  default  location  of  the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and
 555               <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration files.
 556
 557        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_timeout">daemon_timeout</a> (18000s)</b>
 558               How much time a Postfix daemon process may take  to
 559               handle  a  request  before  it  is  terminated by a
 560               built-in watchdog timer.
 561
 562        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#delay_logging_resolution_limit">delay_logging_resolution_limit</a> (2)</b>
 563               The maximal number  of  digits  after  the  decimal
 564               point when logging sub-second delay values.
 565
 566        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#export_environment">export_environment</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 567               The  list  of  environment variables that a Postfix
 568               process will export to non-Postfix processes.
 569
 570        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#ipc_timeout">ipc_timeout</a> (3600s)</b>
 571               The time limit for sending or receiving information
 572               over an internal communication channel.
 573
 574        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_command_shell">local_command_shell</a> (empty)</b>
 575               Optional  shell  program  for  <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> delivery to
 576               non-Postfix command.
 577
 578        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a> (100s)</b>
 579               The maximum amount of time  that  an  idle  Postfix
 580               daemon  process  waits  for  an incoming connection
 581               before terminating voluntarily.
 582
 583        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a> (100)</b>
 584               The maximal number of incoming connections  that  a
 585               Postfix  daemon  process will service before termi-
 586               nating voluntarily.
 587
 588        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#prepend_delivered_header">prepend_delivered_header</a> (command, file, forward)</b>
 589               The message delivery  contexts  where  the  Postfix
 590               <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a>  delivery  agent  prepends a Delivered-To:
 591               message header with the address that the  mail  was
 592               delivered to.
 593
 594        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
 595               The  process  ID  of  a  Postfix  command or daemon
 596               process.
 597
 598        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
 599               The process name of a  Postfix  command  or  daemon
 600               process.
 601
 602        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a> (canonical, virtual)</b>
 603               What  address  lookup tables copy an address exten-
 604               sion from the lookup key to the lookup result.
 605
 606        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 607               The location of the Postfix top-level queue  direc-
 608               tory.
 609
 610        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> (empty)</b>
 611               The separator between user names and address exten-
 612               sions (user+foo).
 613
 614        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#require_home_directory">require_home_directory</a> (no)</b>
 615               Require that a <a href="local.8.html"><b>local</b>(8)</a> recipient's home  directory
 616               exists before mail delivery is attempted.
 617
 618        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
 619               The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
 620
 621        <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
 622               The  mail  system  name  that  is  prepended to the
 623               process name in syslog  records,  so  that  "smtpd"
 624               becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd".
 625
 626 <b>FILES</b>
 627        The following are examples; details differ between systems.
 628        $HOME/.forward, per-user aliasing
 629        /etc/aliases, system-wide alias database
 630        /var/spool/mail, system mailboxes
 631
 632 <b>SEE ALSO</b>
 633        <a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a>, queue manager
 634        <a href="bounce.8.html">bounce(8)</a>, delivery status reports
 635        <a href="newaliases.1.html">newaliases(1)</a>, create/update alias database
 636        <a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a>, create/update alias database
 637        <a href="aliases.5.html">aliases(5)</a>, format of alias database
 638        <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
 639        <a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, generic daemon options
 640        syslogd(8), system logging
 641
 642 <b>LICENSE</b>
 643        The  Secure  Mailer  license must be distributed with this
 644        software.
 645
 646 <b>HISTORY</b>
 647        The <b>Delivered-To:</b> message header appears in the <b>qmail</b> sys-
 648        tem by Daniel Bernstein.
 649
 650        The  <i>maildir</i>  structure  appears  in  the  <b>qmail</b> system by
 651        Daniel Bernstein.
 652
 653 <b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
 654        Wietse Venema
 655        IBM T.J. Watson Research
 656        P.O. Box 704
 657        Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
 658
 659                                                                       LOCAL(8)
 660 </pre> </body> </html>