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5 <title> Postfix manual - trivial-rewrite(
8)
</title>
7 TRIVIAL-REWRITE(
8) TRIVIAL-REWRITE(
8)
10 trivial-rewrite - Postfix address rewriting and resolving
14 <b>trivial-rewrite
</b> [generic Postfix daemon options]
17 The
<a href=
"trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite
</b>(
8)
</a> daemon processes three types of
18 client service requests:
20 <b>rewrite
</b> <i>context address
</i>
21 Rewrite an address to standard form, according to
22 the address rewriting context:
24 <b>local
</b> Append the domain names specified with
<b>$
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#myorigin">myo
</a>-
</b>
25 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#myorigin">rigin
</a></b> or
<b>$
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain
</a></b> to incomplete addresses;
26 do
<b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#swap_bangpath">swap_bangpath
</a></b> and
<b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#allow_percent_hack">allow_percent_hack
</a></b> pro-
27 cessing as described below, and strip source
28 routed addresses (
<i>@site,@site:user@domain
</i>)
29 to
<i>user@domain
</i> form.
31 <b>remote
</b> Append the domain name specified with
32 <b>$
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_rewrite_domain
</a></b> to incomplete
33 addresses. Otherwise the result is identical
34 to that of the
<b>local
</b> address rewriting con-
35 text. This prevents Postfix from appending
36 the
<a href=
"ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html#local_domain_class">local domain
</a> to spam from poorly written
39 <b>resolve
</b> <i>sender address
</i>
40 Resolve the address to a (
<i>transport
</i>,
<i>nexthop
</i>,
41 <i>recipient
</i>,
<i>flags
</i>) quadruple. The meaning of the
42 results is as follows:
45 The delivery agent to use. This is the first
46 field of an entry in the
<a href=
"master.5.html"><b>master.cf
</b></a> file.
49 The host to send to and optional delivery
53 The envelope recipient address that is
54 passed on to
<i>nexthop
</i>.
56 <i>flags
</i> The address class, whether the address
57 requires relaying, whether the address has
58 problems, and whether the request failed.
60 <b>verify
</b> <i>sender address
</i>
61 Resolve the address for address verification pur-
64 <b>SERVER PROCESS MANAGEMENT
</b>
65 The
<a href=
"trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite
</b>(
8)
</a> servers run under control by the
66 Postfix master server. Each server can handle multiple
67 simultaneous connections. When all servers are busy while
68 a client connects, the master creates a new server
69 process, provided that the trivial-rewrite server process
70 limit is not exceeded. Each trivial-rewrite server termi-
71 nates after serving at least
<b>$
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use
</a></b> clients of after
72 <b>$
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle
</a></b> seconds of idle time.
75 None. The command does not interact with the outside
79 The
<a href=
"trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite
</b>(
8)
</a> daemon is not security sensitive.
80 By default, this daemon does not talk to remote or local
81 users. It can run at a fixed low privilege in a chrooted
85 Problems and transactions are logged to
<b>syslogd
</b>(
8).
87 <b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
</b>
88 On busy mail systems a long time may pass before a
<a href=
"postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf
</b></a>
89 change affecting
<a href=
"trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite
</b>(
8)
</a> is picked up. Use the
90 command
"<b>postfix reload</b>" to speed up a change.
92 The text below provides only a parameter summary. See
93 <a href=
"postconf.5.html"><b>postconf
</b>(
5)
</a> for more details including examples.
95 <b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS
</b>
96 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#resolve_dequoted_address">resolve_dequoted_address
</a> (yes)
</b>
97 Resolve a recipient address safely instead of cor-
98 rectly, by looking inside quotes.
100 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#resolve_null_domain">resolve_null_domain
</a> (no)
</b>
101 Resolve an address that ends in the
"@" null domain
102 as if the local hostname were specified, instead of
103 rejecting the address as invalid.
105 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#resolve_numeric_domain">resolve_numeric_domain
</a> (no)
</b>
106 Resolve
"user@ipaddress" as
"user@[ipaddress]",
107 instead of rejecting the address as invalid.
109 Available with Postfix version
2.5 and later:
111 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#allow_min_user">allow_min_user
</a> (no)
</b>
112 Allow a sender or recipient address to have `-' as
115 <b>ADDRESS REWRITING CONTROLS
</b>
116 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin
</a> ($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname
</a>)
</b>
117 The domain name that locally-posted mail appears to
118 come from, and that locally posted mail is deliv-
121 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#allow_percent_hack">allow_percent_hack
</a> (yes)
</b>
122 Enable the rewriting of the form
"user%domain" to
125 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#append_at_myorigin">append_at_myorigin
</a> (yes)
</b>
126 With locally submitted mail, append the string
127 "@$<a href="postconf
.5.html#myorigin
">myorigin</a>" to mail addresses without domain
130 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#append_dot_mydomain">append_dot_mydomain
</a> (yes)
</b>
131 With locally submitted mail, append the string
132 ".$<a href="postconf
.5.html#mydomain
">mydomain</a>" to addresses that have no
".domain"
135 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter
</a> (empty)
</b>
136 The separator between user names and address exten-
139 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#swap_bangpath">swap_bangpath
</a> (yes)
</b>
140 Enable the rewriting of
"site!user" into
143 Available in Postfix
2.2 and later:
145 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_rewrite_domain
</a> (empty)
</b>
146 Don't rewrite message headers from remote clients
147 at all when this parameter is empty; otherwise, re-
148 write message headers and append the specified
149 domain name to incomplete addresses.
151 <b>ROUTING CONTROLS
</b>
152 The following is applicable to Postfix version
2.0 and
153 later. Earlier versions do not have support for:
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">vir
</a>-
154 <a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">tual_transport
</a>,
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport
</a>,
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_alias_domains">virtual_alias_domains
</a>,
155 <a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains
</a> or
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces
</a>.
157 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport
</a> (
<a href=
"local.8.html">local
</a>:$
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname
</a>)
</b>
158 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop
159 destination for final delivery to domains listed
160 with
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination
</a>, and for [ipaddress] destina-
161 tions that match $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces
</a> or $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_inter
</a>-
162 <a href=
"postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">faces
</a>.
164 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport
</a> (virtual)
</b>
165 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop
166 destination for final delivery to domains listed
167 with $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains
</a>.
169 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport
</a> (relay)
</b>
170 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop
171 destination for remote delivery to domains listed
172 with $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains
</a>.
174 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport
</a> (smtp)
</b>
175 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop
176 destination for destinations that do not match
177 $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination
</a>, $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces
</a>, $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_inter
</a>-
178 <a href=
"postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">faces
</a>, $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_alias_domains">virtual_alias_domains
</a>, $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mail-
179 box_domains
</a>, or $
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains
</a>.
181 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#parent_domain_matches_subdomains">parent_domain_matches_subdomains
</a> (see 'postconf -d' out-
</b>
183 What Postfix features match subdomains of
184 "domain.tld" automatically, instead of requiring an
185 explicit
".domain.tld" pattern.
187 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost
</a> (empty)
</b>
188 The next-hop destination of non-local mail; over-
189 rides non-
<a href=
"ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html#local_domain_class">local domains
</a> in recipient addresses.
191 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps
</a> (empty)
</b>
192 Optional lookup tables with mappings from recipient
193 address to (message delivery transport, next-hop
196 Available in Postfix version
2.3 and later:
198 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps
</a> (empty)
</b>
199 A sender-dependent override for the global
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relayhost">relay
</a>-
200 <a href=
"postconf.5.html#relayhost">host
</a> parameter setting.
202 Available in Postfix version
2.5 and later:
204 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#empty_address_relayhost_maps_lookup_key">empty_address_relayhost_maps_lookup_key
</a> (
</b><><b>)
</b>
205 The
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps
</a> search string
206 that will be used instead of the null sender
209 Available in Postfix version
2.7 and later:
211 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#empty_address_default_transport_maps_lookup_key">empty_address_default_transport_maps_lookup_key
</a> (
</b><><b>)
</b>
212 The
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps
</a> search
213 string that will be used instead of the null sender
216 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps
</a> (empty)
</b>
217 A sender-dependent override for the global
218 <a href=
"postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport
</a> parameter setting.
220 <b>ADDRESS VERIFICATION CONTROLS
</b>
221 Postfix version
2.1 introduces sender and recipient
222 address verification. This feature is implemented by
223 sending probe email messages that are not actually deliv-
224 ered. By default, address verification probes use the
225 same route as regular mail. To override specific aspects
226 of message routing for address verification probes, spec-
227 ify one or more of the following:
229 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_local_transport">address_verify_local_transport
</a> ($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport
</a>)
</b>
230 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport
</a> parameter setting for
231 address verification probes.
233 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_virtual_transport">address_verify_virtual_transport
</a> ($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport
</a>)
</b>
234 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport
</a> parameter setting
235 for address verification probes.
237 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_relay_transport">address_verify_relay_transport
</a> ($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport
</a>)
</b>
238 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport
</a> parameter setting for
239 address verification probes.
241 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_default_transport">address_verify_default_transport
</a> ($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport
</a>)
</b>
242 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport
</a> parameter setting
243 for address verification probes.
245 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_relayhost">address_verify_relayhost
</a> ($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost
</a>)
</b>
246 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost
</a> parameter setting for
247 address verification probes.
249 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_transport_maps">address_verify_transport_maps
</a> ($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps
</a>)
</b>
250 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps
</a> parameter setting for
251 address verification probes.
253 Available in Postfix version
2.3 and later:
255 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps
</a></b>
256 <b>($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps
</a>)
</b>
257 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps
</a>
258 parameter setting for address verification probes.
260 Available in Postfix version
2.7 and later:
262 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps
</a></b>
263 <b>($
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps
</a>)
</b>
264 Overrides the
<a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_trans
</a>-
265 <a href=
"postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">port_maps
</a> parameter setting for address verifica-
268 <b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS
</b>
269 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory
</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)
</b>
270 The default location of the Postfix
<a href=
"postconf.5.html">main.cf
</a> and
271 <a href=
"master.5.html">master.cf
</a> configuration files.
273 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#daemon_timeout">daemon_timeout
</a> (
18000s)
</b>
274 How much time a Postfix daemon process may take to
275 handle a request before it is terminated by a
276 built-in watchdog timer.
278 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#empty_address_recipient">empty_address_recipient
</a> (MAILER-DAEMON)
</b>
279 The recipient of mail addressed to the null
282 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#ipc_timeout">ipc_timeout
</a> (
3600s)
</b>
283 The time limit for sending or receiving information
284 over an internal communication channel.
286 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle
</a> (
100s)
</b>
287 The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix
288 daemon process waits for an incoming connection
289 before terminating voluntarily.
291 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use
</a> (
100)
</b>
292 The maximal number of incoming connections that a
293 Postfix daemon process will service before termi-
296 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#relocated_maps">relocated_maps
</a> (empty)
</b>
297 Optional lookup tables with new contact information
298 for users or domains that no longer exist.
300 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id
</a> (read-only)
</b>
301 The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon
304 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name
</a> (read-only)
</b>
305 The process name of a Postfix command or daemon
308 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory
</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)
</b>
309 The location of the Postfix top-level queue direc-
312 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#show_user_unknown_table_name">show_user_unknown_table_name
</a> (yes)
</b>
313 Display the name of the recipient table in the
314 "User unknown" responses.
316 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility
</a> (mail)
</b>
317 The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
319 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name
</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)
</b>
320 The mail system name that is prepended to the
321 process name in syslog records, so that
"smtpd"
322 becomes, for example,
"postfix/smtpd".
324 Available in Postfix version
2.0 and later:
326 <b><a href=
"postconf.5.html#helpful_warnings">helpful_warnings
</a> (yes)
</b>
327 Log warnings about problematic configuration set-
328 tings, and provide helpful suggestions.
331 <a href=
"postconf.5.html">postconf(
5)
</a>, configuration parameters
332 <a href=
"transport.5.html">transport(
5)
</a>, transport table format
333 <a href=
"relocated.5.html">relocated(
5)
</a>, format of the
"user has moved" table
334 <a href=
"master.8.html">master(
8)
</a>, process manager
335 syslogd(
8), system logging
338 <a href=
"ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html">ADDRESS_CLASS_README
</a>, Postfix address classes howto
339 <a href=
"ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README.html">ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README
</a>, Postfix address verification
342 The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
347 IBM T.J. Watson Research
349 Yorktown Heights, NY
10598, USA
352 </pre> </body> </html>