Help/UGens/Tour_of_UGens.html

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  44 <p class="p1"><b>Signal Processing</b> in SuperCollider</p>
  45 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  46 <p class="p3"><b>1. A Tour of available Unit Generators.</b></p>
  47 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>SuperCollider has over 250 unit generators.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
  48 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>If you count the unary and binary operators, there are over 300.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
  49 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>This tour covers many, but not all of them.</p>
  50 <p class="p2"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span></p>
  51 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>categories of unit generators:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
  52 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>sources: periodic, aperiodic<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
  53 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>filters</p>
  54 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>distortion<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
  55 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>panning</p>
  56 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>reverbs</p>
  57 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>delays and buffer ugens</p>
  58 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>granular synthesis</p>
  59 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>control: envelopes, triggers, counters, gates, lags, decays</p>
  60 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>spectral<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
  61 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  62 <p class="p3"><b>2. Techniques<span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></b></p>
  63 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>broadening a sound:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
  64 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>decorrelation, beat frequencies, delays.</p>
  65 <p class="p3"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>series and parallel structures.</p>
  66 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  67 <p class="p3"><i>Note:</i> The "Help browser" (<span class="s1">Help</span><span class="s2">.gui</span>) contains a category for UGens, which provides another useful way to get an overview of the available UGens, including those which were created since this tour was written.</p>
  68 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  69 <p class="p4">(</p>
  70 <p class="p4">s = <span class="s3">Server</span>.internal;</p>
  71 <p class="p4"><span class="s3">Server</span>.default = s;</p>
  72 <p class="p4">s.boot;</p>
  73 <p class="p4">)</p>
  74 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  75 <p class="p3"><b>Periodic Sources: Oscillators.</b></p>
  76 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  77 <p class="p3"><b>LF - "Low Frequency" Unit Generators.</b></p>
  78 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  79 <p class="p3">LFPar, LFCub, LFTri, Impulse, LFSaw, LFPulse, VarSaw, SyncSaw</p>
  80 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  81 <p class="p3">geometric waveforms, not band limited.</p>
  82 <p class="p3">will cause aliasing at higher frequencies.</p>
  83 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  84 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  85 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/LFPar.html">LFPar</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Oscillators/LFCub.html"><span class="s4">LFCub</span></a>, <a href="Oscillators/LFTri.html"><span class="s4">LFTri</span></a>, <a href="Oscillators/LFSaw.html"><span class="s4">LFSaw</span></a>, <a href="Oscillators/Impulse.html"><span class="s4">Impulse</span></a></span></p>
  86 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>frequency, phase, mul, add</p>
  87 <p class="p2"><br></p>
  88 <p class="p6">// parabolic approximation of sine</p>
  89 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFPar</span>.kr(<span class="s3">LFPar</span>.kr(0.2,0,8,10),0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
  90 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFPar</span>.kr(0.2, 0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
  91 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(800,0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
  92 <p class="p6">// since it is not band limited, there are aliasing artifacts</p>
  93 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
  94 <p class="p7"><br></p>
  95 <p class="p6">// cubic approximation of sine</p>
  96 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFCub</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFCub</span>.kr(<span class="s3">LFCub</span>.kr(0.2,0,8,10),0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
  97 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFCub</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFCub</span>.kr(0.2, 0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
  98 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFCub</span>.ar(800,0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
  99 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFCub</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 100 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 101 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 102 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFTri</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(0.2,0,8,10),0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 103 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFTri</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(0.2, 0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 104 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFTri</span>.ar(800,0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 105 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFTri</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 106 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 107 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 108 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.kr(<span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.kr(0.2,0,8,10),0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 109 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.kr(0.2, 0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 110 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.ar(100,0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 111 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 112 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 113 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 114 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(0.2,0,8,10),0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 115 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(0.2, 0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 116 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(100,0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 117 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 118 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 119 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/LFPulse.html">LFPulse</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Oscillators/VarSaw.html"><span class="s4">VarSaw</span></a></span></p>
 120 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>frequency, phase, width, mul, add</p>
 121 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 122 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.kr(<span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.kr(0.2,0,0.5,8,10),0,0.5, 400,800),0,0.5,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 123 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.kr(3, 0, 0.3, 200, 200), 0, 0.2, 0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 124 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.5,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 125 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 126 <p class="p6">// pulse width modulation</p>
 127 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.ar(100,0,<span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(0,1),0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 128 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.ar(100,0,<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(0.2,0,0.5,0.5),0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 129 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 130 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 131 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.kr(<span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.kr(0.2,0,0.2,8,10),0,0.2, 400,800),0,0.2,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 132 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.kr(0.2, 0, 0.2, 400,800),0,0.2,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 133 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.2,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 134 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 135 <p class="p6">// pulse width modulation</p>
 136 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.ar(100,0,<span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(0,1),0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 137 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.ar(100,0,<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(0.2,0,0.5,0.5),0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 138 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 139 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/SyncSaw.html">SyncSaw</a></span></p>
 140 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>syncFreq, sawFreq, mul, add</p>
 141 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 142 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SyncSaw</span>.ar(100, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(100, 1000), 0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 143 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SyncSaw</span>.ar(100, <span class="s3">Line</span>.kr(100, 800, 12), 0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 144 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 145 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 146 <p class="p3"><b>Band Limited Oscillators</b></p>
 147 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 148 <p class="p3">SinOsc, FSinOsc, Blip, Saw, Pulse</p>
 149 <p class="p3">will not alias.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 150 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 151 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/SinOsc.html">SinOsc</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Oscillators/FSinOsc.html"><span class="s4">FSinOsc</span></a></span></p>
 152 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>frequency, phase, mul, add</p>
 153 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 154 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.kr(<span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.kr(0.2,0,8,10),0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 155 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.kr(0.2, 0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 156 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(800,0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 157 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 158 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 159 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(800,0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 160 <p class="p6">// FSinOsc should not be frequency modulated.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 161 <p class="p6">// Since it is based on a filter at the edge of stability, it will blow up:</p>
 162 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.kr(<span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.kr(0.2,0,8,10),0, 400,800),0,0.1) }.scope(1, zoom: 4);</p>
 163 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 164 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/Blip.html">Blip</a></span></p>
 165 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>frequency, numHarmonics, mul, add</p>
 166 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 167 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Blip</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(20000,200,6),100,0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 168 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Blip</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),100,0.2) }.scope(1); <span class="s6">// no aliasing</span></p>
 169 <p class="p6">// modulate number of harmonics</p>
 170 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Blip</span>.ar(200,<span class="s3">Line</span>.kr(1,100,20),0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 171 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 172 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/Saw.html">Saw</a></span></p>
 173 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>frequency, mul, add</p>
 174 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 175 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(20000,200,6),0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 176 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0.2) }.scope(1); <span class="s6">// no aliasing</span></p>
 177 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 178 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/Pulse.html">Pulse</a></span></p>
 179 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>frequency, width, mul, add</p>
 180 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 181 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Pulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(20000,200,6),0.3,0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 182 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Pulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,15000,6),0.3,0.2) }.scope(1); <span class="s6">// no aliasing</span></p>
 183 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 184 <p class="p6">// modulate pulse width</p>
 185 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Pulse</span>.ar(200, <span class="s3">Line</span>.kr(0.01,0.99,8), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 186 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 187 <p class="p6">// two band limited square waves thru a resonant low pass filter</p>
 188 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">RLPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Pulse</span>.ar([100,250],0.5,0.1), <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(8000,400,5), 0.05) }.scope(1);</p>
 189 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 190 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Oscillators/Klang.html">Klang</a></span> - sine oscillator bank</p>
 191 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>`[ frequencies, amplitudes, phases ], mul, add</p>
 192 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 193 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klang</span>.ar(`[ [800, 1000, 1200],[0.3, 0.3, 0.3],[pi,pi,pi]], 1, 0) * 0.4}.scope(1);</p>
 194 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 195 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klang</span>.ar(`[ {exprand(400, 2000)}.dup(16), <span class="s3">nil</span>, <span class="s3">nil</span> ], 1, 0) * 0.04 }.scope(1);</p>
 196 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 197 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 198 <p class="p3"><b>Table Oscillators</b></p>
 199 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 200 <p class="p3">Osc, COsc, VOsc, VOsc3</p>
 201 <p class="p3">Use a buffer allocated on the server.</p>
 202 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 203 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/Osc.html">Osc</a></span></p>
 204 <p class="p3">arguments: buffer number, frequency, phase, mul, add.</p>
 205 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 206 <p class="p4">(</p>
 207 <p class="p4">b = <span class="s3">Buffer</span>.alloc(s, 2048, 1, bufnum: 80);</p>
 208 <p class="p4">b.sine1(1.0/(1..6), <span class="s3">true</span>, <span class="s3">true</span>, <span class="s3">true</span>);</p>
 209 <p class="p4">)</p>
 210 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 211 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Osc</span>.ar(80, 100, 0, 0.1) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 212 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 213 <p class="p4">b.sine1(1.0/(1..12));</p>
 214 <p class="p4">b.sine1(1.0/(1..24));</p>
 215 <p class="p4">b.sine1(1.0/(1..32));</p>
 216 <p class="p4">b.sine1([1.0/(1,3..12), 0].flop.flat.postln);</p>
 217 <p class="p4">b.sine1([1.0/(1,3..32).squared, 0].flop.flat.postln);</p>
 218 <p class="p4">b.sine1((1.dup(4) ++ 0.dup(8)).scramble.postln);</p>
 219 <p class="p4">b.sine1((1.dup(4) ++ 0.dup(8)).scramble.postln);</p>
 220 <p class="p4">b.sine1((1.dup(4) ++ 0.dup(8)).scramble.postln);</p>
 221 <p class="p4">b.sine1((1.dup(4) ++ 0.dup(8)).scramble.postln);</p>
 222 <p class="p4">b.sine1({1.0.rand2.cubed}.dup(8).round(1e-3).postln);</p>
 223 <p class="p4">b.sine1({1.0.rand2.cubed}.dup(12).round(1e-3).postln);</p>
 224 <p class="p4">b.sine1({1.0.rand2.cubed}.dup(16).round(1e-3).postln);</p>
 225 <p class="p4">b.sine1({1.0.rand2.cubed}.dup(24).round(1e-3).postln);</p>
 226 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 227 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Oscillators/COsc.html">COsc</a></span> - two oscillators, detuned</p>
 228 <p class="p3">arguments: buffer number, frequency, beat frequency, mul, add.</p>
 229 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 230 <p class="p4">b.sine1(1.0/(1..6), <span class="s3">true</span>, <span class="s3">true</span>, <span class="s3">true</span>);</p>
 231 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 232 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">COsc</span>.ar(80, 100, 1, 0.1) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 233 <p class="p6">// change buffer as above.</p>
 234 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 235 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 236 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Oscillators/VOsc.html">VOsc</a></span> - multiple wave table crossfade oscillators</p>
 237 <p class="p3">arguments: buffer number, frequency, phase, mul, add.</p>
 238 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 239 <p class="p4">(</p>
 240 <p class="p6">// allocate tables 80 to 87</p>
 241 <p class="p4">8.do {<span class="s3">|i|</span> s.sendMsg(<span class="s8">\b_alloc</span>, 80+i, 1024); };</p>
 242 <p class="p4">)</p>
 243 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 244 <p class="p4">(</p>
 245 <p class="p6">// fill tables 80 to 87</p>
 246 <p class="p4">8.do({<span class="s3">|i|</span></p>
 247 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> n, a;</p>
 248 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// generate array of harmonic amplitudes</p>
 249 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>n = (i+1)**2; </span>// num harmonics for each table: [1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64]</p>
 250 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>a = {<span class="s3">|j|</span> ((n-j)/n).squared }.dup(n);</p>
 251 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// fill table</p>
 252 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>s.listSendMsg([<span class="s8">\b_gen</span>, 80+i, <span class="s8">\sine1</span>, 7] ++ a);</p>
 253 <p class="p4">});</p>
 254 <p class="p4">)</p>
 255 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 256 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(80,87), 120, 0, 0.3) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 257 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 258 <p class="p4">(</p>
 259 <p class="p6">// allocate and fill tables 80 to 87</p>
 260 <p class="p4">8.do({<span class="s3">|i|</span></p>
 261 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// generate array of harmonic amplitudes</p>
 262 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>a = {1.0.rand2.cubed }.dup((i+1)*4);</p>
 263 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// fill table</p>
 264 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>s.listSendMsg([<span class="s8">\b_gen</span>, 80+i, <span class="s8">\sine1</span>, 7] ++ a);</p>
 265 <p class="p4">});</p>
 266 <p class="p4">)</p>
 267 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 268 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Oscillators/VOsc3.html">VOsc3</a></span> - three VOscs summed.</p>
 269 <p class="p3">arguments: buffer number, freq1, freq2, freq3, beat frequency, mul, add.</p>
 270 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 271 <p class="p6">// chorusing</p>
 272 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VOsc3</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(80,87), 120, 121.04, 119.37, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 273 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 274 <p class="p6">// chords</p>
 275 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VOsc3</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(80,87), 120, 151.13, 179.42, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 276 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 277 <p class="p3"><b>Aperiodic Sources: Noise.</b></p>
 278 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 279 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 280 <p class="p3">LF "Low Frequency" Noise Generators.</p>
 281 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 282 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Noise/LFNoise0.html">LFNoise0</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Noise/LFNoise1.html"><span class="s4">LFNoise1</span></a>, <a href="Noise/LFNoise2.html"><span class="s4">LFNoise2</span></a>, <a href="Noise/LFClipNoise.html"><span class="s4">LFClipNoise</span></a></span></p>
 283 <p class="p3">arguments: frequency, mul, add</p>
 284 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 285 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFClipNoise</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(200, 10000, 1), 0.125) }.scope(1);</p>
 286 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFNoise0</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(200, 10000, 1), 0.25) }.scope(1);</p>
 287 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFNoise1</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(200, 10000, 1), 0.25) }.scope(1);</p>
 288 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFNoise2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(200, 10000, 1), 0.25) }.scope(1);</p>
 289 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 290 <p class="p6">// used as controls</p>
 291 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFClipNoise</span>.kr(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.5, 64, 1), 200, 400), 0, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:8);</p>
 292 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFNoise0</span>.kr(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.5, 64, 1), 200, 400), 0, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:8);</p>
 293 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFNoise1</span>.kr(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.5, 64, 1), 200, 400), 0, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:8);</p>
 294 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LFPar</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFNoise2</span>.kr(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.5, 64, 1), 200, 400), 0, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:8);</p>
 295 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 296 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 297 <p class="p3">Broad Spectrum Noise Generators</p>
 298 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 299 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Noise/ClipNoise.html">ClipNoise</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Noise/WhiteNoise.html"><span class="s4">WhiteNoise</span></a>, <a href="Noise/PinkNoise.html"><span class="s4">PinkNoise</span></a>, <a href="Noise/BrownNoise.html"><span class="s4">BrownNoise</span></a>, <a href="Noise/GrayNoise.html"><span class="s4">GrayNoise</span></a></span></p>
 300 <p class="p3">arguments: mul, add</p>
 301 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 302 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">ClipNoise</span>.ar(0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 303 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 304 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">PinkNoise</span>.ar(0.4) }.scope(1);</p>
 305 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar(0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 306 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">GrayNoise</span>.ar(0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 307 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 308 <p class="p3">Impulse Noise Generators</p>
 309 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 310 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Noise/Dust.html">Dust</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Noise/Dust2.html"><span class="s4">Dust2</span></a></span></p>
 311 <p class="p3">arguments: density, mul, add</p>
 312 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 313 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1,10000,1), 0.4) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 314 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Dust2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1,10000,1), 0.4) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 315 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 316 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 317 <p class="p3">Chaotic Noise Generators</p>
 318 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 319 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Noise/Crackle.html">Crackle</a></span></p>
 320 <p class="p3">arguments: chaosParam, mul, add</p>
 321 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 322 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Crackle</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1,2), 0.5) }.scope(1);</p>
 323 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 324 <p class="p3"><b>Filters</b></p>
 325 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 326 <p class="p3">Low Pass, High Pass</p>
 327 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 328 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Filters/LPF.html">LPF</a></span>, <a href="Filters/HPF.html"><span class="s9">HPF</span></a> - 12 dB / octave</p>
 329 <p class="p3">arguments: in, freq, mul, add</p>
 330 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 331 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 332 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">HPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 333 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(100), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 334 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">HPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(100), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 335 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 336 <p class="p3">Band Pass, Band Cut</p>
 337 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 338 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Filters/BPF.html">BPF</a></span>, <a href="Filters/BRF.html"><span class="s9">BRF</span></a> - 12 dB / octave</p>
 339 <p class="p3">arguments: in, freq, rq, mul, add</p>
 340 <p class="p3">rq is the reciprocal of the Q of the filter,</p>
 341 <p class="p3">or in other words: the bandwidth in Hertz = rq * freq.</p>
 342 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 343 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">BPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.4, 0.4) }.scope(1);</p>
 344 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">BRF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.4, 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 345 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">BPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(100), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.4, 0.4) }.scope(1);</p>
 346 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">BRF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(100), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.4, 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 347 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 348 <p class="p6">// modulating the bandwidth</p>
 349 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">BPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">3000</span>, MouseX.kr(0.01,0.7,1), 0.4) }.scope(1);</p>
 350 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 351 <p class="p3">Resonant Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass</p>
 352 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 353 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Filters/RLPF.html">RLPF</a></span>, <a href="Filters/RHPF.html"><span class="s9">RHPF</span></a> - 12 dB / octave</p>
 354 <p class="p3">arguments: in, freq, rq, mul, add</p>
 355 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 356 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">RLPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2, 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 357 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">RHPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2, 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 358 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">RLPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(100), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2, 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 359 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">RHPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(100), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1e2,2e4,1), 0.2, 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 360 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 361 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Filters/Resonz.html">Resonz</a></span> - resonant band pass filter with uniform amplitude</p>
 362 <p class="p3">arguments: in, freq, rq, mul, add</p>
 363 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 364 <p class="p6">// modulate frequency</p>
 365 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Resonz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.5), <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(1000,8000,10), 0.05) }.scope(1);</p>
 366 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 367 <p class="p6">// modulate bandwidth</p>
 368 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Resonz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.5), 2000, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(1, 0.001, 8)) }.scope(1);</p>
 369 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 370 <p class="p6">// modulate bandwidth opposite direction</p>
 371 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Resonz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.5), 2000, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.001, 1, 8)) }.scope(1);</p>
 372 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 373 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Filters/Ringz.html">Ringz</a></span> - ringing filter.</p>
 374 <p class="p3">Internally it is the same as Resonz but the bandwidth is expressed as a ring time.</p>
 375 <p class="p3">arguments: in, frequency, ring time, mul, add</p>
 376 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 377 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Ringz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(3, 0.3), 2000, 2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 378 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 379 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Ringz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.005), 2000, 0.5) }.scope(1);</p>
 380 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 381 <p class="p6">// modulate frequency</p>
 382 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Ringz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.005), <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,3000,10), 0.5) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 383 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 384 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Ringz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(6, 0, 0.3),<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span><span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(100,3000,10), 0.5) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 385 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 386 <p class="p6">// modulate ring time</p>
 387 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Ringz</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(6, 0, 0.3), 2000, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.04, 4, 8)) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 388 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 389 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 390 <p class="p3">Simpler Filters</p>
 391 <p class="p3">6 dB / octave</p>
 392 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 393 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">OnePole</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.5), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-0.99, 0.99)) }.scope(1);</p>
 394 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">OneZero</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.5), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-0.49, 0.49)) }.scope(1);</p>
 395 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 396 <p class="p3">NonLinear Filters</p>
 397 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Filters/Median.html">Median</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Synth control/Slew.html"><span class="s10">Slew</span></a></span></p>
 398 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 399 <p class="p6">// a signal with impulse noise.</p>
 400 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(500, 0.1) + <span class="s3">Dust2</span>.ar(100, 0.9) }.scope(1);</p>
 401 <p class="p6">// after applying median filter</p>
 402 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Median</span>.ar(3, <span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(500, 0.1) + <span class="s3">Dust2</span>.ar(100, 0.9)) }.scope(1);</p>
 403 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 404 <p class="p6">// a signal with impulse noise.</p>
 405 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(500, 0.1) + <span class="s3">Dust2</span>.ar(100, 0.9) }.scope(1);</p>
 406 <p class="p6">// after applying slew rate limiter</p>
 407 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Slew</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Saw</span>.ar(500, 0.1) + <span class="s3">Dust2</span>.ar(100, 0.9),1000,1000) }.scope(1);</p>
 408 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 409 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 410 <p class="p3">Formant Filter<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 411 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Filters/Formlet.html">Formlet</a></span> - A filter whose impulse response is similar to a FOF grain.</p>
 412 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 413 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Formlet</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(2,300,1), 0, 0.4), 800, 0.01, 0.1) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 414 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 415 <p class="p3">Klank - resonant filter bank</p>
 416 <p class="p3">arguments:<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>`[ frequencies, amplitudes, ring times ], mul, add</p>
 417 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 418 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], <span class="s3">nil</span>, [1, 1, 1, 1]], <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(2, 0, 0.1)) }.play;</p>
 419 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 420 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], <span class="s3">nil</span>, [1, 1, 1, 1]], <span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(8, 0.1)) }.play;</p>
 421 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 422 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], <span class="s3">nil</span>, [1, 1, 1, 1]], <span class="s3">PinkNoise</span>.ar(0.007)) }.play;</p>
 423 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 424 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[ {exprand(200, 4000)}.dup(12), <span class="s3">nil</span>, <span class="s3">nil</span> ], <span class="s3">PinkNoise</span>.ar(0.007)) }.scope(1);</p>
 425 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 426 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[ (1..13)*200, <span class="s3">1/</span>(1..13), <span class="s3">nil</span> ], <span class="s3">PinkNoise</span>.ar(0.01)) }.scope(1);</p>
 427 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 428 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[ (1,3..13)*200, <span class="s3">1/</span>(1,3..13), <span class="s3">nil</span> ], <span class="s3">PinkNoise</span>.ar(0.01)) }.scope(1);</p>
 429 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 430 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 431 <p class="p3"><b>Distortion</b></p>
 432 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 433 <p class="p3">abs, max, squared, cubed</p>
 434 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 435 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">0.2</span>) }.scope(1);</p>
 436 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">0.2</span>).abs }.scope(1);</p>
 437 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">0.2</span>).max(0) }.scope(1);</p>
 438 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0).squared * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 439 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0).cubed * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 440 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 441 <p class="p3">distort, softclip, clip2, fold2, wrap2,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 442 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 443 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,80,1)).distort * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 444 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,80,1)).softclip * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 445 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,80,1)).clip2(1) * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 446 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,80,1)).fold2(1) * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 447 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,80,1)).wrap2(1) * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 448 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,80,1)).wrap2(1) * 0.2 }.scope(1);</p>
 449 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 450 <p class="p3">scaleneg</p>
 451 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 452 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(200, 0, <span class="s3">0.2</span>).scaleneg(<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1)) }.scope(1);</p>
 453 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 454 <p class="p3">waveshaping by phase modulating a 0 Hz sine oscillator</p>
 455 <p class="p3">(currently there is a limit of 8pi)</p>
 456 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 457 <p class="p4">(</p>
 458 <p class="p4">{<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 459 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in;</p>
 460 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(300, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,8pi,1));</p>
 461 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">SinOsc</span><span class="s5">.ar(0, in, 0.2); </span>// 0 Hz sine oscillator</p>
 462 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 463 <p class="p4">)</p>
 464 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 465 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Oscillators/Shaper.html">Shaper</a></span><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
 466 <p class="p3">input is used to look up a value in a table.</p>
 467 <p class="p3">Chebyshev polynomials are typically used to fill the table.</p>
 468 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 469 <p class="p9"><span class="s11"><img src="attachments/Tour_of_UGens/chebyshevpolynomials.png" alt="attachments/Tour_of_UGens/chebyshevpolynomials.png"></span></p>
 470 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 471 <p class="p4">s.sendMsg(<span class="s8">\b_alloc</span>, 80, 1024); <span class="s6">// allocate table</span></p>
 472 <p class="p6">// fill with chebyshevs</p>
 473 <p class="p4">s.listSendMsg([<span class="s8">\b_gen</span>, 80, <span class="s8">\cheby</span>, 7] ++ {1.0.rand2.squared}.dup(6));</p>
 474 <p class="p10"><br></p>
 475 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Shaper</span>.ar(80, <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(600, 0, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,1))) * 0.3; }.scope(1);</p>
 476 <p class="p10"><br></p>
 477 <p class="p4">s.listSendMsg([<span class="s8">\b_gen</span>, 80, <span class="s8">\cheby</span>, 7] ++ {1.0.rand2.squared}.dup(6));</p>
 478 <p class="p4">s.listSendMsg([<span class="s8">\b_gen</span>, 80, <span class="s8">\cheby</span>, 7] ++ {1.0.rand2.squared}.dup(6));</p>
 479 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 480 <p class="p3"><b>Panning</b></p>
 481 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 482 <p class="p4">(</p>
 483 <p class="p4">s = <span class="s3">Server</span>.internal;</p>
 484 <p class="p4"><span class="s3">Server</span>.default = s;</p>
 485 <p class="p4">s.quit;</p>
 486 <p class="p4">s.options.numOutputBusChannels = 8;</p>
 487 <p class="p4">s.options.numInputBusChannels = 8;</p>
 488 <p class="p4">s.boot;</p>
 489 <p class="p4">)</p>
 490 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 491 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Multichannel/Panners/Pan2.html">Pan2</a></span> - equal power stereo pan a mono source</p>
 492 <p class="p3">arguments: in, pan position, level</p>
 493 <p class="p3">pan controls typically range from -1 to +1</p>
 494 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 495 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Pan2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), 0.3) }.scope(2);</p>
 496 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Pan2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.kr(0.2), 0.3) }.scope(2);</p>
 497 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 498 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Multichannel/Panners/LinPan2.html">LinPan2</a></span> - linear pan a mono source (not equal power)</p>
 499 <p class="p3">arguments: in, pan position, level</p>
 500 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 501 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LinPan2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), 0.3) }.scope(2);</p>
 502 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LinPan2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.kr(0.2), 0.3) }.scope(2);</p>
 503 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 504 <p class="p3">Balance2 - balance a stereo source</p>
 505 <p class="p3">arguments: left in, right in, pan position, level</p>
 506 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 507 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Balance2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), 0.3) }.scope(2);</p>
 508 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 509 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Multichannel/Panners/Pan4.html">Pan4</a></span> - equal power quad panner</p>
 510 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 511 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Pan4</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(1,-1), 0.3) }.scope(4);</p>
 512 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 513 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Multichannel/Panners/PanAz.html">PanAz</a></span> - azimuth panner to any number of channels</p>
 514 <p class="p3">arguments: num channels, in, pan position, level, width</p>
 515 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 516 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">PanAz</span>.ar(5, <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), 0.3, 2) }.scope(5);</p>
 517 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 518 <p class="p6">// change width to 3</p>
 519 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">PanAz</span>.ar(5, <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), 0.3, 3) }.scope(5);</p>
 520 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 521 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 522 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Multichannel/Panners/XFade2.html">XFade2</a></span> - equal power cross fade between two inputs</p>
 523 <p class="p3">arguments: in1, in2, crossfade, level</p>
 524 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 525 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">XFade2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar, SinOsc.ar(500), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), 0.3) }.scope(1);</p>
 526 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 527 <p class="p10"><br></p>
 528 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Multichannel/Panners/PanB2.html">PanB2</a></span> and <a href="Multichannel/Panners/DecodeB2.html"><span class="s9">DecodeB2</span></a> - 2D ambisonics panner and decoder</p>
 529 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 530 <p class="p4">(</p>
 531 <p class="p4">{</p>
 532 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> w, x, y, p, lf, rf, rr, lr;</p>
 533 <p class="p7"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span></p>
 534 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>p = <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar; <span class="s6">// source</span></p>
 535 <p class="p7"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span></p>
 536 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// B-format encode</p>
 537 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>#w, x, y = <span class="s3">PanB2</span>.ar(p, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1), 0.3);<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 538 <p class="p7"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span></p>
 539 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// B-format decode to quad. outputs in clockwise order</p>
 540 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>#lf, rf, rr, lr = <span class="s3">DecodeB2</span>.ar(4, w, x, y);</p>
 541 <p class="p7"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span></p>
 542 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>[lf, rf, lr, rr] </span>// reorder to my speaker arrangement: Lf Rf Lr Rr</p>
 543 <p class="p4">}.scope(4);</p>
 544 <p class="p11">)</p>
 545 <p class="p8"><br></p>
 546 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="Multichannel/Panners/Rotate2.html">Rotate2</a></span> - rotate a sound field of ambisonic or even stereo sound.</p>
 547 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 548 <p class="p4">(</p>
 549 <p class="p4">{</p>
 550 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// rotation of stereo sound via mouse<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 551 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> x, y;</p>
 552 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>x = <span class="s3">Mix</span>.fill(4, { <span class="s3">LFSaw</span>.ar(200 + 2.0.rand2, 0, 0.1) }); <span class="s6">// left in</span></p>
 553 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>y = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar * <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.kr(3,0,0.7,0.2); <span class="s6">// right in</span></p>
 554 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>#x, y = <span class="s3">Rotate2</span>.ar(x, y, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,2));</p>
 555 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>[x,y]</p>
 556 <p class="p4">}.scope(2);</p>
 557 <p class="p4">)</p>
 558 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 559 <p class="p3"><b>Reverbs</b></p>
 560 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Reverbs/FreeVerb.html">FreeVerb</a></span><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
 561 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 562 <p class="p4">(</p>
 563 <p class="p4">{</p>
 564 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// play with the room size</p>
 565 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> x;</p>
 566 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>x = <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], <span class="s3">nil</span>, [1, 1, 1, 1]], <span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(2, 0.1));</p>
 567 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>x = Pan2.ar(x, -0.2);</p>
 568 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>x = [x[0], DelayC.ar(x[1], 0.01, 0.01)]; // de-correlate</p>
 569 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>FreeVerb.ar(x, 0.75, 0.9, 0.4);</p>
 570 <p class="p4">}.scope;</p>
 571 <p class="p3">)</p>
 572 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 573 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Reverbs/GVerb.html">GVerb</a></span></p>
 574 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 575 <p class="p4">(</p>
 576 <p class="p4">{</p>
 577 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// play with the room size</p>
 578 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> x;</p>
 579 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>x = <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], <span class="s3">nil</span>, [1, 1, 1, 1]], <span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(2, 0.1));</p>
 580 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>GVerb.ar(x, 105, 5, 0.7, 0.8, 60, 0.1, 0.5, 0.4) + x;</p>
 581 <p class="p4">}.scope;</p>
 582 <p class="p3">)</p>
 583 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 584 <p class="p3"><b>Delays and Buffer UGens</b></p>
 585 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 586 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Delays/DelayN.html">DelayN</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Delays/DelayL.html"><span class="s4">DelayL</span></a>, <a href="Delays/DelayC.html"><span class="s4">DelayC</span></a></span></p>
 587 <p class="p3">simple delays</p>
 588 <p class="p3">N - no interpolation</p>
 589 <p class="p3">L - linear interpolation</p>
 590 <p class="p3">C - cubic interpolation</p>
 591 <p class="p3">arguments: in, maximum delay time, current delay time, mul, add</p>
 592 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 593 <p class="p4">(</p>
 594 <p class="p6">// Dust randomly triggers Decay to create an exponential<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 595 <p class="p6">// decay envelope for the WhiteNoise input source</p>
 596 <p class="p4">{</p>
 597 <p class="p4">z = <span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(1,0.5), 0.3, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar);</p>
 598 <p class="p6"><span class="s3">DelayN</span>.ar(z, 0.1, 0.1, 1, z); // input is mixed with delay via the add input</p>
 599 <p class="p4">}.scope(1, zoom: 4)</p>
 600 <p class="p4">)</p>
 601 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 602 <p class="p4">(</p>
 603 <p class="p4">{</p>
 604 <p class="p4">z = <span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(2,0,0.4), 0.3, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar);</p>
 605 <p class="p6"><span class="s3">DelayL</span>.ar(z, 0.3, MouseX.kr(0,0.3), 1, z); // input is mixed with delay via the add input</p>
 606 <p class="p4">}.scope(1, zoom: 4)</p>
 607 <p class="p4">)</p>
 608 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 609 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Delays/CombN.html">CombN</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Delays/CombL.html"><span class="s4">CombL</span></a>, <a href="Delays/CombC.html"><span class="s4">CombC</span></a></span></p>
 610 <p class="p3">feedback delays</p>
 611 <p class="p3">arguments: in, maximum delay time, current delay time, echo decay time, mul, add</p>
 612 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 613 <p class="p12"><br></p>
 614 <p class="p6">// used as an echo.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 615 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombN</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(1,0.5), 0.2, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar), 0.2, 0.2, 3) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 616 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 617 <p class="p6">// Comb used as a resonator. The resonant fundamental is equal to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 618 <p class="p6">// reciprocal of the delay time.</p>
 619 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombN</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.02), 0.01, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.0001, 0.01, 20), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 620 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 621 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombL</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.02), 0.01, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.0001, 0.01, 20), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 622 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 623 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombC</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.02), 0.01, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.0001, 0.01, 20), 0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 624 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 625 <p class="p6">// with negative feedback:</p>
 626 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombN</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.02), 0.01, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.0001, 0.01, 20), -0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 627 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 628 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombL</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.02), 0.01, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.0001, 0.01, 20), -0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 629 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 630 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombC</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar(0.02), 0.01, <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.0001, 0.01, 20), -0.2) }.scope(1);</p>
 631 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 632 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombC</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(1,0.1), 0.2, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar), 1/100, 1/100, 3) }.play;</p>
 633 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombC</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(1,0.1), 0.2, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar), 1/200, 1/200, 3) }.play;</p>
 634 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombC</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(1,0.1), 0.2, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar), 1/300, 1/300, 3) }.play;</p>
 635 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">CombC</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(1,0.1), 0.2, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar), 1/400, 1/400, 3) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 636 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 637 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 638 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Delays/AllpassN.html">AllpassN</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Delays/AllpassL.html"><span class="s4">AllpassL</span></a>, <a href="Delays/AllpassC.html"><span class="s4">AllpassC</span></a></span></p>
 639 <p class="p3">allpass delay</p>
 640 <p class="p3">arguments: in, maximum delay time, current delay time, echo decay time, mul, add</p>
 641 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 642 <p class="p4">(</p>
 643 <p class="p4">{</p>
 644 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> z;</p>
 645 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>z = <span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(1,0.5), 0.1, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar);</p>
 646 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>8.do { z = <span class="s3">AllpassL</span>.ar(z, 0.04, 0.04.rand, 2) };</p>
 647 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>z</p>
 648 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 649 <p class="p4">)</p>
 650 <p class="p2"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span></p>
 651 <p class="p5"><a href="Playback and Recording/PlayBuf.html"><b>PlayBuf</b></a></p>
 652 <p class="p3">buffer playback</p>
 653 <p class="p3">arguments: numChannels, buffer number, rate, trigger, start pos, loop</p>
 654 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 655 <p class="p6">// read sound</p>
 656 <p class="p13"><span class="s5">b = </span><span class="s3">Buffer</span><span class="s5">.read(s, </span>"sounds/a11wlk01.wav"<span class="s5">);</span></p>
 657 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 658 <p class="p4">{ SinOsc.ar(800 + (700 * <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,b, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(b),<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>loop:1)),0,0.3) }.scope(1);</p>
 659 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 660 <p class="p6">// loop is true</p>
 661 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,b, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(b), loop:1) }.scope(1);</p>
 662 <p class="p14"><br></p>
 663 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 664 <p class="p6">// trigger one shot on each pulse</p>
 665 <p class="p4">(</p>
 666 <p class="p4">{</p>
 667 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trig;</p>
 668 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trig = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(2.0);</p>
 669 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,b,<span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(b),trig,0,0);</p>
 670 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 671 <p class="p4">)</p>
 672 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 673 <p class="p6">// trigger one shot on each pulse</p>
 674 <p class="p4">(</p>
 675 <p class="p4">{</p>
 676 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trig;</p>
 677 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trig = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.1,100,30));</p>
 678 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,b,<span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(b),trig,5000,0);</p>
 679 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 680 <p class="p4">)</p>
 681 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 682 <p class="p6">// mouse control of trigger rate and startpos</p>
 683 <p class="p4">(</p>
 684 <p class="p4">{</p>
 685 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trig;</p>
 686 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trig = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(<span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(0.5,200,1));</p>
 687 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,b,<span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(b),trig,<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufFrames</span>.kr(b)),1)</p>
 688 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 689 <p class="p4">)</p>
 690 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 691 <p class="p6">// accelerating pitch</p>
 692 <p class="p4">(</p>
 693 <p class="p4">{</p>
 694 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> rate;</p>
 695 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>rate = <span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.1,100,60);</p>
 696 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1, b, rate, 1.0,0.0, 1.0)</p>
 697 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 698 <p class="p4">)</p>
 699 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 700 <p class="p6">// sine wave control of playback rate. negative rate plays backwards</p>
 701 <p class="p4">(</p>
 702 <p class="p4">{</p>
 703 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> rate;</p>
 704 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>rate = <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.kr(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(0.2,8,30), 0, 3, 0.6);</p>
 705 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,b,<span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(b)*rate,1,0,1)</p>
 706 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 707 <p class="p4">)</p>
 708 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 709 <p class="p6">// zig zag around sound<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 710 <p class="p4">(</p>
 711 <p class="p4">{</p>
 712 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> rate;</p>
 713 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>rate = <span class="s3">LFNoise2</span>.kr(<span class="s3">XLine</span>.kr(1,20,60), 2);</p>
 714 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,b,<span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(b) * rate,1,0,1)</p>
 715 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
 716 <p class="p4">)</p>
 717 <p class="p12"><br></p>
 718 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 719 <p class="p6">// free sound</p>
 720 <p class="p4">b.free;</p>
 721 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 722 <p class="p3"><b>Granular Synthesis.</b></p>
 723 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 724 <p class="p5"><a href="Playback and Recording/TGrains.html"><b>TGrains</b></a></p>
 725 <p class="p3">granulation of a buffer</p>
 726 <p class="p3">arguments: numChannels, trigger, buffer number, rate, center pos, dur, pan, amp, interpolation</p>
 727 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 728 <p class="p6">// read sound</p>
 729 <p class="p13"><span class="s5">b = </span><span class="s3">Buffer</span><span class="s5">.read(s, </span>"sounds/a11wlk01.wav"<span class="s5">);</span></p>
 730 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 731 <p class="p4">(</p>
 732 <p class="p4">{</p>
 733 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur;</p>
 734 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(2,200,1);</p>
 735 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 4 / trate;</p>
 736 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(trate), b, 1, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b)), dur, 0, 0.1, 2);</p>
 737 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 738 <p class="p4">)</p>
 739 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 740 <p class="p4">(</p>
 741 <p class="p4">{</p>
 742 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur, clk, pos, pan;</p>
 743 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(8,120,1);</p>
 744 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 12 / trate;</p>
 745 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>clk = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(trate);</p>
 746 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pos = <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b)) + <span class="s3">TRand</span>.kr(0, 0.01, clk);</p>
 747 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pan = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.6);</p>
 748 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, clk, b, 1, pos, dur, pan, 0.1);</p>
 749 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 750 <p class="p4">)</p>
 751 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 752 <p class="p6">// 4 channels</p>
 753 <p class="p4">(</p>
 754 <p class="p4">{</p>
 755 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur, clk, pos, pan;</p>
 756 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(8,120,1);</p>
 757 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 12 / trate;</p>
 758 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>clk = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(trate);</p>
 759 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pos = <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b)) + <span class="s3">TRand</span>.kr(0, 0.01, clk);</p>
 760 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pan = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.6);</p>
 761 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(4, clk, b, 1, pos, dur, pan, 0.1);</p>
 762 <p class="p4">}.scope(4, zoom: 4);</p>
 763 <p class="p4">)</p>
 764 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 765 <p class="p4">(</p>
 766 <p class="p4">{</p>
 767 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur, clk, pos, pan;</p>
 768 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(8,120,1);</p>
 769 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 4 / trate;</p>
 770 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>clk = <span class="s3">Dust</span>.kr(trate);</p>
 771 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pos = <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b)) + <span class="s3">TRand</span>.kr(0, 0.01, clk);</p>
 772 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pan = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.6);</p>
 773 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, clk, b, 1, pos, dur, pan, 0.1);</p>
 774 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 775 <p class="p4">)</p>
 776 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 777 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 778 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 779 <p class="p4">(</p>
 780 <p class="p4">{</p>
 781 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur, clk, pos, pan;</p>
 782 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = <span class="s3">LinExp</span>.kr(<span class="s3">LFTri</span>.kr(<span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(0.1,2,1)),-1,1,8,120);</p>
 783 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 12 / trate;</p>
 784 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>clk = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(trate);</p>
 785 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pos = <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b));</p>
 786 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pan = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.6);</p>
 787 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, clk, b, 1, pos, dur, pan, 0.1);</p>
 788 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 789 <p class="p4">)</p>
 790 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 791 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 792 <p class="p4">(</p>
 793 <p class="p4">{</p>
 794 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur, clk, pos, pan;</p>
 795 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = 12;</p>
 796 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(0.2,24,1) / trate;</p>
 797 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>clk = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(trate);</p>
 798 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pos = <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b)) + <span class="s3">TRand</span>.kr(0, 0.01, clk);</p>
 799 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pan = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.6);</p>
 800 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, clk, b, 1, pos, dur, pan, 0.1);</p>
 801 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 802 <p class="p4">)</p>
 803 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 804 <p class="p4">(</p>
 805 <p class="p4">{</p>
 806 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur, clk, pos, pan;</p>
 807 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = 100;</p>
 808 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 8 / trate;</p>
 809 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>clk = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(trate);</p>
 810 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pos = <span class="s3">Integrator</span>.kr(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.kr(0.001));</p>
 811 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pan = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.6);</p>
 812 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, clk, b, 1, pos, dur, pan, 0.1);</p>
 813 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 814 <p class="p4">)</p>
 815 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 816 <p class="p4">(</p>
 817 <p class="p4">{</p>
 818 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur, clk, pos, pan;</p>
 819 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(1,400,1);</p>
 820 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 8 / trate;</p>
 821 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>clk = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(trate);</p>
 822 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pos = <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b));</p>
 823 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>pan = <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.8);</p>
 824 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, clk, b, 2 ** <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(2), pos, dur, pan, 0.1);</p>
 825 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 826 <p class="p4">)</p>
 827 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 828 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 829 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 830 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 831 <p class="p4">(</p>
 832 <p class="p4">{</p>
 833 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trate, dur;</p>
 834 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trate = <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(2,120,1);</p>
 835 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>dur = 1.2 / trate;</p>
 836 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">TGrains</span>.ar(2, <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(trate), b, (1.2 ** <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(3).round(1)), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,<span class="s3">BufDur</span>.kr(b)), dur, <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.kr(0.6), 0.1);</p>
 837 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 838 <p class="p4">)</p>
 839 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 840 <p class="p6">// free sound</p>
 841 <p class="p4">b.free;</p>
 842 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 843 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Generators/Granular/GrainSin.html">GrainSin</a></span></p>
 844 <p class="p3">arguments: numChannels, trigger, dur, freq, pan, envbufnum</p>
 845 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 846 <p class="p15"><span class="s5">( </span>// using default window</p>
 847 <p class="p4">{</p>
 848 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s12">var</span> trigrate, winsize, trig;</p>
 849 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trigrate = <span class="s12">MouseX</span>.kr(2, 120);</p>
 850 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>winsize = trigrate.reciprocal;</p>
 851 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trig = <span class="s12">Impulse</span>.ar(trigrate);</p>
 852 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s12">GrainSin</span>.ar(2, trig, winsize, <span class="s12">TRand</span>.ar(440.0, 880.0, trig), <span class="s12">LFNoise1</span>.kr(0.2),</p>
 853 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>-1, 0.2)</p>
 854 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 855 <p class="p4">)</p>
 856 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 857 <p class="p16"><span class="s13">b =</span> <span class="s12">Buffer</span>.sendCollection(s, <span class="s12">Env</span>([0, 1, 0], [0.5, 0.5], [8, -8]).discretize, 1);</p>
 858 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 859 <p class="p15"><span class="s5">( </span>// using user supplied window</p>
 860 <p class="p4">{</p>
 861 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s12">var</span> trigrate, winsize, trig;</p>
 862 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trigrate = <span class="s12">MouseX</span>.kr(2, 120);</p>
 863 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>winsize = trigrate.reciprocal;</p>
 864 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trig = <span class="s12">Impulse</span>.ar(trigrate);</p>
 865 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s12">GrainSin</span>.ar(2, trig, winsize, <span class="s12">TRand</span>.ar(440.0, 880.0, trig), <span class="s12">LFNoise1</span>.kr(0.2),</p>
 866 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>b, 0.2)</p>
 867 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom: 4);</p>
 868 <p class="p4">)</p>
 869 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 870 <p class="p5"><span class="s5">see also <a href="Generators/Granular/GrainFM.html"><span class="s4">GrainFM</span></a>, <a href="Generators/Granular/GrainBuf.html"><span class="s4">GrainBuf</span></a> and <a href="Generators/Granular/GrainIn.html"><span class="s4">GrainIn</span></a></span></p>
 871 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 872 <p class="p3"><b>Control</b></p>
 873 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 874 <p class="p3">Filters for Controls</p>
 875 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 876 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Synth control/Envelopes/Decay.html">Decay</a></span></p>
 877 <p class="p3">triggered exponential decay</p>
 878 <p class="p3">arguments: in, decay time, mul, add</p>
 879 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 880 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar * <span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(1), 0.9, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 881 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar * <span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(3), 0.9, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 882 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Decay</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(4), 0.5, 1000, 400), 0, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 883 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 884 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Synth control/Envelopes/Decay2.html">Decay2</a></span></p>
 885 <p class="p3">triggered exponential attack and exponential decay<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 886 <p class="p3">arguments: trigger, attack time, decay time, mul, add</p>
 887 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 888 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar * <span class="s3">Decay2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(1), 0.2, 0.9, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 889 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar * <span class="s3">Decay2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(3), 0.2, 0.9, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 890 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 891 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Filters/Lag.html">Lag</a></span></p>
 892 <p class="p3">arguments: trigger, duration</p>
 893 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 894 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Lag</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.ar(2,0,0.5,800,400), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,0.5)), 0, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 895 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 896 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Synth control/Integrator.html">Integrator</a></span></p>
 897 <p class="p3">leaky integrator</p>
 898 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 899 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Integrator</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust2</span>.ar(8), 0.99999, 200, 800), 0, 0.2) }.scope(1)</p>
 900 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 901 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 902 <p class="p3">Triggers</p>
 903 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 904 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Triggers/Trig.html">Trig</a></span><span class="s5">, <a href="Triggers/Trig1.html"><span class="s4">Trig1</span></a></span></p>
 905 <p class="p3">timed duration gate</p>
 906 <p class="p3">arguments: trigger, duration</p>
 907 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 908 <p class="p6">// amplitude determined by amplitude of trigger</p>
 909 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Trig</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(2), 0.2) * <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(800, 0, 0.4) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 910 <p class="p6">// amplitude always the same.</p>
 911 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Trig1</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(2), 0.2) * <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(800, 0, 0.4) }.scope(1, zoom:4)</p>
 912 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 913 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Triggers/TDelay.html">TDelay</a></span></p>
 914 <p class="p3">delays a trigger. only delays one pending trigger at a time.</p>
 915 <p class="p3">arguments: trigger, delay time</p>
 916 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 917 <p class="p4">(</p>
 918 <p class="p4">{<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 919 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> trig;</p>
 920 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>trig = <span class="s3">Dust</span>.ar(2);</p>
 921 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>[(<span class="s3">Trig1</span>.ar(trig, 0.05) * <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(600, 0, 0.2)),</p>
 922 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>(<span class="s3">Trig1</span>.ar(<span class="s3">TDelay</span>.ar(trig, 0.1), 0.05) * <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(800, 0, 0.2))]</p>
 923 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom:4);</p>
 924 <p class="p4">)</p>
 925 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 926 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Synth control/Latch.html">Latch</a></span></p>
 927 <p class="p3">sample and hold</p>
 928 <p class="p3">arguments: in, trigger</p>
 929 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 930 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Blip</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Latch</span>.ar(<span class="s3">WhiteNoise</span>.ar, <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(9)) * 400 + 500, 4, 0.2) }.play;</p>
 931 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Blip</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Latch</span>.ar(<span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(0.3), <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(9)) * 400 + 500, 4, 0.2) }.play;</p>
 932 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 933 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Triggers/Gate.html">Gate</a></span></p>
 934 <p class="p3">pass or hold</p>
 935 <p class="p3">arguments: in, trigger</p>
 936 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 937 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Blip</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Gate</span>.ar(<span class="s3">LFNoise2</span>.ar(40), <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.ar(1)) * 400 + 500, 4, 0.2) }.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 938 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 939 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 940 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Triggers/PulseCount.html">PulseCount</a></span></p>
 941 <p class="p3">count triggers</p>
 942 <p class="p3">arguments: trigger, reset</p>
 943 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 944 <p class="p4">(</p>
 945 <p class="p4">{</p>
 946 <p class="p17">SinOsc<span class="s5">.ar(</span></p>
 947 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="s3">PulseCount</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(10), <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(0.4)) * 200,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 948 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>0, 0.05</p>
 949 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>)</p>
 950 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom:4);</p>
 951 <p class="p4">)</p>
 952 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 953 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Triggers/PulseDivider.html">PulseDivider</a></span></p>
 954 <p class="p3">arguments: trigger, div, start</p>
 955 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 956 <p class="p17">(</p>
 957 <p class="p4">{<span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></p>
 958 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> p, a, b;</p>
 959 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>p = <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(8);</p>
 960 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>a = <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(1200, 0, <span class="s3">Decay2</span>.ar(p, 0.005, 0.1));</p>
 961 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>b = <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(600,<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>0, <span class="s3">Decay2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">PulseDivider</span>.ar(p, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(1,8).round(1)), 0.005, 0.5));</p>
 962 <p class="p7"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span></p>
 963 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>[a, b] * 0.4</p>
 964 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom:4);</p>
 965 <p class="p4">)</p>
 966 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 967 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 968 <p class="p5"><span class="s4"><a href="Synth control/Envelopes/EnvGen.html">EnvGen</a></span></p>
 969 <p class="p3">envelope generator</p>
 970 <p class="p3">envelope is specified using an instance of the Env class.</p>
 971 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 972 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">EnvGen</span>.kr(<span class="s3">Env</span>.perc, doneAction:2) * <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(880,0,0.2) }.play;</p>
 973 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">EnvGen</span>.kr(<span class="s3">Env</span>.perc(1,0.005,1,4), doneAction:2) * <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(880,0,0.2) }.play;</p>
 974 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 975 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">EnvGen</span>.kr(<span class="s3">Env</span>.perc, Impulse.kr(2)) * <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(880,0,0.2) }.play;</p>
 976 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">EnvGen</span>.kr(<span class="s3">Env</span>.perc, Dust.kr(3)) * <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(880,0,0.2) }.play;</p>
 977 <p class="p7"><br></p>
 978 <p class="p6">// for sustain envelopes a gate is required</p>
 979 <p class="p4">z = { <span class="s3">arg</span> gate=1; <span class="s3">EnvGen</span>.kr(<span class="s3">Env</span>.adsr, gate, doneAction:2) * <span class="s3">SinOsc</span>.ar(880,0,0.2) }.play;</p>
 980 <p class="p4">z.release;</p>
 981 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 982 <p class="p4">(</p>
 983 <p class="p6">// randomly generated envelope</p>
 984 <p class="p4">z = { <span class="s3">arg</span> gate=1;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 985 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> env, n=32;</p>
 986 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>env = <span class="s3">Env</span>(</p>
 987 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>[0]++{1.0.rand.squared}.dup(n-1) ++ [0],<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 988 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>{rrand(0.005,0.2)}.dup(n),</p>
 989 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="s8">\lin</span>, n-8, 8 );</p>
 990 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">EnvGen</span>.kr(env, gate, doneAction: 2) * <span class="s3">LFTri</span>.ar(220,0,0.4)<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
 991 <p class="p4">}.scope(1, zoom:4);</p>
 992 <p class="p4">)</p>
 993 <p class="p4">z.release;</p>
 994 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 995 <p class="p3"><b>Spectral</b></p>
 996 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 997 <p class="p3"><span class="s7"><a href="FFT/FFT.html">FFT</a></span>, <a href="FFT/IFFT.html"><span class="s9">IFFT</span></a> and the phase vocoder ugens.</p>
 998 <p class="p2"><br></p>
 999 <p class="p3">FFT calculates the spectrum of a sound, puts it into a buffer, and outputs a trigger each time the</p>
1000 <p class="p3">buffer is ready to process. The PV UGens process the spectrum when they receive the trigger.</p>
1001 <p class="p3">IFFT converts the spectrum back into sound.</p>
1002 <p class="p2"><br></p>
1003 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1004 <p class="p6">// alloc a buffer for the FFT</p>
1005 <p class="p4">b = <span class="s3">Buffer</span>.alloc(s,2048,1);</p>
1006 <p class="p6">// read a sound</p>
1007 <p class="p13"><span class="s5">c = </span><span class="s3">Buffer</span><span class="s5">.read(s, </span>"sounds/a11wlk01.wav"<span class="s5">);</span></p>
1008 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1009 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1010 <p class="p4">(</p>
1011 <p class="p6">// do nothing</p>
1012 <p class="p4">{</p>
1013 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in, chain;</p>
1014 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,c, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(c), loop:1);</p>
1015 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">FFT</span>(b, in);</p>
1016 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>0.5 * <span class="s3">IFFT</span>(chain);</p>
1017 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1018 <p class="p4">)</p>
1019 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1020 <p class="p4">(</p>
1021 <p class="p6">// pass only magnitudes above a threshold</p>
1022 <p class="p4">{</p>
1023 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in, chain;</p>
1024 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,c, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(c), loop:1);</p>
1025 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">FFT</span>(b, in);</p>
1026 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">PV_MagAbove</span>(chain, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,512,1));<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1027 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>0.5 * <span class="s3">IFFT</span>(chain);</p>
1028 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1029 <p class="p4">)</p>
1030 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1031 <p class="p4">(</p>
1032 <p class="p6">// pass only magnitudes below a threshold</p>
1033 <p class="p4">{</p>
1034 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in, chain;</p>
1035 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,c, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(c), loop:1);</p>
1036 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">FFT</span>(b, in);</p>
1037 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">PV_MagBelow</span>(chain, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.1,512,1));<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1038 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>0.5 * <span class="s3">IFFT</span>(chain);</p>
1039 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1040 <p class="p4">)</p>
1041 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1042 <p class="p4">(</p>
1043 <p class="p6">// brick wall filter.</p>
1044 <p class="p4">{</p>
1045 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in, chain;</p>
1046 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,c, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(c), loop:1);</p>
1047 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">FFT</span>(b, in);</p>
1048 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">PV_BrickWall</span>(chain, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(-1,1));<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1049 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>0.5 * <span class="s3">IFFT</span>(chain);</p>
1050 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1051 <p class="p4">)</p>
1052 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1053 <p class="p4">(</p>
1054 <p class="p6">// pass random frequencies. Mouse controls how many to pass.</p>
1055 <p class="p6">// trigger changes the frequencies periodically</p>
1056 <p class="p4">{</p>
1057 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in, chain;</p>
1058 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,c, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(c), loop:1);</p>
1059 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">FFT</span>(b, in);</p>
1060 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">PV_RandComb</span>(chain, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,1), <span class="s3">Impulse</span>.kr(0.4));</p>
1061 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>0.5 * <span class="s3">IFFT</span>(chain);</p>
1062 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1063 <p class="p4">)</p>
1064 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1065 <p class="p4">(</p>
1066 <p class="p6">// rectangular comb filter</p>
1067 <p class="p4">{</p>
1068 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in, chain;</p>
1069 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,c, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(c), loop:1);</p>
1070 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">FFT</span>(b, in);</p>
1071 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">PV_RectComb</span>(chain, 8, <span class="s3">MouseY</span>.kr(0,1), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,1));</p>
1072 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>0.5 * <span class="s3">IFFT</span>(chain);</p>
1073 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1074 <p class="p4">)</p>
1075 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1076 <p class="p4">(</p>
1077 <p class="p6">// freeze magnitudes</p>
1078 <p class="p4">{</p>
1079 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> in, chain;</p>
1080 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>in = <span class="s3">PlayBuf</span>.ar(1,c, <span class="s3">BufRateScale</span>.kr(c), loop:1);</p>
1081 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">FFT</span>(b, in);</p>
1082 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>chain = <span class="s3">PV_MagFreeze</span>(chain, <span class="s3">LFPulse</span>.kr(1, 0.75));</p>
1083 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>0.5 * <span class="s3">IFFT</span>(chain);</p>
1084 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1085 <p class="p4">)</p>
1086 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1087 <p class="p8"><br></p>
1088 <p class="p3"><b>2. Techniques</b></p>
1089 <p class="p2"><br></p>
1090 <p class="p3"><b>Artificial Space</b></p>
1091 <p class="p3">Building a sense of space into a sound by setting up phase differences between the speakers.</p>
1092 <p class="p8"><br></p>
1093 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1094 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x; x = <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar(0.2); [x,x] }.scope(2); <span class="s6">// correlated</span></p>
1095 <p class="p4">{ {<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar(0.2)}.dup }.scope(2); <span class="s6">// not correlated</span></p>
1096 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1097 <p class="p6">// correlated</p>
1098 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x; x = <span class="s3">LPF</span>.ar(<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar(0.2), <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(100,10000)); [x,x] }.scope(2);</p>
1099 <p class="p6">// not correlated</p>
1100 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">LPF</span>.ar({<span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar(0.2)}.dup, <span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(100,10000)) }.scope(2);</p>
1101 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1102 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1103 <p class="p6">// correlated</p>
1104 <p class="p4">(</p>
1105 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1106 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>x = <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], <span class="s3">nil</span>, [1, 1, 1, 1]], <span class="s3">PinkNoise</span>.ar(7e-3));<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1107 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>[x,x]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1108 <p class="p4">}.scope(2))</p>
1109 <p class="p6">// not correlated</p>
1110 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">Klank</span>.ar(`[[200, 671, 1153, 1723], <span class="s3">nil</span>, [1, 1, 1, 1]], <span class="s3">PinkNoise</span>.ar([7e-3,7e-3])) }.scope(2);</p>
1111 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1112 <p class="p6">// two waves mixed together coming out both speakers</p>
1113 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x; x = <span class="s3">Mix</span>.ar(<span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.ar([100,101], 0, 0.1, 0.2)); [x,x] }.scope(2);</p>
1114 <p class="p6">// two waves coming out each speaker independantly</p>
1115 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">VarSaw</span>.ar([100,101], 0, 0.1, 0.2 * 1.414) }.scope(2); <span class="s6">// * 1.414 to compensate for power</span></p>
1116 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1117 <p class="p6">// delays as cues to direction</p>
1118 <p class="p6">// mono</p>
1119 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x; x = <span class="s3">LFTri</span>.ar(1000,0,<span class="s3">Decay2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(4,0,0.2),0.004,0.2)); [x,x]}.scope(2);</p>
1120 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1121 <p class="p4">(</p>
1122 <p class="p6">// inter-speaker delays</p>
1123 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x; x = <span class="s3">LFTri</span>.ar(1000,0,<span class="s3">Decay2</span>.ar(<span class="s3">Impulse</span>.ar(4,0,0.2),0.004,0.2));<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1124 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>[<span class="s3">DelayC</span>.ar(x,0.01,0.01),<span class="s3">DelayC</span>.ar(x,0.02,<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.02, 0))]</p>
1125 <p class="p4">}.scope(2);</p>
1126 <p class="p4">)</p>
1127 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1128 <p class="p4">(</p>
1129 <p class="p6">// mixing two delays together</p>
1130 <p class="p6">// you hear a phasing sound but the sound is still flat.</p>
1131 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x; x = <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar(0.2);<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1132 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>x = <span class="s3">Mix</span>.ar([<span class="s3">DelayC</span>.ar(x,0.01,0.01),<span class="s3">DelayC</span>.ar(x,0.02,<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0,0.02))]);</p>
1133 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>[x,x]</p>
1134 <p class="p4">}.scope(2);</p>
1135 <p class="p4">)</p>
1136 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1137 <p class="p4">(</p>
1138 <p class="p6">// more spatial sounding. phasing causes you to perceive directionality</p>
1139 <p class="p4">{ <span class="s3">var</span> x; x = <span class="s3">BrownNoise</span>.ar(0.2);<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1140 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>[<span class="s3">DelayC</span>.ar(x,0.01,0.01),<span class="s3">DelayC</span>.ar(x,0.02,<span class="s3">MouseX</span>.kr(0.02, 0))]</p>
1141 <p class="p4">}.scope(2);</p>
1142 <p class="p4">)</p>
1143 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1144 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1145 <p class="p3"><b>Parallel Structures</b></p>
1146 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1147 <p class="p4">(</p>
1148 <p class="p4">{</p>
1149 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// mixing sine oscillators in parallel</p>
1150 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">var</span><span class="s5"> n = 16; </span>// number of structures to make</p>
1151 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// mix together<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>parallel structures</p>
1152 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">Mix</span>.fill(n,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> <span class="Apple-tab-span">   </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span></p>
1153 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// this function creates an oscillator at a random frequency</p>
1154 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>{ <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(200 + 1000.0.rand) }</p>
1155 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>) / (2*n)<span class="Apple-tab-span">   </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// scale amplitude</p>
1156 <p class="p4">}.scope(1);</p>
1157 <p class="p4">)</p>
1158 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1159 <p class="p4">(</p>
1160 <p class="p4">{</p>
1161 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// mixing sine oscillators in parallel</p>
1162 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">var</span><span class="s5"> n = 16; </span>// number of structures to make</p>
1163 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// mix together<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>parallel structures</p>
1164 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">Mix</span>.fill(n,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> <span class="Apple-tab-span">   </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span></p>
1165 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// this function creates an oscillator at a random frequency</p>
1166 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>{ <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(200 + 1000.0.rand + [0, 0.5]) }</p>
1167 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>) / (2*n)<span class="Apple-tab-span">   </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// scale amplitude</p>
1168 <p class="p4">}.scope(2);</p>
1169 <p class="p4">)</p>
1170 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1171 <p class="p4">(</p>
1172 <p class="p4">{</p>
1173 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// mixing sine oscillators in parallel</p>
1174 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">var</span><span class="s5"> n = 16; </span>// number of structures to make</p>
1175 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// mix together<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>parallel structures</p>
1176 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">Mix</span>.fill(n,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> <span class="Apple-tab-span">   </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span></p>
1177 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>{<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1178 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>var amp;</p>
1179 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>amp = <span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.kr(exprand(0.1,1),2pi.rand).max(0);</p>
1180 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="s3">Pan2</span>.ar(</p>
1181 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="s3">FSinOsc</span>.ar(exprand(100,1000.0), 0, amp),</p>
1182 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>1.0.rand2)</p>
1183 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>}</p>
1184 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>) / (2*n)<span class="Apple-tab-span">   </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// scale amplitude</p>
1185 <p class="p4">}.scope(2);</p>
1186 <p class="p4">)</p>
1187 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1188 <p class="p7"><br></p>
1189 <p class="p4">(</p>
1190 <p class="p4">{</p>
1191 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="s3">var</span> n;</p>
1192 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>n = 8; </span>// number of 'voices'</p>
1193 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">Mix</span><span class="s5">.ar( </span>// mix all stereo pairs down.</p>
1194 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">Pan2</span><span class="s5">.ar( </span>// pan the voice to a stereo position</p>
1195 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">CombL</span><span class="s5">.ar( </span>// a comb filter used as a string resonator</p>
1196 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span><span class="s3">Dust</span><span class="s5">.ar( </span>// random impulses as an excitation function</p>
1197 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// an array to cause expansion of Dust to n channels</p>
1198 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// 1 means one impulse per second on average</p>
1199 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>1.dup(n),<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1200 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>0.3 </span>// amplitude</p>
1201 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>),<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1202 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>0.01, </span>// max delay time in seconds</p>
1203 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span></span>// array of different random lengths for each 'string'</p>
1204 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>{0.004.rand+0.0003}.dup(n),<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
1205 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>4 </span>// decay time in seconds</p>
1206 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>),</p>
1207 <p class="p6"><span class="s5"><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>{1.0.rand2}.dup(n) </span>// give each voice a different pan position</p>
1208 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span><span class="Apple-tab-span">    </span>)</p>
1209 <p class="p4"><span class="Apple-tab-span">     </span>)</p>
1210 <p class="p4">}.scope(2, zoom:4);</p>
1211 <p class="p4">)</p>
1212 </body>
1213 </html>