1 This file documents version 2 of the svn protocol.
6 The Subversion protocol is specified in terms of the following
7 syntactic elements, specified using ABNF [RFC 2234]:
9 item = word / number / string / list
10 word = ALPHA *(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-") space
11 number = 1*DIGIT space
12 string = 1*DIGIT ":" *OCTET space
13 ; digits give the byte count of the *OCTET portion
14 list = "(" space *item ")" space
17 Here is an example item showing each of the syntactic elements:
19 ( word 22 6:string ( sublist ) )
21 All items end with mandatory whitespace. (In the above example, a
22 newline provides the terminating whitespace for the outer list.) It
23 is possible to parse an item without knowing its type in advance.
25 Lists are not constrained to contain items of the same type. Lists
26 can be used for tuples, optional tuples, or arrays. A tuple is a list
27 expected to contain a fixed number of items, generally of differing
28 types. An optional tuple is a list containing either zero or a fixed
29 number of items (thus "optional" here does not refer to the list's
30 presence or absence, but to the presence or absence of its contents).
31 An array is a list containing zero or more items of the same type.
33 Words are used for enumerated protocol values, while strings are used
34 for text or binary data of interest to the Subversion client or
35 server. Words are case-sensitive.
37 For convenience, this specification will define prototypes for data
38 items using a syntax like:
40 example: ( literal ( data:string ... ) )
42 A simple word such as "literal", with no colon, denotes a literal
43 word. A choice of words may be given with "|" separating the choices.
44 "name:type" specifies a parameter with the given type.
46 A type is "word", "number", "string", "list", or the name of another
47 prototype. Parentheses denote a tuple, unless the parentheses contain
48 ellipses, in which case the parentheses denote an array containing
49 zero or more elements matching the prototype preceding the ellipses.
51 If a tuple has an optional part after the fixed part, a '?' marks
52 places where the tuple is allowed to end. The following tuple could
53 contain one, three, or four or more items:
55 example: ( fixed:string ? opt1:number opt2:string ? opt3:number )
57 Brackets denote an optional tuple; they are equivalent to parentheses
58 and a leading '?'. For example, this:
60 example: ( literal (? rev:number ) ( data:string ... ) )
62 can be written more compactly like this:
64 example: ( literal [ rev:number ] ( data:string ... ) )
66 For extensibility, implementations must treat a list as matching a
67 prototype's tuple even if the list contains extra elements. The extra
68 elements must be ignored.
70 In some cases, a prototype may need to match two different kinds of
71 data items. This case will be written using "|" to separate the
72 alternatives; for example:
74 example: ( first-kind rev:number )
77 The "command response" prototype is used in several contexts of this
78 specification to indicate the success or failure of an operation. It
79 is defined as follows:
81 command-response: ( success params:list )
82 | ( failure ( err:error ... ) )
83 error: ( apr-err:number message:string file:string line:number )
85 The interpretation of parameters in a successful command response is
88 URLs and repository paths are represented as strings. They should be in
89 canonical form when sent over the protocol. However, as a matter of input
90 validation, an implementation should always canonicalize received paths if it
91 needs them in canonicalized form.
93 2. Connection establishment and protocol setup
94 ----------------------------------------------
96 By default, the client connects to the server on port 3690.
98 Upon receiving a connection, the server sends a greeting, using a
99 command response whose parameters match the prototype:
101 greeting: ( minver:number maxver:number mechs:list ( cap:word ... ) )
103 minver and maxver give the minimum and maximum Subversion protocol
104 versions supported by the server. mechs is present for historical
105 reasons, and is ignored by the client. The cap values give a list of
106 server capabilities (see section 2.1).
108 If the client does not support a protocol version within the specified
109 range, it closes the connection. Otherwise, the client responds to
110 the greeting with an item matching the prototype:
112 response: ( version:number ( cap:word ... ) url:string
113 ? ra-client:string ( ? client:string ) )
115 version gives the protocol version selected by the client. The cap
116 values give a list of client capabilities (see section 2.1). url
117 gives the URL the client is accessing. ra-client is a string
118 identifying the RA implementation, e.g. "SVN/1.6.0" or "SVNKit 1.1.4".
119 client is the string returned by svn_ra_callbacks2_t.get_client_string;
120 that callback may not be implemented, so this is optional.
122 Upon receiving the client's response to the greeting, the server sends
123 an authentication request, which is a command response whose arguments
126 auth-request: ( ( mech:word ... ) realm:string )
128 The mech values give a list of SASL mechanisms supported by the
129 server. The realm string is similar to an HTTP authentication realm
130 as defined in [RFC 2617]; it allows the server to indicate which of
131 several protection spaces the server wishes to authenticate in. If
132 the mechanism list is empty, then no authentication is required and no
133 further action takes place as part of the authentication challenge;
134 otherwise, the client responds with a tuple matching the prototype:
136 auth-response: ( mech:word [ token:string ] )
138 mech specifies the SASL mechanism and token, if present, gives the
139 "initial response" of the authentication exchange. The client may
140 specify an empty mechanism to decline authentication; otherwise, upon
141 receiving the client's auth-response, the server sends a series of
142 challenges, each a tuple matching the prototype:
144 challenge: ( step ( token:string ) )
145 | ( failure ( message:string ) )
146 | ( success [ token:string ] )
148 If the first word of the challenge is "step", then the token is
149 interpreted by the authentication mechanism, and the response token
150 transmitted to the server as a string. The server then proceeds with
151 another challenge. If the client wishes to abort the authentication
152 exchange, it may do so by closing the connection.
154 If the first word of the challenge is "success", the authentication is
155 successful. If a token is provided, it should be interpreted by the
156 authentication mechanism, but there is no response.
158 If the first word of the challenge is "failure", the authentication
159 exchange is unsuccessful. The client may then give up, or make
160 another auth-response and restart the authentication process.
162 RFC 2222 requires that a protocol profile define a service name for
163 the sake of the GSSAPI mechanism. The service name for this protocol
166 After a successful authentication exchange, the server sends a command
167 response whose parameters match the prototype:
169 repos-info: ( uuid:string repos-url:string ( cap:word ... ) )
171 uuid gives the universal unique identifier of the repository,
172 repos-url gives the URL of the repository's root directory, and the
173 cap values list the repository capabilities (that is, capabilities
174 that require both server and repository support before the server can
175 claim them as capabilities, e.g., SVN_RA_SVN_CAP_MERGEINFO).
177 The client can now begin sending commands from the main command set.
181 The following capabilities are currently defined (S indicates a server
182 capability and C indicates a client capability):
184 [CS] edit-pipeline Every released version of Subversion since 1.0
185 announces the edit-pipeline capability; starting
186 in Subversion 1.5, both client and server
187 *require* the other side to announce edit-pipeline.
188 [CS] svndiff1 If both the client and server support svndiff version
189 1, this will be used as the on-the-wire format for
190 svndiff instead of svndiff version 0.
191 [CS] absent-entries If the remote end announces support for this capability,
192 it will accept the absent-dir and absent-file editor
194 [S] commit-revprops If the server presents this capability, it supports the
195 rev-props parameter of the commit command.
197 [S] mergeinfo If the server presents this capability, it supports the
198 get-mergeinfo command. See section 3.1.1.
199 [S] depth If the server presents this capability, it understands
200 requested operational depth (see section 3.1.1) and
201 per-path ambient depth (see section 3.1.3).
206 Commands match the prototypes:
208 command: ( command-name:word params:list )
210 The interpretation of command parameters is different from command to
213 Initially, the client initiates commands from the main command set,
214 and the server responds. Some commands in the main command set can
215 temporarily change the set of commands which may be issued, or change
216 the flow of control so that the server issues commands and the client
219 Here are some miscellaneous prototypes used by the command sets:
221 proplist: ( ( name:string value:string ) ... )
222 propdelta: ( ( name:string [ value:string ] ) ... )
223 node-kind: none|file|dir|unknown
225 lockdesc: ( path:string token:string owner:string [ comment:string ]
226 created:string [ expires:string ] )
230 There are three command sets: the main command set, the editor command
231 set, and the report command set. Initially, the protocol begins in
232 the main command set with the client sending commands; some commands
233 can change the command set and possibly the direction of control.
235 3.1.1. Main Command Set
237 The main command set corresponds to the svn_ra interfaces. After each
238 main command is issued by the client, the server sends an auth-request
239 as described in section 2. (If no new authentication is required, the
240 auth-request contains an empty mechanism list, and the server proceeds
241 immediately to sending the command response.) Some commands include a
242 second place for auth-request point as noted below.
245 params: ( url:string )
250 response: ( rev:number )
253 params: ( date:string )
254 response: ( rev:number )
257 params: ( rev:number name:string ? value:string )
259 If value is not specified, the rev-prop is removed.
260 (Originally the value was required; for minimum impact, it was
261 changed to be optional without creating an optional tuple for
262 that one parameter as we normally do.)
265 params: ( rev:number )
266 response: ( props:proplist )
269 params: ( rev:number name:string )
270 response: ( [ value:string ] )
273 params: ( logmsg:string ? ( ( lock-path:string lock-token:string ) ... )
274 keep-locks:bool ? rev-props:proplist )
276 Upon receiving response, client switches to editor command set.
277 Upon successful completion of edit, server sends auth-request.
278 After auth exchange completes, server sends commit-info.
279 commit-info: ( new-rev:number date:string author:string
280 ? ( post-commit-err:string ) )
283 params: ( path:string [ rev:number ] want-props:bool want-contents:bool )
284 response: ( [ checksum:string ] rev:number props:proplist )
285 If want-contents is specified, then after sending response, server
286 sends file contents as a series of strings, terminated by the empty
287 string, followed by a second empty command response to indicate
288 whether an error occurred during the sending of the file.
291 params: ( path:string [ rev:number ] want-props:bool want-contents:bool
292 ? ( field:dirent-field ... ) )
293 response: ( rev:number props:proplist ( entry:dirent ... ) )]
294 dirent: ( name:string kind:node-kind size:number has-props:bool
295 created-rev:number [ created-date:string ]
296 [ last-author:string ] )
297 dirent-field: kind | size | has-props | created-rev | time | last-author
301 params: ( path:string [ rev:number ] )
302 response: ( kind:node-kind )
303 If path is non-existent, 'svn_node_none' kind is returned.
306 params: ( path:string [ rev:number ] )
307 response: ( ? entry:dirent )
308 dirent: ( name:string kind:node-kind size:number has-props:bool
309 created-rev:number [ created-date:string ]
310 [ last-author:string ] )
311 New in svn 1.2. If path is non-existent, an empty response is returned.
314 params: ( ( path:string ... ) [ rev:number ] inherit:word
316 response: ( ( ( path:string merge-info:string ) ... ) )
317 New in svn 1.5. If no paths are specified, an empty response is
318 returned. If rev is not specified, the youngest revision is used.
321 params: ( [ rev:number ] target:string recurse:bool
322 ? depth:word send_copyfrom_param:bool )
323 Client switches to report command set.
324 Upon finish-report, server sends auth-request.
325 After auth exchange completes, server switches to editor command set.
326 After edit completes, server sends response.
330 params: ( [ rev:number ] target:string recurse:bool url:string
332 Client switches to report command set.
333 Upon finish-report, server sends auth-request.
334 After auth exchange completes, server switches to editor command set.
335 After edit completes, server sends response.
339 params: ( target:string recurse:bool ? [ rev:number ] ? depth:word )
340 Client switches to report command set.
341 Upon finish-report, server sends auth-request.
342 After auth exchange completes, server switches to editor command set.
343 After edit completes, server sends response.
347 params: ( [ rev:number ] target:string recurse:bool ignore-ancestry:bool
348 url:string ? text-deltas:bool ? depth:word )
349 Client switches to report command set.
350 Upon finish-report, server sends auth-request.
351 After auth exchange completes, server switches to editor command set.
352 After edit completes, server sends response.
356 params: ( ( target-path:string ... ) [ start-rev:number ]
357 [ end-rev:number ] changed-paths:bool strict-node:bool
359 ? include-merged-revisions:bool
360 all-revprops | revprops
361 ? ( revprop:string ... ) )
362 Before sending response, server sends log entries, ending with "done".
363 If a client does not want to specify a limit, it should send 0 as the
364 limit parameter. rev-props excludes author, date, and log; they are
365 sent separately for backwards-compatibility.
366 log-entry: ( ( change:changed-path-entry ... ) rev:number
367 [ author:string ] [ date:string ] [ message:string ]
368 ? has-children:bool invalid-revnum:bool
369 revprop-count:number rev-props:proplist )
371 changed-path-entry: ( path:string A|D|R|M [ copy-path:string ]
372 [ copy-rev:number ] )
376 params: ( path:string peg-rev:number ( rev:number ... ) )
377 Before sending response, server sends location entries, ending with "done".
378 location-entry: ( rev:number abs-path:number ) | done
381 get-location-segments
382 params: ( path:string [ start-rev:number ] [ end-rev:number ] )
383 Before sending response, server sends location entries, ending with "done".
384 location-entry: ( range-start:number range-end:number [ abs-path:string ] ) | done
388 params: ( path:string [ start-rev:number ] [ end-rev:number ]
389 ? include-merged-revisions:bool )
390 Before sending response, server sends file-rev entries, ending with "done".
391 file-rev: ( path:string rev:number rev-props:proplist
392 file-props:propdelta ? merged-revision:bool )
394 After each file-rev, the file delta is sent as one or more strings,
395 terminated by the empty string. If there is no delta, server just sends
400 params: ( path:string [ comment:string ] steal-lock:bool
401 [ current-rev:number ] )
402 response: ( lock:lockdesc )
405 params: ( [ comment:string ] steal-lock:bool ( ( path:string
406 [ current-rev:number ] ) ... ) )
407 Before sending response, server sends lock cmd status and descriptions,
409 lock-info: ( success ( lock:lockdesc ) ) | ( failure ( err:error ) )
414 params: ( path:string [ token:string ] break-lock:bool )
418 params: ( break-lock:bool ( ( path:string [ token:string ] ) ... ) )
419 Before sending response, server sends unlocked paths, ending with "done".
420 pre-response: ( success ( path:string ) ) | ( failure ( err:error ) )
425 params: ( path:string )
426 response: ( [ lock:lockdesc ] )
429 params: ( path:string )
430 response ( ( lock:lockdesc ... ) )
433 params: ( revision:number low-water-mark:number send-deltas:bool )
434 After auth exchange completes, server switches to editor command set.
435 After edit completes, server sends response.
439 params: ( start-rev:number end-rev:number low-water-mark:number
441 After auth exchange completes, server sends each revision
442 from start-rev to end-rev, alternating between sending 'revprops'
443 entries and sending the revision in the editor command set.
444 After all revisions are complete, server sends response.
445 revprops: ( revprops:word props:proplist )
446 (revprops here is the literal word "revprops".)
449 3.1.2. Editor Command Set
451 An edit operation produces only one response, at close-edit or
452 abort-edit time. However, the consumer may write an error response at
453 any time during the edit in order to terminate the edit operation
454 early; the driver must notice that input is waiting on the connection,
455 read the error, and send an abort-edit operation. After an error is
456 returned, the consumer must read and discard editing operations until
457 the abort-edit. In order to prevent TCP deadlock, the consumer must
458 use non-blocking I/O to send an early error response; if writing
459 blocks, the consumer must read and discard edit operations until
460 writing unblocks or it reads an abort-edit.
463 params: ( rev:number )
466 params: ( [ rev:number ] root-token:string )
469 params: ( path:string rev:number dir-token:string )
472 params: ( path:string parent-token:string child-token:string
473 [ copy-path:string copy-rev:number ] )
476 params: ( path:string parent-token:string child-token:string rev:number )
479 params: ( dir-token:string name:string [ value:string ] )
482 params: ( dir-token:string )
485 params: ( path:string parent-token:string )
488 params: ( path:string dir-token:string file-token:string
489 [ copy-path:string copy-rev:number ] )
492 params: ( path:string dir-token:string file-token:string rev:number )
495 params: ( file-token:string [ base-checksum:string ] )
498 params: ( file-token:string chunk:string )
501 params: ( file-token:string )
504 params: ( file-token:string name:string [ value:string ] )
507 params: ( file-token:string [ text-checksum:string ] )
510 params: ( path:string parent-token:string )
522 Only delivered from server to client, at the end of a replay.
524 3.1.3. Report Command Set
526 To reduce round-trip delays, report commands do not return responses.
527 Any errors resulting from a report call will be returned to the client
528 by the command which invoked the report (following an abort-edit
529 call). Errors resulting from an abort-report call are ignored.
532 params: ( path:string rev:number start-empty:bool
533 ? [ lock-token:string ] ? depth:word )
536 params: ( path:string )
539 params: ( path:string url:string rev:number start-empty:bool
540 ? [ lock-token:string ] ? depth:word )
551 This protocol may be extended in three ways, in decreasing order of
554 * Items may be added to any tuple. An old implementation will
555 ignore the extra items.
557 * Named extensions may be expressed at connection initiation time
558 by the client or server.
560 * The protocol version may be bumped. Clients and servers can then
561 choose to any range of protocol versions.
563 4.1. Extending existing commands
565 Extending an existing command is normally done by indicating that its
566 tuple is allowed to end where it currently ends, for backwards
567 compatibility, and then tacking on a new, possibly optional, item.
569 For example, diff was extended to include a new mandatory text-deltas
573 params: ( [ rev:number ] target:string recurse:bool ignore-ancestry:bool
576 params: ( [ rev:number ] target:string recurse:bool ignore-ancestry:bool
577 url:string ? text-deltas:bool )
579 The "?" says that the tuple is allowed to end here, because an old
580 client or server wouldn't know to send the new item.
582 For optional parameters, a slightly different approach must be used.
583 set-path was extended to include lock-tokens like this:
586 params: ( path:string rev:number start-empty:bool )
589 params: ( path:string rev:number start-empty:bool ? [ lock-token:string ] )
591 The new item appears in brackets because, even in the new protocol,
592 the lock-token is still optional. However, if there's no lock-token
593 to send, an empty tuple must still be transmitted so that future
594 extensions to this command remain possible.