Move drift.org back to its original location.

[Worg.git] / org-hacks.org

#+OPTIONS:    H:3 num:nil toc:t \n:nil @:t ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t TeX:t LaTeX:t skip:nil d:(HIDE) tags:not-in-toc
#+STARTUP:    align fold nodlcheck hidestars oddeven lognotestate
#+SEQ_TODO:   TODO(t) INPROGRESS(i) WAITING(w@) | DONE(d) CANCELED(c@)
#+TAGS:       Write(w) Update(u) Fix(f) Check(c)
#+TITLE:      Org ad hoc code, quick hacks and workarounds
#+AUTHOR:     Worg people
#+EMAIL:      mdl AT imapmail DOT org
#+LANGUAGE:   en
#+PRIORITIES: A C B
#+CATEGORY:   worg

# This file is the default header for new Org files in Worg.  Feel free
# to tailor it to your needs.

[[file:index.org][{Back to Worg's index}]]

This page is for ad hoc bits of code. Feel free to add quick hacks and
workaround. Go crazy.

* Hacking Org: Working within Org-mode.
** Building and Managing Org
*** Compiling Org without make
:PROPERTIES:
:CUSTOM_ID: compiling-org-without-make
:END:

This file is the result of  [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/15264][one of our discussions]] on the mailing list.
Enhancements welcome.

To use this function, adjust the variables =my/org-lisp-directory= and
=my/org-compile-sources= to suite your needs.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar my/org-lisp-directory "~/.emacs.d/org/lisp"
  "Directory where your org-mode files live.")

(defvar my/org-compile-sources t
  "If `nil', never compile org-sources. `my/compile-org' will only create
the autoloads file `org-install.el' then. If `t', compile the sources, too.")

;; Customize:
(setq my/org-lisp-directory "~/.emacs.d/org/lisp")

;; Customize:
(setq  my/org-compile-sources t)

(defun my/compile-org(&optional directory)
  "Compile all *.el files that come with org-mode."
  (interactive)
  (setq directory (concat
                        (file-truename
                    (or directory my/org-lisp-directory)) "/"))

  (add-to-list 'load-path directory)

  (let ((list-of-org-files (file-expand-wildcards (concat directory "*.el"))))

    ;; create the org-install file
    (require 'autoload)
    (setq esf/org-install-file (concat directory "org-install.el"))
    (find-file esf/org-install-file)
    (erase-buffer)
    (mapc (lambda (x)
            (generate-file-autoloads x))
          list-of-org-files)
    (insert "\n(provide (quote org-install))\n")
    (save-buffer)
    (kill-buffer)
    (byte-compile-file esf/org-install-file t)

    (dolist (f list-of-org-files)
      (if (file-exists-p (concat f "c")) ; delete compiled files
          (delete-file (concat f "c")))
      (if my/org-compile-sources     ; Compile, if `my/org-compile-sources' is t
          (byte-compile-file f)))))
#+END_SRC
*** Reload Org

As of Org version 6.23b (released Sunday Feb 22, 2009) there is a new
function to reload org files.

Normally you want to use the compiled files since they are faster.
If you update your org files you can easily reload them with

: M-x org-reload

If you run into a bug and want to generate a useful backtrace you can
reload the source files instead of the compiled files with

: C-u M-x org-reload

and turn on the "Enter Debugger On Error" option.  Redo the action
that generates the error and cut and paste the resulting backtrace.
To switch back to the compiled version just reload again with

: M-x org-reload

*** Check for possibly problematic old link escapes
:PROPERTIES:
:CUSTOM_ID: check-old-link-escapes
:END:

Starting with version 7.5 Org uses [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding][percent escaping]] more consistently
and with a modified algorithm to determine which characters to escape
and how.

As a side effect this modified behaviour might break existing links if
they contain a sequence of characters that look like a percent escape
(e.g. =[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}=) but are in fact not a percent escape.

The function below can be used to perform a preliminary check for such
links in an Org mode file.  It will run through all links in the file
and issue a warning if it finds a percent escape sequence which is not
in old Org's list of known percent escapes.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
  (defun dmaus/org-check-percent-escapes ()
    "*Check buffer for possibly problematic old link escapes."
    (interactive)
    (when (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
      (let ((old-escapes '("%20" "%5B" "%5D" "%E0" "%E2" "%E7" "%E8" "%E9"
                           "%EA" "%EE" "%F4" "%F9" "%FB" "%3B" "%3D" "%2B")))
        (unless (boundp 'warning-suppress-types)
          (setq warning-suppress-types nil))
        (widen)
        (show-all)
        (goto-char (point-min))
        (while (re-search-forward org-any-link-re nil t)
          (let ((end (match-end 0)))
            (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
            (while (re-search-forward "%[0-9a-zA-Z]\\{2\\}" end t)
              (let ((escape (match-string-no-properties 0)))
                (unless (member (upcase escape) old-escapes)
                  (warn "Found unknown percent escape sequence %s at buffer %s, position %d"
                        escape
                        (buffer-name)
                        (- (point) 3)))))
            (goto-char end))))))
#+end_src

** Structure Movement and Editing 
*** Show next/prev heading tidily
- Dan Davison
  These close the current heading and open the next/previous heading.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ded/org-show-next-heading-tidily ()
  "Show next entry, keeping other entries closed."
  (if (save-excursion (end-of-line) (outline-invisible-p))
      (progn (org-show-entry) (show-children))
    (outline-next-heading)
    (unless (and (bolp) (org-on-heading-p))
      (org-up-heading-safe)
      (hide-subtree)
      (error "Boundary reached"))
    (org-overview)
    (org-reveal t)
    (org-show-entry)
    (show-children)))

(defun ded/org-show-previous-heading-tidily ()
  "Show previous entry, keeping other entries closed."
  (let ((pos (point)))
    (outline-previous-heading)
    (unless (and (< (point) pos) (bolp) (org-on-heading-p))
      (goto-char pos)
      (hide-subtree)
      (error "Boundary reached"))
    (org-overview)
    (org-reveal t)
    (org-show-entry)
    (show-children)))

(setq org-use-speed-commands t)
(add-to-list 'org-speed-commands-user
             '("n" ded/org-show-next-heading-tidily))
(add-to-list 'org-speed-commands-user
             '("p" ded/org-show-previous-heading-tidily))
#+end_src

*** Promote all items in subtree
- Matt Lundin

This function will promote all items in a subtree. Since I use
subtrees primarily to organize projects, the function is somewhat
unimaginatively called my-org-un-project:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun my-org-un-project ()
  (interactive)
  (org-map-entries 'org-do-promote "LEVEL>1" 'tree)
  (org-cycle t))
#+end_src

*** Turn a heading into an Org link
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: heading-to-link
    :END:

From David Maus:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
  (defun dmj:turn-headline-into-org-mode-link ()
    "Replace word at point by an Org mode link."
    (interactive)
    (when (org-at-heading-p)
      (let ((hl-text (nth 4 (org-heading-components))))
        (unless (or (null hl-text)
                    (org-string-match-p "^[ \t]*:[^:]+:$" hl-text))
          (beginning-of-line)
          (search-forward hl-text (point-at-eol))
          (replace-string
           hl-text
           (format "[[file:%s.org][%s]]"
                   (org-link-escape hl-text)
                   (org-link-escape hl-text '((?\] . "%5D") (?\[ . "%5B"))))
           nil (- (point) (length hl-text)) (point))))))
#+end_src

*** Using M-up and M-down to transpose paragraphs

From Paul Sexton: By default, if used within ordinary paragraphs in
org mode, =M-up= and =M-down= transpose *lines* (not sentences).  The
following code makes these keys transpose paragraphs, keeping the
point at the start of the moved paragraph. Behavior in tables and
headings is unaffected. It would be easy to modify this to transpose
sentences.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-transpose-paragraphs (arg)
 (interactive)
 (when (and (not (or (org-at-table-p) (org-on-heading-p) (org-at-item-p)))
            (thing-at-point 'sentence))
   (transpose-paragraphs arg)
   (backward-paragraph)
   (re-search-forward "[[:graph:]]")
   (goto-char (match-beginning 0))
   t))

(add-to-list 'org-metaup-hook 
 (lambda () (interactive) (org-transpose-paragraphs -1)))
(add-to-list 'org-metadown-hook 
 (lambda () (interactive) (org-transpose-paragraphs 1)))
#+end_src
*** Changelog support for org headers
-- James TD Smith

Put the following in your =.emacs=, and =C-x 4 a= and other functions which
use =add-log-current-defun= like =magit-add-log= will pick up the nearest org
headline as the "current function" if you add a changelog entry from an org
buffer.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (defun org-log-current-defun ()
    (save-excursion
      (org-back-to-heading)
      (if (looking-at org-complex-heading-regexp)
          (match-string 4))))

  (add-hook 'org-mode-hook
            (lambda ()
              (make-variable-buffer-local 'add-log-current-defun-function)
              (setq add-log-current-defun-function 'org-log-current-defun)))
#+END_SRC

*** Different org-cycle-level behavior
-- Ryan Thompson

In recent org versions, when your point (cursor) is at the end of an
empty header line (like after you first created the header), the TAB
key (=org-cycle=) has a special behavior: it cycles the headline through
all possible levels. However, I did not like the way it determined
"all possible levels," so I rewrote the whole function, along with a
couple of supporting functions.

The original function's definition of "all possible levels" was "every
level from 1 to one more than the initial level of the current
headline before you started cycling." My new definition is "every
level from 1 to one more than the previous headline's level." So, if
you have a headline at level 4 and you use ALT+RET to make a new
headline below it, it will cycle between levels 1 and 5, inclusive.

The main advantage of my custom =org-cycle-level= function is that it
is stateless: the next level in the cycle is determined entirely by
the contents of the buffer, and not what command you executed last.
This makes it more predictable, I hope.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(require 'cl)

(defun org-point-at-end-of-empty-headline ()
  "If point is at the end of an empty headline, return t, else nil."
  (and (looking-at "[ \t]*$")
       (save-excursion
         (beginning-of-line 1)
         (looking-at (concat "^\\(\\*+\\)[ \t]+\\(" org-todo-regexp "\\)?[ \t]*")))))

(defun org-level-increment ()
  "Return the number of stars that will be added or removed at a
time to headlines when structure editing, based on the value of
`org-odd-levels-only'."
  (if org-odd-levels-only 2 1))

(defvar org-previous-line-level-cached nil)

(defun org-recalculate-previous-line-level ()
  "Same as `org-get-previous-line-level', but does not use cached
value. It does *set* the cached value, though."
  (set 'org-previous-line-level-cached
       (let ((current-level (org-current-level))
             (prev-level (when (> (line-number-at-pos) 1)
                           (save-excursion
                             (previous-line)
                             (org-current-level)))))
         (cond ((null current-level) nil) ; Before first headline
               ((null prev-level) 0)      ; At first headline
               (prev-level)))))

(defun org-get-previous-line-level ()
  "Return the outline depth of the last headline before the
current line. Returns 0 for the first headline in the buffer, and
nil if before the first headline."
  ;; This calculation is quite expensive, with all the regex searching
  ;; and stuff. Since org-cycle-level won't change lines, we can reuse
  ;; the last value of this command.
  (or (and (eq last-command 'org-cycle-level)
           org-previous-line-level-cached)
      (org-recalculate-previous-line-level)))

(defun org-cycle-level ()
  (interactive)
  (let ((org-adapt-indentation nil))
    (when (org-point-at-end-of-empty-headline)
      (setq this-command 'org-cycle-level) ;Only needed for caching
      (let ((cur-level (org-current-level))
            (prev-level (org-get-previous-line-level)))
        (cond
         ;; If first headline in file, promote to top-level.
         ((= prev-level 0)
          (loop repeat (/ (- cur-level 1) (org-level-increment))
                do (org-do-promote)))
         ;; If same level as prev, demote one.
         ((= prev-level cur-level)
          (org-do-demote))
         ;; If parent is top-level, promote to top level if not already.
         ((= prev-level 1)
          (loop repeat (/ (- cur-level 1) (org-level-increment))
                do (org-do-promote)))
         ;; If top-level, return to prev-level.
         ((= cur-level 1)
          (loop repeat (/ (- prev-level 1) (org-level-increment))
                do (org-do-demote)))
         ;; If less than prev-level, promote one.
         ((< cur-level prev-level)
          (org-do-promote))
         ;; If deeper than prev-level, promote until higher than
         ;; prev-level.
         ((> cur-level prev-level)
          (loop repeat (+ 1 (/ (- cur-level prev-level) (org-level-increment)))
                do (org-do-promote))))
        t))))
#+END_SRC

*** Count words in an Org buffer
#FIXME: Does not fit too well under Structure. Any idea where to put it?
Paul Sexton [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/38014][posted]] this function to count words in an Org buffer:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-word-count (beg end
                           &optional count-latex-macro-args?
                           count-footnotes?)
  "Report the number of words in the Org mode buffer or selected region.
Ignores:
- comments
- tables
- source code blocks (#+BEGIN_SRC ... #+END_SRC, and inline blocks)
- hyperlinks (but does count words in hyperlink descriptions)
- tags, priorities, and TODO keywords in headers
- sections tagged as 'not for export'.

The text of footnote definitions is ignored, unless the optional argument
COUNT-FOOTNOTES? is non-nil.

If the optional argument COUNT-LATEX-MACRO-ARGS? is non-nil, the word count
includes LaTeX macro arguments (the material between {curly braces}).
Otherwise, and by default, every LaTeX macro counts as 1 word regardless
of its arguments."
  (interactive "r")
  (unless mark-active
    (setf beg (point-min)
          end (point-max)))
  (let ((wc 0)
        (latex-macro-regexp "\\\\[A-Za-z]+\\(\\[[^]]*\\]\\|\\){\\([^}]*\\)}"))
    (save-excursion
      (goto-char beg)
      (while (< (point) end)
        (cond
         ;; Ignore comments.
         ((or (org-in-commented-line) (org-at-table-p))
          nil)
         ;; Ignore hyperlinks. But if link has a description, count
         ;; the words within the description.
         ((looking-at org-bracket-link-analytic-regexp)
          (when (match-string-no-properties 5)
            (let ((desc (match-string-no-properties 5)))
              (save-match-data
                (incf wc (length (remove "" (org-split-string
                                             desc "\\W")))))))
          (goto-char (match-end 0)))
         ((looking-at org-any-link-re)
          (goto-char (match-end 0)))
         ;; Ignore source code blocks.
         ((org-in-regexps-block-p "^#\\+BEGIN_SRC\\W" "^#\\+END_SRC\\W")
          nil)
         ;; Ignore inline source blocks, counting them as 1 word.
         ((save-excursion
            (backward-char)
            (looking-at org-babel-inline-src-block-regexp))
          (goto-char (match-end 0))
          (setf wc (+ 2 wc)))
         ;; Count latex macros as 1 word, ignoring their arguments.
         ((save-excursion
            (backward-char)
            (looking-at latex-macro-regexp))
          (goto-char (if count-latex-macro-args?
                         (match-beginning 2)
                       (match-end 0)))
          (setf wc (+ 2 wc)))
         ;; Ignore footnotes.
         ((and (not count-footnotes?)
               (or (org-footnote-at-definition-p)
                   (org-footnote-at-reference-p)))
          nil)
         (t
          (let ((contexts (org-context)))
            (cond
             ;; Ignore tags and TODO keywords, etc.
             ((or (assoc :todo-keyword contexts)
                  (assoc :priority contexts)
                  (assoc :keyword contexts)
                  (assoc :checkbox contexts))
              nil)
             ;; Ignore sections marked with tags that are
             ;; excluded from export.
             ((assoc :tags contexts)
              (if (intersection (org-get-tags-at) org-export-exclude-tags
                                :test 'equal)
                  (org-forward-same-level 1)
                nil))
             (t
              (incf wc))))))
        (re-search-forward "\\w+\\W*")))
    (message (format "%d words in %s." wc
                     (if mark-active "region" "buffer")))))
#+end_src

** Org Table
*** Transpose tables (Juan Pechiar)

This function by Juan Pechiar will transpose a table:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-transpose-table-at-point ()
  "Transpose orgmode table at point, eliminate hlines"
  (interactive)
  (let ((contents
         (apply #'mapcar* #'list
                ;; remove 'hline from list
                (remove-if-not 'listp
                               ;; signals error if not table
                               (org-table-to-lisp)))))
    (delete-region (org-table-begin) (org-table-end))
    (insert (mapconcat (lambda(x) (concat "| " (mapconcat 'identity x " | " ) "  |\n" ))
                       contents ""))
    (org-table-align)))
#+end_src

So a table like

: | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 |
: |---+---+---+---|
: | a | b | c | d |
: | e | f | g | h |

will be transposed as

: | 1 | a | e |
: | 2 | b | f |
: | 4 | c | g |
: | 5 | d | h |

(Note that horizontal lines disappeared.)

*** Manipulate hours/minutes/seconds in table formulas

Both Bastien and Martin Halder have posted code ([[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/39519][Bastien's code]] and
[[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/39519][Martin's code]]) for interpreting =dd:dd= or =dd:dd:dd= strings (where
"=d=" is any digit) as time values in Org-mode table formula.  These
functions have now been wrapped up into a =with-time= macro which can
be used in table formula to translate table cell values to and from
numerical values for algebraic manipulation.

Here is the code implementing this macro.
#+begin_src emacs-lisp :results silent
  (defun org-time-string-to-seconds (s)
    "Convert a string HH:MM:SS to a number of seconds."
    (cond
     ((and (stringp s)
           (string-match "\\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\)" s))
      (let ((hour (string-to-number (match-string 1 s)))
            (min (string-to-number (match-string 2 s)))
            (sec (string-to-number (match-string 3 s))))
        (+ (* hour 3600) (* min 60) sec)))
     ((and (stringp s)
           (string-match "\\([0-9]+\\):\\([0-9]+\\)" s))
      (let ((min (string-to-number (match-string 1 s)))
            (sec (string-to-number (match-string 2 s))))
        (+ (* min 60) sec)))
     ((stringp s) (string-to-number s))
     (t s)))

  (defun org-time-seconds-to-string (secs)
    "Convert a number of seconds to a time string."
    (cond ((>= secs 3600) (format-seconds "%h:%.2m:%.2s" secs))
          ((>= secs 60) (format-seconds "%m:%.2s" secs))
          (t (format-seconds "%s" secs))))

  (defmacro with-time (time-output-p &rest exprs)
    "Evaluate an org-table formula, converting all fields that look
  like time data to integer seconds.  If TIME-OUTPUT-P then return
  the result as a time value."
    (list
     (if time-output-p 'org-time-seconds-to-string 'identity)
     (cons 'progn
           (mapcar
            (lambda (expr)
              `,(cons (car expr)
                      (mapcar
                       (lambda (el)
                         (if (listp el)
                             (list 'with-time nil el)
                           (org-time-string-to-seconds el)))
                       (cdr expr))))
            `,@exprs))))
#+end_src

Which allows the following forms of table manipulation such as adding
and subtracting time values.
: | Date             | Start | Lunch |  Back |   End |  Sum |
: |------------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+------|
: | [2011-03-01 Tue] |  8:00 | 12:00 | 12:30 | 18:15 | 9:45 |
: #+TBLFM: $6='(with-time t (+ (- $5 $4) (- $3 $2)))

and dividing time values by integers
: |  time | miles | minutes/mile |
: |-------+-------+--------------|
: | 34:43 |   2.9 |        11:58 |
: | 32:15 |  2.77 |        11:38 |
: | 33:56 |   3.0 |        11:18 |
: | 52:22 |  4.62 |        11:20 |
: #+TBLFM: $3='(with-time t (/ $1 $2))

*Update*: As of Org version 7.6, you can use the =T= flag (both in Calc and
Elisp formulas) to compute time durations.  For example:

: | Task 1 | Task 2 |   Total |
: |--------+--------+---------|
: |  35:00 |  35:00 | 1:10:00 |
: #+TBLFM: @2$3=$1+$2;T

*** Dates computation

Xin Shi [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/15692][asked]] for a way to calculate the duration of 
dates stored in an org table.

Nick Dokos [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/15694][suggested]]:

Try the following:

| Start Date |   End Date | Duration |
|------------+------------+----------|
| 2004.08.07 | 2005.07.08 |      335 |
:#+TBLFM: $3=(date(<$2>)-date(<$1>))

See [[http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/7741][this thread]] as well as [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/7753][this post]] (which is really a followup on the
above).  The problem that this last article pointed out was solved in [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/8001][this
post]] and Chris Randle's original musings are [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/6536/][here]].

*** Hex computation

As with Times computation, the following code allows Computation with
Hex values in Org-mode tables using the =with-hex= macro.

Here is the code implementing this macro.
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
  (defun org-hex-strip-lead (str)
    (if (and (> (length str) 2) (string= (substring str 0 2) "0x"))
        (substring str 2) str))

  (defun org-hex-to-hex (int)
    (format "0x%x" int))

  (defun org-hex-to-dec (str)
    (cond
     ((and (stringp str)
           (string-match "\\([0-9a-f]+\\)" (setf str (org-hex-strip-lead str))))
      (let ((out 0))
        (mapc
         (lambda (ch)
           (setf out (+ (* out 16)
                        (if (and (>= ch 48) (<= ch 57)) (- ch 48) (- ch 87)))))
         (coerce (match-string 1 str) 'list))
        out))
     ((stringp str) (string-to-number str))
     (t str)))

  (defmacro with-hex (hex-output-p &rest exprs)
    "Evaluate an org-table formula, converting all fields that look
      like hexadecimal to decimal integers.  If HEX-OUTPUT-P then
      return the result as a hex value."
    (list
     (if hex-output-p 'org-hex-to-hex 'identity)
     (cons 'progn
           (mapcar
            (lambda (expr)
              `,(cons (car expr)
                      (mapcar (lambda (el)
                                (if (listp el)
                                    (list 'with-hex nil el)
                                  (org-hex-to-dec el)))
                              (cdr expr))))
            `,@exprs))))
#+end_src

Which allows the following forms of table manipulation such as adding
and subtracting hex values.
| 0x10 | 0x0 | 0x10 |  16 |
| 0x20 | 0x1 | 0x21 |  33 |
| 0x30 | 0x2 | 0x32 |  50 |
| 0xf0 | 0xf | 0xff | 255 |
#+TBLFM: $3='(with-hex 'hex (+ $2 $1))::$4='(with-hex nil (identity $3))

*** Field coordinates in formulas (=@#= and =$#=)

-- Michael Brand

Following are some use cases that can be implemented with the
_field coordinates in formulas_ described in the corresponding
chapter in the [[http://orgmode.org/manual/References.html#References][Org manual]], available since =org-version= 6.35.

**** Copy a column from a remote table into a column

current column =$3= = remote column =$2=:
: #+TBLFM: $3 = remote(FOO, @@#$2)

**** Copy a row from a remote table transposed into a column

current column =$1= = transposed remote row =@1=:
: #+TBLFM: $1 = remote(FOO, @$#$@#)

**** Transpose a table

-- Michael Brand

This is more like a demonstration of using _field coordinates in formulas_
to [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transpose][transpose]] a table or to do it without using org-babel.  The efficient
and simple solution for this with the help of org-babel and Emacs Lisp has
been provided by Thomas S. Dye on the [[http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/23809/focus=23815][mailing list]].

To transpose this 4x7 table

: #+TBLNAME: FOO
: | year | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 |
: |------+------+------+------+------+------+------|
: | min  |  401 |  501 |  601 |  701 |  801 |  901 |
: | avg  |  402 |  502 |  602 |  702 |  802 |  902 |
: | max  |  403 |  503 |  603 |  703 |  803 |  903 |

start with a 7x4 table without any horizontal line (to have filled
also the column header) and yet empty:

: |   |   |   |   |
: |   |   |   |   |
: |   |   |   |   |
: |   |   |   |   |
: |   |   |   |   |
: |   |   |   |   |
: |   |   |   |   |

Then add the =TBLFM= below with the same formula repeated for each column.
After recalculation this will end up with the transposed copy:

: | year | min | avg | max |
: | 2004 | 401 | 402 | 403 |
: | 2005 | 501 | 502 | 503 |
: | 2006 | 601 | 602 | 603 |
: | 2007 | 701 | 702 | 703 |
: | 2008 | 801 | 802 | 803 |
: | 2009 | 901 | 902 | 903 |
: #+TBLFM: $1 = remote(FOO, @$#$@#) :: $2 = remote(FOO, @$#$@#) :: $3 = remote(FOO, @$#$@#) :: $4 = remote(FOO, @$#$@#)

The formulas simply exchange row and column numbers by taking
- the absolute remote row number =@$#= from the current column number =$#=
- the absolute remote column number =$@#= from the current row number =@#=

Possible field formulas from the remote table will have to be transferred
manually.  Since there are no row formulas yet there is no need to transfer
column formulas to row formulas or vice versa.

**** Dynamic variation of ranges

-- Michael Brand

In this example all columns next to =quote= are calculated from the column
=quote= and show the average change of the time series =quote[year]=
during the period of the preceding =1=, =2=, =3= or =4= years:

: | year | quote |   1 a |   2 a |   3 a |   4 a |
: |------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------|
: | 2005 |    10 |       |       |       |       |
: | 2006 |    12 | 0.200 |       |       |       |
: | 2007 |    14 | 0.167 | 0.183 |       |       |
: | 2008 |    16 | 0.143 | 0.155 | 0.170 |       |
: | 2009 |    18 | 0.125 | 0.134 | 0.145 | 0.158 |
: #+TBLFM: $3=if(@# >= $#, ($2 / subscr(@-I$2..@+I$2, @# + 1 - $#)) ^ (1 / ($# - 2)) - 1, string("")); f3::$4=if(@# >= $#, ($2 / subscr(@-I$2..@+I$2, @# + 1 - $#)) ^ (1 / ($# - 2)) - 1, string("")); f3::$5=if(@# >= $#, ($2 / subscr(@-I$2..@+I$2, @# + 1 - $#)) ^ (1 / ($# - 2)) - 1, string("")); f3::$6=if(@# >= $#, ($2 / subscr(@-I$2..@+I$2, @# + 1 - $#)) ^ (1 / ($# - 2)) - 1, string("")); f3

The formula is the same for each column =$3= through =$6=.  This can easily
be seen with the great formula editor invoked by C-c ' on the
table. The important part of the formula without the field blanking is:

: ($2 / subscr(@-I$2..@+I$2, @# + 1 - $#)) ^ (1 / ($# - 2)) - 1

which is the Emacs Calc implementation of the equation

/AvgChange(i, a) = (quote[i] / quote[i - a]) ^ 1 / n - 1/

where /i/ is the current time and /a/ is the length of the preceding period.

** Capture and Remember
*** Customize the size of the frame for remember
(Note: this hack is likely out of date due to the development of
[[org-capture]].)

#FIXME: gmane link?
On emacs-orgmode, Ryan C. Thompson suggested this:

#+begin_quote
I am using org-remember set to open a new frame when used,
and the default frame size is much too large. To fix this, I have
designed some advice and a custom variable to implement custom
parameters for the remember frame:
#+end_quote

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defcustom remember-frame-alist nil
  "Additional frame parameters for dedicated remember frame."
  :type 'alist
  :group 'remember)

(defadvice remember (around remember-frame-parameters activate)
  "Set some frame parameters for the remember frame."
  (let ((default-frame-alist (append remember-frame-alist
                                     default-frame-alist)))
    ad-do-it))
#+end_src

Setting remember-frame-alist to =((width . 80) (height . 15)))= give a
reasonable size for the frame.
** Handling Links
*** [[#heading-to-link][Turn a heading into an org link]] 
*** Quickaccess to the link part of hyperlinks
Christian Moe [[http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/43122][asked]], if there is a simpler way to copy the link part
of an org hyperling other than to use `C-c C-l C-a C-k C-g', 
which is indeed kind of cumbersome.

The thread offered [[http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/43606][two ways]]:

Using a [[http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Keyboard-Macros.html][keyboard macro]]:
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(fset 'getlink
      (lambda (&optional arg) 
        "Keyboard macro." 
        (interactive "p") 
        (kmacro-exec-ring-item (quote ("\C-c\C-l\C-a\C-k\C-g" 0 "%d")) arg)))
#+end_src

or a function: 
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun my-org-extract-link ()
  "Extract the link location at point and put it on the killring."
  (interactive)
  (when (org-in-regexp org-bracket-link-regexp 1)
    (kill-new (org-link-unescape (org-match-string-no-properties 1)))))
#+end_src

They put the link destination on the killring and can be easily bound to a key.

** Archiving Content in Org-Mode
*** Preserve top level headings when archiving to a file
- Matt Lundin

To preserve (somewhat) the integrity of your archive structure while
archiving lower level items to a file, you can use the following
defadvice:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defadvice org-archive-subtree (around my-org-archive-subtree activate)
  (let ((org-archive-location
         (if (save-excursion (org-back-to-heading)
                             (> (org-outline-level) 1))
             (concat (car (split-string org-archive-location "::"))
                     "::* "
                     (car (org-get-outline-path)))
           org-archive-location)))
    ad-do-it))
#+end_src

Thus, if you have an outline structure such as...

#+begin_src org
,* Heading
,** Subheading
,*** Subsubheading
#+end_src

...archiving "Subsubheading" to a new file will set the location in
the new file to the top level heading:

#+begin_src org
,* Heading
,** Subsubheading
#+end_src

While this hack obviously destroys the outline hierarchy somewhat, it
at least preserves the logic of level one groupings.

A slightly more complex version of this hack will not only keep the
archive organized by top-level headings, but will also preserve the
tags found on those headings:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
  (defun my-org-inherited-no-file-tags ()
    (let ((tags (org-entry-get nil "ALLTAGS" 'selective))
          (ltags (org-entry-get nil "TAGS")))
      (mapc (lambda (tag)
              (setq tags
                    (replace-regexp-in-string (concat tag ":") "" tags)))
            (append org-file-tags (when ltags (split-string ltags ":" t))))
      (if (string= ":" tags) nil tags)))

  (defadvice org-archive-subtree (around my-org-archive-subtree-low-level activate)
    (let ((tags (my-org-inherited-no-file-tags))
          (org-archive-location
           (if (save-excursion (org-back-to-heading)
                               (> (org-outline-level) 1))
               (concat (car (split-string org-archive-location "::"))
                       "::* "
                       (car (org-get-outline-path)))
             org-archive-location)))
      ad-do-it
      (with-current-buffer (find-file-noselect (org-extract-archive-file))
        (save-excursion
          (while (org-up-heading-safe))
          (org-set-tags-to tags)))))
#+end_src

*** Archive in a date tree

Posted to Org-mode mailing list by Osamu Okano [2010-04-21 Wed].

(Make sure org-datetree.el is loaded for this to work.)

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
;; (setq org-archive-location "%s_archive::date-tree")
(defadvice org-archive-subtree
  (around org-archive-subtree-to-data-tree activate)
  "org-archive-subtree to date-tree"
  (if
      (string= "date-tree"
               (org-extract-archive-heading
                (org-get-local-archive-location)))
      (let* ((dct (decode-time (org-current-time)))
             (y (nth 5 dct))
             (m (nth 4 dct))
             (d (nth 3 dct))
             (this-buffer (current-buffer))
             (location (org-get-local-archive-location))
             (afile (org-extract-archive-file location))
             (org-archive-location
              (format "%s::*** %04d-%02d-%02d %s" afile y m d
                      (format-time-string "%A" (encode-time 0 0 0 d m y)))))
        (message "afile=%s" afile)
        (unless afile
          (error "Invalid `org-archive-location'"))
        (save-excursion
          (switch-to-buffer (find-file-noselect afile))
          (org-datetree-find-year-create y)
          (org-datetree-find-month-create y m)
          (org-datetree-find-day-create y m d)
          (widen)
          (switch-to-buffer this-buffer))
        ad-do-it)
    ad-do-it))
#+end_src

*** Add inherited tags to archived entries

To make =org-archive-subtree= keep inherited tags, Osamu OKANO suggests to
advise the function like this:

#+begin_example
(defadvice org-archive-subtree
  (before add-inherited-tags-before-org-archive-subtree activate)
    "add inherited tags before org-archive-subtree"
    (org-set-tags-to (org-get-tags-at)))
#+end_example

** Using and Managing Org-Metadata
*** Remove redundant tags of headlines
-- David Maus

A small function that processes all headlines in current buffer and
removes tags that are local to a headline and inherited by a parent
headline or the #+FILETAGS: statement.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
  (defun dmj/org-remove-redundant-tags ()
    "Remove redundant tags of headlines in current buffer.

  A tag is considered redundant if it is local to a headline and
  inherited by a parent headline."
    (interactive)
    (when (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
      (save-excursion
        (org-map-entries
         '(lambda ()
            (let ((alltags (split-string (or (org-entry-get (point) "ALLTAGS") "") ":"))
                  local inherited tag)
              (dolist (tag alltags)
                (if (get-text-property 0 'inherited tag)
                    (push tag inherited) (push tag local)))
              (dolist (tag local)
                (if (member tag inherited) (org-toggle-tag tag 'off)))))
         t nil))))
#+END_SRC

*** Remove empty property drawers

David Maus proposed this:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun dmj:org:remove-empty-propert-drawers ()
  "*Remove all empty property drawers in current file."
  (interactive)
  (unless (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
    (error "You need to turn on Org mode for this function."))
  (save-excursion
    (goto-char (point-min))
    (while (re-search-forward ":PROPERTIES:" nil t)
      (save-excursion
        (org-remove-empty-drawer-at "PROPERTIES" (match-beginning 0))))))
#+end_src

*** Group task list by a property

This advice allows you to group a task list in Org-Mode.  To use it,
set the variable =org-agenda-group-by-property= to the name of a
property in the option list for a TODO or TAGS search.  The resulting
agenda view will group tasks by that property prior to searching.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defvar org-agenda-group-by-property nil
  "Set this in org-mode agenda views to group tasks by property")

(defun org-group-bucket-items (prop items)
  (let ((buckets ()))
    (dolist (item items)
      (let* ((marker (get-text-property 0 'org-marker item))
             (pvalue (org-entry-get marker prop t))
             (cell (assoc pvalue buckets)))
        (if cell
            (setcdr cell (cons item (cdr cell)))
          (setq buckets (cons (cons pvalue (list item))
                              buckets)))))
    (setq buckets (mapcar (lambda (bucket)
                            (cons (car bucket)
                                  (reverse (cdr bucket))))
                          buckets))
    (sort buckets (lambda (i1 i2)
                    (string< (car i1) (car i2))))))

(defadvice org-finalize-agenda-entries (around org-group-agenda-finalize
                                               (list &optional nosort))
  "Prepare bucketed agenda entry lists"
  (if org-agenda-group-by-property
      ;; bucketed, handle appropriately
      (let ((text ""))
        (dolist (bucket (org-group-bucket-items
                         org-agenda-group-by-property
                         list))
          (let ((header (concat "Property "
                                org-agenda-group-by-property
                                " is "
                                (or (car bucket) "<nil>") ":\n")))
            (add-text-properties 0 (1- (length header))
                                 (list 'face 'org-agenda-structure)
                                 header)
            (setq text
                  (concat text header
                          ;; recursively process
                          (let ((org-agenda-group-by-property nil))
                            (org-finalize-agenda-entries
                             (cdr bucket) nosort))
                          "\n\n"))))
        (setq ad-return-value text))
    ad-do-it))
(ad-activate 'org-finalize-agenda-entries)
#+end_src
*** A way to tag a task so that when clocking-out user is prompted to take a note.
    Thanks to Richard Riley (see [[http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/40896][this post on the mailing list]]).

A small hook run when clocking out of a task that prompts for a note
when the tag "=clockout_note=" is found in a headline. It uses the tag
("=clockout_note=") so inheritance can also be used...

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
  (defun rgr/check-for-clock-out-note()
        (interactive)
        (save-excursion
          (org-back-to-heading)
          (let ((tags (org-get-tags)))
            (and tags (message "tags: %s " tags)
                 (when (member "clocknote" tags)
                   (org-add-note))))))

  (add-hook 'org-clock-out-hook 'rgr/check-for-clock-out-note)
#+end_src
*** Dynamically adjust tag position
Here is a bit of code that allows you to have the tags always
right-adjusted in the buffer.

This is useful when you have bigger window than default window-size
and you dislike the aesthetics of having the tag in the middle of the
line.

This hack solves the problem of adjusting it whenever you change the
window size.
Before saving it will revert the file to having the tag position be
left-adjusted so that if you track your files with version control,
you won't run into artificial diffs just because the window-size
changed.

*IMPORTANT*: This is probably slow on very big files.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq ba/org-adjust-tags-column t)

(defun ba/org-adjust-tags-column-reset-tags ()
  "In org-mode buffers it will reset tag position according to
`org-tags-column'."
  (when (and
         (not (string= (buffer-name) "*Remember*"))
         (eql major-mode 'org-mode))
    (let ((b-m-p (buffer-modified-p)))
      (condition-case nil
          (save-excursion
            (goto-char (point-min))
            (command-execute 'outline-next-visible-heading)
            ;; disable (message) that org-set-tags generates
            (flet ((message (&rest ignored) nil))
              (org-set-tags 1 t))
            (set-buffer-modified-p b-m-p))
        (error nil)))))

(defun ba/org-adjust-tags-column-now ()
  "Right-adjust `org-tags-column' value, then reset tag position."
  (set (make-local-variable 'org-tags-column)
       (- (- (window-width) (length org-ellipsis))))
  (ba/org-adjust-tags-column-reset-tags))

(defun ba/org-adjust-tags-column-maybe ()
  "If `ba/org-adjust-tags-column' is set to non-nil, adjust tags."
  (when ba/org-adjust-tags-column
    (ba/org-adjust-tags-column-now)))

(defun ba/org-adjust-tags-column-before-save ()
  "Tags need to be left-adjusted when saving."
  (when ba/org-adjust-tags-column
     (setq org-tags-column 1)
     (ba/org-adjust-tags-column-reset-tags)))

(defun ba/org-adjust-tags-column-after-save ()
  "Revert left-adjusted tag position done by before-save hook."
  (ba/org-adjust-tags-column-maybe)
  (set-buffer-modified-p nil))

; automatically align tags on right-hand side
(add-hook 'window-configuration-change-hook
          'ba/org-adjust-tags-column-maybe)
(add-hook 'before-save-hook 'ba/org-adjust-tags-column-before-save)
(add-hook 'after-save-hook 'ba/org-adjust-tags-column-after-save)
(add-hook 'org-agenda-mode-hook '(lambda ()
                                  (setq org-agenda-tags-column (- (window-width)))))

; between invoking org-refile and displaying the prompt (which
; triggers window-configuration-change-hook) tags might adjust,
; which invalidates the org-refile cache
(defadvice org-refile (around org-refile-disable-adjust-tags)
  "Disable dynamically adjusting tags"
  (let ((ba/org-adjust-tags-column nil))
    ad-do-it))
(ad-activate 'org-refile)
#+end_src
*** Use an "attach" link type to open files without worrying about their location

-- Darlan Cavalcante Moreira

In the setup part in my org-files I put:

#+begin_src org
  ,#+LINK: attach elisp:(org-open-file (org-attach-expand "%s"))
#+end_src org

Now I can use the "attach" link type, but org will ask me if I want to
allow executing the elisp code.  To avoid this you can even set
org-confirm-elisp-link-function to nil (I don't like this because it allows
any elisp code in links) or you can set org-confirm-elisp-link-not-regexp
appropriately.

In my case I use

: (setq org-confirm-elisp-link-not-regexp "org-open-file")

This works very well.

** Org Agenda and Task Management
*** Make it easier to set org-agenda-files from multiple directories
- Matt Lundin

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun my-org-list-files (dirs ext)
  "Function to create list of org files in multiple subdirectories.
This can be called to generate a list of files for
org-agenda-files or org-refile-targets.

DIRS is a list of directories.

EXT is a list of the extensions of files to be included."
  (let ((dirs (if (listp dirs)
                  dirs
                (list dirs)))
        (ext (if (listp ext)
                 ext
               (list ext)))
        files)
    (mapc
     (lambda (x)
       (mapc
        (lambda (y)
          (setq files
                (append files
                        (file-expand-wildcards
                         (concat (file-name-as-directory x) "*" y)))))
        ext))
     dirs)
    (mapc
     (lambda (x)
       (when (or (string-match "/.#" x)
                 (string-match "#$" x))
         (setq files (delete x files))))
     files)
    files))

(defvar my-org-agenda-directories '("~/org/")
  "List of directories containing org files.")
(defvar my-org-agenda-extensions '(".org")
  "List of extensions of agenda files")

(setq my-org-agenda-directories '("~/org/" "~/work/"))
(setq my-org-agenda-extensions '(".org" ".ref"))

(defun my-org-set-agenda-files ()
  (interactive)
  (setq org-agenda-files (my-org-list-files
                          my-org-agenda-directories
                          my-org-agenda-extensions)))

(my-org-set-agenda-files)
#+end_src

The code above will set your "default" agenda files to all files
ending in ".org" and ".ref" in the directories "~/org/" and "~/work/".
You can change these values by setting the variables
my-org-agenda-extensions and my-org-agenda-directories. The function
my-org-agenda-files-by-filetag uses these two variables to determine
which files to search for filetags (i.e., the larger set from which
the subset will be drawn).

You can also easily use my-org-list-files to "mix and match"
directories and extensions to generate different lists of agenda
files.

*** Restrict org-agenda-files by filetag
  :PROPERTIES:
  :CUSTOM_ID: set-agenda-files-by-filetag
  :END:
- Matt Lundin

It is often helpful to limit yourself to a subset of your agenda
files. For instance, at work, you might want to see only files related
to work (e.g., bugs, clientA, projectxyz, etc.). The FAQ has helpful
information on filtering tasks using [[file:org-faq.org::#limit-agenda-with-tag-filtering][filetags]] and [[file:org-faq.org::#limit-agenda-with-category-match][custom agenda
commands]]. These solutions, however, require reapplying a filter each
time you call the agenda or writing several new custom agenda commands
for each context. Another solution is to use directories for different
types of tasks and to change your agenda files with a function that
sets org-agenda-files to the appropriate directory. But this relies on
hard and static boundaries between files.

The following functions allow for a more dynamic approach to selecting
a subset of files based on filetags:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun my-org-agenda-restrict-files-by-filetag (&optional tag)
  "Restrict org agenda files only to those containing filetag."
  (interactive)
  (let* ((tagslist (my-org-get-all-filetags))
         (ftag (or tag
                   (completing-read "Tag: "
                                    (mapcar 'car tagslist)))))
    (org-agenda-remove-restriction-lock 'noupdate)
    (put 'org-agenda-files 'org-restrict (cdr (assoc ftag tagslist)))
    (setq org-agenda-overriding-restriction 'files)))

(defun my-org-get-all-filetags ()
  "Get list of filetags from all default org-files."
  (let ((files org-agenda-files)
        tagslist x)
    (save-window-excursion
      (while (setq x (pop files))
        (set-buffer (find-file-noselect x))
        (mapc
         (lambda (y)
           (let ((tagfiles (assoc y tagslist)))
             (if tagfiles
                 (setcdr tagfiles (cons x (cdr tagfiles)))
               (add-to-list 'tagslist (list y x)))))
         (my-org-get-filetags)))
      tagslist)))

(defun my-org-get-filetags ()
  "Get list of filetags for current buffer"
  (let ((ftags org-file-tags)
        x)
    (mapcar
     (lambda (x)
       (org-substring-no-properties x))
     ftags)))
#+end_src

Calling my-org-agenda-restrict-files-by-filetag results in a prompt
with all filetags in your "normal" agenda files. When you select a
tag, org-agenda-files will be restricted to only those files
containing the filetag. To release the restriction, type C-c C-x >
(org-agenda-remove-restriction-lock).

*** Highlight the agenda line under cursor

This is useful to make sure what task you are operating on.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'org-agenda-mode-hook '(lambda () (hl-line-mode 1)))
#+END_SRC

Under XEmacs:

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
;; hl-line seems to be only for emacs
(require 'highline)
(add-hook 'org-agenda-mode-hook '(lambda () (highline-mode 1)))

;; highline-mode does not work straightaway in tty mode.
;; I use a black background
(custom-set-faces
  '(highline-face ((((type tty) (class color))
                    (:background "white" :foreground "black")))))
#+END_SRC

*** Split horizontally for agenda

If you would like to split the frame into two side-by-side windows when
displaying the agenda, try this hack from Jan Rehders, which uses the
`toggle-window-split' from

http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/ToggleWindowSplit

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
;; Patch org-mode to use vertical splitting
(defadvice org-prepare-agenda (after org-fix-split)
  (toggle-window-split))
(ad-activate 'org-prepare-agenda)
#+END_SRC

*** Automatically add an appointment when clocking in a task

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
;; Make sure you have a sensible value for `appt-message-warning-time'
(defvar bzg-org-clock-in-appt-delay 100
  "Number of minutes for setting an appointment by clocking-in")
#+END_SRC

This function let's you add an appointment for the current entry.
This can be useful when you need a reminder.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun bzg-org-clock-in-add-appt (&optional n)
  "Add an appointment for the Org entry at point in N minutes."
  (interactive)
  (save-excursion
    (org-back-to-heading t)
    (looking-at org-complex-heading-regexp)
    (let* ((msg (match-string-no-properties 4))
           (ct-time (decode-time))
           (appt-min (+ (cadr ct-time)
                        (or n bzg-org-clock-in-appt-delay)))
           (appt-time ; define the time for the appointment
            (progn (setf (cadr ct-time) appt-min) ct-time)))
      (appt-add (format-time-string
                 "%H:%M" (apply 'encode-time appt-time)) msg)
      (if (interactive-p) (message "New appointment for %s" msg)))))
#+END_SRC

You can advise =org-clock-in= so that =C-c C-x C-i= will automatically
add an appointment:

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice org-clock-in (after org-clock-in-add-appt activate)
  "Add an appointment when clocking a task in."
  (bzg-org-clock-in-add-appt))
#+END_SRC

You may also want to delete the associated appointment when clocking
out.  This function does this:

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defun bzg-org-clock-out-delete-appt nil
  "When clocking out, delete any associated appointment."
  (interactive)
  (save-excursion
    (org-back-to-heading t)
    (looking-at org-complex-heading-regexp)
    (let* ((msg (match-string-no-properties 4)))
      (setq appt-time-msg-list
            (delete nil
                    (mapcar
                     (lambda (appt)
                       (if (not (string-match (regexp-quote msg)
                                              (cadr appt))) appt))
                     appt-time-msg-list)))
      (appt-check))))
#+END_SRC

And here is the advice for =org-clock-out= (=C-c C-x C-o=)

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defadvice org-clock-out (before org-clock-out-delete-appt activate)
  "Delete an appointment when clocking a task out."
  (bzg-org-clock-out-delete-appt))
#+END_SRC

*IMPORTANT*: You can add appointment by clocking in in both an
=org-mode= and an =org-agenda-mode= buffer.  But clocking out from
agenda buffer with the advice above will bring an error.

*** Remove time grid lines that are in an appointment

The agenda shows lines for the time grid.  Some people think that
these lines are a distraction when there are appointments at those
times.  You can get rid of the lines which coincide exactly with the
beginning of an appointment.  Michael Ekstrand has written a piece of
advice that also removes lines that are somewhere inside an
appointment:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun org-time-to-minutes (time)
  "Convert an HHMM time to minutes"
  (+ (* (/ time 100) 60) (% time 100)))

(defun org-time-from-minutes (minutes)
  "Convert a number of minutes to an HHMM time"
  (+ (* (/ minutes 60) 100) (% minutes 60)))

(defadvice org-agenda-add-time-grid-maybe (around mde-org-agenda-grid-tweakify
                                                  (list ndays todayp))
  (if (member 'remove-match (car org-agenda-time-grid))
      (flet ((extract-window
              (line)
              (let ((start (get-text-property 1 'time-of-day line))
                    (dur (get-text-property 1 'duration line)))
                (cond
                 ((and start dur)
                  (cons start
                        (org-time-from-minutes
                         (+ dur (org-time-to-minutes start)))))
                 (start start)
                 (t nil)))))
        (let* ((windows (delq nil (mapcar 'extract-window list)))
               (org-agenda-time-grid
                (list (car org-agenda-time-grid)
                      (cadr org-agenda-time-grid)
                      (remove-if
                       (lambda (time)
                         (find-if (lambda (w)
                                    (if (numberp w)
                                        (equal w time)
                                      (and (>= time (car w))
                                           (< time (cdr w)))))
                                  windows))
                       (caddr org-agenda-time-grid)))))
          ad-do-it))
    ad-do-it))
(ad-activate 'org-agenda-add-time-grid-maybe)
#+end_src
*** Disable vc for Org mode agenda files
-- David Maus

Even if you use Git to track your agenda files you might not need
vc-mode to be enabled for these files.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'find-file-hook 'dmj/disable-vc-for-agenda-files-hook)
(defun dmj/disable-vc-for-agenda-files-hook ()
  "Disable vc-mode for Org agenda files."
  (if (and (fboundp 'org-agenda-file-p)
           (org-agenda-file-p (buffer-file-name)))
      (remove-hook 'find-file-hook 'vc-find-file-hook)
    (add-hook 'find-file-hook 'vc-find-file-hook)))
#+end_src

*** Easy customization of TODO colors
-- Ryan C. Thompson

Here is some code I came up with some code to make it easier to
customize the colors of various TODO keywords. As long as you just
want a different color and nothing else, you can customize the
variable org-todo-keyword-faces and use just a string color (i.e. a
string of the color name) as the face, and then org-get-todo-face
will convert the color to a face, inheriting everything else from
the standard org-todo face.

To demonstrate, I currently have org-todo-keyword-faces set to

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(("IN PROGRESS" . "dark orange")
 ("WAITING" . "red4")
 ("CANCELED" . "saddle brown"))
#+END_SRC

  Here's the code, in a form you can put in your =.emacs=

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(eval-after-load 'org-faces
 '(progn
    (defcustom org-todo-keyword-faces nil
      "Faces for specific TODO keywords.
This is a list of cons cells, with TODO keywords in the car and
faces in the cdr.  The face can be a symbol, a color, or a
property list of attributes, like (:foreground \"blue\" :weight
bold :underline t)."
      :group 'org-faces
      :group 'org-todo
      :type '(repeat
              (cons
               (string :tag "Keyword")
               (choice color (sexp :tag "Face")))))))

(eval-after-load 'org
 '(progn
    (defun org-get-todo-face-from-color (color)
      "Returns a specification for a face that inherits from org-todo
 face and has the given color as foreground. Returns nil if
 color is nil."
      (when color
        `(:inherit org-warning :foreground ,color)))

    (defun org-get-todo-face (kwd)
      "Get the right face for a TODO keyword KWD.
If KWD is a number, get the corresponding match group."
      (if (numberp kwd) (setq kwd (match-string kwd)))
      (or (let ((face (cdr (assoc kwd org-todo-keyword-faces))))
            (if (stringp face)
                (org-get-todo-face-from-color face)
              face))
          (and (member kwd org-done-keywords) 'org-done)
          'org-todo))))
#+END_SRC

*** Add an effort estimate on the fly when clocking in

You can use =org-clock-in-prepare-hook= to add an effort estimate.
This way you can easily have a "tea-timer" for your tasks when they
don't already have an effort estimate.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'org-clock-in-prepare-hook
          'my-org-mode-ask-effort)

(defun my-org-mode-ask-effort ()
  "Ask for an effort estimate when clocking in."
  (unless (org-entry-get (point) "Effort")
    (let ((effort
           (completing-read
            "Effort: "
            (org-entry-get-multivalued-property (point) "Effort"))))
      (unless (equal effort "")
        (org-set-property "Effort" effort)))))
#+end_src

Or you can use a default effort for such a timer:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'org-clock-in-prepare-hook
          'my-org-mode-add-default-effort)

(defvar org-clock-default-effort "1:00")

(defun my-org-mode-add-default-effort ()
  "Add a default effort estimation."
  (unless (org-entry-get (point) "Effort")
    (org-set-property "Effort" org-clock-default-effort)))
#+end_src

*** Refresh the agenda view regurally

Hack sent by Kiwon Um:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun kiwon/org-agenda-redo-in-other-window ()
  "Call org-agenda-redo function even in the non-agenda buffer."
  (interactive)
  (let ((agenda-window (get-buffer-window org-agenda-buffer-name t)))
    (when agenda-window
      (with-selected-window agenda-window (org-agenda-redo)))))
(run-at-time nil 300 'kiwon/org-agenda-redo-in-other-window)
#+end_src

*** Reschedule agenda items to today with a single command

This was suggested by Carsten in reply to David Abrahams:

#+begin_example emacs-lisp
(defun org-agenda-reschedule-to-today ()
  (interactive)
  (flet ((org-read-date (&rest rest) (current-time)))
    (call-interactively 'org-agenda-schedule)))
#+end_example

*** Mark subtree DONE along with all subheadings

Bernt Hansen [[http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/44693][suggested]] this command:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun bh/mark-subtree-done ()
  (interactive)
  (org-mark-subtree)
  (let ((limit (point)))
    (save-excursion
      (exchange-point-and-mark)
      (while (> (point) limit)
        (org-todo "DONE")
        (outline-previous-visible-heading 1))
      (org-todo "DONE"))))
#+end_src

Then M-x bh/mark-subtree-done.

** Exporting org files
*** Specifying LaTeX commands to floating environments
    :PROPERTIES:
    :CUSTOM_ID: latex-command-for-floats
    :END:

The keyword ~placement~ can be used to specify placement options to
floating environments (like =\begin{figure}= and =\begin{table}=}) in
LaTeX export. Org passes along everything passed in options as long as
there are no spaces. One can take advantage of this to pass other
LaTeX commands and have their scope limited to the floating
environment.

For example one can set the fontsize of a table different from the
default normal size by putting something like =\footnotesize= right
after the placement options. During LaTeX export using the
~#+ATTR_LaTeX:~ line below:

#+begin_src org
  ,#+ATTR_LaTeX: placement=[<options>]\footnotesize
#+end_src

exports the associated floating environment as shown in the following
block.

#+begin_src latex
\begin{table}[<options>]\footnotesize
...
\end{table}
#+end_src

It should be noted that this hack does not work for beamer export of
tables since the =table= environment is not used. As an ugly
workaround, one can use the following:

#+begin_src org
  ,#+LATEX: {\footnotesize
  ,#+ATTR_LaTeX: align=rr
  ,| some | table |
  ,|------+-------|
  ,| ..   | ..    |
  ,#+LATEX: }
#+end_src

*** Styling code sections with CSS

Code sections (marked with =#+begin_src= and =#+end_src=) are exported
to HTML using =<pre>= tags, and assigned CSS classes by their content
type.  For example, Perl content will have an opening tag like
=<pre class="src src-perl">=.  You can use those classes to add styling
to the output, such as here where a small language tag is added at the
top of each kind of code box:

#+begin_src lisp
(setq org-export-html-style
 "<style type=\"text/css\">
    <!--/*--><![CDATA[/*><!--*/
      .src             { background-color: #F5FFF5; position: relative; overflow: visible; }
      .src:before      { position: absolute; top: -15px; background: #ffffff; padding: 1px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: small; }
      .src-sh:before   { content: 'sh'; }
      .src-bash:before { content: 'sh'; }
      .src-R:before    { content: 'R'; }
      .src-perl:before { content: 'Perl'; }
      .src-sql:before  { content: 'SQL'; }
      .example         { background-color: #FFF5F5; }
    /*]]>*/-->
 </style>")
#+end_src

Additionally, we use color to distinguish code output (the =.example=
class) from input (all the =.src-*= classes).

* Hacking Org: Working with Org-mode and other Emacs Packages.
** org-remember-anything

[[http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/Anything][Anything]] users may find the snippet below interesting:

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(defvar org-remember-anything
  '((name . "Org Remember")
    (candidates . (lambda () (mapcar 'car org-remember-templates)))
    (action . (lambda (name)
                (let* ((orig-template org-remember-templates)
                       (org-remember-templates
                        (list (assoc name orig-template))))
                  (call-interactively 'org-remember))))))
#+END_SRC

You can add it to your 'anything-sources' variable and open remember directly
from anything. I imagine this would be more interesting for people with many
remember templates, so that you are out of keys to assign those to.

** Org-mode and saveplace.el

Fix a problem with saveplace.el putting you back in a folded position:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(add-hook 'org-mode-hook
          (lambda ()
            (when (outline-invisible-p)
              (save-excursion
                (outline-previous-visible-heading 1)
                (org-show-subtree)))))
#+end_src

** Using ido-completing-read to find attachments
-- Matt Lundin.

Org-attach is great for quickly linking files to a project. But if you
use org-attach extensively you might find yourself wanting to browse
all the files you've attached to org headlines. This is not easy to do
manually, since the directories containing the files are not human
readable (i.e., they are based on automatically generated ids). Here's
some code to browse those files using ido (obviously, you need to be
using ido):

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(load-library "find-lisp")

;; Adapted from http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/RecentFiles

(defun my-ido-find-org-attach ()
  "Find files in org-attachment directory"
  (interactive)
  (let* ((enable-recursive-minibuffers t)
         (files (find-lisp-find-files org-attach-directory "."))
         (file-assoc-list
          (mapcar (lambda (x)
                    (cons (file-name-nondirectory x)
                          x))
                  files))
         (filename-list
          (remove-duplicates (mapcar #'car file-assoc-list)
                             :test #'string=))
         (filename (ido-completing-read "Org attachments: " filename-list nil t))
         (longname (cdr (assoc filename file-assoc-list))))
    (ido-set-current-directory
     (if (file-directory-p longname)
         longname
       (file-name-directory longname)))
    (setq ido-exit 'refresh
          ido-text-init ido-text
          ido-rotate-temp t)
    (exit-minibuffer)))

(add-hook 'ido-setup-hook 'ido-my-keys)

(defun ido-my-keys ()
  "Add my keybindings for ido."
  (define-key ido-completion-map (kbd "C-;") 'my-ido-find-org-attach))
#+end_src

To browse your org attachments using ido fuzzy matching and/or the
completion buffer, invoke ido-find-file as usual (=C-x C-f=) and then
press =C-;=.

** Use idle timer for automatic agenda views

From John Wiegley's mailing list post (March 18, 2010):

#+begin_quote
I have the following snippet in my .emacs file, which I find very
useful. Basically what it does is that if I don't touch my Emacs for 5
minutes, it displays the current agenda. This keeps my tasks "always
in mind" whenever I come back to Emacs after doing something else,
whereas before I had a tendency to forget that it was there.
#+end_quote

  - [[http://mid.gmane.org/55590EA7-C744-44E5-909F-755F0BBE452D@gmail.com][John Wiegley: Displaying your Org agenda after idle time]]

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun jump-to-org-agenda ()
  (interactive)
  (let ((buf (get-buffer "*Org Agenda*"))
        wind)
    (if buf
        (if (setq wind (get-buffer-window buf))
            (select-window wind)
          (if (called-interactively-p)
              (progn
                (select-window (display-buffer buf t t))
                (org-fit-window-to-buffer)
                ;; (org-agenda-redo)
                )
            (with-selected-window (display-buffer buf)
              (org-fit-window-to-buffer)
              ;; (org-agenda-redo)
              )))
      (call-interactively 'org-agenda-list)))
  ;;(let ((buf (get-buffer "*Calendar*")))
  ;;  (unless (get-buffer-window buf)
  ;;    (org-agenda-goto-calendar)))
  )

(run-with-idle-timer 300 t 'jump-to-org-agenda)
#+end_src

#+results:
: [nil 0 300 0 t jump-to-org-agenda nil idle]

** Link to Gnus messages by Message-Id

In a [[http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/8860][recent thread]] on the Org-Mode mailing list, there was some
discussion about linking to Gnus messages without encoding the folder
name in the link.  The following code hooks in to the store-link
function in Gnus to capture links by Message-Id when in nnml folders,
and then provides a link type "mid" which can open this link.  The
=mde-org-gnus-open-message-link= function uses the
=mde-mid-resolve-methods= variable to determine what Gnus backends to
scan.  It will go through them, in order, asking each to locate the
message and opening it from the first one that reports success.

It has only been tested with a single nnml backend, so there may be
bugs lurking here and there.

The logic for finding the message was adapted from [[http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/FindMailByMessageId][an Emacs Wiki
article]].

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
;; Support for saving Gnus messages by Message-ID
(defun mde-org-gnus-save-by-mid ()
  (when (memq major-mode '(gnus-summary-mode gnus-article-mode))
    (when (eq major-mode 'gnus-article-mode)
      (gnus-article-show-summary))
    (let* ((group gnus-newsgroup-name)
           (method (gnus-find-method-for-group group)))
      (when (eq 'nnml (car method))
        (let* ((article (gnus-summary-article-number))
               (header (gnus-summary-article-header article))
               (from (mail-header-from header))
               (message-id
                (save-match-data
                  (let ((mid (mail-header-id header)))
                    (if (string-match "<\\(.*\\)>" mid)
                        (match-string 1 mid)
                      (error "Malformed message ID header %s" mid)))))
               (date (mail-header-date header))
               (subject (gnus-summary-subject-string)))
          (org-store-link-props :type "mid" :from from :subject subject
                                :message-id message-id :group group
                                :link (org-make-link "mid:" message-id))
          (apply 'org-store-link-props
                 :description (org-email-link-description)
                 org-store-link-plist)
          t)))))

(defvar mde-mid-resolve-methods '()
  "List of methods to try when resolving message ID's.  For Gnus,
it is a cons of 'gnus and the select (type and name).")
(setq mde-mid-resolve-methods
      '((gnus nnml "")))

(defvar mde-org-gnus-open-level 1
  "Level at which Gnus is started when opening a link")
(defun mde-org-gnus-open-message-link (msgid)
  "Open a message link with Gnus"
  (require 'gnus)
  (require 'org-table)
  (catch 'method-found
    (message "[MID linker] Resolving %s" msgid)
    (dolist (method mde-mid-resolve-methods)
      (cond
       ((and (eq (car method) 'gnus)
             (eq (cadr method) 'nnml))
        (funcall (cdr (assq 'gnus org-link-frame-setup))
                 mde-org-gnus-open-level)
        (when gnus-other-frame-object
          (select-frame gnus-other-frame-object))
        (let* ((msg-info (nnml-find-group-number
                          (concat "<" msgid ">")
                          (cdr method)))
               (group (and msg-info (car msg-info)))
               (message (and msg-info (cdr msg-info)))
               (qname (and group
                           (if (gnus-methods-equal-p
                                (cdr method)
                                gnus-select-method)
                               group
                             (gnus-group-full-name group (cdr method))))))
          (when msg-info
            (gnus-summary-read-group qname nil t)
            (gnus-summary-goto-article message nil t))
          (throw 'method-found t)))
       (t (error "Unknown link type"))))))

(eval-after-load 'org-gnus
  '(progn
     (add-to-list 'org-store-link-functions 'mde-org-gnus-save-by-mid)
     (org-add-link-type "mid" 'mde-org-gnus-open-message-link)))
#+end_src

** Store link upon sending a message in Gnus

Ulf Stegemann came up with this solution (see his [[http://www.mail-archive.com/emacs-orgmode@gnu.org/msg33278.html][original message]]):

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun ulf-message-send-and-org-gnus-store-link (&optional arg)
  "Send message with `message-send-and-exit' and store org link to message copy.
If multiple groups appear in the Gcc header, the link refers to
the copy in the last group."
  (interactive "P")
    (save-excursion
      (save-restriction
        (message-narrow-to-headers)
        (let ((gcc (car (last
                         (message-unquote-tokens
                          (message-tokenize-header
                           (mail-fetch-field "gcc" nil t) " ,")))))
              (buf (current-buffer))
              (message-kill-buffer-on-exit nil)
              id to from subject desc link newsgroup xarchive)
        (message-send-and-exit arg)
        (or
         ;; gcc group found ...
         (and gcc
              (save-current-buffer
                (progn (set-buffer buf)
                       (setq id (org-remove-angle-brackets
                                 (mail-fetch-field "Message-ID")))
                       (setq to (mail-fetch-field "To"))
                       (setq from (mail-fetch-field "From"))
                       (setq subject (mail-fetch-field "Subject"))))
              (org-store-link-props :type "gnus" :from from :subject subject
                                    :message-id id :group gcc :to to)
              (setq desc (org-email-link-description))
              (setq link (org-gnus-article-link
                          gcc newsgroup id xarchive))
              (setq org-stored-links
                    (cons (list link desc) org-stored-links)))
         ;; no gcc group found ...
         (message "Can not create Org link: No Gcc header found."))))))

(define-key message-mode-map [(control c) (control meta c)]
  'ulf-message-send-and-org-gnus-store-link)
#+end_src

** Send html messages and attachments with Wanderlust
  -- David Maus

/Note/: The module [[file:org-contrib/org-mime.org][Org-mime]] in Org's contrib directory provides
similar functionality for both Wanderlust and Gnus.  The hack below is
still somewhat different: It allows you to toggle sending of html
messages within Wanderlust transparently.  I.e. html markup of the
message body is created right before sending starts.

*** Send HTML message

Putting the code below in your .emacs adds following four functions:

- dmj/wl-send-html-message

  Function that does the job: Convert everything between "--text
  follows this line--" and first mime entity (read: attachment) or
  end of buffer into html markup using `org-export-region-as-html'
  and replaces original body with a multipart MIME entity with the
  plain text version of body and the html markup version.  Thus a
  recipient that prefers html messages can see the html markup,
  recipients that prefer or depend on plain text can see the plain
  text.

  Cannot be called interactively: It is hooked into SEMI's
  `mime-edit-translate-hook' if message should be HTML message.

- dmj/wl-send-html-message-draft-init

  Cannot be called interactively: It is hooked into WL's
  `wl-mail-setup-hook' and provides a buffer local variable to
  toggle.

- dmj/wl-send-html-message-draft-maybe

  Cannot be called interactively: It is hooked into WL's
  `wl-draft-send-hook' and hooks `dmj/wl-send-html-message' into
  `mime-edit-translate-hook' depending on whether HTML message is
  toggled on or off

- dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggle

  Toggles sending of HTML message.  If toggled on, the letters
  "HTML" appear in the mode line.

  Call it interactively!  Or bind it to a key in `wl-draft-mode'.

If you have to send HTML messages regularly you can set a global
variable `dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p' to the string "HTML" to
toggle on sending HTML message by default.

The image [[http://s11.directupload.net/file/u/15851/48ru5wl3.png][here]] shows an example of how the HTML message looks like in
Google's web front end.  As you can see you have the whole markup of
Org at your service: *bold*, /italics/, tables, lists...

So even if you feel uncomfortable with sending HTML messages at least
you send HTML that looks quite good.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun dmj/wl-send-html-message ()
  "Send message as html message.
Convert body of message to html using
  `org-export-region-as-html'."
  (require 'org)
  (save-excursion
    (let (beg end html text)
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (re-search-forward "^--text follows this line--$")
      ;; move to beginning of next line
      (beginning-of-line 2)
      (setq beg (point))
      (if (not (re-search-forward "^--\\[\\[" nil t))
          (setq end (point-max))
        ;; line up
        (end-of-line 0)
        (setq end (point)))
      ;; grab body
      (setq text (buffer-substring-no-properties beg end))
      ;; convert to html
      (with-temp-buffer
        (org-mode)
        (insert text)
        ;; handle signature
        (when (re-search-backward "^-- \n" nil t)
          ;; preserve link breaks in signature
          (insert "\n#+BEGIN_VERSE\n")
          (goto-char (point-max))
          (insert "\n#+END_VERSE\n")
          ;; grab html
          (setq html (org-export-region-as-html
                      (point-min) (point-max) t 'string))))
      (delete-region beg end)
      (insert
       (concat
        "--" "<<alternative>>-{\n"
        "--" "[[text/plain]]\n" text
        "--" "[[text/html]]\n"  html
        "--" "}-<<alternative>>\n")))))

(defun dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggle ()
  "Toggle sending of html message."
  (interactive)
  (setq dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p
        (if dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p
            nil "HTML"))
  (message "Sending html message toggled %s"
           (if dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p
               "on" "off")))

(defun dmj/wl-send-html-message-draft-init ()
  "Create buffer local settings for maybe sending html message."
  (unless (boundp 'dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p)
    (setq dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p nil))
  (make-variable-buffer-local 'dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p)
  (add-to-list 'global-mode-string
               '(:eval (if (eq major-mode 'wl-draft-mode)
                           dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p))))

(defun dmj/wl-send-html-message-maybe ()
  "Maybe send this message as html message.

If buffer local variable `dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p' is
non-nil, add `dmj/wl-send-html-message' to
`mime-edit-translate-hook'."
  (if dmj/wl-send-html-message-toggled-p
      (add-hook 'mime-edit-translate-hook 'dmj/wl-send-html-message)
    (remove-hook 'mime-edit-translate-hook 'dmj/wl-send-html-message)))

(add-hook 'wl-draft-reedit-hook 'dmj/wl-send-html-message-draft-init)
(add-hook 'wl-mail-setup-hook 'dmj/wl-send-html-message-draft-init)
(add-hook 'wl-draft-send-hook 'dmj/wl-send-html-message-maybe)
#+end_src

*** Attach HTML of region or subtree

Instead of sending a complete HTML message you might only send parts
of an Org file as HTML for the poor souls who are plagued with
non-proportional fonts in their mail program that messes up pretty
ASCII tables.

This short function does the trick: It exports region or subtree to
HTML, prefixes it with a MIME entity delimiter and pushes to killring
and clipboard.  If a region is active, it uses the region, the
complete subtree otherwise.

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(defun dmj/org-export-region-as-html-attachment (beg end arg)
  "Export region between BEG and END as html attachment.
If BEG and END are not set, use current subtree.  Region or
subtree is exported to html without header and footer, prefixed
with a mime entity string and pushed to clipboard and killring.
When called with prefix, mime entity is not marked as
attachment."
  (interactive "r\nP")
  (save-excursion
    (let* ((beg (if (region-active-p) (region-beginning)
                  (progn
                    (org-back-to-heading)
                    (point))))
           (end (if (region-active-p) (region-end)
                  (progn
                    (org-end-of-subtree)
                    (point))))
           (html (concat "--[[text/html"
                         (if arg "" "\nContent-Disposition: attachment")
                         "]]\n"
                         (org-export-region-as-html beg end t 'string))))
      (when (fboundp 'x-set-selection)
        (ignore-errors (x-set-selection 'PRIMARY html))
        (ignore-errors (x-set-selection 'CLIPBOARD html)))
      (message "html export done, pushed to kill ring and clipboard"))))
#+end_src

*** Adopting for Gnus

The whole magic lies in the special strings that mark a HTML
attachment.  So you might just have to find out what these special
strings are in message-mode and modify the functions accordingly.
** Add sunrise/sunset times to the agenda.
  -- Nick Dokos

The diary package provides the function =diary-sunrise-sunset= which can be used
in a diary s-expression in some agenda file like this:

#+begin_src org-mode
%%(diary-sunrise-sunset)
#+end_src

Seb Vauban asked if it is possible to put sunrise and sunset in
separate lines. Here is a hack to do that. It adds two functions (they
have to be available before the agenda is shown, so I add them early
in my org-config file which is sourced from .emacs, but you'll have to
suit yourself here) that just parse the output of
diary-sunrise-sunset, instead of doing the right thing which would be
to take advantage of the data structures that diary/solar.el provides.
In short, a hack - so perfectly suited for inclusion here :-)

The functions (and latitude/longitude settings which you have to modify for
your location) are as follows:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
(setq calendar-latitude 40.3)
(setq calendar-longitude -71.0)
(defun diary-sunrise ()
  (let ((dss (diary-sunrise-sunset)))
    (with-temp-buffer
      (insert dss)
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (while (re-search-forward " ([^)]*)" nil t)
        (replace-match "" nil nil))
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (search-forward ",")
      (buffer-substring (point-min) (match-beginning 0)))))

(defun diary-sunset ()
  (let ((dss (diary-sunrise-sunset))
        start end)
    (with-temp-buffer
      (insert dss)
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (while (re-search-forward " ([^)]*)" nil t)
        (replace-match "" nil nil))
      (goto-char (point-min))
      (search-forward ", ")
      (setq start (match-end 0))
      (search-forward " at")
      (setq end (match-beginning 0))
      (goto-char start)
      (capitalize-word 1)
      (buffer-substring start end))))
#+end_src

You also need to add a couple of diary s-expressions in one of your agenda
files:

#+begin_src org-mode
%%(diary-sunrise)
%%(diary-sunset)
#+end_src

The thread on the mailing list that started this can be found [[http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/38723Here%20is%20a%20pointer%20to%20the%20thread%20on%20the%20mailing%20list][here]].
In comparison to the version posted on the mailing list, this one
gets rid of the timezone information.
* Hacking Org: Working with Org-mode and External Programs.



: I've [...] created some procmail and shell glue that takes emails and
: inserts them into an org-file so that I can capture stuff on the go using
: the email program.

That's [[http://tychoish.com/code/org-mail/][here]].

** Use Org-mode with Screen [Andrew Hyatt]

"The general idea is that you start a task in which all the work will
take place in a shell.  This usually is not a leaf-task for me, but
usually the parent of a leaf task.  From a task in your org-file, M-x
ash-org-screen will prompt for the name of a session.  Give it a name,
and it will insert a link.  Open the link at any time to go the screen
session containing your work!"

http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/5276

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
(require 'term)

(defun ash-org-goto-screen (name)
  "Open the screen with the specified name in the window"
  (interactive "MScreen name: ")
  (let ((screen-buffer-name (ash-org-screen-buffer-name name)))
    (if (member screen-buffer-name
                (mapcar 'buffer-name (buffer-list)))
        (switch-to-buffer screen-buffer-name)
      (switch-to-buffer (ash-org-screen-helper name "-dr")))))

(defun ash-org-screen-buffer-name (name)
  "Returns the buffer name corresponding to the screen name given."
  (concat "*screen " name "*"))

(defun ash-org-screen-helper (name arg)
  ;; Pick the name of the new buffer.
  (let ((term-ansi-buffer-name
         (generate-new-buffer-name
          (ash-org-screen-buffer-name name))))
    (setq term-ansi-buffer-name
          (term-ansi-make-term
           term-ansi-buffer-name "/usr/bin/screen" nil arg name))
    (set-buffer term-ansi-buffer-name)
    (term-mode)
    (term-char-mode)
    (term-set-escape-char ?\C-x)
    term-ansi-buffer-name))

(defun ash-org-screen (name)
  "Start a screen session with name"
  (interactive "MScreen name: ")
  (save-excursion
    (ash-org-screen-helper name "-S"))
  (insert-string (concat "[[screen:" name "]]")))

;; And don't forget to add ("screen" . "elisp:(ash-org-goto-screen
;; \"%s\")") to org-link-abbrev-alist.
#+END_SRC

** Org Agenda + Appt + Zenity
#+BEGIN_HTML
<a name="agenda-appt-zenity"></a>
#+END_HTML
Russell Adams posted this setup [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/5806][on the list]].  It makes sure your agenda
appointments are known by Emacs, and it displays warnings in a [[http://live.gnome.org/Zenity][zenity]]
popup window.

#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; For org appointment reminders

;; Get appointments for today
(defun my-org-agenda-to-appt ()
  (interactive)
  (setq appt-time-msg-list nil)
  (let ((org-deadline-warning-days 0))    ;; will be automatic in org 5.23
        (org-agenda-to-appt)))

;; Run once, activate and schedule refresh
(my-org-agenda-to-appt)
(appt-activate t)
(run-at-time "24:01" nil 'my-org-agenda-to-appt)

; 5 minute warnings
(setq appt-message-warning-time 15)
(setq appt-display-interval 5)

; Update appt each time agenda opened.
(add-hook 'org-finalize-agenda-hook 'my-org-agenda-to-appt)

; Setup zenify, we tell appt to use window, and replace default function
(setq appt-display-format 'window)
(setq appt-disp-window-function (function my-appt-disp-window))

(defun my-appt-disp-window (min-to-app new-time msg)
  (save-window-excursion (shell-command (concat
    "/usr/bin/zenity --info --title='Appointment' --text='"
    msg "' &") nil nil)))
#+END_SRC

** Org-Mode + gnome-osd

Richard Riley uses gnome-osd in interaction with Org-Mode to display
appointments.  You can look at the code on the [[http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs-en/OrgMode-OSD][emacswiki]].

** remind2org

From Detlef Steuer

http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/5073

#+BEGIN_QUOTE
Remind (http://www.roaringpenguin.com/products/remind) is a very powerful
command line calendaring program. Its features superseed the possibilities
of orgmode in the area of date specifying, so that I want to use it
combined with orgmode.

Using the script below I'm able use remind and incorporate its output in my
agenda views.  The default of using 13 months look ahead is easily
changed. It just happens I sometimes like to look a year into the
future. :-)
#+END_QUOTE

** Useful webjumps for conkeror

If you are using the [[http://conkeror.org][conkeror browser]], maybe you want to put this into
your =~/.conkerorrc= file:

#+begin_example
define_webjump("orglist", "http://search.gmane.org/?query=%s&group=gmane.emacs.orgmode");
define_webjump("worg", "http://www.google.com/cse?cx=002987994228320350715%3Az4glpcrritm&ie=UTF-8&q=%s&sa=Search&siteurl=orgmode.org%2Fworg%2F");
#+end_example

It creates two [[http://conkeror.org/Webjumps][webjumps]] for easily searching the Worg website and the
Org-mode mailing list.

** Use MathJax for HTML export without requiring JavaScript
As of 2010-08-14, MathJax is the default method used to export math to HTML.

If you like the results but do not want JavaScript in the exported pages,
check out [[http://www.jboecker.de/2010/08/15/staticmathjax.html][Static MathJax]], a XULRunner application which generates a static
HTML file from the exported version. It can also embed all referenced fonts
within the HTML file itself, so there are no dependencies to external files.

The download archive contains an elisp file which integrates it into the Org
export process (configurable per file with a "#+StaticMathJax:" line).

Read README.org and the comments in org-static-mathjax.el for usage instructions.
** Search Org files using lgrep

Matt Lundin suggests this:

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
  (defun my-org-grep (search &optional context)
    "Search for word in org files.

Prefix argument determines number of lines."
    (interactive "sSearch for: \nP")
    (let ((grep-find-ignored-files '("#*" ".#*"))
          (grep-template (concat "grep <X> -i -nH "
                                 (when context
                                   (concat "-C" (number-to-string context)))
                                 " -e <R> <F>")))
      (lgrep search "*org*" "/home/matt/org/")))

  (global-set-key (kbd "<f8>") 'my-org-grep)
#+end_src

** Automatic screenshot insertion

Suggested by Russell Adams

#+begin_src emacs-lisp
  (defun my-org-screenshot ()
    "Take a screenshot into a time stamped unique-named file in the
  same directory as the org-buffer and insert a link to this file."
    (interactive)
    (setq filename
          (concat
           (make-temp-name
            (concat (buffer-file-name)
                    "_"
                    (format-time-string "%Y%m%d_%H%M%S_")) ) ".png"))
    (call-process "import" nil nil nil filename)
    (insert (concat "[[" filename "]]"))
    (org-display-inline-images))
#+end_src

** Capture invitations/appointments from MS Exchange emails

Dirk-Jan C.Binnema [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/27684/][provided]] code to do this.  Please check
[[file:code/elisp/org-exchange-capture.el][org-exchange-capture.el]]

** Audio/video file playback within org mode

Paul Sexton provided code that makes =file:= links to audio or video files
(MP3, WAV, OGG, AVI, MPG, et cetera) play those files using the [[https://github.com/dbrock/bongo][Bongo]] Emacs
media player library. The user can pause, skip forward and backward in the
track, and so on from without leaving Emacs. Links can also contain a time
after a double colon -- when this is present, playback will begin at that
position in the track.

See the file [[file:code/elisp/org-player.el][org-player.el]]

** Under X11 Keep a window with the current agenda items at all time

I struggle to keep (in emacs) a window with the agenda at all times.
For a long time I have wanted a sticky window that keeps this
information, and then use my window manager to place it and remove its
decorations (I can also force its placement in the stack: top always,
for example).

I wrote a small program in qt that simply monitors an HTML file and
displays it. Nothing more. It does the work for me, and maybe somebody
else will find it useful. It relies on exporting the agenda as HTML
every time the org file is saved, and then this little program
displays the html file. The window manager is responsible of removing
decorations, making it sticky, and placing it in same place always.

Here is a screenshot (see window to the bottom right). The decorations
are removed by the window manager:

http://turingmachine.org/hacking/org-mode/orgdisplay.png

Here is the code. As I said, very, very simple, but maybe somebody will
find if useful.

http://turingmachine.org/hacking/org-mode/

--daniel german

** Script (thru procmail) to output emails to an Org file

Tycho Garen sent [[http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/44773][this]]:
* Musings

** Cooking?  Brewing?

See [[http://article.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.orgmode/44981][this message]] from Erik Hetzner:

It currently does metric/english conversion, and a few other tricks.
Basically I just use calc’s units code.  I think scaling recipes, or
turning percentages into weights would be pretty easy.

  https://gitorious.org/org-cook/org-cook

There is also, for those interested:

  https://gitorious.org/org-brew/org-brew

for brewing beer. This is again, mostly just calc functions, including
hydrometer correction, abv calculation, priming sugar for a given CO_2
volume, etc. More integration with org-mode should be possible: for
instance it would be nice to be able to use a lookup table (of ingredients)
to calculate target original gravity, IBUs, etc.