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[PostgreSQL.git] / src / backend / utils / cache / lsyscache.c

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * lsyscache.c
 *        Convenience routines for common queries in the system catalog cache.
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2009, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *        $PostgreSQL$
 *
 * NOTES
 *        Eventually, the index information should go through here, too.
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"

#include "access/hash.h"
#include "access/nbtree.h"
#include "bootstrap/bootstrap.h"
#include "catalog/pg_amop.h"
#include "catalog/pg_amproc.h"
#include "catalog/pg_constraint.h"
#include "catalog/pg_namespace.h"
#include "catalog/pg_opclass.h"
#include "catalog/pg_operator.h"
#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
#include "catalog/pg_statistic.h"
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
#include "utils/array.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/datum.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"

/* Hook for plugins to get control in get_attavgwidth() */
get_attavgwidth_hook_type get_attavgwidth_hook = NULL;


/*                              ---------- AMOP CACHES ----------                                                */

/*
 * op_in_opfamily
 *
 *              Return t iff operator 'opno' is in operator family 'opfamily'.
 */
bool
op_in_opfamily(Oid opno, Oid opfamily)
{
        return SearchSysCacheExists(AMOPOPID,
                                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opfamily),
                                                                0, 0);
}

/*
 * get_op_opfamily_strategy
 *
 *              Get the operator's strategy number within the specified opfamily,
 *              or 0 if it's not a member of the opfamily.
 */
int
get_op_opfamily_strategy(Oid opno, Oid opfamily)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_amop amop_tup;
        int                     result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(AMOPOPID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opfamily),
                                                0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                return 0;
        amop_tup = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        result = amop_tup->amopstrategy;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_op_opfamily_properties
 *
 *              Get the operator's strategy number and declared input data types
 *              within the specified opfamily.
 *
 * Caller should already have verified that opno is a member of opfamily,
 * therefore we raise an error if the tuple is not found.
 */
void
get_op_opfamily_properties(Oid opno, Oid opfamily,
                                                   int *strategy,
                                                   Oid *lefttype,
                                                   Oid *righttype)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_amop amop_tup;

        tp = SearchSysCache(AMOPOPID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opfamily),
                                                0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "operator %u is not a member of opfamily %u",
                         opno, opfamily);
        amop_tup = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        *strategy = amop_tup->amopstrategy;
        *lefttype = amop_tup->amoplefttype;
        *righttype = amop_tup->amoprighttype;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
}

/*
 * get_opfamily_member
 *              Get the OID of the operator that implements the specified strategy
 *              with the specified datatypes for the specified opfamily.
 *
 * Returns InvalidOid if there is no pg_amop entry for the given keys.
 */
Oid
get_opfamily_member(Oid opfamily, Oid lefttype, Oid righttype,
                                        int16 strategy)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_amop amop_tup;
        Oid                     result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(AMOPSTRATEGY,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opfamily),
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(lefttype),
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(righttype),
                                                Int16GetDatum(strategy));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                return InvalidOid;
        amop_tup = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        result = amop_tup->amopopr;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_ordering_op_properties
 *              Given the OID of an ordering operator (a btree "<" or ">" operator),
 *              determine its opfamily, its declared input datatype, and its
 *              strategy number (BTLessStrategyNumber or BTGreaterStrategyNumber).
 *
 * Returns TRUE if successful, FALSE if no matching pg_amop entry exists.
 * (This indicates that the operator is not a valid ordering operator.)
 *
 * Note: the operator could be registered in multiple families, for example
 * if someone were to build a "reverse sort" opfamily.  This would result in
 * uncertainty as to whether "ORDER BY USING op" would default to NULLS FIRST
 * or NULLS LAST, as well as inefficient planning due to failure to match up
 * pathkeys that should be the same.  So we want a determinate result here.
 * Because of the way the syscache search works, we'll use the interpretation
 * associated with the opfamily with smallest OID, which is probably
 * determinate enough.  Since there is no longer any particularly good reason
 * to build reverse-sort opfamilies, it doesn't seem worth expending any
 * additional effort on ensuring consistency.
 */
bool
get_ordering_op_properties(Oid opno,
                                                   Oid *opfamily, Oid *opcintype, int16 *strategy)
{
        bool            result = false;
        CatCList   *catlist;
        int                     i;

        /* ensure outputs are initialized on failure */
        *opfamily = InvalidOid;
        *opcintype = InvalidOid;
        *strategy = 0;

        /*
         * Search pg_amop to see if the target operator is registered as the "<"
         * or ">" operator of any btree opfamily.
         */
        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                                 0, 0, 0);

        for (i = 0; i < catlist->n_members; i++)
        {
                HeapTuple       tuple = &catlist->members[i]->tuple;
                Form_pg_amop aform = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

                /* must be btree */
                if (aform->amopmethod != BTREE_AM_OID)
                        continue;

                if (aform->amopstrategy == BTLessStrategyNumber ||
                        aform->amopstrategy == BTGreaterStrategyNumber)
                {
                        /* Found it ... should have consistent input types */
                        if (aform->amoplefttype == aform->amoprighttype)
                        {
                                /* Found a suitable opfamily, return info */
                                *opfamily = aform->amopfamily;
                                *opcintype = aform->amoplefttype;
                                *strategy = aform->amopstrategy;
                                result = true;
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);

        return result;
}

/*
 * get_compare_function_for_ordering_op
 *              Get the OID of the datatype-specific btree comparison function
 *              associated with an ordering operator (a "<" or ">" operator).
 *
 * *cmpfunc receives the comparison function OID.
 * *reverse is set FALSE if the operator is "<", TRUE if it's ">"
 * (indicating the comparison result must be negated before use).
 *
 * Returns TRUE if successful, FALSE if no btree function can be found.
 * (This indicates that the operator is not a valid ordering operator.)
 */
bool
get_compare_function_for_ordering_op(Oid opno, Oid *cmpfunc, bool *reverse)
{
        Oid                     opfamily;
        Oid                     opcintype;
        int16           strategy;

        /* Find the operator in pg_amop */
        if (get_ordering_op_properties(opno,
                                                                   &opfamily, &opcintype, &strategy))
        {
                /* Found a suitable opfamily, get matching support function */
                *cmpfunc = get_opfamily_proc(opfamily,
                                                                         opcintype,
                                                                         opcintype,
                                                                         BTORDER_PROC);

                if (!OidIsValid(*cmpfunc))              /* should not happen */
                        elog(ERROR, "missing support function %d(%u,%u) in opfamily %u",
                                 BTORDER_PROC, opcintype, opcintype, opfamily);
                *reverse = (strategy == BTGreaterStrategyNumber);
                return true;
        }

        /* ensure outputs are set on failure */
        *cmpfunc = InvalidOid;

        *reverse = false;
        return false;
}

/*
 * get_equality_op_for_ordering_op
 *              Get the OID of the datatype-specific btree equality operator
 *              associated with an ordering operator (a "<" or ">" operator).
 *
 * If "reverse" isn't NULL, also set *reverse to FALSE if the operator is "<",
 * TRUE if it's ">"
 *
 * Returns InvalidOid if no matching equality operator can be found.
 * (This indicates that the operator is not a valid ordering operator.)
 */
Oid
get_equality_op_for_ordering_op(Oid opno, bool *reverse)
{
        Oid                     result = InvalidOid;
        Oid                     opfamily;
        Oid                     opcintype;
        int16           strategy;

        /* Find the operator in pg_amop */
        if (get_ordering_op_properties(opno,
                                                                   &opfamily, &opcintype, &strategy))
        {
                /* Found a suitable opfamily, get matching equality operator */
                result = get_opfamily_member(opfamily,
                                                                         opcintype,
                                                                         opcintype,
                                                                         BTEqualStrategyNumber);
                if (reverse)
                        *reverse = (strategy == BTGreaterStrategyNumber);
        }

        return result;
}

/*
 * get_ordering_op_for_equality_op
 *              Get the OID of a datatype-specific btree ordering operator
 *              associated with an equality operator.  (If there are multiple
 *              possibilities, assume any one will do.)
 *
 * This function is used when we have to sort data before unique-ifying,
 * and don't much care which sorting op is used as long as it's compatible
 * with the intended equality operator.  Since we need a sorting operator,
 * it should be single-data-type even if the given operator is cross-type.
 * The caller specifies whether to find an op for the LHS or RHS data type.
 *
 * Returns InvalidOid if no matching ordering operator can be found.
 */
Oid
get_ordering_op_for_equality_op(Oid opno, bool use_lhs_type)
{
        Oid                     result = InvalidOid;
        CatCList   *catlist;
        int                     i;

        /*
         * Search pg_amop to see if the target operator is registered as the "="
         * operator of any btree opfamily.
         */
        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                                 0, 0, 0);

        for (i = 0; i < catlist->n_members; i++)
        {
                HeapTuple       tuple = &catlist->members[i]->tuple;
                Form_pg_amop aform = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

                /* must be btree */
                if (aform->amopmethod != BTREE_AM_OID)
                        continue;

                if (aform->amopstrategy == BTEqualStrategyNumber)
                {
                        /* Found a suitable opfamily, get matching ordering operator */
                        Oid                     typid;

                        typid = use_lhs_type ? aform->amoplefttype : aform->amoprighttype;
                        result = get_opfamily_member(aform->amopfamily,
                                                                                 typid, typid,
                                                                                 BTLessStrategyNumber);
                        if (OidIsValid(result))
                                break;
                        /* failure probably shouldn't happen, but keep looking if so */
                }
        }

        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);

        return result;
}

/*
 * get_mergejoin_opfamilies
 *              Given a putatively mergejoinable operator, return a list of the OIDs
 *              of the btree opfamilies in which it represents equality.
 *
 * It is possible (though at present unusual) for an operator to be equality
 * in more than one opfamily, hence the result is a list.  This also lets us
 * return NIL if the operator is not found in any opfamilies.
 *
 * The planner currently uses simple equal() tests to compare the lists
 * returned by this function, which makes the list order relevant, though
 * strictly speaking it should not be.  Because of the way syscache list
 * searches are handled, in normal operation the result will be sorted by OID
 * so everything works fine.  If running with system index usage disabled,
 * the result ordering is unspecified and hence the planner might fail to
 * recognize optimization opportunities ... but that's hardly a scenario in
 * which performance is good anyway, so there's no point in expending code
 * or cycles here to guarantee the ordering in that case.
 */
List *
get_mergejoin_opfamilies(Oid opno)
{
        List       *result = NIL;
        CatCList   *catlist;
        int                     i;

        /*
         * Search pg_amop to see if the target operator is registered as the "="
         * operator of any btree opfamily.
         */
        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                                 0, 0, 0);

        for (i = 0; i < catlist->n_members; i++)
        {
                HeapTuple       tuple = &catlist->members[i]->tuple;
                Form_pg_amop aform = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

                /* must be btree equality */
                if (aform->amopmethod == BTREE_AM_OID &&
                        aform->amopstrategy == BTEqualStrategyNumber)
                        result = lappend_oid(result, aform->amopfamily);
        }

        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);

        return result;
}

/*
 * get_compatible_hash_operators
 *              Get the OID(s) of hash equality operator(s) compatible with the given
 *              operator, but operating on its LHS and/or RHS datatype.
 *
 * An operator for the LHS type is sought and returned into *lhs_opno if
 * lhs_opno isn't NULL.  Similarly, an operator for the RHS type is sought
 * and returned into *rhs_opno if rhs_opno isn't NULL.
 *
 * If the given operator is not cross-type, the results should be the same
 * operator, but in cross-type situations they will be different.
 *
 * Returns true if able to find the requested operator(s), false if not.
 * (This indicates that the operator should not have been marked oprcanhash.)
 */
bool
get_compatible_hash_operators(Oid opno,
                                                          Oid *lhs_opno, Oid *rhs_opno)
{
        bool            result = false;
        CatCList   *catlist;
        int                     i;

        /* Ensure output args are initialized on failure */
        if (lhs_opno)
                *lhs_opno = InvalidOid;
        if (rhs_opno)
                *rhs_opno = InvalidOid;

        /*
         * Search pg_amop to see if the target operator is registered as the "="
         * operator of any hash opfamily.  If the operator is registered in
         * multiple opfamilies, assume we can use any one.
         */
        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                                 0, 0, 0);

        for (i = 0; i < catlist->n_members; i++)
        {
                HeapTuple       tuple = &catlist->members[i]->tuple;
                Form_pg_amop aform = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

                if (aform->amopmethod == HASH_AM_OID &&
                        aform->amopstrategy == HTEqualStrategyNumber)
                {
                        /* No extra lookup needed if given operator is single-type */
                        if (aform->amoplefttype == aform->amoprighttype)
                        {
                                if (lhs_opno)
                                        *lhs_opno = opno;
                                if (rhs_opno)
                                        *rhs_opno = opno;
                                result = true;
                                break;
                        }

                        /*
                         * Get the matching single-type operator(s).  Failure probably
                         * shouldn't happen --- it implies a bogus opfamily --- but
                         * continue looking if so.
                         */
                        if (lhs_opno)
                        {
                                *lhs_opno = get_opfamily_member(aform->amopfamily,
                                                                                                aform->amoplefttype,
                                                                                                aform->amoplefttype,
                                                                                                HTEqualStrategyNumber);
                                if (!OidIsValid(*lhs_opno))
                                        continue;
                                /* Matching LHS found, done if caller doesn't want RHS */
                                if (!rhs_opno)
                                {
                                        result = true;
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        if (rhs_opno)
                        {
                                *rhs_opno = get_opfamily_member(aform->amopfamily,
                                                                                                aform->amoprighttype,
                                                                                                aform->amoprighttype,
                                                                                                HTEqualStrategyNumber);
                                if (!OidIsValid(*rhs_opno))
                                {
                                        /* Forget any LHS operator from this opfamily */
                                        if (lhs_opno)
                                                *lhs_opno = InvalidOid;
                                        continue;
                                }
                                /* Matching RHS found, so done */
                                result = true;
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);

        return result;
}

/*
 * get_op_hash_functions
 *              Get the OID(s) of hash support function(s) compatible with the given
 *              operator, operating on its LHS and/or RHS datatype as required.
 *
 * A function for the LHS type is sought and returned into *lhs_procno if
 * lhs_procno isn't NULL.  Similarly, a function for the RHS type is sought
 * and returned into *rhs_procno if rhs_procno isn't NULL.
 *
 * If the given operator is not cross-type, the results should be the same
 * function, but in cross-type situations they will be different.
 *
 * Returns true if able to find the requested function(s), false if not.
 * (This indicates that the operator should not have been marked oprcanhash.)
 */
bool
get_op_hash_functions(Oid opno,
                                          RegProcedure *lhs_procno, RegProcedure *rhs_procno)
{
        bool            result = false;
        CatCList   *catlist;
        int                     i;

        /* Ensure output args are initialized on failure */
        if (lhs_procno)
                *lhs_procno = InvalidOid;
        if (rhs_procno)
                *rhs_procno = InvalidOid;

        /*
         * Search pg_amop to see if the target operator is registered as the "="
         * operator of any hash opfamily.  If the operator is registered in
         * multiple opfamilies, assume we can use any one.
         */
        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                                 0, 0, 0);

        for (i = 0; i < catlist->n_members; i++)
        {
                HeapTuple       tuple = &catlist->members[i]->tuple;
                Form_pg_amop aform = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(tuple);

                if (aform->amopmethod == HASH_AM_OID &&
                        aform->amopstrategy == HTEqualStrategyNumber)
                {
                        /*
                         * Get the matching support function(s).  Failure probably
                         * shouldn't happen --- it implies a bogus opfamily --- but
                         * continue looking if so.
                         */
                        if (lhs_procno)
                        {
                                *lhs_procno = get_opfamily_proc(aform->amopfamily,
                                                                                                aform->amoplefttype,
                                                                                                aform->amoplefttype,
                                                                                                HASHPROC);
                                if (!OidIsValid(*lhs_procno))
                                        continue;
                                /* Matching LHS found, done if caller doesn't want RHS */
                                if (!rhs_procno)
                                {
                                        result = true;
                                        break;
                                }
                                /* Only one lookup needed if given operator is single-type */
                                if (aform->amoplefttype == aform->amoprighttype)
                                {
                                        *rhs_procno = *lhs_procno;
                                        result = true;
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        if (rhs_procno)
                        {
                                *rhs_procno = get_opfamily_proc(aform->amopfamily,
                                                                                                aform->amoprighttype,
                                                                                                aform->amoprighttype,
                                                                                                HASHPROC);
                                if (!OidIsValid(*rhs_procno))
                                {
                                        /* Forget any LHS function from this opfamily */
                                        if (lhs_procno)
                                                *lhs_procno = InvalidOid;
                                        continue;
                                }
                                /* Matching RHS found, so done */
                                result = true;
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);

        return result;
}

/*
 * get_op_btree_interpretation
 *              Given an operator's OID, find out which btree opfamilies it belongs to,
 *              and what strategy number it has within each one.  The results are
 *              returned as an OID list and a parallel integer list.
 *
 * In addition to the normal btree operators, we consider a <> operator to be
 * a "member" of an opfamily if its negator is an equality operator of the
 * opfamily.  ROWCOMPARE_NE is returned as the strategy number for this case.
 */
void
get_op_btree_interpretation(Oid opno, List **opfamilies, List **opstrats)
{
        CatCList   *catlist;
        bool            op_negated;
        int                     i;

        *opfamilies = NIL;
        *opstrats = NIL;

        /*
         * Find all the pg_amop entries containing the operator.
         */
        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                                 0, 0, 0);

        /*
         * If we can't find any opfamily containing the op, perhaps it is a <>
         * operator.  See if it has a negator that is in an opfamily.
         */
        op_negated = false;
        if (catlist->n_members == 0)
        {
                Oid                     op_negator = get_negator(opno);

                if (OidIsValid(op_negator))
                {
                        op_negated = true;
                        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);
                        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(op_negator),
                                                                                 0, 0, 0);
                }
        }

        /* Now search the opfamilies */
        for (i = 0; i < catlist->n_members; i++)
        {
                HeapTuple       op_tuple = &catlist->members[i]->tuple;
                Form_pg_amop op_form = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(op_tuple);
                Oid                     opfamily_id;
                StrategyNumber op_strategy;

                /* must be btree */
                if (op_form->amopmethod != BTREE_AM_OID)
                        continue;

                /* Get the operator's btree strategy number */
                opfamily_id = op_form->amopfamily;
                op_strategy = (StrategyNumber) op_form->amopstrategy;
                Assert(op_strategy >= 1 && op_strategy <= 5);

                if (op_negated)
                {
                        /* Only consider negators that are = */
                        if (op_strategy != BTEqualStrategyNumber)
                                continue;
                        op_strategy = ROWCOMPARE_NE;
                }

                *opfamilies = lappend_oid(*opfamilies, opfamily_id);
                *opstrats = lappend_int(*opstrats, op_strategy);
        }

        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);
}

/*
 * equality_ops_are_compatible
 *              Return TRUE if the two given equality operators have compatible
 *              semantics.
 *
 * This is trivially true if they are the same operator.  Otherwise,
 * we look to see if they can be found in the same btree or hash opfamily.
 * Either finding allows us to assume that they have compatible notions
 * of equality.  (The reason we need to do these pushups is that one might
 * be a cross-type operator; for instance int24eq vs int4eq.)
 */
bool
equality_ops_are_compatible(Oid opno1, Oid opno2)
{
        bool            result;
        CatCList   *catlist;
        int                     i;

        /* Easy if they're the same operator */
        if (opno1 == opno2)
                return true;

        /*
         * We search through all the pg_amop entries for opno1.
         */
        catlist = SearchSysCacheList(AMOPOPID, 1,
                                                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(opno1),
                                                                 0, 0, 0);

        result = false;
        for (i = 0; i < catlist->n_members; i++)
        {
                HeapTuple       op_tuple = &catlist->members[i]->tuple;
                Form_pg_amop op_form = (Form_pg_amop) GETSTRUCT(op_tuple);

                /* must be btree or hash */
                if (op_form->amopmethod == BTREE_AM_OID ||
                        op_form->amopmethod == HASH_AM_OID)
                {
                        if (op_in_opfamily(opno2, op_form->amopfamily))
                        {
                                result = true;
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        ReleaseSysCacheList(catlist);

        return result;
}


/*                              ---------- AMPROC CACHES ----------                                              */

/*
 * get_opfamily_proc
 *              Get the OID of the specified support function
 *              for the specified opfamily and datatypes.
 *
 * Returns InvalidOid if there is no pg_amproc entry for the given keys.
 */
Oid
get_opfamily_proc(Oid opfamily, Oid lefttype, Oid righttype, int16 procnum)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_amproc amproc_tup;
        RegProcedure result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(AMPROCNUM,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opfamily),
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(lefttype),
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(righttype),
                                                Int16GetDatum(procnum));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                return InvalidOid;
        amproc_tup = (Form_pg_amproc) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        result = amproc_tup->amproc;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}


/*                              ---------- ATTRIBUTE CACHES ----------                                   */

/*
 * get_attname
 *              Given the relation id and the attribute number,
 *              return the "attname" field from the attribute relation.
 *
 * Note: returns a palloc'd copy of the string, or NULL if no such attribute.
 */
char *
get_attname(Oid relid, AttrNumber attnum)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(ATTNUM,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                Int16GetDatum(attnum),
                                                0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_attribute att_tup = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char       *result;

                result = pstrdup(NameStr(att_tup->attname));
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return NULL;
}

/*
 * get_relid_attribute_name
 *
 * Same as above routine get_attname(), except that error
 * is handled by elog() instead of returning NULL.
 */
char *
get_relid_attribute_name(Oid relid, AttrNumber attnum)
{
        char       *attname;

        attname = get_attname(relid, attnum);
        if (attname == NULL)
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for attribute %d of relation %u",
                         attnum, relid);
        return attname;
}

/*
 * get_attnum
 *
 *              Given the relation id and the attribute name,
 *              return the "attnum" field from the attribute relation.
 *
 *              Returns InvalidAttrNumber if the attr doesn't exist (or is dropped).
 */
AttrNumber
get_attnum(Oid relid, const char *attname)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCacheAttName(relid, attname);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_attribute att_tup = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                AttrNumber      result;

                result = att_tup->attnum;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidAttrNumber;
}

/*
 * get_atttype
 *
 *              Given the relation OID and the attribute number with the relation,
 *              return the attribute type OID.
 */
Oid
get_atttype(Oid relid, AttrNumber attnum)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(ATTNUM,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                Int16GetDatum(attnum),
                                                0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_attribute att_tup = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = att_tup->atttypid;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_atttypmod
 *
 *              Given the relation id and the attribute number,
 *              return the "atttypmod" field from the attribute relation.
 */
int32
get_atttypmod(Oid relid, AttrNumber attnum)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(ATTNUM,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                Int16GetDatum(attnum),
                                                0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_attribute att_tup = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                int32           result;

                result = att_tup->atttypmod;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return -1;
}

/*
 * get_atttypetypmod
 *
 *              A two-fer: given the relation id and the attribute number,
 *              fetch both type OID and atttypmod in a single cache lookup.
 *
 * Unlike the otherwise-similar get_atttype/get_atttypmod, this routine
 * raises an error if it can't obtain the information.
 */
void
get_atttypetypmod(Oid relid, AttrNumber attnum,
                                  Oid *typid, int32 *typmod)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_attribute att_tup;

        tp = SearchSysCache(ATTNUM,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                Int16GetDatum(attnum),
                                                0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for attribute %d of relation %u",
                         attnum, relid);
        att_tup = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(tp);

        *typid = att_tup->atttypid;
        *typmod = att_tup->atttypmod;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
}

/*                              ---------- CONSTRAINT CACHE ----------                                   */

/*
 * get_constraint_name
 *              Returns the name of a given pg_constraint entry.
 *
 * Returns a palloc'd copy of the string, or NULL if no such constraint.
 *
 * NOTE: since constraint name is not unique, be wary of code that uses this
 * for anything except preparing error messages.
 */
char *
get_constraint_name(Oid conoid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(CONSTROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(conoid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_constraint contup = (Form_pg_constraint) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char       *result;

                result = pstrdup(NameStr(contup->conname));
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return NULL;
}

/*                              ---------- OPCLASS CACHE ----------                                              */

/*
 * get_opclass_family
 *
 *              Returns the OID of the operator family the opclass belongs to.
 */
Oid
get_opclass_family(Oid opclass)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_opclass cla_tup;
        Oid                     result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(CLAOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opclass),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", opclass);
        cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(tp);

        result = cla_tup->opcfamily;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_opclass_input_type
 *
 *              Returns the OID of the datatype the opclass indexes.
 */
Oid
get_opclass_input_type(Oid opclass)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_opclass cla_tup;
        Oid                     result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(CLAOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opclass),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for opclass %u", opclass);
        cla_tup = (Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(tp);

        result = cla_tup->opcintype;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*                              ---------- OPERATOR CACHE ----------                                     */

/*
 * get_opcode
 *
 *              Returns the regproc id of the routine used to implement an
 *              operator given the operator oid.
 */
RegProcedure
get_opcode(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                RegProcedure result;

                result = optup->oprcode;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return (RegProcedure) InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_opname
 *        returns the name of the operator with the given opno
 *
 * Note: returns a palloc'd copy of the string, or NULL if no such operator.
 */
char *
get_opname(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char       *result;

                result = pstrdup(NameStr(optup->oprname));
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return NULL;
}

/*
 * op_input_types
 *
 *              Returns the left and right input datatypes for an operator
 *              (InvalidOid if not relevant).
 */
void
op_input_types(Oid opno, Oid *lefttype, Oid *righttype)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_operator optup;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))      /* shouldn't happen */
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", opno);
        optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        *lefttype = optup->oprleft;
        *righttype = optup->oprright;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
}

/*
 * op_mergejoinable
 *
 * Returns true if the operator is potentially mergejoinable.  (The planner
 * will fail to find any mergejoin plans unless there are suitable btree
 * opfamily entries for this operator and associated sortops.  The pg_operator
 * flag is just a hint to tell the planner whether to bother looking.)
 */
bool
op_mergejoinable(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        bool            result = false;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);

                result = optup->oprcanmerge;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        }
        return result;
}

/*
 * op_hashjoinable
 *
 * Returns true if the operator is hashjoinable.  (There must be a suitable
 * hash opfamily entry for this operator if it is so marked.)
 */
bool
op_hashjoinable(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        bool            result = false;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);

                result = optup->oprcanhash;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        }
        return result;
}

/*
 * op_strict
 *
 * Get the proisstrict flag for the operator's underlying function.
 */
bool
op_strict(Oid opno)
{
        RegProcedure funcid = get_opcode(opno);

        if (funcid == (RegProcedure) InvalidOid)
                elog(ERROR, "operator %u does not exist", opno);

        return func_strict((Oid) funcid);
}

/*
 * op_volatile
 *
 * Get the provolatile flag for the operator's underlying function.
 */
char
op_volatile(Oid opno)
{
        RegProcedure funcid = get_opcode(opno);

        if (funcid == (RegProcedure) InvalidOid)
                elog(ERROR, "operator %u does not exist", opno);

        return func_volatile((Oid) funcid);
}

/*
 * get_commutator
 *
 *              Returns the corresponding commutator of an operator.
 */
Oid
get_commutator(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = optup->oprcom;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_negator
 *
 *              Returns the corresponding negator of an operator.
 */
Oid
get_negator(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = optup->oprnegate;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_oprrest
 *
 *              Returns procedure id for computing selectivity of an operator.
 */
RegProcedure
get_oprrest(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                RegProcedure result;

                result = optup->oprrest;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return (RegProcedure) InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_oprjoin
 *
 *              Returns procedure id for computing selectivity of a join.
 */
RegProcedure
get_oprjoin(Oid opno)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(OPEROID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(opno),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_operator optup = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                RegProcedure result;

                result = optup->oprjoin;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return (RegProcedure) InvalidOid;
}

/*                              ---------- FUNCTION CACHE ----------                                     */

/*
 * get_func_name
 *        returns the name of the function with the given funcid
 *
 * Note: returns a palloc'd copy of the string, or NULL if no such function.
 */
char *
get_func_name(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_proc functup = (Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char       *result;

                result = pstrdup(NameStr(functup->proname));
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return NULL;
}

/*
 * get_func_rettype
 *              Given procedure id, return the function's result type.
 */
Oid
get_func_rettype(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Oid                     result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        result = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp))->prorettype;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_func_nargs
 *              Given procedure id, return the number of arguments.
 */
int
get_func_nargs(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        int                     result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        result = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp))->pronargs;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_func_signature
 *              Given procedure id, return the function's argument and result types.
 *              (The return value is the result type.)
 *
 * The arguments are returned as a palloc'd array.
 */
Oid
get_func_signature(Oid funcid, Oid **argtypes, int *nargs)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_proc procstruct;
        Oid                     result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        procstruct = (Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp);

        result = procstruct->prorettype;
        *nargs = (int) procstruct->pronargs;
        Assert(*nargs == procstruct->proargtypes.dim1);
        *argtypes = (Oid *) palloc(*nargs * sizeof(Oid));
        memcpy(*argtypes, procstruct->proargtypes.values, *nargs * sizeof(Oid));

        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_func_retset
 *              Given procedure id, return the function's proretset flag.
 */
bool
get_func_retset(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        bool            result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        result = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp))->proretset;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * func_strict
 *              Given procedure id, return the function's proisstrict flag.
 */
bool
func_strict(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        bool            result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        result = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp))->proisstrict;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * func_volatile
 *              Given procedure id, return the function's provolatile flag.
 */
char
func_volatile(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        char            result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        result = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp))->provolatile;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_func_cost
 *              Given procedure id, return the function's procost field.
 */
float4
get_func_cost(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        float4          result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        result = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp))->procost;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*
 * get_func_rows
 *              Given procedure id, return the function's prorows field.
 */
float4
get_func_rows(Oid funcid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        float4          result;

        tp = SearchSysCache(PROCOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(funcid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u", funcid);

        result = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tp))->prorows;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        return result;
}

/*                              ---------- RELATION CACHE ----------                                     */

/*
 * get_relname_relid
 *              Given name and namespace of a relation, look up the OID.
 *
 * Returns InvalidOid if there is no such relation.
 */
Oid
get_relname_relid(const char *relname, Oid relnamespace)
{
        return GetSysCacheOid(RELNAMENSP,
                                                  PointerGetDatum(relname),
                                                  ObjectIdGetDatum(relnamespace),
                                                  0, 0);
}

#ifdef NOT_USED
/*
 * get_relnatts
 *
 *              Returns the number of attributes for a given relation.
 */
int
get_relnatts(Oid relid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_class reltup = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                int                     result;

                result = reltup->relnatts;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidAttrNumber;
}
#endif

/*
 * get_rel_name
 *              Returns the name of a given relation.
 *
 * Returns a palloc'd copy of the string, or NULL if no such relation.
 *
 * NOTE: since relation name is not unique, be wary of code that uses this
 * for anything except preparing error messages.
 */
char *
get_rel_name(Oid relid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_class reltup = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char       *result;

                result = pstrdup(NameStr(reltup->relname));
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return NULL;
}

/*
 * get_rel_namespace
 *
 *              Returns the pg_namespace OID associated with a given relation.
 */
Oid
get_rel_namespace(Oid relid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_class reltup = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = reltup->relnamespace;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_rel_type_id
 *
 *              Returns the pg_type OID associated with a given relation.
 *
 * Note: not all pg_class entries have associated pg_type OIDs; so be
 * careful to check for InvalidOid result.
 */
Oid
get_rel_type_id(Oid relid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_class reltup = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = reltup->reltype;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_rel_relkind
 *
 *              Returns the relkind associated with a given relation.
 */
char
get_rel_relkind(Oid relid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_class reltup = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char            result;

                result = reltup->relkind;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return '\0';
}

/*
 * get_rel_tablespace
 *
 *              Returns the pg_tablespace OID associated with a given relation.
 *
 * Note: InvalidOid might mean either that we couldn't find the relation,
 * or that it is in the database's default tablespace.
 */
Oid
get_rel_tablespace(Oid relid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(RELOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_class reltup = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = reltup->reltablespace;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}


/*                              ---------- TYPE CACHE ----------                                                 */

/*
 * get_typisdefined
 *
 *              Given the type OID, determine whether the type is defined
 *              (if not, it's only a shell).
 */
bool
get_typisdefined(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                bool            result;

                result = typtup->typisdefined;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return false;
}

/*
 * get_typlen
 *
 *              Given the type OID, return the length of the type.
 */
int16
get_typlen(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                int16           result;

                result = typtup->typlen;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return 0;
}

/*
 * get_typbyval
 *
 *              Given the type OID, determine whether the type is returned by value or
 *              not.  Returns true if by value, false if by reference.
 */
bool
get_typbyval(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                bool            result;

                result = typtup->typbyval;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return false;
}

/*
 * get_typlenbyval
 *
 *              A two-fer: given the type OID, return both typlen and typbyval.
 *
 *              Since both pieces of info are needed to know how to copy a Datum,
 *              many places need both.  Might as well get them with one cache lookup
 *              instead of two.  Also, this routine raises an error instead of
 *              returning a bogus value when given a bad type OID.
 */
void
get_typlenbyval(Oid typid, int16 *typlen, bool *typbyval)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_type typtup;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", typid);
        typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        *typlen = typtup->typlen;
        *typbyval = typtup->typbyval;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
}

/*
 * get_typlenbyvalalign
 *
 *              A three-fer: given the type OID, return typlen, typbyval, typalign.
 */
void
get_typlenbyvalalign(Oid typid, int16 *typlen, bool *typbyval,
                                         char *typalign)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_type typtup;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", typid);
        typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        *typlen = typtup->typlen;
        *typbyval = typtup->typbyval;
        *typalign = typtup->typalign;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
}

/*
 * getTypeIOParam
 *              Given a pg_type row, select the type OID to pass to I/O functions
 *
 * Formerly, all I/O functions were passed pg_type.typelem as their second
 * parameter, but we now have a more complex rule about what to pass.
 * This knowledge is intended to be centralized here --- direct references
 * to typelem elsewhere in the code are wrong, if they are associated with
 * I/O calls and not with actual subscripting operations!  (But see
 * bootstrap.c's boot_get_type_io_data() if you need to change this.)
 *
 * As of PostgreSQL 8.1, output functions receive only the value itself
 * and not any auxiliary parameters, so the name of this routine is now
 * a bit of a misnomer ... it should be getTypeInputParam.
 */
Oid
getTypeIOParam(HeapTuple typeTuple)
{
        Form_pg_type typeStruct = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

        /*
         * Array types get their typelem as parameter; everybody else gets their
         * own type OID as parameter.  (As of 8.2, domains must get their own OID
         * even if their base type is an array.)
         */
        if (typeStruct->typtype == TYPTYPE_BASE && OidIsValid(typeStruct->typelem))
                return typeStruct->typelem;
        else
                return HeapTupleGetOid(typeTuple);
}

/*
 * get_type_io_data
 *
 *              A six-fer:      given the type OID, return typlen, typbyval, typalign,
 *                                      typdelim, typioparam, and IO function OID. The IO function
 *                                      returned is controlled by IOFuncSelector
 */
void
get_type_io_data(Oid typid,
                                 IOFuncSelector which_func,
                                 int16 *typlen,
                                 bool *typbyval,
                                 char *typalign,
                                 char *typdelim,
                                 Oid *typioparam,
                                 Oid *func)
{
        HeapTuple       typeTuple;
        Form_pg_type typeStruct;

        /*
         * In bootstrap mode, pass it off to bootstrap.c.  This hack allows us to
         * use array_in and array_out during bootstrap.
         */
        if (IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
        {
                Oid                     typinput;
                Oid                     typoutput;

                boot_get_type_io_data(typid,
                                                          typlen,
                                                          typbyval,
                                                          typalign,
                                                          typdelim,
                                                          typioparam,
                                                          &typinput,
                                                          &typoutput);
                switch (which_func)
                {
                        case IOFunc_input:
                                *func = typinput;
                                break;
                        case IOFunc_output:
                                *func = typoutput;
                                break;
                        default:
                                elog(ERROR, "binary I/O not supported during bootstrap");
                                break;
                }
                return;
        }

        typeTuple = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                           0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTuple))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", typid);
        typeStruct = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

        *typlen = typeStruct->typlen;
        *typbyval = typeStruct->typbyval;
        *typalign = typeStruct->typalign;
        *typdelim = typeStruct->typdelim;
        *typioparam = getTypeIOParam(typeTuple);
        switch (which_func)
        {
                case IOFunc_input:
                        *func = typeStruct->typinput;
                        break;
                case IOFunc_output:
                        *func = typeStruct->typoutput;
                        break;
                case IOFunc_receive:
                        *func = typeStruct->typreceive;
                        break;
                case IOFunc_send:
                        *func = typeStruct->typsend;
                        break;
        }
        ReleaseSysCache(typeTuple);
}

#ifdef NOT_USED
char
get_typalign(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char            result;

                result = typtup->typalign;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return 'i';
}
#endif

char
get_typstorage(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char            result;

                result = typtup->typstorage;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return 'p';
}

/*
 * get_typdefault
 *        Given a type OID, return the type's default value, if any.
 *
 *        The result is a palloc'd expression node tree, or NULL if there
 *        is no defined default for the datatype.
 *
 * NB: caller should be prepared to coerce result to correct datatype;
 * the returned expression tree might produce something of the wrong type.
 */
Node *
get_typdefault(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       typeTuple;
        Form_pg_type type;
        Datum           datum;
        bool            isNull;
        Node       *expr;

        typeTuple = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                           0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTuple))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", typid);
        type = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

        /*
         * typdefault and typdefaultbin are potentially null, so don't try to
         * access 'em as struct fields. Must do it the hard way with
         * SysCacheGetAttr.
         */
        datum = SysCacheGetAttr(TYPEOID,
                                                        typeTuple,
                                                        Anum_pg_type_typdefaultbin,
                                                        &isNull);

        if (!isNull)
        {
                /* We have an expression default */
                expr = stringToNode(TextDatumGetCString(datum));
        }
        else
        {
                /* Perhaps we have a plain literal default */
                datum = SysCacheGetAttr(TYPEOID,
                                                                typeTuple,
                                                                Anum_pg_type_typdefault,
                                                                &isNull);

                if (!isNull)
                {
                        char       *strDefaultVal;

                        /* Convert text datum to C string */
                        strDefaultVal = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
                        /* Convert C string to a value of the given type */
                        datum = OidInputFunctionCall(type->typinput, strDefaultVal,
                                                                                 getTypeIOParam(typeTuple), -1);
                        /* Build a Const node containing the value */
                        expr = (Node *) makeConst(typid,
                                                                          -1,
                                                                          type->typlen,
                                                                          datum,
                                                                          false,
                                                                          type->typbyval);
                        pfree(strDefaultVal);
                }
                else
                {
                        /* No default */
                        expr = NULL;
                }
        }

        ReleaseSysCache(typeTuple);

        return expr;
}

/*
 * getBaseType
 *              If the given type is a domain, return its base type;
 *              otherwise return the type's own OID.
 */
Oid
getBaseType(Oid typid)
{
        int32           typmod = -1;

        return getBaseTypeAndTypmod(typid, &typmod);
}

/*
 * getBaseTypeAndTypmod
 *              If the given type is a domain, return its base type and typmod;
 *              otherwise return the type's own OID, and leave *typmod unchanged.
 *
 * Note that the "applied typmod" should be -1 for every domain level
 * above the bottommost; therefore, if the passed-in typid is indeed
 * a domain, *typmod should be -1.
 */
Oid
getBaseTypeAndTypmod(Oid typid, int32 *typmod)
{
        /*
         * We loop to find the bottom base type in a stack of domains.
         */
        for (;;)
        {
                HeapTuple       tup;
                Form_pg_type typTup;

                tup = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                         ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                         0, 0, 0);
                if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tup))
                        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", typid);
                typTup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tup);
                if (typTup->typtype != TYPTYPE_DOMAIN)
                {
                        /* Not a domain, so done */
                        ReleaseSysCache(tup);
                        break;
                }

                Assert(*typmod == -1);
                typid = typTup->typbasetype;
                *typmod = typTup->typtypmod;

                ReleaseSysCache(tup);
        }

        return typid;
}

/*
 * get_typavgwidth
 *
 *        Given a type OID and a typmod value (pass -1 if typmod is unknown),
 *        estimate the average width of values of the type.  This is used by
 *        the planner, which doesn't require absolutely correct results;
 *        it's OK (and expected) to guess if we don't know for sure.
 */
int32
get_typavgwidth(Oid typid, int32 typmod)
{
        int                     typlen = get_typlen(typid);
        int32           maxwidth;

        /*
         * Easy if it's a fixed-width type
         */
        if (typlen > 0)
                return typlen;

        /*
         * type_maximum_size knows the encoding of typmod for some datatypes;
         * don't duplicate that knowledge here.
         */
        maxwidth = type_maximum_size(typid, typmod);
        if (maxwidth > 0)
        {
                /*
                 * For BPCHAR, the max width is also the only width.  Otherwise we
                 * need to guess about the typical data width given the max. A sliding
                 * scale for percentage of max width seems reasonable.
                 */
                if (typid == BPCHAROID)
                        return maxwidth;
                if (maxwidth <= 32)
                        return maxwidth;        /* assume full width */
                if (maxwidth < 1000)
                        return 32 + (maxwidth - 32) / 2;        /* assume 50% */

                /*
                 * Beyond 1000, assume we're looking at something like
                 * "varchar(10000)" where the limit isn't actually reached often, and
                 * use a fixed estimate.
                 */
                return 32 + (1000 - 32) / 2;
        }

        /*
         * Ooops, we have no idea ... wild guess time.
         */
        return 32;
}

/*
 * get_typtype
 *
 *              Given the type OID, find if it is a basic type, a complex type, etc.
 *              It returns the null char if the cache lookup fails...
 */
char
get_typtype(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char            result;

                result = typtup->typtype;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return '\0';
}

/*
 * type_is_rowtype
 *
 *              Convenience function to determine whether a type OID represents
 *              a "rowtype" type --- either RECORD or a named composite type.
 */
bool
type_is_rowtype(Oid typid)
{
        return (typid == RECORDOID || get_typtype(typid) == TYPTYPE_COMPOSITE);
}

/*
 * type_is_enum
 *        Returns true if the given type is an enum type.
 */
bool
type_is_enum(Oid typid)
{
        return (get_typtype(typid) == TYPTYPE_ENUM);
}

/*
 * get_type_category_preferred
 *
 *              Given the type OID, fetch its category and preferred-type status.
 *              Throws error on failure.
 */
void
get_type_category_preferred(Oid typid, char *typcategory, bool *typispreferred)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Form_pg_type typtup;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", typid);
        typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
        *typcategory = typtup->typcategory;
        *typispreferred = typtup->typispreferred;
        ReleaseSysCache(tp);
}

/*
 * get_typ_typrelid
 *
 *              Given the type OID, get the typrelid (InvalidOid if not a complex
 *              type).
 */
Oid
get_typ_typrelid(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = typtup->typrelid;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_element_type
 *
 *              Given the type OID, get the typelem (InvalidOid if not an array type).
 *
 * NB: this only considers varlena arrays to be true arrays; InvalidOid is
 * returned if the input is a fixed-length array type.
 */
Oid
get_element_type(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                if (typtup->typlen == -1)
                        result = typtup->typelem;
                else
                        result = InvalidOid;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

/*
 * get_array_type
 *
 *              Given the type OID, get the corresponding "true" array type.
 *              Returns InvalidOid if no array type can be found.
 */
Oid
get_array_type(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        Oid                     result = InvalidOid;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                result = ((Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp))->typarray;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
        }
        return result;
}

/*
 * getTypeInputInfo
 *
 *              Get info needed for converting values of a type to internal form
 */
void
getTypeInputInfo(Oid type, Oid *typInput, Oid *typIOParam)
{
        HeapTuple       typeTuple;
        Form_pg_type pt;

        typeTuple = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(type),
                                                           0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTuple))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", type);
        pt = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

        if (!pt->typisdefined)
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                                 errmsg("type %s is only a shell",
                                                format_type_be(type))));
        if (!OidIsValid(pt->typinput))
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
                                 errmsg("no input function available for type %s",
                                                format_type_be(type))));

        *typInput = pt->typinput;
        *typIOParam = getTypeIOParam(typeTuple);

        ReleaseSysCache(typeTuple);
}

/*
 * getTypeOutputInfo
 *
 *              Get info needed for printing values of a type
 */
void
getTypeOutputInfo(Oid type, Oid *typOutput, bool *typIsVarlena)
{
        HeapTuple       typeTuple;
        Form_pg_type pt;

        typeTuple = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(type),
                                                           0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTuple))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", type);
        pt = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

        if (!pt->typisdefined)
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                                 errmsg("type %s is only a shell",
                                                format_type_be(type))));
        if (!OidIsValid(pt->typoutput))
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
                                 errmsg("no output function available for type %s",
                                                format_type_be(type))));

        *typOutput = pt->typoutput;
        *typIsVarlena = (!pt->typbyval) && (pt->typlen == -1);

        ReleaseSysCache(typeTuple);
}

/*
 * getTypeBinaryInputInfo
 *
 *              Get info needed for binary input of values of a type
 */
void
getTypeBinaryInputInfo(Oid type, Oid *typReceive, Oid *typIOParam)
{
        HeapTuple       typeTuple;
        Form_pg_type pt;

        typeTuple = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(type),
                                                           0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTuple))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", type);
        pt = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

        if (!pt->typisdefined)
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                                 errmsg("type %s is only a shell",
                                                format_type_be(type))));
        if (!OidIsValid(pt->typreceive))
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
                                 errmsg("no binary input function available for type %s",
                                                format_type_be(type))));

        *typReceive = pt->typreceive;
        *typIOParam = getTypeIOParam(typeTuple);

        ReleaseSysCache(typeTuple);
}

/*
 * getTypeBinaryOutputInfo
 *
 *              Get info needed for binary output of values of a type
 */
void
getTypeBinaryOutputInfo(Oid type, Oid *typSend, bool *typIsVarlena)
{
        HeapTuple       typeTuple;
        Form_pg_type pt;

        typeTuple = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(type),
                                                           0, 0, 0);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTuple))
                elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", type);
        pt = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

        if (!pt->typisdefined)
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                                 errmsg("type %s is only a shell",
                                                format_type_be(type))));
        if (!OidIsValid(pt->typsend))
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
                                 errmsg("no binary output function available for type %s",
                                                format_type_be(type))));

        *typSend = pt->typsend;
        *typIsVarlena = (!pt->typbyval) && (pt->typlen == -1);

        ReleaseSysCache(typeTuple);
}

/*
 * get_typmodin
 *
 *              Given the type OID, return the type's typmodin procedure, if any.
 */
Oid
get_typmodin(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = typtup->typmodin;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}

#ifdef NOT_USED
/*
 * get_typmodout
 *
 *              Given the type OID, return the type's typmodout procedure, if any.
 */
Oid
get_typmodout(Oid typid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(typid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_type typtup = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                Oid                     result;

                result = typtup->typmodout;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return InvalidOid;
}
#endif   /* NOT_USED */


/*                              ---------- STATISTICS CACHE ----------                                   */

/*
 * get_attavgwidth
 *
 *        Given the table and attribute number of a column, get the average
 *        width of entries in the column.  Return zero if no data available.
 *
 * Calling a hook at this point looks somewhat strange, but is required
 * because the optimizer calls this function without any other way for
 * plug-ins to control the result.
 */
int32
get_attavgwidth(Oid relid, AttrNumber attnum)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;
        int32           stawidth;

        if (get_attavgwidth_hook)
        {
                stawidth = (*get_attavgwidth_hook) (relid, attnum);
                if (stawidth > 0)
                        return stawidth;
        }
        tp = SearchSysCache(STATRELATT,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(relid),
                                                Int16GetDatum(attnum),
                                                0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                stawidth = ((Form_pg_statistic) GETSTRUCT(tp))->stawidth;
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                if (stawidth > 0)
                        return stawidth;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * get_attstatsslot
 *
 *              Extract the contents of a "slot" of a pg_statistic tuple.
 *              Returns TRUE if requested slot type was found, else FALSE.
 *
 * Unlike other routines in this file, this takes a pointer to an
 * already-looked-up tuple in the pg_statistic cache.  We do this since
 * most callers will want to extract more than one value from the cache
 * entry, and we don't want to repeat the cache lookup unnecessarily.
 * Also, this API allows this routine to be used with statistics tuples
 * that have been provided by a stats hook and didn't really come from
 * pg_statistic.
 *
 * statstuple: pg_statistics tuple to be examined.
 * atttype: type OID of attribute (can be InvalidOid if values == NULL).
 * atttypmod: typmod of attribute (can be 0 if values == NULL).
 * reqkind: STAKIND code for desired statistics slot kind.
 * reqop: STAOP value wanted, or InvalidOid if don't care.
 * values, nvalues: if not NULL, the slot's stavalues are extracted.
 * numbers, nnumbers: if not NULL, the slot's stanumbers are extracted.
 *
 * If assigned, values and numbers are set to point to palloc'd arrays.
 * If the attribute type is pass-by-reference, the values referenced by
 * the values array are themselves palloc'd.  The palloc'd stuff can be
 * freed by calling free_attstatsslot.
 */
bool
get_attstatsslot(HeapTuple statstuple,
                                 Oid atttype, int32 atttypmod,
                                 int reqkind, Oid reqop,
                                 Datum **values, int *nvalues,
                                 float4 **numbers, int *nnumbers)
{
        Form_pg_statistic stats = (Form_pg_statistic) GETSTRUCT(statstuple);
        int                     i,
                                j;
        Datum           val;
        bool            isnull;
        ArrayType  *statarray;
        int                     narrayelem;
        HeapTuple       typeTuple;
        Form_pg_type typeForm;

        for (i = 0; i < STATISTIC_NUM_SLOTS; i++)
        {
                if ((&stats->stakind1)[i] == reqkind &&
                        (reqop == InvalidOid || (&stats->staop1)[i] == reqop))
                        break;
        }
        if (i >= STATISTIC_NUM_SLOTS)
                return false;                   /* not there */

        if (values)
        {
                val = SysCacheGetAttr(STATRELATT, statstuple,
                                                          Anum_pg_statistic_stavalues1 + i,
                                                          &isnull);
                if (isnull)
                        elog(ERROR, "stavalues is null");
                statarray = DatumGetArrayTypeP(val);

                /* Need to get info about the array element type */
                typeTuple = SearchSysCache(TYPEOID,
                                                                   ObjectIdGetDatum(atttype),
                                                                   0, 0, 0);
                if (!HeapTupleIsValid(typeTuple))
                        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", atttype);
                typeForm = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(typeTuple);

                /* Deconstruct array into Datum elements; NULLs not expected */
                deconstruct_array(statarray,
                                                  atttype,
                                                  typeForm->typlen,
                                                  typeForm->typbyval,
                                                  typeForm->typalign,
                                                  values, NULL, nvalues);

                /*
                 * If the element type is pass-by-reference, we now have a bunch of
                 * Datums that are pointers into the syscache value.  Copy them to
                 * avoid problems if syscache decides to drop the entry.
                 */
                if (!typeForm->typbyval)
                {
                        for (j = 0; j < *nvalues; j++)
                        {
                                (*values)[j] = datumCopy((*values)[j],
                                                                                 typeForm->typbyval,
                                                                                 typeForm->typlen);
                        }
                }

                ReleaseSysCache(typeTuple);

                /*
                 * Free statarray if it's a detoasted copy.
                 */
                if ((Pointer) statarray != DatumGetPointer(val))
                        pfree(statarray);
        }

        if (numbers)
        {
                val = SysCacheGetAttr(STATRELATT, statstuple,
                                                          Anum_pg_statistic_stanumbers1 + i,
                                                          &isnull);
                if (isnull)
                        elog(ERROR, "stanumbers is null");
                statarray = DatumGetArrayTypeP(val);

                /*
                 * We expect the array to be a 1-D float4 array; verify that. We don't
                 * need to use deconstruct_array() since the array data is just going
                 * to look like a C array of float4 values.
                 */
                narrayelem = ARR_DIMS(statarray)[0];
                if (ARR_NDIM(statarray) != 1 || narrayelem <= 0 ||
                        ARR_HASNULL(statarray) ||
                        ARR_ELEMTYPE(statarray) != FLOAT4OID)
                        elog(ERROR, "stanumbers is not a 1-D float4 array");
                *numbers = (float4 *) palloc(narrayelem * sizeof(float4));
                memcpy(*numbers, ARR_DATA_PTR(statarray), narrayelem * sizeof(float4));
                *nnumbers = narrayelem;

                /*
                 * Free statarray if it's a detoasted copy.
                 */
                if ((Pointer) statarray != DatumGetPointer(val))
                        pfree(statarray);
        }

        return true;
}

/*
 * free_attstatsslot
 *              Free data allocated by get_attstatsslot
 *
 * atttype need be valid only if values != NULL.
 */
void
free_attstatsslot(Oid atttype,
                                  Datum *values, int nvalues,
                                  float4 *numbers, int nnumbers)
{
        if (values)
        {
                if (!get_typbyval(atttype))
                {
                        int                     i;

                        for (i = 0; i < nvalues; i++)
                                pfree(DatumGetPointer(values[i]));
                }
                pfree(values);
        }
        if (numbers)
                pfree(numbers);
}

/*                              ---------- PG_NAMESPACE CACHE ----------                                 */

/*
 * get_namespace_name
 *              Returns the name of a given namespace
 *
 * Returns a palloc'd copy of the string, or NULL if no such namespace.
 */
char *
get_namespace_name(Oid nspid)
{
        HeapTuple       tp;

        tp = SearchSysCache(NAMESPACEOID,
                                                ObjectIdGetDatum(nspid),
                                                0, 0, 0);
        if (HeapTupleIsValid(tp))
        {
                Form_pg_namespace nsptup = (Form_pg_namespace) GETSTRUCT(tp);
                char       *result;

                result = pstrdup(NameStr(nsptup->nspname));
                ReleaseSysCache(tp);
                return result;
        }
        else
                return NULL;
}

/*                              ---------- PG_AUTHID CACHE ----------                                    */

/*
 * get_roleid
 *        Given a role name, look up the role's OID.
 *        Returns InvalidOid if no such role.
 */
Oid
get_roleid(const char *rolname)
{
        return GetSysCacheOid(AUTHNAME,
                                                  PointerGetDatum(rolname),
                                                  0, 0, 0);
}

/*
 * get_roleid_checked
 *        Given a role name, look up the role's OID.
 *        ereports if no such role.
 */
Oid
get_roleid_checked(const char *rolname)
{
        Oid                     roleid;

        roleid = get_roleid(rolname);
        if (!OidIsValid(roleid))
                ereport(ERROR,
                                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                                 errmsg("role \"%s\" does not exist", rolname)));
        return roleid;
}