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116 <div
class="style1" align
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121 <div align
="justify">
122 <h3
class="heading1">PsN
-Utilities Introduction
</h3
>
124 PsN
-Utilities is a set of command line programs that gives you the control of the main features of PsN
. At present PsN
-Utilities
127 <dt
><b
><a href
="bootstrap_docs.php">the bootstrap
</a
></b
></dt
>
128 <dd
> Non
-parametric bootstrap using the percentile
or BCa methods
.</dd
>
129 <dt
><b
><a href
="cdd_docs.php">cdd
</a
></b
></dt
>
130 <dd
>Case-deletion Diagnostics
.</dd
>
131 <dt
><b
><a href
="execute_docs.php">execute
</a
></b
></dt
>
132 <dd
>The NONMEM runs are started using one
or
133 multiple model files
.</dd
>
134 <dt
><b
><a href
="jackknife_docs.php">the jackknife
</a
></b
></dt
>
135 <dd
>The Jacknife
if used to calculate the bias of the parameter estimates
.</dd
>
136 <dt
><b
><a href
="llp_docs.php">llp
</a
></b
></dt
>
137 <dd
>Log
-likelihood Profiling around maximum
-likelihood parameter estimates
.</dd
>
138 <dt
><b
><a href
="scm_docs.php">scm
</a
></b
></dt
>
139 <dd
>Stepwise Covariate Model building
.</dd
>
140 <dt
><b
><a href
="sumo_docs.php">sumo
</a
></b
></dt
>
141 <dd
>Summarizes the output
142 files from NONMEM
.</dd
>
143 <dt
><b
><a href
="data_stats_docs.php">data_stats
</a
></b
></dt
>
144 <dd
>Prints simple statistics
for data set columns
.</dd
>
145 <dt
><b
><a href
="create_extra_data_model_docs.php">create_extra_data_model
</a
></b
></dt
>
146 <dd
>This small utility helps you create a model file with more than one data file per problem
.</dd
>
147 <dd
><b
><a href
="create_extra_data_model_docs.php"></a
></b
></dd
>
148 <dt
><b
><a href
="single_valued_columns_docs.php">single_valued_columns
</a
></b
></dt
>
149 <dd
>Identifies data
-set columns with values that
do not vary within an individual
. This is useful
for creation of extra data files when the number of columns needed are above
20. </dd
>
151 <p
>You can click on any of the utilities in the
list above
for specific documentation
.</p
>
152 <p
>A utility is run by first typing its
153 name on the command line
and then pressing
156 <b
><tt
>$ execute
</tt
></b
>
159 Depending on you Perl installation under Microsoft Windows the command may have to be
:
163 <tt
>$ C
:\path to perl\perl execute
</tt
>
167 The above command will give you this message
:
171 <tt
>At least one model file must be specified
. Use 'execute -h' for help
.</tt
>
176 To start the NONMEM execution you must give the name of at least one
177 model file
. This is
true for all the utilities except
for the
<tt
>'scm'</tt
>,
178 <tt
>'sumo'</tt
> and <tt
>'data_stats'</tt
></p
>
182 <tt
>$ execute file
.mod
</tt
>
186 This will start the NONMEM execution using the model file
<tt
>"file.mod"</tt
>. It will also create a directory called
187 <tt
>"modelfit_dirX"</tt
>, where
"X" is the number of the directory starting from one
. The numbers of any additional directories will be increased by one
188 for each time you run
<tt
>"execute"</tt
>. This makes it possible to
do multiple runs at
189 the same time in one directory
. After the run you will find the output from NONMEM in the file named
<tt
>"file.lst"</tt
>, and any table files specified in the model file
. </p
>
191 All utilities accept a set of options which allow you to modify the behaviour of the utility
. For example
, the bootstrap creates
200 new data sets from the original data by
default. However the number of data sets can be limited to
for example
50, by changing the number in the
<span
class="style2">-sample
</span
> option in the bootstrap utility
.</p
>
193 <b
><tt
>$ bootstrap
--samples
=50 file
.mod
</tt
></b
>
196 The
<tt
>'--samples'</tt
> option is unique to the bootstrap utility
. However
, all options that are valid
for the
197 <tt
>execute
</tt
> tool are also valid
for the
<tt
>bootstrap
</tt
>, <tt
>cdd
</tt
>,
198 <tt
>jackknife
</tt
>, <tt
>llp
</tt
> and <tt
>scm
</tt
>. The
<tt
>'--threads'</tt
> option is an example of a common option
:
201 <b
><tt
>$ bootstrap
--samples
=50 --threads
=6 file
.mod
</tt
></b
>
204 In this example the threads option makes the bootstrap utility run six NONMEM runs
205 in parallel
, starting a
new run
as soon
as a previous has terminated
.</p
>
208 If a PsN utility is stopped before it has finished it is possible to
209 resume it from where it stopped
. This is handled in PsN by the
210 creation of a checkpoint after each NONMEM run
. From this checkpoint
211 a utility can always be resumed
. To resume a utility the PsN
212 directory created by the utility that stopped must be specified
. In
213 addition
, the options used in the run that stopped must be
214 defined
. The options
and their values are saved in the file
215 <tt
>"command.txt"</tt
> under the directory from
216 which you are resuming
. If, for example
, a bootstrap run in a
217 directory named
<tt
>bootstrap_dir1
</tt
> stopped before it was
218 finished it can easily be resumed by
:
222 <tt
><b
>$ bootstrap
--samples
=50 --threads
=6 --directory
=bootstrap_dir1
</b
></tt
>
225 In the example above the bootstrap utility will see that a directory already exists
and the information in that directory will therefore be used to
continue the bootstrap run
.
227 <h3
class="heading1">More options
</h3
>
229 If you need information on any of the PsN utilities the
230 <tt
>'--h'</tt
> option can be used to get a
list of valid options
. To
231 get a description of all the options
use the
<tt
>'--help'</tt
> option
.
233 <h3
class="heading1">PsN Directory structure
</h3
>
235 PsN needs to create quite a few files to keep track of its executions
as well
as to enable resuming
. During the execution the tools also create many
236 NONMEM model
-, data
- and output files
. In order to keep things manageable
237 we have decided to order all files in a generic directory
238 structure
. You will get the output summaries from the command line tools
, but it
239 may still be useful to orient yourself in the directory structure
. You
240 can
, for instance
, find individual NONMEM run outputs
as well
as logs
241 from PsN
. To make it a bit easier we have created
<a href
="directory_docs.php">The PsN Directory Guide
</a
>, which is a small guide to the
242 structure of the directories
. <tt
><tt
> 
;</tt
></tt
></p
>
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