| blob | f64b47e5cad67886e96684dcc062eda8289e61a0 |
1 This is binutils.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.0 from
2 binutils.texi.
4 START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
5 * Binutils: (binutils). The GNU binary utilities.
6 * ar: (binutils)ar. Create, modify, and extract from archives
7 * nm: (binutils)nm. List symbols from object files
8 * objcopy: (binutils)objcopy. Copy and translate object files
9 * objdump: (binutils)objdump. Display information from object files
10 * ranlib: (binutils)ranlib. Generate index to archive contents
11 * readelf: (binutils)readelf. Display the contents of ELF format files.
12 * size: (binutils)size. List section sizes and total size
13 * strings: (binutils)strings. List printable strings from files
14 * strip: (binutils)strip. Discard symbols
15 * c++filt: (binutils)c++filt. Filter to demangle encoded C++ symbols
16 * cxxfilt: (binutils)c++filt. MS-DOS name for c++filt
17 * addr2line: (binutils)addr2line. Convert addresses to file and line
18 * nlmconv: (binutils)nlmconv. Converts object code into an NLM
19 * windres: (binutils)windres. Manipulate Windows resources
20 * dlltool: (binutils)dlltool. Create files needed to build and use DLLs
21 END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
23 Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000, 2001 Free
24 Software Foundation, Inc.
26 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
27 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
28 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
29 with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
30 Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
31 section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
33 \x1f
34 File: binutils.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Next: Index, Prev: Reporting Bugs, Up: Top
36 GNU Free Documentation License
37 ******************************
39 GNU Free Documentation License
41 Version 1.1, March 2000
43 Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple
44 Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
46 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of
47 this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
49 0. PREAMBLE
51 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
52 written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the
53 effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
54 modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily,
55 this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit
56 for their work, while not being considered responsible for
57 modifications made by others.
59 This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
60 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
61 complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license
62 designed for free software.
64 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
65 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
66 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
67 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it
68 can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
69 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
70 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
72 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
74 This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
75 notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed
76 under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any
77 such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is
78 addressed as "you".
80 A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
81 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
82 modifications and/or translated into another language.
84 A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section
85 of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
86 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
87 (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
88 within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a
89 textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
90 mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
91 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
92 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.
94 The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
95 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
96 that says that the Document is released under this License.
98 The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
99 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
100 the Document is released under this License.
102 A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
103 represented in a format whose specification is available to the general
104 public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and
105 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
106 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
107 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
108 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to
109 text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format
110 whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent
111 modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not
112 "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
114 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
115 ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or
116 XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML
117 designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript,
118 PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
119 proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
120 processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated
121 HTML produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
123 The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
124 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
125 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
126 formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
127 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
128 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
130 2. VERBATIM COPYING
132 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
133 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
134 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
135 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
136 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
137 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
138 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
139 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
140 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
142 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
143 you may publicly display copies.
145 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
147 If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than
148 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must
149 enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these
150 Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts
151 on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
152 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the
153 full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible.
154 You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with
155 changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of
156 the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim
157 copying in other respects.
159 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
160 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
161 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
162 pages.
164 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
165 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
166 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
167 a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete
168 Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the
169 general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no
170 charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter
171 option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin
172 distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this
173 Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location
174 until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque
175 copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to
176 the public.
178 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
179 the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
180 give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
181 Document.
183 4. MODIFICATIONS
185 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
186 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the
187 Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
188 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
189 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of
190 it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
192 A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
193 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
194 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
195 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
196 if the original publisher of that version gives permission. B. List on
197 the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
198 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
199 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
200 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five). C.
201 State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified
202 Version, as the publisher. D. Preserve all the copyright notices of
203 the Document. E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your
204 modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices. F. Include,
205 immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the
206 public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of
207 this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. G. Preserve in
208 that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and
209 required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. H.
210 Include an unaltered copy of this License. I. Preserve the section
211 entitled "History", and its title, and add to it an item stating at
212 least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified
213 Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section entitled
214 "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year,
215 authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page,
216 then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the
217 previous sentence. J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in
218 the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the
219 Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document
220 for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the
221 "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that
222 was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if
223 the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
224 K. In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
225 preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the
226 substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
227 and/or dedications given therein. L. Preserve all the Invariant
228 Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their
229 titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part
230 of the section titles. M. Delete any section entitled "Endorsements".
231 Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version. N. Do
232 not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" or to conflict in
233 title with any Invariant Section.
235 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
236 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
237 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
238 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
239 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
240 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
242 You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
243 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
244 parties-for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
245 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
246 standard.
248 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and
249 a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
250 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
251 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through
252 arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes
253 a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by
254 arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you
255 may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
256 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
258 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
259 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
260 imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
262 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
264 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
265 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
266 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
267 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
268 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
269 license notice.
271 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
272 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
273 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
274 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
275 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
276 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
277 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant
278 Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
280 In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History"
281 in the various original documents, forming one section entitled
282 "History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements",
283 and any sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
284 entitled "Endorsements."
286 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
288 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
289 documents released under this License, and replace the individual
290 copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that
291 is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of
292 this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other
293 respects.
295 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
296 distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
297 copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
298 License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
299 document.
301 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
303 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
304 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
305 distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of
306 the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the
307 compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this
308 License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled
309 with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they are
310 not themselves derivative works of the Document.
312 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
313 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter
314 of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
315 covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise
316 they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.
318 8. TRANSLATION
320 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
321 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
322 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
323 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
324 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
325 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
326 translation of this License provided that you also include the original
327 English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the
328 translation and the original English version of this License, the
329 original English version will prevail.
331 9. TERMINATION
333 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
334 except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt
335 to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
336 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
337 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
338 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties
339 remain in full compliance.
341 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
343 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
344 the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
345 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
346 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
347 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
349 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
350 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
351 License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
352 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
353 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
354 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
355 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
356 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
358 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
360 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
361 the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
362 notices just after the title page:
364 Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
365 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
366 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
367 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
368 with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
369 Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
370 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
371 Free Documentation License".
373 If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections"
374 instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no Front-Cover
375 Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of "Front-Cover Texts being
376 LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.
378 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
379 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
380 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to
381 permit their use in free software.
383 \x1f
384 File: binutils.info, Node: Index, Prev: GNU Free Documentation License, Up: Top
386 Index
387 *****
389 * Menu:
391 * .stab: objdump.
392 * addr2line: addr2line.
393 * address to file name and line number: addr2line.
394 * all header information, object file: objdump.
395 * ar: ar.
396 * ar compatibility: ar.
397 * architecture: objdump.
398 * architectures available: objdump.
399 * archive contents: ranlib.
400 * archive headers: objdump.
401 * archives: ar.
402 * base files: dlltool.
403 * bug criteria: Bug Criteria.
404 * bug reports: Bug Reporting.
405 * bugs: Reporting Bugs.
406 * bugs, reporting: Bug Reporting.
407 * c++filt: c++filt.
408 * changing object addresses: objcopy.
409 * changing section address: objcopy.
410 * changing section LMA: objcopy.
411 * changing section VMA: objcopy.
412 * changing start address: objcopy.
413 * collections of files: ar.
414 * compatibility, ar: ar.
415 * contents of archive: ar cmdline.
416 * crash: Bug Criteria.
417 * creating archives: ar cmdline.
418 * cxxfilt: c++filt.
419 * dates in archive: ar cmdline.
420 * debug symbols: objdump.
421 * debugging symbols: nm.
422 * deleting from archive: ar cmdline.
423 * demangling C++ symbols: c++filt.
424 * demangling in nm: nm.
425 * demangling in objdump <1>: addr2line.
426 * demangling in objdump: objdump.
427 * disassembling object code: objdump.
428 * disassembly architecture: objdump.
429 * disassembly endianness: objdump.
430 * disassembly, with source: objdump.
431 * discarding symbols: strip.
432 * DLL: dlltool.
433 * dlltool: dlltool.
434 * dynamic relocation entries, in object file: objdump.
435 * dynamic symbol table entries, printing: objdump.
436 * dynamic symbols: nm.
437 * ELF core notes: readelf.
438 * ELF dynamic section information: readelf.
439 * ELF file header information: readelf.
440 * ELF file information: readelf.
441 * ELF object file format: objdump.
442 * ELF program header information: readelf.
443 * ELF reloc information: readelf.
444 * ELF section information: readelf.
445 * ELF segment information: readelf.
446 * ELF symbol table information: readelf.
447 * ELF version sections informations: readelf.
448 * endianness: objdump.
449 * error on valid input: Bug Criteria.
450 * external symbols: nm.
451 * extract from archive: ar cmdline.
452 * fatal signal: Bug Criteria.
453 * file name: nm.
454 * GNU Free Documentation License: GNU Free Documentation License.
455 * header information, all: objdump.
456 * input .def file: dlltool.
457 * input file name: nm.
458 * libraries: ar.
459 * listings strings: strings.
460 * machine instructions: objdump.
461 * moving in archive: ar cmdline.
462 * MRI compatibility, ar: ar scripts.
463 * name duplication in archive: ar cmdline.
464 * name length: ar.
465 * nm: nm.
466 * nm compatibility: nm.
467 * nm format: nm.
468 * not writing archive index: ar cmdline.
469 * objdump: objdump.
470 * object code format <1>: addr2line.
471 * object code format <2>: strings.
472 * object code format <3>: size.
473 * object code format <4>: objdump.
474 * object code format: nm.
475 * object file header: objdump.
476 * object file information: objdump.
477 * object file sections: objdump.
478 * object formats available: objdump.
479 * operations on archive: ar cmdline.
480 * printing from archive: ar cmdline.
481 * printing strings: strings.
482 * quick append to archive: ar cmdline.
483 * radix for section sizes: size.
484 * ranlib: ranlib.
485 * readelf: readelf.
486 * relative placement in archive: ar cmdline.
487 * relocation entries, in object file: objdump.
488 * removing symbols: strip.
489 * repeated names in archive: ar cmdline.
490 * replacement in archive: ar cmdline.
491 * reporting bugs: Reporting Bugs.
492 * scripts, ar: ar scripts.
493 * section addresses in objdump: objdump.
494 * section headers: objdump.
495 * section information: objdump.
496 * section sizes: size.
497 * sections, full contents: objdump.
498 * size: size.
499 * size display format: size.
500 * size number format: size.
501 * sorting symbols: nm.
502 * source code context: objdump.
503 * source disassembly: objdump.
504 * source file name: nm.
505 * source filenames for object files: objdump.
506 * stab: objdump.
507 * start-address: objdump.
508 * stop-address: objdump.
509 * strings: strings.
510 * strings, printing: strings.
511 * strip: strip.
512 * symbol index <1>: ranlib.
513 * symbol index: ar.
514 * symbol index, listing: nm.
515 * symbol line numbers: nm.
516 * symbol table entries, printing: objdump.
517 * symbols: nm.
518 * symbols, discarding: strip.
519 * undefined symbols: nm.
520 * Unix compatibility, ar: ar cmdline.
521 * updating an archive: ar cmdline.
522 * version: Top.
523 * VMA in objdump: objdump.
524 * wide output, printing: objdump.
525 * writing archive index: ar cmdline.