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1 @c Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
2 @c This is part of the GAS manual.
3 @c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo.
4 @ifset GENERIC
5 @page
6 @node Z8000-Dependent
7 @chapter Z8000 Dependent Features
8 @end ifset
9 @ifclear GENERIC
10 @node Machine Dependencies
11 @chapter Z8000 Dependent Features
12 @end ifclear
14 @cindex Z8000 support
15 The Z8000 @value{AS} supports both members of the Z8000 family: the
16 unsegmented Z8002, with 16 bit addresses, and the segmented Z8001 with
17 24 bit addresses.
19 When the assembler is in unsegmented mode (specified with the
20 @code{unsegm} directive), an address takes up one word (16 bit)
21 sized register. When the assembler is in segmented mode (specified with
22 the @code{segm} directive), a 24-bit address takes up a long (32 bit)
23 register. @xref{Z8000 Directives,,Assembler Directives for the Z8000},
24 for a list of other Z8000 specific assembler directives.
26 @menu
27 * Z8000 Options:: No special command-line options for Z8000
28 * Z8000 Syntax:: Assembler syntax for the Z8000
29 * Z8000 Directives:: Special directives for the Z8000
30 * Z8000 Opcodes:: Opcodes
31 @end menu
33 @node Z8000 Options
34 @section Options
36 @cindex Z8000 options
37 @cindex options, Z8000
38 @code{@value{AS}} has no additional command-line options for the Zilog
39 Z8000 family.
41 @node Z8000 Syntax
42 @section Syntax
43 @menu
44 * Z8000-Chars:: Special Characters
45 * Z8000-Regs:: Register Names
46 * Z8000-Addressing:: Addressing Modes
47 @end menu
49 @node Z8000-Chars
50 @subsection Special Characters
52 @cindex line comment character, Z8000
53 @cindex Z8000 line comment character
54 @samp{!} is the line comment character.
56 @cindex line separator, Z8000
57 @cindex statement separator, Z8000
58 @cindex Z8000 line separator
59 You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements.
61 @node Z8000-Regs
62 @subsection Register Names
64 @cindex Z8000 registers
65 @cindex registers, Z8000
66 The Z8000 has sixteen 16 bit registers, numbered 0 to 15. You can refer
67 to different sized groups of registers by register number, with the
68 prefix @samp{r} for 16 bit registers, @samp{rr} for 32 bit registers and
69 @samp{rq} for 64 bit registers. You can also refer to the contents of
70 the first eight (of the sixteen 16 bit registers) by bytes. They are
71 named @samp{r@var{n}h} and @samp{r@var{n}l}.
73 @smallexample
74 @exdent @emph{byte registers}
75 r0l r0h r1h r1l r2h r2l r3h r3l
76 r4h r4l r5h r5l r6h r6l r7h r7l
78 @exdent @emph{word registers}
79 r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15
81 @exdent @emph{long word registers}
82 rr0 rr2 rr4 rr6 rr8 rr10 rr12 rr14
84 @exdent @emph{quad word registers}
85 rq0 rq4 rq8 rq12
86 @end smallexample
88 @node Z8000-Addressing
89 @subsection Addressing Modes
91 @cindex addressing modes, Z8000
92 @cindex Z800 addressing modes
93 @value{AS} understands the following addressing modes for the Z8000:
95 @table @code
96 @item r@var{n}
97 Register direct
99 @item @@r@var{n}
100 Indirect register
102 @item @var{addr}
103 Direct: the 16 bit or 24 bit address (depending on whether the assembler
104 is in segmented or unsegmented mode) of the operand is in the instruction.
106 @item address(r@var{n})
107 Indexed: the 16 or 24 bit address is added to the 16 bit register to produce
108 the final address in memory of the operand.
110 @item r@var{n}(#@var{imm})
111 Base Address: the 16 or 24 bit register is added to the 16 bit sign
112 extended immediate displacement to produce the final address in memory
113 of the operand.
115 @item r@var{n}(r@var{m})
116 Base Index: the 16 or 24 bit register r@var{n} is added to the sign
117 extended 16 bit index register r@var{m} to produce the final address in
118 memory of the operand.
120 @item #@var{xx}
121 Immediate data @var{xx}.
122 @end table
124 @node Z8000 Directives
125 @section Assembler Directives for the Z8000
127 @cindex Z8000 directives
128 @cindex directives, Z8000
129 The Z8000 port of @value{AS} includes these additional assembler directives,
130 for compatibility with other Z8000 assemblers. As shown, these do not
131 begin with @samp{.} (unlike the ordinary @value{AS} directives).
133 @table @code
134 @kindex segm
135 @item segm
136 Generates code for the segmented Z8001.
138 @kindex unsegm
139 @item unsegm
140 Generates code for the unsegmented Z8002.
142 @kindex name
143 @item name
144 Synonym for @code{.file}
146 @kindex global
147 @item global
148 Synonym for @code{.global}
150 @kindex wval
151 @item wval
152 Synonym for @code{.word}
154 @kindex lval
155 @item lval
156 Synonym for @code{.long}
158 @kindex bval
159 @item bval
160 Synonym for @code{.byte}
162 @kindex sval
163 @item sval
164 Assemble a string. @code{sval} expects one string literal, delimited by
165 single quotes. It assembles each byte of the string into consecutive
166 addresses. You can use the escape sequence @samp{%@var{xx}} (where
167 @var{xx} represents a two-digit hexadecimal number) to represent the
168 character whose @sc{ascii} value is @var{xx}. Use this feature to
169 describe single quote and other characters that may not appear in string
170 literals as themselves. For example, the C statement @w{@samp{char *a =
171 "he said \"it's 50% off\"";}} is represented in Z8000 assembly language
172 (shown with the assembler output in hex at the left) as
174 @iftex
175 @begingroup
176 @let@nonarrowing=@comment
177 @end iftex
178 @smallexample
179 68652073 sval 'he said %22it%27s 50%25 off%22%00'
180 61696420
181 22697427
182 73203530
183 25206F66
184 662200
185 @end smallexample
186 @iftex
187 @endgroup
188 @end iftex
190 @kindex rsect
191 @item rsect
192 synonym for @code{.section}
194 @kindex block
195 @item block
196 synonym for @code{.space}
198 @kindex even
199 @item even
200 special case of @code{.align}; aligns output to even byte boundary.
201 @end table
203 @node Z8000 Opcodes
204 @section Opcodes
206 @cindex Z8000 opcode summary
207 @cindex opcode summary, Z8000
208 @cindex mnemonics, Z8000
209 @cindex instruction summary, Z8000
210 For detailed information on the Z8000 machine instruction set, see
211 @cite{Z8000 Technical Manual}.
213 @ifset SMALL
214 @c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly
215 @c except in smallbook. See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file.
217 The following table summarizes the opcodes and their arguments:
218 @iftex
219 @begingroup
220 @let@nonarrowing=@comment
221 @end iftex
222 @smallexample
224 rs @r{16 bit source register}
225 rd @r{16 bit destination register}
226 rbs @r{8 bit source register}
227 rbd @r{8 bit destination register}
228 rrs @r{32 bit source register}
229 rrd @r{32 bit destination register}
230 rqs @r{64 bit source register}
231 rqd @r{64 bit destination register}
232 addr @r{16/24 bit address}
233 imm @r{immediate data}
235 adc rd,rs clrb addr cpsir @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc
236 adcb rbd,rbs clrb addr(rd) cpsirb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc
237 add rd,@@rs clrb rbd dab rbd
238 add rd,addr com @@rd dbjnz rbd,disp7
239 add rd,addr(rs) com addr dec @@rd,imm4m1
240 add rd,imm16 com addr(rd) dec addr(rd),imm4m1
241 add rd,rs com rd dec addr,imm4m1
242 addb rbd,@@rs comb @@rd dec rd,imm4m1
243 addb rbd,addr comb addr decb @@rd,imm4m1
244 addb rbd,addr(rs) comb addr(rd) decb addr(rd),imm4m1
245 addb rbd,imm8 comb rbd decb addr,imm4m1
246 addb rbd,rbs comflg flags decb rbd,imm4m1
247 addl rrd,@@rs cp @@rd,imm16 di i2
248 addl rrd,addr cp addr(rd),imm16 div rrd,@@rs
249 addl rrd,addr(rs) cp addr,imm16 div rrd,addr
250 addl rrd,imm32 cp rd,@@rs div rrd,addr(rs)
251 addl rrd,rrs cp rd,addr div rrd,imm16
252 and rd,@@rs cp rd,addr(rs) div rrd,rs
253 and rd,addr cp rd,imm16 divl rqd,@@rs
254 and rd,addr(rs) cp rd,rs divl rqd,addr
255 and rd,imm16 cpb @@rd,imm8 divl rqd,addr(rs)
256 and rd,rs cpb addr(rd),imm8 divl rqd,imm32
257 andb rbd,@@rs cpb addr,imm8 divl rqd,rrs
258 andb rbd,addr cpb rbd,@@rs djnz rd,disp7
259 andb rbd,addr(rs) cpb rbd,addr ei i2
260 andb rbd,imm8 cpb rbd,addr(rs) ex rd,@@rs
261 andb rbd,rbs cpb rbd,imm8 ex rd,addr
262 bit @@rd,imm4 cpb rbd,rbs ex rd,addr(rs)
263 bit addr(rd),imm4 cpd rd,@@rs,rr,cc ex rd,rs
264 bit addr,imm4 cpdb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,@@rs
265 bit rd,imm4 cpdr rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr
266 bit rd,rs cpdrb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr(rs)
267 bitb @@rd,imm4 cpi rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,rbs
268 bitb addr(rd),imm4 cpib rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0e imm8
269 bitb addr,imm4 cpir rd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0f imm8
270 bitb rbd,imm4 cpirb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext8e imm8
271 bitb rbd,rs cpl rrd,@@rs ext8f imm8
272 bpt cpl rrd,addr exts rrd
273 call @@rd cpl rrd,addr(rs) extsb rd
274 call addr cpl rrd,imm32 extsl rqd
275 call addr(rd) cpl rrd,rrs halt
276 calr disp12 cpsd @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,@@rs
277 clr @@rd cpsdb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,imm16
278 clr addr cpsdr @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,@@rs
279 clr addr(rd) cpsdrb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,imm16
280 clr rd cpsi @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc @@rd,imm4m1
281 clrb @@rd cpsib @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc addr(rd),imm4m1
282 inc addr,imm4m1 ldb rbd,rs(rx) mult rrd,addr(rs)
283 inc rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(imm16),rbs mult rrd,imm16
284 incb @@rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(rx),rbs mult rrd,rs
285 incb addr(rd),imm4m1 ldctl ctrl,rs multl rqd,@@rs
286 incb addr,imm4m1 ldctl rd,ctrl multl rqd,addr
287 incb rbd,imm4m1 ldd @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,addr(rs)
288 ind @@rd,@@rs,ra lddb @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,imm32
289 indb @@rd,@@rs,rba lddr @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,rrs
290 inib @@rd,@@rs,ra lddrb @@rs,@@rd,rr neg @@rd
291 inibr @@rd,@@rs,ra ldi @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr
292 iret ldib @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr(rd)
293 jp cc,@@rd ldir @@rd,@@rs,rr neg rd
294 jp cc,addr ldirb @@rd,@@rs,rr negb @@rd
295 jp cc,addr(rd) ldk rd,imm4 negb addr
296 jr cc,disp8 ldl @@rd,rrs negb addr(rd)
297 ld @@rd,imm16 ldl addr(rd),rrs negb rbd
298 ld @@rd,rs ldl addr,rrs nop
299 ld addr(rd),imm16 ldl rd(imm16),rrs or rd,@@rs
300 ld addr(rd),rs ldl rd(rx),rrs or rd,addr
301 ld addr,imm16 ldl rrd,@@rs or rd,addr(rs)
302 ld addr,rs ldl rrd,addr or rd,imm16
303 ld rd(imm16),rs ldl rrd,addr(rs) or rd,rs
304 ld rd(rx),rs ldl rrd,imm32 orb rbd,@@rs
305 ld rd,@@rs ldl rrd,rrs orb rbd,addr
306 ld rd,addr ldl rrd,rs(imm16) orb rbd,addr(rs)
307 ld rd,addr(rs) ldl rrd,rs(rx) orb rbd,imm8
308 ld rd,imm16 ldm @@rd,rs,n orb rbd,rbs
309 ld rd,rs ldm addr(rd),rs,n out @@rd,rs
310 ld rd,rs(imm16) ldm addr,rs,n out imm16,rs
311 ld rd,rs(rx) ldm rd,@@rs,n outb @@rd,rbs
312 lda rd,addr ldm rd,addr(rs),n outb imm16,rbs
313 lda rd,addr(rs) ldm rd,addr,n outd @@rd,@@rs,ra
314 lda rd,rs(imm16) ldps @@rs outdb @@rd,@@rs,rba
315 lda rd,rs(rx) ldps addr outib @@rd,@@rs,ra
316 ldar rd,disp16 ldps addr(rs) outibr @@rd,@@rs,ra
317 ldb @@rd,imm8 ldr disp16,rs pop @@rd,@@rs
318 ldb @@rd,rbs ldr rd,disp16 pop addr(rd),@@rs
319 ldb addr(rd),imm8 ldrb disp16,rbs pop addr,@@rs
320 ldb addr(rd),rbs ldrb rbd,disp16 pop rd,@@rs
321 ldb addr,imm8 ldrl disp16,rrs popl @@rd,@@rs
322 ldb addr,rbs ldrl rrd,disp16 popl addr(rd),@@rs
323 ldb rbd,@@rs mbit popl addr,@@rs
324 ldb rbd,addr mreq rd popl rrd,@@rs
325 ldb rbd,addr(rs) mres push @@rd,@@rs
326 ldb rbd,imm8 mset push @@rd,addr
327 ldb rbd,rbs mult rrd,@@rs push @@rd,addr(rs)
328 ldb rbd,rs(imm16) mult rrd,addr push @@rd,imm16
329 push @@rd,rs set addr,imm4 subl rrd,imm32
330 pushl @@rd,@@rs set rd,imm4 subl rrd,rrs
331 pushl @@rd,addr set rd,rs tcc cc,rd
332 pushl @@rd,addr(rs) setb @@rd,imm4 tccb cc,rbd
333 pushl @@rd,rrs setb addr(rd),imm4 test @@rd
334 res @@rd,imm4 setb addr,imm4 test addr
335 res addr(rd),imm4 setb rbd,imm4 test addr(rd)
336 res addr,imm4 setb rbd,rs test rd
337 res rd,imm4 setflg imm4 testb @@rd
338 res rd,rs sinb rbd,imm16 testb addr
339 resb @@rd,imm4 sinb rd,imm16 testb addr(rd)
340 resb addr(rd),imm4 sind @@rd,@@rs,ra testb rbd
341 resb addr,imm4 sindb @@rd,@@rs,rba testl @@rd
342 resb rbd,imm4 sinib @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr
343 resb rbd,rs sinibr @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr(rd)
344 resflg imm4 sla rd,imm8 testl rrd
345 ret cc slab rbd,imm8 trdb @@rd,@@rs,rba
346 rl rd,imm1or2 slal rrd,imm8 trdrb @@rd,@@rs,rba
347 rlb rbd,imm1or2 sll rd,imm8 trib @@rd,@@rs,rbr
348 rlc rd,imm1or2 sllb rbd,imm8 trirb @@rd,@@rs,rbr
349 rlcb rbd,imm1or2 slll rrd,imm8 trtdrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr
350 rldb rbb,rba sout imm16,rs trtib @@ra,@@rb,rr
351 rr rd,imm1or2 soutb imm16,rbs trtirb @@ra,@@rb,rbr
352 rrb rbd,imm1or2 soutd @@rd,@@rs,ra trtrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr
353 rrc rd,imm1or2 soutdb @@rd,@@rs,rba tset @@rd
354 rrcb rbd,imm1or2 soutib @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr
355 rrdb rbb,rba soutibr @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr(rd)
356 rsvd36 sra rd,imm8 tset rd
357 rsvd38 srab rbd,imm8 tsetb @@rd
358 rsvd78 sral rrd,imm8 tsetb addr
359 rsvd7e srl rd,imm8 tsetb addr(rd)
360 rsvd9d srlb rbd,imm8 tsetb rbd
361 rsvd9f srll rrd,imm8 xor rd,@@rs
362 rsvdb9 sub rd,@@rs xor rd,addr
363 rsvdbf sub rd,addr xor rd,addr(rs)
364 sbc rd,rs sub rd,addr(rs) xor rd,imm16
365 sbcb rbd,rbs sub rd,imm16 xor rd,rs
366 sc imm8 sub rd,rs xorb rbd,@@rs
367 sda rd,rs subb rbd,@@rs xorb rbd,addr
368 sdab rbd,rs subb rbd,addr xorb rbd,addr(rs)
369 sdal rrd,rs subb rbd,addr(rs) xorb rbd,imm8
370 sdl rd,rs subb rbd,imm8 xorb rbd,rbs
371 sdlb rbd,rs subb rbd,rbs xorb rbd,rbs
372 sdll rrd,rs subl rrd,@@rs
373 set @@rd,imm4 subl rrd,addr
374 set addr(rd),imm4 subl rrd,addr(rs)
375 @end smallexample
376 @iftex
377 @endgroup
378 @end iftex
379 @end ifset