1 .\" $OpenBSD: group.5,v 1.15 2012/06/20 22:15:13 schwarze Exp $
2 .\" $NetBSD: group.5,v 1.4 1995/07/28 06:41:39 phil Exp $
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6 .\" Portions Copyright(c) 1994, Jason Downs. All rights reserved.
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32 .\" @(#)group.5 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
34 .Dd $Mdocdate: June 20 2012 $
39 .Nd format of the group permissions file
43 consists of newline separated
45 records, one per group, containing four colon
48 These fields are as follows:
50 .Bl -tag -width password -offset indent -compact
54 Group's encrypted password.
56 The group's decimal ID.
63 field is the group name used for granting file access to users
64 who are members of the group.
67 field is the number associated with the group name.
68 They should both be unique across the system (and often
69 across a group of systems) since they control file access.
72 field is an optional encrypted password.
73 This field is rarely used and an asterisk is normally placed in it
74 rather than leaving it blank.
77 field contains the names of users granted the privileges of
79 The member names are separated by commas without spaces or newlines.
80 A user is automatically in a group if that group was specified in their
82 entry and does not need to be added to that group in the
86 .\" When the system reads the file
88 .\" the fields are read into the structure
92 .\" .Bd -literal -offset indent
94 .\" char *gr_name; /* group name */
95 .\" char *gr_passwd; /* group password */
96 .\" int gr_gid; /* group id */
97 .\" char **gr_mem; /* group members */
103 file also supports YP exclusions and inclusions.
105 Lines beginning with a
107 (minus sign) are entries marked as being excluded from any following
108 inclusions, which are marked with a `+' (plus sign).
111 .Bd -literal -offset indent
115 cause the specified group to be included from the
118 If no group name is specified, or the
120 (plus sign) appears alone on a line, all groups are included from the YP map.
122 YP references may appear anywhere in the file, but the single
124 form should be on the last line, for historical reasons.
125 Only the first group with a specific name encountered, whether in the
127 file itself, or included via YP, will be used.
129 Proper YP group support requires consistent
141 When YP is enabled but temporarily unavailable, login becomes impossible
142 for all users except those having an entry in the
146 .Bl -tag -width /etc/group -compact
160 file format first appeared in
163 The YP file format first appeared in SunOS.
167 command does not change the
173 are limited to 1024 characters.
174 YP groups are not affected by this limit.
176 Groups are limited to a maximum of 200 members per group.