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1 # phonetic suggestions by PHONE and optional ph field of dictionary words
2 # Documentationo of PHONE: http://aspell.net/man-html/Phonetic-Code.html
4 # phonetic_english.h - phonetic transformation rules for use with phonetic.c
5 # Copyright (C) 2000 Björn Jacke
6 #
7 # This rule set is based on Lawrence Phillips original metaphone
8 # algorithm with modifications made by Michael Kuhn in his
9 # C implantation, more modifications by Björn Jacke when
10 # converting the algorithm to a rule set and minor
11 # touch ups by Kevin Atkinson
12 #
13 # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14 # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
15 # License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation;
16 #
17 # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
20 # Lesser General Public License for more details.
21 #
22 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
23 # License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
24 # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
25 #
26 # Björn Jacke may be reached by email at bjoern.jacke@gmx.de
27 #
28 # Changelog:
29 #
30 # 2000-01-05 Björn Jacke <bjoern.jacke@gmx.de>
31 # - first version with translation rules derived from
32 # metaphone.cc distributed with aspell 0.28.3
33 # - "TH" is now representated as "@" because "0" is a
34 # meta character
35 # - removed TH(!vowel) --> T; always use TH --> # instead
36 # - dropped "^AE" -> "E" (redundant)
37 # - "ing" is transformed to "N", not "NK"
38 # - "SCH(EO)" transforms to "SK" now
39 # - added R --> SILENT if (after a vowel) and no (vowel or
40 # "y" follows) like in "Marcy" or "abort"
41 # - H is SILENT in RH at beginning of words
42 # - H is SILENT if vowel leads and "Y" follows
43 # - some ".OUGH.." --> ...F exceptions added
44 # - "^V" transforms to "W"
45 # 2000-01-07 Kevin Atkinson <kevinatk@home.com>
46 # Converted from header to data file.
47 #
48 # 2007-08-23 László Németh <nemeth AT OOo>
49 # Add PHONE header and PHONE keywords
50 #
51 # version 1.1
53 PHONE 105
54 PHONE AH(AEIOUY)-^ *H
55 PHONE AR(AEIOUY)-^ *R
56 PHONE A(HR)^ *
57 PHONE A^ *
58 PHONE AH(AEIOUY)- H
59 PHONE AR(AEIOUY)- R
60 PHONE A(HR) _
61 PHONE BB- _
62 PHONE B B
63 PHONE CQ- _
64 PHONE CIA X
65 PHONE CH X
66 PHONE C(EIY)- S
67 PHONE CK K
68 PHONE COUGH^ KF
69 PHONE CC< C
70 PHONE C K
71 PHONE DG(EIY) K
72 PHONE DD- _
73 PHONE D T
74 PHONE É< E
75 PHONE EH(AEIOUY)-^ *H
76 PHONE ER(AEIOUY)-^ *R
77 PHONE E(HR)^ *
78 PHONE ENOUGH^$ *NF
79 PHONE E^ *
80 PHONE EH(AEIOUY)- H
81 PHONE ER(AEIOUY)- R
82 PHONE E(HR) _
83 PHONE FF- _
84 PHONE F F
85 PHONE GN^ N
86 PHONE GN$ N
87 PHONE GNS$ NS
88 PHONE GNED$ N
89 PHONE GH(AEIOUY)- K
90 PHONE GH _
91 PHONE GG9 K
92 PHONE G K
93 PHONE H H
94 PHONE IH(AEIOUY)-^ *H
95 PHONE IR(AEIOUY)-^ *R
96 PHONE I(HR)^ *
97 PHONE I^ *
98 PHONE ING6 N
99 PHONE IH(AEIOUY)- H
100 PHONE IR(AEIOUY)- R
101 PHONE I(HR) _
102 PHONE J K
103 PHONE KN^ N
104 PHONE KK- _
105 PHONE K K
106 PHONE LAUGH^ LF
107 PHONE LL- _
108 PHONE L L
109 PHONE MB$ M
110 PHONE MM M
111 PHONE M M
112 PHONE NN- _
113 PHONE N N
114 PHONE OH(AEIOUY)-^ *H
115 PHONE OR(AEIOUY)-^ *R
116 PHONE O(HR)^ *
117 PHONE O^ *
118 PHONE OH(AEIOUY)- H
119 PHONE OR(AEIOUY)- R
120 PHONE O(HR) _
121 PHONE PH F
122 PHONE PN^ N
123 PHONE PP- _
124 PHONE P P
125 PHONE Q K
126 PHONE RH^ R
127 PHONE ROUGH^ RF
128 PHONE RR- _
129 PHONE R R
130 PHONE SCH(EOU)- SK
131 PHONE SC(IEY)- S
132 PHONE SH X
133 PHONE SI(AO)- X
134 PHONE SS- _
135 PHONE S S
136 PHONE TI(AO)- X
137 PHONE TH @
138 PHONE TCH-- _
139 PHONE TOUGH^ TF
140 PHONE TT- _
141 PHONE T T
142 PHONE UH(AEIOUY)-^ *H
143 PHONE UR(AEIOUY)-^ *R
144 PHONE U(HR)^ *
145 PHONE U^ *
146 PHONE UH(AEIOUY)- H
147 PHONE UR(AEIOUY)- R
148 PHONE U(HR) _
149 PHONE V^ W
150 PHONE V F
151 PHONE WR^ R
152 PHONE WH^ W
153 PHONE W(AEIOU)- W
154 PHONE X^ S
155 PHONE X KS
156 PHONE Y(AEIOU)- Y
157 PHONE ZZ- _
158 PHONE Z S
160 #The rules in a different view:
161 #
162 # Exceptions:
163 #
164 # Beginning of word: "gn", "kn-", "pn-", "wr-" ----> drop first letter
165 # "Aebersold", "Gnagy", "Knuth", "Pniewski", "Wright"
166 #
167 # Beginning of word: "x" ----> change to "s"
168 # as in "Deng Xiaopeng"
169 #
170 # Beginning of word: "wh-" ----> change to "w"
171 # as in "Whalen"
172 # Beginning of word: leading vowels are transformed to "*"
173 #
174 # "[crt]ough" and "enough" are handled separately because of "F" sound
175 #
176 #
177 # A --> A at beginning
178 # _ otherwise
179 #
180 # B --> B unless at the end of word after "m", as in "dumb", "McComb"
181 #
182 # C --> X (sh) if "-cia-" or "-ch-"
183 # S if "-ci-", "-ce-", or "-cy-"
184 # SILENT if "-sci-", "-sce-", or "-scy-", or "-cq-"
185 # K otherwise, including in "-sch-"
186 #
187 # D --> K if in "-dge-", "-dgy-", or "-dgi-"
188 # T otherwise
189 #
190 # E --> A at beginnig
191 # _ SILENT otherwise
192 #
193 # F --> F
194 #
195 # G --> SILENT if in "-gh-" and not at end or before a vowel
196 # in "-gn" or "-gned" or "-gns"
197 # in "-dge-" etc., as in above rule
198 # K if before "i", or "e", or "y" if not double "gg"
199 #
200 # K otherwise (incl. "GG"!)
201 #
202 # H --> SILENT if after vowel and no vowel or "Y" follows
203 # or after "-ch-", "-sh-", "-ph-", "-th-", "-gh-"
204 # or after "rh-" at beginning
205 # H otherwise
206 #
207 # I --> A at beginning
208 # _ SILENT otherwise
209 #
210 # J --> K
211 #
212 # K --> SILENT if after "c"
213 # K otherwise
214 #
215 # L --> L
216 #
217 # M --> M
218 #
219 # N --> N
220 #
221 # O --> A at beginning
222 # _ SILENT otherwise
223 #
224 # P --> F if before "h"
225 # P otherwise
226 #
227 # Q --> K
228 #
229 # R --> SILENT if after vowel and no vowel or "Y" follows
230 # R otherwise
231 #
232 # S --> X (sh) if before "h" or in "-sio-" or "-sia-"
233 # SK if followed by "ch(eo)" (SCH(EO))
234 # S otherwise
235 #
236 # T --> X (sh) if "-tia-" or "-tio-"
237 # 0 (th) if before "h"
238 # silent if in "-tch-"
239 # T otherwise
240 #
241 # U --> A at beginning
242 # _ SILENT otherwise
243 #
244 # V --> V if first letter of word
245 # F otherwise
246 #
247 # W --> SILENT if not followed by a vowel
248 # W if followed by a vowel
249 #
250 # X --> KS
251 #
252 # Y --> SILENT if not followed by a vowel
253 # Y if followed by a vowel
254 #
255 # Z --> S