2 * Copyright (C) 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
3 * Copyright (C) 2006 Alexey Proskuryakov <ap@nypop.com>
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE COMPUTER, INC. ``AS IS'' AND ANY
15 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
17 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE COMPUTER, INC. OR
18 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
19 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
20 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
21 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
22 * OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
24 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28 #include "wtf/text/TextCodecICU.h"
30 #include "wtf/Assertions.h"
31 #include "wtf/StringExtras.h"
32 #include "wtf/Threading.h"
33 #include "wtf/WTFThreadData.h"
34 #include "wtf/text/CString.h"
35 #include "wtf/text/CharacterNames.h"
36 #include "wtf/text/StringBuilder.h"
37 #include <unicode/ucnv.h>
38 #include <unicode/ucnv_cb.h>
44 const size_t ConversionBufferSize
= 16384;
46 ICUConverterWrapper::~ICUConverterWrapper()
49 ucnv_close(converter
);
52 static UConverter
*& cachedConverterICU()
54 return wtfThreadData().cachedConverterICU().converter
;
57 PassOwnPtr
<TextCodec
> TextCodecICU::create(const TextEncoding
& encoding
, const void*)
59 return adoptPtr(new TextCodecICU(encoding
));
62 void TextCodecICU::registerEncodingNames(EncodingNameRegistrar registrar
)
64 // We register Hebrew with logical ordering using a separate name.
65 // Otherwise, this would share the same canonical name as the
66 // visual ordering case, and then TextEncoding could not tell them
67 // apart; ICU treats these names as synonyms.
68 registrar("ISO-8859-8-I", "ISO-8859-8-I");
70 int32_t numEncodings
= ucnv_countAvailable();
71 for (int32_t i
= 0; i
< numEncodings
; ++i
) {
72 const char* name
= ucnv_getAvailableName(i
);
73 UErrorCode error
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
74 #if !defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
75 const char* primaryStandard
= "HTML";
76 const char* secondaryStandard
= "MIME";
78 const char* primaryStandard
= "MIME";
79 const char* secondaryStandard
= "IANA";
81 const char* standardName
= ucnv_getStandardName(name
, primaryStandard
, &error
);
82 if (U_FAILURE(error
) || !standardName
) {
84 // Try IANA to pick up 'windows-12xx' and other names
85 // which are not preferred MIME names but are widely used.
86 standardName
= ucnv_getStandardName(name
, secondaryStandard
, &error
);
87 if (U_FAILURE(error
) || !standardName
)
91 // A number of these aliases are handled in Chrome's copy of ICU, but
92 // Chromium can be compiled with the system ICU.
94 // 1. Treat GB2312 encoding as GBK (its more modern superset), to match other browsers.
95 // 2. On the Web, GB2312 is encoded as EUC-CN or HZ, while ICU provides a native encoding
96 // for encoding GB_2312-80 and several others. So, we need to override this behavior, too.
97 #if defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
98 if (!strcmp(standardName
, "GB2312") || !strcmp(standardName
, "GB_2312-80"))
100 // Similarly, EUC-KR encodings all map to an extended version, but
101 // per HTML5, the canonical name still should be EUC-KR.
102 else if (!strcmp(standardName
, "EUC-KR") || !strcmp(standardName
, "KSC_5601") || !strcmp(standardName
, "cp1363"))
103 standardName
= "EUC-KR";
105 else if (!strcasecmp(standardName
, "iso-8859-9")) // This name is returned in different case by ICU 3.2 and 3.6.
106 standardName
= "windows-1254";
107 else if (!strcmp(standardName
, "TIS-620"))
108 standardName
= "windows-874";
111 registrar(standardName
, standardName
);
113 uint16_t numAliases
= ucnv_countAliases(name
, &error
);
114 ASSERT(U_SUCCESS(error
));
115 if (U_SUCCESS(error
))
116 for (uint16_t j
= 0; j
< numAliases
; ++j
) {
117 error
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
118 const char* alias
= ucnv_getAlias(name
, j
, &error
);
119 ASSERT(U_SUCCESS(error
));
120 if (U_SUCCESS(error
) && alias
!= standardName
)
121 registrar(alias
, standardName
);
125 // These two entries have to be added here because ICU's converter table
126 // cannot have both ISO-8859-8-I and ISO-8859-8.
127 registrar("csISO88598I", "ISO-8859-8-I");
128 registrar("logical", "ISO-8859-8-I");
130 #if defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
131 // Additional alias for MacCyrillic not present in ICU.
132 registrar("maccyrillic", "x-mac-cyrillic");
134 // Additional aliases that historically were present in the encoding
135 // table in WebKit on Macintosh that don't seem to be present in ICU.
136 // Perhaps we can prove these are not used on the web and remove them.
137 // Or perhaps we can get them added to ICU.
138 registrar("x-mac-roman", "macintosh");
139 registrar("x-mac-ukrainian", "x-mac-cyrillic");
140 registrar("cn-big5", "Big5");
141 registrar("x-x-big5", "Big5");
142 registrar("cn-gb", "GBK");
143 registrar("csgb231280", "GBK");
144 registrar("x-euc-cn", "GBK");
145 registrar("x-gbk", "GBK");
146 registrar("koi", "KOI8-R");
147 registrar("visual", "ISO-8859-8");
148 registrar("winarabic", "windows-1256");
149 registrar("winbaltic", "windows-1257");
150 registrar("wincyrillic", "windows-1251");
151 registrar("iso-8859-11", "windows-874");
152 registrar("iso8859-11", "windows-874");
153 registrar("dos-874", "windows-874");
154 registrar("wingreek", "windows-1253");
155 registrar("winhebrew", "windows-1255");
156 registrar("winlatin2", "windows-1250");
157 registrar("winturkish", "windows-1254");
158 registrar("winvietnamese", "windows-1258");
159 registrar("x-cp1250", "windows-1250");
160 registrar("x-cp1251", "windows-1251");
161 registrar("x-euc", "EUC-JP");
162 registrar("x-windows-949", "EUC-KR");
163 registrar("KSC5601", "EUC-KR");
164 registrar("x-uhc", "EUC-KR");
165 registrar("shift-jis", "Shift_JIS");
167 // Alternative spelling of ISO encoding names.
168 registrar("ISO8859-1", "ISO-8859-1");
169 registrar("ISO8859-2", "ISO-8859-2");
170 registrar("ISO8859-3", "ISO-8859-3");
171 registrar("ISO8859-4", "ISO-8859-4");
172 registrar("ISO8859-5", "ISO-8859-5");
173 registrar("ISO8859-6", "ISO-8859-6");
174 registrar("ISO8859-7", "ISO-8859-7");
175 registrar("ISO8859-8", "ISO-8859-8");
176 registrar("ISO8859-8-I", "ISO-8859-8-I");
177 registrar("ISO8859-9", "ISO-8859-9");
178 registrar("ISO8859-10", "ISO-8859-10");
179 registrar("ISO8859-13", "ISO-8859-13");
180 registrar("ISO8859-14", "ISO-8859-14");
181 registrar("ISO8859-15", "ISO-8859-15");
182 // No need to have an entry for ISO8859-16. ISO-8859-16 has just one label
183 // listed in WHATWG Encoding Living Standard (http://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/ ).
185 // Additional aliases present in the WHATWG Encoding Standard
186 // and Firefox (as of Oct 2014), but not in the upstream ICU.
187 // Three entries for windows-1252 need not be listed here because
188 // TextCodecLatin1 registers them.
189 registrar("csiso58gb231280", "GBK");
190 registrar("csiso88596e", "ISO-8859-6");
191 registrar("csiso88596i", "ISO-8859-6");
192 registrar("csiso88598e", "ISO-8859-8");
193 registrar("gb_2312", "GBK");
194 registrar("iso88592", "ISO-8859-2");
195 registrar("iso88593", "ISO-8859-3");
196 registrar("iso88594", "ISO-8859-4");
197 registrar("iso88595", "ISO-8859-5");
198 registrar("iso88596", "ISO-8859-6");
199 registrar("iso88597", "ISO-8859-7");
200 registrar("iso88598", "ISO-8859-8");
201 registrar("iso88599", "windows-1254");
202 registrar("iso885910", "ISO-8859-10");
203 registrar("iso885911", "windows-874");
204 registrar("iso885913", "ISO-8859-13");
205 registrar("iso885914", "ISO-8859-14");
206 registrar("iso885915", "ISO-8859-15");
207 registrar("iso_8859-2", "ISO-8859-2");
208 registrar("iso_8859-3", "ISO-8859-3");
209 registrar("iso_8859-4", "ISO-8859-4");
210 registrar("iso_8859-5", "ISO-8859-5");
211 registrar("iso_8859-6", "ISO-8859-6");
212 registrar("iso_8859-7", "ISO-8859-7");
213 registrar("iso_8859-8", "ISO-8859-8");
214 registrar("iso_8859-9", "windows-1254");
215 registrar("iso_8859-15", "ISO-8859-15");
216 registrar("koi8_r", "KOI8-R");
217 registrar("x-cp1253", "windows-1253");
218 registrar("x-cp1254", "windows-1254");
219 registrar("x-cp1255", "windows-1255");
220 registrar("x-cp1256", "windows-1256");
221 registrar("x-cp1257", "windows-1257");
222 registrar("x-cp1258", "windows-1258");
226 void TextCodecICU::registerCodecs(TextCodecRegistrar registrar
)
228 // See comment above in registerEncodingNames.
229 registrar("ISO-8859-8-I", create
, 0);
231 int32_t numEncodings
= ucnv_countAvailable();
232 for (int32_t i
= 0; i
< numEncodings
; ++i
) {
233 const char* name
= ucnv_getAvailableName(i
);
234 UErrorCode error
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
235 const char* standardName
= ucnv_getStandardName(name
, "MIME", &error
);
236 if (!U_SUCCESS(error
) || !standardName
) {
237 error
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
238 standardName
= ucnv_getStandardName(name
, "IANA", &error
);
239 if (!U_SUCCESS(error
) || !standardName
)
242 registrar(standardName
, create
, 0);
246 TextCodecICU::TextCodecICU(const TextEncoding
& encoding
)
247 : m_encoding(encoding
)
249 #if defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
250 , m_needsGBKFallbacks(false)
255 TextCodecICU::~TextCodecICU()
257 releaseICUConverter();
260 void TextCodecICU::releaseICUConverter() const
262 if (m_converterICU
) {
263 UConverter
*& cachedConverter
= cachedConverterICU();
265 ucnv_close(cachedConverter
);
266 cachedConverter
= m_converterICU
;
271 void TextCodecICU::createICUConverter() const
273 ASSERT(!m_converterICU
);
275 #if defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
276 const char* name
= m_encoding
.name();
277 m_needsGBKFallbacks
= name
[0] == 'G' && name
[1] == 'B' && name
[2] == 'K' && !name
[3];
282 UConverter
*& cachedConverter
= cachedConverterICU();
283 if (cachedConverter
) {
285 const char* cachedName
= ucnv_getName(cachedConverter
, &err
);
286 if (U_SUCCESS(err
) && m_encoding
== cachedName
) {
287 m_converterICU
= cachedConverter
;
294 m_converterICU
= ucnv_open(m_encoding
.name(), &err
);
296 if (err
== U_AMBIGUOUS_ALIAS_WARNING
)
297 WTF_LOG_ERROR("ICU ambiguous alias warning for encoding: %s", m_encoding
.name());
300 ucnv_setFallback(m_converterICU
, TRUE
);
303 int TextCodecICU::decodeToBuffer(UChar
* target
, UChar
* targetLimit
, const char*& source
, const char* sourceLimit
, int32_t* offsets
, bool flush
, UErrorCode
& err
)
305 UChar
* targetStart
= target
;
307 ucnv_toUnicode(m_converterICU
, &target
, targetLimit
, &source
, sourceLimit
, offsets
, flush
, &err
);
308 return target
- targetStart
;
311 class ErrorCallbackSetter
{
313 ErrorCallbackSetter(UConverter
* converter
, bool stopOnError
)
314 : m_converter(converter
)
315 , m_shouldStopOnEncodingErrors(stopOnError
)
317 if (m_shouldStopOnEncodingErrors
) {
318 UErrorCode err
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
319 ucnv_setToUCallBack(m_converter
, UCNV_TO_U_CALLBACK_SUBSTITUTE
,
320 UCNV_SUB_STOP_ON_ILLEGAL
, &m_savedAction
,
321 &m_savedContext
, &err
);
322 ASSERT(err
== U_ZERO_ERROR
);
325 ~ErrorCallbackSetter()
327 if (m_shouldStopOnEncodingErrors
) {
328 UErrorCode err
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
329 const void* oldContext
;
330 UConverterToUCallback oldAction
;
331 ucnv_setToUCallBack(m_converter
, m_savedAction
,
332 m_savedContext
, &oldAction
,
334 ASSERT(oldAction
== UCNV_TO_U_CALLBACK_SUBSTITUTE
);
335 ASSERT(!strcmp(static_cast<const char*>(oldContext
), UCNV_SUB_STOP_ON_ILLEGAL
));
336 ASSERT(err
== U_ZERO_ERROR
);
341 UConverter
* m_converter
;
342 bool m_shouldStopOnEncodingErrors
;
343 const void* m_savedContext
;
344 UConverterToUCallback m_savedAction
;
347 String
TextCodecICU::decode(const char* bytes
, size_t length
, FlushBehavior flush
, bool stopOnError
, bool& sawError
)
349 // Get a converter for the passed-in encoding.
350 if (!m_converterICU
) {
351 createICUConverter();
352 ASSERT(m_converterICU
);
353 if (!m_converterICU
) {
354 WTF_LOG_ERROR("error creating ICU encoder even though encoding was in table");
359 ErrorCallbackSetter
callbackSetter(m_converterICU
, stopOnError
);
361 StringBuilder result
;
363 UChar buffer
[ConversionBufferSize
];
364 UChar
* bufferLimit
= buffer
+ ConversionBufferSize
;
365 const char* source
= reinterpret_cast<const char*>(bytes
);
366 const char* sourceLimit
= source
+ length
;
367 int32_t* offsets
= NULL
;
368 UErrorCode err
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
371 int ucharsDecoded
= decodeToBuffer(buffer
, bufferLimit
, source
, sourceLimit
, offsets
, flush
!= DoNotFlush
, err
);
372 result
.append(buffer
, ucharsDecoded
);
373 } while (err
== U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR
);
375 if (U_FAILURE(err
)) {
376 // flush the converter so it can be reused, and not be bothered by this error.
378 decodeToBuffer(buffer
, bufferLimit
, source
, sourceLimit
, offsets
, true, err
);
379 } while (source
< sourceLimit
);
383 #if !defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
384 // Chrome's copy of ICU does not have the issue described below.
385 return result
.toString();
387 String resultString
= result
.toString();
389 // <http://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=17014>
390 // Simplified Chinese pages use the code A3A0 to mean "full-width space", but ICU decodes it as U+E5E5.
391 if (!strcmp(m_encoding
.name(), "GBK")) {
392 if (!strcasecmp(m_encoding
.name(), "gb18030"))
393 resultString
.replace(0xE5E5, ideographicSpaceCharacter
);
394 // Make GBK compliant to the encoding spec and align with GB18030
395 resultString
.replace(0x01F9, 0xE7C8);
396 // FIXME: Once https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/show_bug.cgi?id=28740#c3
397 // is resolved, add U+1E3F => 0xE7C7.
404 #if defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
405 // U+01F9 and U+1E3F have to be mapped to xA8xBF and xA8xBC per the encoding
406 // spec, but ICU converter does not have them.
407 static UChar
fallbackForGBK(UChar32 character
)
411 return 0xE7C8; // mapped to xA8xBF by ICU.
413 return 0xE7C7; // mapped to xA8xBC by ICU.
419 // Invalid character handler when writing escaped entities for unrepresentable
420 // characters. See the declaration of TextCodec::encode for more.
421 static void urlEscapedEntityCallback(const void* context
, UConverterFromUnicodeArgs
* fromUArgs
, const UChar
* codeUnits
, int32_t length
,
422 UChar32 codePoint
, UConverterCallbackReason reason
, UErrorCode
* err
)
424 if (reason
== UCNV_UNASSIGNED
) {
427 UnencodableReplacementArray entity
;
428 int entityLen
= TextCodec::getUnencodableReplacement(codePoint
, URLEncodedEntitiesForUnencodables
, entity
);
429 ucnv_cbFromUWriteBytes(fromUArgs
, entity
, entityLen
, 0, err
);
431 UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE(context
, fromUArgs
, codeUnits
, length
, codePoint
, reason
, err
);
434 #if defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
435 // Substitutes special GBK characters, escaping all other unassigned entities.
436 static void gbkCallbackEscape(const void* context
, UConverterFromUnicodeArgs
* fromUArgs
, const UChar
* codeUnits
, int32_t length
,
437 UChar32 codePoint
, UConverterCallbackReason reason
, UErrorCode
* err
)
440 if (reason
== UCNV_UNASSIGNED
&& (outChar
= fallbackForGBK(codePoint
))) {
441 const UChar
* source
= &outChar
;
443 ucnv_cbFromUWriteUChars(fromUArgs
, &source
, source
+ 1, 0, err
);
446 UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE(context
, fromUArgs
, codeUnits
, length
, codePoint
, reason
, err
);
449 // Combines both gbkUrlEscapedEntityCallback and GBK character substitution.
450 static void gbkUrlEscapedEntityCallack(const void* context
, UConverterFromUnicodeArgs
* fromUArgs
, const UChar
* codeUnits
, int32_t length
,
451 UChar32 codePoint
, UConverterCallbackReason reason
, UErrorCode
* err
)
453 if (reason
== UCNV_UNASSIGNED
) {
454 if (UChar outChar
= fallbackForGBK(codePoint
)) {
455 const UChar
* source
= &outChar
;
457 ucnv_cbFromUWriteUChars(fromUArgs
, &source
, source
+ 1, 0, err
);
460 urlEscapedEntityCallback(context
, fromUArgs
, codeUnits
, length
, codePoint
, reason
, err
);
463 UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE(context
, fromUArgs
, codeUnits
, length
, codePoint
, reason
, err
);
466 static void gbkCallbackSubstitute(const void* context
, UConverterFromUnicodeArgs
* fromUArgs
, const UChar
* codeUnits
, int32_t length
,
467 UChar32 codePoint
, UConverterCallbackReason reason
, UErrorCode
* err
)
470 if (reason
== UCNV_UNASSIGNED
&& (outChar
= fallbackForGBK(codePoint
))) {
471 const UChar
* source
= &outChar
;
473 ucnv_cbFromUWriteUChars(fromUArgs
, &source
, source
+ 1, 0, err
);
476 UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_SUBSTITUTE(context
, fromUArgs
, codeUnits
, length
, codePoint
, reason
, err
);
478 #endif // USING_SYSTEM_ICU
480 class TextCodecInput
{
482 TextCodecInput(const TextEncoding
& encoding
, const UChar
* characters
, size_t length
)
483 : m_begin(characters
)
484 , m_end(characters
+ length
)
487 TextCodecInput(const TextEncoding
& encoding
, const LChar
* characters
, size_t length
)
489 m_buffer
.reserveInitialCapacity(length
);
490 for (size_t i
= 0; i
< length
; ++i
)
491 m_buffer
.append(characters
[i
]);
492 m_begin
= m_buffer
.data();
493 m_end
= m_begin
+ m_buffer
.size();
496 const UChar
* begin() const { return m_begin
; }
497 const UChar
* end() const { return m_end
; }
500 const UChar
* m_begin
;
502 Vector
<UChar
> m_buffer
;
505 CString
TextCodecICU::encodeInternal(const TextCodecInput
& input
, UnencodableHandling handling
)
507 const UChar
* source
= input
.begin();
508 const UChar
* end
= input
.end();
510 UErrorCode err
= U_ZERO_ERROR
;
513 case QuestionMarksForUnencodables
:
514 ucnv_setSubstChars(m_converterICU
, "?", 1, &err
);
515 #if !defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
516 ucnv_setFromUCallBack(m_converterICU
, UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_SUBSTITUTE
, 0, 0, 0, &err
);
518 ucnv_setFromUCallBack(m_converterICU
, m_needsGBKFallbacks
? gbkCallbackSubstitute
: UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_SUBSTITUTE
, 0, 0, 0, &err
);
521 case EntitiesForUnencodables
:
522 #if !defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
523 ucnv_setFromUCallBack(m_converterICU
, UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE
, UCNV_ESCAPE_XML_DEC
, 0, 0, &err
);
525 ucnv_setFromUCallBack(m_converterICU
, m_needsGBKFallbacks
? gbkCallbackEscape
: UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE
, UCNV_ESCAPE_XML_DEC
, 0, 0, &err
);
528 case URLEncodedEntitiesForUnencodables
:
529 #if !defined(USING_SYSTEM_ICU)
530 ucnv_setFromUCallBack(m_converterICU
, urlEscapedEntityCallback
, 0, 0, 0, &err
);
532 ucnv_setFromUCallBack(m_converterICU
, m_needsGBKFallbacks
? gbkUrlEscapedEntityCallack
: urlEscapedEntityCallback
, 0, 0, 0, &err
);
537 ASSERT(U_SUCCESS(err
));
544 char buffer
[ConversionBufferSize
];
545 char* target
= buffer
;
546 char* targetLimit
= target
+ ConversionBufferSize
;
548 ucnv_fromUnicode(m_converterICU
, &target
, targetLimit
, &source
, end
, 0, true, &err
);
549 size_t count
= target
- buffer
;
550 result
.grow(size
+ count
);
551 memcpy(result
.data() + size
, buffer
, count
);
553 } while (err
== U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR
);
555 return CString(result
.data(), size
);
558 template<typename CharType
>
559 CString
TextCodecICU::encodeCommon(const CharType
* characters
, size_t length
, UnencodableHandling handling
)
565 createICUConverter();
569 TextCodecInput
input(m_encoding
, characters
, length
);
570 return encodeInternal(input
, handling
);
573 CString
TextCodecICU::encode(const UChar
* characters
, size_t length
, UnencodableHandling handling
)
575 return encodeCommon(characters
, length
, handling
);
578 CString
TextCodecICU::encode(const LChar
* characters
, size_t length
, UnencodableHandling handling
)
580 return encodeCommon(characters
, length
, handling
);