chrome/browser/mac/keychain_reauthorize.mm

   1 // Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
   2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
   3 // found in the LICENSE file.
   4
   5 #include "chrome/browser/mac/keychain_reauthorize.h"
   6
   7 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
   8 #include <Security/Security.h>
   9
  10 #include <algorithm>
  11 #include <string>
  12 #include <vector>
  13
  14 #include "base/basictypes.h"
  15 #include "base/mac/foundation_util.h"
  16 #include "base/mac/scoped_cftyperef.h"
  17 #include "base/memory/scoped_ptr.h"
  18 #include "base/metrics/histogram.h"
  19 #include "base/strings/stringprintf.h"
  20 #include "base/strings/sys_string_conversions.h"
  21 #include "chrome/browser/mac/security_wrappers.h"
  22
  23 namespace chrome {
  24
  25 namespace {
  26
  27 // Returns the requirement string embedded within a SecTrustedApplicationRef,
  28 // or an empty string on error.
  29 std::string RequirementStringForApplication(
  30     SecTrustedApplicationRef application);
  31
  32 // Returns the set of requirement strings that ought to be reauthorized. In a
  33 // bundled application, the requirement string from |application| will also be
  34 // added to the hard-coded list. This allows an at-launch reauthorization to
  35 // re-reauthorize anything done by a previous at-update reauthorization.
  36 // Although items reauthorized during the at-update step will work properly in
  37 // every way, they contain a reference to the missing reauthorization stub
  38 // executable from the disk image in the Keychain, resulting in no icon and
  39 // a weird name like "com.google" (non-Canary) or "com.google.Chrome"
  40 // (Canary). Because reauthorization is controlled by a preference that limits
  41 // it to a single successful run at update and a single successful run at
  42 // launch, protection already exists against perpetually reauthorizing items.
  43 // This addition exists simply to make the Keychain Access UI match
  44 // expectations.
  45 std::vector<std::string> GetRequirementMatches(
  46     SecTrustedApplicationRef application);
  47
  48 // Reauthorizes an ACL by examining all of the applications it names, and upon
  49 // finding any whose requirement matches any element of requirement_matches,
  50 // replaces them with this_application. At most one instance of
  51 // this_application will be added to the ACL. Subsequent applications whose
  52 // requirement matches any element of requirement_matches will be removed from
  53 // the ACL. Only the ACL is changed, nothing is written to disk. Returns true
  54 // if any reauthorization is performed and thus acl is modified, and false
  55 // otherwise.
  56 bool ReauthorizeACL(
  57     SecACLRef acl,
  58     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
  59     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application);
  60
  61 // Reauthorizes a list of ACLs by calling ReauthorizeACL for each ACL in the
  62 // list. Only the ACL list is changed, nothing is written to disk. Returns
  63 // true if ReauthorizeTrue returns true for any ACL in acl_list, indicating
  64 // that at least one ACL in acl_list was modified and thus at least one child
  65 // child of acl_list was reauthorized.
  66 bool ReauthorizeACLList(
  67     CFArrayRef acl_list,
  68     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
  69     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application);
  70
  71 // Reauthorizes a SecKeychainItemRef by calling ReauthorizeACLList to perform
  72 // reauthorization on all ACLs that it contains. Nothing is written to disk.
  73 // If any reauthorization was performed, returns a CrSKeychainItemAndAccess
  74 // object containing the item and its access information. Otherwise, returns
  75 // NULL.
  76 CrSKeychainItemAndAccess* KCItemToKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess(
  77     SecKeychainItemRef item,
  78     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
  79     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application);
  80
  81 // Reauthorizes multiple Keychain items by calling
  82 // KCItemToKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess for each item returned by a Keychain
  83 // search. Nothing is written to disk. Reauthorized items are returned.
  84 std::vector<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess> KCSearchToKCItemsAndReauthorizedAccesses(
  85     SecKeychainSearchRef search,
  86     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
  87     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application);
  88
  89 // Given a SecKeychainAttributeList, strips out any zero-length attributes and
  90 // returns a vector containing the remaining attributes.
  91 std::vector<SecKeychainAttribute> KCAttributesWithoutZeroLength(
  92     SecKeychainAttributeList* old_attribute_list);
  93
  94 // Given a CrSKeychainItemAndAccess that has had its access field
  95 // reauthorized, places the reauthorized form into the Keychain by deleting
  96 // the old item and replacing it with a new one whose access policy matches
  97 // the reauthorized form. The new item is written to disk and becomes part of
  98 // the Keychain, replacing what had been there previously.
  99 void WriteKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess(
 100     const CrSKeychainItemAndAccess& item_and_reauthorized_access);
 101
 102 // Given a vector of CrSKeychainItemAndAccess objects, places the reauthorized
 103 // forms of all of them into the Keychain by calling
 104 // WriteKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess for each. The new items are written to
 105 // disk and become part of the Keychain, replacing what had been there
 106 // previously.
 107 void WriteKCItemsAndReauthorizedAccesses(
 108     const std::vector<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess>&
 109         items_and_reauthorized_accesses);
 110
 111 }  // namespace
 112
 113 void KeychainReauthorize() {
 114   ScopedSecKeychainSetUserInteractionAllowed user_interaction_allowed(FALSE);
 115
 116   // Apple's documentation (Keychain Services Reference, Constants/Mac OS X
 117   // Keychain Services API Constants/Keychain Item Class Constants) says to
 118   // use CSSM_DL_DB_RECORD_ALL_KEYS, but that doesn't work.
 119   // CSSM_DL_DB_RECORD_ANY (as used by SecurityTool's keychain-dump) does
 120   // work.
 121   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<SecKeychainSearchRef> search(
 122       CrSKeychainSearchCreateFromAttributes(NULL, CSSM_DL_DB_RECORD_ANY, NULL));
 123
 124   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<SecTrustedApplicationRef> this_application(
 125       CrSTrustedApplicationCreateFromPath(NULL));
 126
 127   std::vector<std::string> requirement_matches =
 128       GetRequirementMatches(this_application);
 129
 130   std::vector<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess> items_and_reauthorized_accesses =
 131       KCSearchToKCItemsAndReauthorizedAccesses(search,
 132                                                requirement_matches,
 133                                                this_application);
 134
 135   WriteKCItemsAndReauthorizedAccesses(items_and_reauthorized_accesses);
 136 }
 137
 138 void KeychainReauthorizeIfNeeded(NSString* pref_key, int max_tries) {
 139   NSUserDefaults* user_defaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
 140   int pref_value = [user_defaults integerForKey:pref_key];
 141
 142   if (pref_value < max_tries) {
 143     if (pref_value > 0) {
 144       // Logs the number of previous tries that didn't complete.
 145       if (base::mac::AmIBundled()) {
 146         UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS("OSX.KeychainReauthorizeIfNeeded", pref_value);
 147       } else {
 148         UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS("OSX.KeychainReauthorizeIfNeededAtUpdate",
 149                              pref_value);
 150       }
 151     }
 152
 153     ++pref_value;
 154     [user_defaults setInteger:pref_value forKey:pref_key];
 155     [user_defaults synchronize];
 156
 157     KeychainReauthorize();
 158
 159     [user_defaults setInteger:max_tries forKey:pref_key];
 160     NSString* success_pref_key = [pref_key stringByAppendingString:@"Success"];
 161     [user_defaults setBool:YES forKey:success_pref_key];
 162     [user_defaults synchronize];
 163
 164     // Logs the try number (1, 2) that succeeded.
 165     if (base::mac::AmIBundled()) {
 166       UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS("OSX.KeychainReauthorizeIfNeededSuccess",
 167                            pref_value);
 168     } else {
 169       UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS("OSX.KeychainReauthorizeIfNeededAtUpdateSuccess",
 170                            pref_value);
 171     }
 172   }
 173 }
 174
 175 namespace {
 176
 177 std::string RequirementStringForApplication(
 178     SecTrustedApplicationRef application) {
 179   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<SecRequirementRef> requirement(
 180       CrSTrustedApplicationCopyRequirement(application));
 181   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<CFStringRef> requirement_string_cf(
 182       CrSRequirementCopyString(requirement, kSecCSDefaultFlags));
 183   if (!requirement_string_cf) {
 184     return std::string();
 185   }
 186
 187   std::string requirement_string =
 188       base::SysCFStringRefToUTF8(requirement_string_cf);
 189
 190   return requirement_string;
 191 }
 192
 193 std::vector<std::string> GetRequirementMatches(
 194       SecTrustedApplicationRef application) {
 195   // See the designated requirement for a signed released build:
 196   // codesign -d -r- "Google Chrome.app"
 197   //
 198   // Export the certificates from a signed released build:
 199   // codesign -v --extract-certificates=/tmp/cert. "Google Chrome.app"
 200   // (The extracted leaf certificate is at /tmp/cert.0; intermediates and root
 201   // are at successive numbers.)
 202   //
 203   // Show some information about the exported certificates:
 204   // openssl x509 -inform DER -in /tmp/cert.0 -noout -text -fingerprint
 205   // (The "SHA1 Fingerprint" value printed by -fingerprint should match the
 206   // hash used in a codesign designated requirement after allowing for obvious
 207   // formatting differences.)
 208
 209   const char* const kIdentifierMatches[] = {
 210 #if defined(GOOGLE_CHROME_BUILD)
 211     "com.google.Chrome",
 212     "com.google.Chrome.canary",
 213 #else
 214     "org.chromium.Chromium",
 215 #endif
 216   };
 217
 218   const char* const kLeafCertificateHashMatches[] = {
 219     // Only official released builds of Google Chrome have ever been signed
 220     // (with a certificate that anyone knows about or cares about).
 221 #if defined(GOOGLE_CHROME_BUILD)
 222     // This is the new certificate that has not yet been used to sign Chrome,
 223     // but will be. Once used, the reauthorization code will become obsolete
 224     // until it's needed for some other purpose in the future.
 225     // Subject: UID=EQHXZ8M8AV, CN=Developer ID Application: Google Inc.,
 226     //     OU=EQHXZ8M8AV, O=Google Inc., C=US
 227     // Issuer: CN=Developer ID Certification Authority,
 228     //     OU=Apple Certification Authority, O=Apple Inc., C=US
 229     // Validity: 2012-04-26 14:10:10 UTC to 2017-04-27 14:10:10 UTC
 230     // "85cee8254216185620ddc8851c7a9fc4dfe120ef",
 231
 232     // This certificate was used on 2011-12-20 and 2011-12-21, but the "since
 233     // 2010-07-19" one below was restored afterwards as an interim fix to the
 234     // Keychain authorization problem. See http://crbug.com/108238 and
 235     // http://crbug.com/62605.
 236     // Subject: C=US, ST=California, L=Mountain View, O=Google Inc,
 237     //     OU=Digital ID Class 3 - Java Object Signing, CN=Google Inc
 238     // Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network,
 239     //     OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10,
 240     //     CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2010 CA
 241     // Validity: 2011-11-14 00:00:00 UTC to 2014-11-13 23:59:59 UTC
 242     "06c92bec3bbf32068cb9208563d004169448ee21",
 243
 244     // This certificate has been used since 2010-07-19, except for the brief
 245     // period when the certificate above was used.
 246     // Subject: C=US, ST=California, L=Mountain View, O=Google Inc,
 247     //     OU=Digital ID Class 3 - Java Object Signing, CN=Google Inc
 248     // Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network,
 249     //    OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)09,
 250     //    CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2009-2 CA
 251     // Validity: 2010-02-22 00:00:00 UTC to 2012-02-22 23:59:59 UTC
 252     "9481882581d8178db8b1649c0eaa4f9eb11288f0",
 253
 254     // This certificate was used for all public Chrome releases prior to
 255     // 2010-07-19.
 256     // Subject: C=US, ST=California, L=Mountain View, O=Google Inc,
 257     //     OU=Digital ID Class 3 - Netscape Object Signing, CN=Google Inc
 258     // Issuer: C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network,
 259     //     OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)04,
 260     //     CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2004 CA
 261     // Validity: 2007-06-19 00:00:00 UTC to 2010-06-18 23:59:59 UTC
 262     "fe5008fe0da7a2033816752d6eafe95214f5a7e1",
 263 #endif
 264   };
 265
 266   std::vector<std::string> requirement_matches;
 267   requirement_matches.reserve(arraysize(kIdentifierMatches) *
 268                               ARRAYSIZE_UNSAFE(kLeafCertificateHashMatches));
 269
 270   for (size_t identifier_index = 0;
 271        identifier_index < arraysize(kIdentifierMatches);
 272        ++identifier_index) {
 273     for (size_t leaf_certificate_hash_index = 0;
 274          leaf_certificate_hash_index <
 275              ARRAYSIZE_UNSAFE(kLeafCertificateHashMatches);
 276          ++leaf_certificate_hash_index) {
 277       requirement_matches.push_back(base::StringPrintf(
 278           "identifier \"%s\" and certificate leaf = H\"%s\"",
 279           kIdentifierMatches[identifier_index],
 280           kLeafCertificateHashMatches[leaf_certificate_hash_index]));
 281     }
 282   }
 283
 284   if (application && base::mac::AmIBundled()) {
 285     std::string application_requirement =
 286         RequirementStringForApplication(application);
 287     requirement_matches.push_back(application_requirement);
 288   }
 289
 290   return requirement_matches;
 291 }
 292
 293 std::vector<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess> KCSearchToKCItemsAndReauthorizedAccesses(
 294     SecKeychainSearchRef search,
 295     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
 296     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application) {
 297   std::vector<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess> items_and_accesses;
 298
 299   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<SecKeychainItemRef> item;
 300   while (item.reset(CrSKeychainSearchCopyNext(search)), item) {
 301     scoped_ptr<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess> item_and_access(
 302         KCItemToKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess(item,
 303                                             requirement_matches,
 304                                             this_application));
 305
 306     if (item_and_access.get()) {
 307       items_and_accesses.push_back(*item_and_access);
 308     }
 309   }
 310
 311   return items_and_accesses;
 312 }
 313
 314 CrSKeychainItemAndAccess* KCItemToKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess(
 315     SecKeychainItemRef item,
 316     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
 317     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application) {
 318   if (!CrSKeychainItemTestAccess(item)) {
 319     return NULL;
 320   }
 321
 322   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<SecAccessRef> access(CrSKeychainItemCopyAccess(item));
 323   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<CFArrayRef> acl_list(CrSAccessCopyACLList(access));
 324   if (!acl_list) {
 325     return NULL;
 326   }
 327
 328   bool acl_list_modified = ReauthorizeACLList(acl_list,
 329                                               requirement_matches,
 330                                               this_application);
 331   if (!acl_list_modified) {
 332     return NULL;
 333   }
 334
 335   return new CrSKeychainItemAndAccess(item, access);
 336 }
 337
 338 bool ReauthorizeACLList(
 339     CFArrayRef acl_list,
 340     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
 341     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application) {
 342   bool acl_list_modified = false;
 343
 344   CFIndex acl_count = CFArrayGetCount(acl_list);
 345   for (CFIndex acl_index = 0; acl_index < acl_count; ++acl_index) {
 346     SecACLRef acl = base::mac::CFCast<SecACLRef>(
 347         CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(acl_list, acl_index));
 348     if (!acl) {
 349       continue;
 350     }
 351
 352     if (ReauthorizeACL(acl, requirement_matches, this_application)) {
 353       acl_list_modified = true;
 354     }
 355   }
 356
 357   return acl_list_modified;
 358 }
 359
 360 bool ReauthorizeACL(
 361     SecACLRef acl,
 362     const std::vector<std::string>& requirement_matches,
 363     SecTrustedApplicationRef this_application) {
 364   scoped_ptr<CrSACLSimpleContents> acl_simple_contents(
 365       CrSACLCopySimpleContents(acl));
 366   if (!acl_simple_contents.get() ||
 367       !acl_simple_contents->application_list) {
 368     return false;
 369   }
 370
 371   CFMutableArrayRef application_list_mutable = NULL;
 372   bool added_this_application = false;
 373
 374   CFIndex application_count =
 375       CFArrayGetCount(acl_simple_contents->application_list);
 376   for (CFIndex application_index = 0;
 377        application_index < application_count;
 378        ++application_index) {
 379     SecTrustedApplicationRef application =
 380         base::mac::CFCast<SecTrustedApplicationRef>(
 381             CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(acl_simple_contents->application_list,
 382                                    application_index));
 383     std::string requirement_string =
 384         RequirementStringForApplication(application);
 385     if (requirement_string.empty()) {
 386       continue;
 387     }
 388
 389     if (std::find(requirement_matches.begin(),
 390                   requirement_matches.end(),
 391                   requirement_string) != requirement_matches.end()) {
 392       if (!application_list_mutable) {
 393         application_list_mutable =
 394             CFArrayCreateMutableCopy(NULL,
 395                                      application_count,
 396                                      acl_simple_contents->application_list);
 397         acl_simple_contents->application_list.reset(
 398             application_list_mutable);
 399       }
 400
 401       if (!added_this_application) {
 402         CFArraySetValueAtIndex(application_list_mutable,
 403                                application_index,
 404                                this_application);
 405         added_this_application = true;
 406       } else {
 407         // Even though it's more bookkeeping to walk a list in the forward
 408         // direction when there are removals, it's done here anyway to
 409         // keep this_application at the position of the first match.
 410         CFArrayRemoveValueAtIndex(application_list_mutable,
 411                                   application_index);
 412         --application_index;
 413         --application_count;
 414       }
 415     }
 416   }
 417
 418   if (!application_list_mutable) {
 419     return false;
 420   }
 421
 422   if (!CrSACLSetSimpleContents(acl, *acl_simple_contents.get())) {
 423     return false;
 424   }
 425
 426   return true;
 427 }
 428
 429 void WriteKCItemsAndReauthorizedAccesses(
 430     const std::vector<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess>&
 431         items_and_reauthorized_accesses) {
 432   for (std::vector<CrSKeychainItemAndAccess>::const_iterator iterator =
 433            items_and_reauthorized_accesses.begin();
 434        iterator != items_and_reauthorized_accesses.end();
 435        ++iterator) {
 436     WriteKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess(*iterator);
 437   }
 438 }
 439
 440 void WriteKCItemAndReauthorizedAccess(
 441     const CrSKeychainItemAndAccess& item_and_reauthorized_access) {
 442   SecKeychainItemRef old_item = item_and_reauthorized_access.item();
 443   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<SecKeychainRef> keychain(
 444       CrSKeychainItemCopyKeychain(old_item));
 445
 446   ScopedCrSKeychainItemAttributesAndData old_attributes_and_data(
 447       CrSKeychainItemCopyAttributesAndData(keychain, old_item));
 448   if (!old_attributes_and_data.get()) {
 449     return;
 450   }
 451
 452   // CrSKeychainItemCreateFromContent (SecKeychainItemCreateFromContent)
 453   // returns errKCNoSuchAttr (errSecNoSuchAttr) when asked to add an item of
 454   // type kSecPrivateKeyItemClass. This would happen after the original
 455   // private key was deleted, resulting in data loss. I can't figure out how
 456   // SecKeychainItemCreateFromContent wants private keys added. Skip them,
 457   // only doing the reauthorization for Keychain item types known to work,
 458   // the item types expected to be used by most users and those that are
 459   // synced. See http://crbug.com/130738 and
 460   // http://lists.apple.com/archives/apple-cdsa/2006/Jan/msg00025.html .
 461   switch (old_attributes_and_data.item_class()) {
 462     case kSecInternetPasswordItemClass:
 463     case kSecGenericPasswordItemClass:
 464       break;
 465     default:
 466       return;
 467   }
 468
 469   // SecKeychainItemCreateFromContent fails if any attribute is zero-length,
 470   // but old_attributes_and_data can contain zero-length attributes. Create
 471   // a new attribute list devoid of zero-length attributes.
 472   //
 473   // This is awkward: only the logic to build the
 474   // std::vector<SecKeychainAttribute> is in KCAttributesWithoutZeroLength
 475   // because the storage used for the new attribute list (the vector) needs to
 476   // persist through the lifetime of this function.
 477   // KCAttributesWithoutZeroLength doesn't return a
 478   // CrSKeychainItemAttributesAndData (which could be held here in a
 479   // ScopedCrSKeychainItemAttributesAndData) because it's more convenient to
 480   // build the attribute list using std::vector and point the data at the copy
 481   // in old_attributes_and_data, thus making nothing in new_attributes a
 482   // strongly-held reference.
 483   std::vector<SecKeychainAttribute> new_attributes =
 484       KCAttributesWithoutZeroLength(old_attributes_and_data.attribute_list());
 485   SecKeychainAttributeList new_attribute_list;
 486   new_attribute_list.count = new_attributes.size();
 487   new_attribute_list.attr =
 488       new_attribute_list.count ? &new_attributes[0] : NULL;
 489   CrSKeychainItemAttributesAndData new_attributes_and_data =
 490       *old_attributes_and_data.get();
 491   new_attributes_and_data.attribute_list = &new_attribute_list;
 492
 493   // Delete the item last, to give everything else above a chance to bail
 494   // out early, and to ensure that the old item is still present while it
 495   // may still be used by the above code.
 496   if (!CrSKeychainItemDelete(old_item)) {
 497     return;
 498   }
 499
 500   base::ScopedCFTypeRef<SecKeychainItemRef> new_item(
 501       CrSKeychainItemCreateFromContent(new_attributes_and_data,
 502                                        keychain,
 503                                        item_and_reauthorized_access.access()));
 504 }
 505
 506 std::vector<SecKeychainAttribute> KCAttributesWithoutZeroLength(
 507     SecKeychainAttributeList* old_attribute_list) {
 508   UInt32 old_attribute_count = old_attribute_list->count;
 509   std::vector<SecKeychainAttribute> new_attributes;
 510   new_attributes.reserve(old_attribute_count);
 511   for (UInt32 old_attribute_index = 0;
 512        old_attribute_index < old_attribute_count;
 513        ++old_attribute_index) {
 514     SecKeychainAttribute* attribute =
 515         &old_attribute_list->attr[old_attribute_index];
 516     if (attribute->length) {
 517       new_attributes.push_back(*attribute);
 518     }
 519   }
 520
 521   return new_attributes;
 522 }
 523
 524 }  // namespace
 525
 526 }  // namespace chrome