1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
5 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993 Linus Torvalds
9 * head.S contains the 32-bit startup code.
11 * NOTE!!! Startup happens at absolute address 0x00001000, which is also where
12 * the page directory will exist. The startup code will be overwritten by
13 * the page directory. [According to comments etc elsewhere on a compressed
14 * kernel it will end up at 0x1000 + 1Mb I hope so as I assume this. - AC]
16 * Page 0 is deliberately kept safe, since System Management Mode code in
17 * laptops may need to access the BIOS data stored there. This is also
18 * useful for future device drivers that either access the BIOS via VM86
23 * High loaded stuff by Hans Lermen & Werner Almesberger, Feb. 1996
28 #include <linux/init.h>
29 #include <linux/linkage.h>
30 #include <asm/segment.h>
33 #include <asm/processor-flags.h>
34 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
35 #include <asm/bootparam.h>
38 * Locally defined symbols should be marked hidden:
49 * 32bit entry is 0 and it is ABI so immutable!
50 * If we come here directly from a bootloader,
51 * kernel(text+data+bss+brk) ramdisk, zero_page, command line
52 * all need to be under the 4G limit.
56 * Test KEEP_SEGMENTS flag to see if the bootloader is asking
57 * us to not reload segments
59 testb $KEEP_SEGMENTS, BP_loadflags(%esi)
63 movl $(__BOOT_DS), %eax
70 * Calculate the delta between where we were compiled to run
71 * at and where we were actually loaded at. This can only be done
72 * with a short local call on x86. Nothing else will tell us what
73 * address we are running at. The reserved chunk of the real-mode
74 * data at 0x1e4 (defined as a scratch field) are used as the stack
75 * for this calculation. Only 4 bytes are needed.
77 leal (BP_scratch+4)(%esi), %esp
82 /* setup a stack and make sure cpu supports long mode. */
83 movl $boot_stack_end, %eax
92 * Compute the delta between where we were compiled to run at
93 * and where the code will actually run at.
95 * %ebp contains the address we are loaded at by the boot loader and %ebx
96 * contains the address where we should move the kernel image temporarily
97 * for safe in-place decompression.
100 #ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
102 movl BP_kernel_alignment(%esi), %eax
107 cmpl $LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR, %ebx
110 movl $LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR, %ebx
113 /* Target address to relocate to for decompression */
114 movl BP_init_size(%esi), %eax
119 * Prepare for entering 64 bit mode
122 /* Load new GDT with the 64bit segments using 32bit descriptor */
123 addl %ebp, gdt+2(%ebp)
126 /* Enable PAE mode */
128 orl $X86_CR4_PAE, %eax
132 * Build early 4G boot pagetable
135 * If SEV is active then set the encryption mask in the page tables.
136 * This will insure that when the kernel is copied and decompressed
137 * it will be done so encrypted.
139 call get_sev_encryption_bit
143 subl $32, %eax /* Encryption bit is always above bit 31 */
144 bts %eax, %edx /* Set encryption mask for page tables */
147 /* Initialize Page tables to 0 */
148 leal pgtable(%ebx), %edi
150 movl $(BOOT_INIT_PGT_SIZE/4), %ecx
154 leal pgtable + 0(%ebx), %edi
155 leal 0x1007 (%edi), %eax
160 leal pgtable + 0x1000(%ebx), %edi
161 leal 0x1007(%edi), %eax
163 1: movl %eax, 0x00(%edi)
164 addl %edx, 0x04(%edi)
165 addl $0x00001000, %eax
171 leal pgtable + 0x2000(%ebx), %edi
172 movl $0x00000183, %eax
174 1: movl %eax, 0(%edi)
176 addl $0x00200000, %eax
181 /* Enable the boot page tables */
182 leal pgtable(%ebx), %eax
185 /* Enable Long mode in EFER (Extended Feature Enable Register) */
188 btsl $_EFER_LME, %eax
191 /* After gdt is loaded */
194 movl $__BOOT_TSS, %eax
198 * Setup for the jump to 64bit mode
200 * When the jump is performend we will be in long mode but
201 * in 32bit compatibility mode with EFER.LME = 1, CS.L = 0, CS.D = 1
202 * (and in turn EFER.LMA = 1). To jump into 64bit mode we use
203 * the new gdt/idt that has __KERNEL_CS with CS.L = 1.
204 * We place all of the values on our mini stack so lret can
205 * used to perform that far jump.
208 leal startup_64(%ebp), %eax
209 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_MIXED
210 movl efi32_config(%ebp), %ebx
213 leal handover_entry(%ebp), %eax
218 /* Enter paged protected Mode, activating Long Mode */
219 movl $(X86_CR0_PG | X86_CR0_PE), %eax /* Enable Paging and Protected mode */
222 /* Jump from 32bit compatibility mode into 64bit mode. */
226 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_MIXED
228 ENTRY(efi32_stub_entry)
229 add $0x4, %esp /* Discard return address */
234 leal (BP_scratch+4)(%esi), %esp
239 movl %ecx, efi32_config(%ebp)
240 movl %edx, efi32_config+8(%ebp)
241 sgdtl efi32_boot_gdt(%ebp)
243 leal efi32_config(%ebp), %eax
244 movl %eax, efi_config(%ebp)
247 ENDPROC(efi32_stub_entry)
254 * 64bit entry is 0x200 and it is ABI so immutable!
255 * We come here either from startup_32 or directly from a
257 * If we come here from a bootloader, kernel(text+data+bss+brk),
258 * ramdisk, zero_page, command line could be above 4G.
259 * We depend on an identity mapped page table being provided
260 * that maps our entire kernel(text+data+bss+brk), zero page
264 /* Setup data segments. */
273 * Compute the decompressed kernel start address. It is where
274 * we were loaded at aligned to a 2M boundary. %rbp contains the
275 * decompressed kernel start address.
277 * If it is a relocatable kernel then decompress and run the kernel
278 * from load address aligned to 2MB addr, otherwise decompress and
279 * run the kernel from LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR
281 * We cannot rely on the calculation done in 32-bit mode, since we
282 * may have been invoked via the 64-bit entry point.
285 /* Start with the delta to where the kernel will run at. */
286 #ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
287 leaq startup_32(%rip) /* - $startup_32 */, %rbp
288 movl BP_kernel_alignment(%rsi), %eax
293 cmpq $LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR, %rbp
296 movq $LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR, %rbp
299 /* Target address to relocate to for decompression */
300 movl BP_init_size(%rsi), %ebx
304 /* Set up the stack */
305 leaq boot_stack_end(%rbx), %rsp
307 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL
309 * Check if we need to enable 5-level paging.
310 * RSI holds real mode data and need to be preserved across
314 call l5_paging_required
317 /* If l5_paging_required() returned zero, we're done here. */
322 * At this point we are in long mode with 4-level paging enabled,
323 * but we want to enable 5-level paging.
325 * The problem is that we cannot do it directly. Setting LA57 in
326 * long mode would trigger #GP. So we need to switch off long mode
329 * NOTE: This is not going to work if bootloader put us above 4G
332 * The first step is go into compatibility mode.
335 /* Clear additional page table */
336 leaq lvl5_pgtable(%rbx), %rdi
338 movq $(PAGE_SIZE/8), %rcx
342 * Setup current CR3 as the first and only entry in a new top level
346 leaq 0x7 (%rdi), %rax
347 movq %rax, lvl5_pgtable(%rbx)
349 /* Switch to compatibility mode (CS.L = 0 CS.D = 1) via far return */
351 leaq compatible_mode(%rip), %rax
362 * Copy the compressed kernel to the end of our buffer
363 * where decompression in place becomes safe.
366 leaq (_bss-8)(%rip), %rsi
367 leaq (_bss-8)(%rbx), %rdi
368 movq $_bss /* - $startup_32 */, %rcx
376 * Jump to the relocated address.
378 leaq relocated(%rbx), %rax
381 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
383 /* The entry point for the PE/COFF executable is efi_pe_entry. */
385 movq %rcx, efi64_config(%rip) /* Handle */
386 movq %rdx, efi64_config+8(%rip) /* EFI System table pointer */
388 leaq efi64_config(%rip), %rax
389 movq %rax, efi_config(%rip)
396 * Relocate efi_config->call().
398 addq %rbp, efi64_config+40(%rip)
401 call make_boot_params
405 leaq startup_32(%rip), %rax
406 movl %eax, BP_code32_start(%rsi)
407 jmp 2f /* Skip the relocation */
415 * Relocate efi_config->call().
417 movq efi_config(%rip), %rax
420 movq efi_config(%rip), %rdi
426 /* EFI init failed, so hang. */
430 movl BP_code32_start(%esi), %eax
431 leaq startup_64(%rax), %rax
433 ENDPROC(efi_pe_entry)
436 ENTRY(efi64_stub_entry)
437 movq %rdi, efi64_config(%rip) /* Handle */
438 movq %rsi, efi64_config+8(%rip) /* EFI System table pointer */
440 leaq efi64_config(%rip), %rax
441 movq %rax, efi_config(%rip)
445 ENDPROC(efi64_stub_entry)
452 * Clear BSS (stack is currently empty)
455 leaq _bss(%rip), %rdi
456 leaq _ebss(%rip), %rcx
464 leaq _got(%rip), %rdx
465 leaq _egot(%rip), %rcx
475 * Do the extraction, and jump to the new kernel..
477 pushq %rsi /* Save the real mode argument */
478 movq %rsi, %rdi /* real mode address */
479 leaq boot_heap(%rip), %rsi /* malloc area for uncompression */
480 leaq input_data(%rip), %rdx /* input_data */
481 movl $z_input_len, %ecx /* input_len */
482 movq %rbp, %r8 /* output target address */
483 movq $z_output_len, %r9 /* decompressed length, end of relocs */
484 call extract_kernel /* returns kernel location in %rax */
488 * Jump to the decompressed kernel.
493 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL
495 /* Setup data and stack segments */
496 movl $__KERNEL_DS, %eax
502 btrl $X86_CR0_PG_BIT, %eax
505 /* Point CR3 to 5-level paging */
506 leal lvl5_pgtable(%ebx), %eax
509 /* Enable PAE and LA57 mode */
511 orl $(X86_CR4_PAE | X86_CR4_LA57), %eax
514 /* Calculate address we are running at */
519 /* Prepare stack for far return to Long Mode */
521 leal lvl5(%edi), %eax
524 /* Enable paging back */
525 movl $(X86_CR0_PG | X86_CR0_PE), %eax
532 /* This isn't an x86-64 CPU so hang */
537 #include "../../kernel/verify_cpu.S"
544 .quad 0x00cf9a000000ffff /* __KERNEL32_CS */
545 .quad 0x00af9a000000ffff /* __KERNEL_CS */
546 .quad 0x00cf92000000ffff /* __KERNEL_DS */
547 .quad 0x0080890000000000 /* TS descriptor */
548 .quad 0x0000000000000000 /* TS continued */
551 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
555 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_MIXED
568 #endif /* CONFIG_EFI_STUB */
571 * Stack and heap for uncompression
576 .fill BOOT_HEAP_SIZE, 1, 0
578 .fill BOOT_STACK_SIZE, 1, 0
582 * Space for page tables (not in .bss so not zeroed)
584 .section ".pgtable","a",@nobits
587 .fill BOOT_PGT_SIZE, 1, 0
588 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL
590 .fill PAGE_SIZE, 1, 0