5 The V4L2 events provide a generic way to pass events to user space.
6 The driver must use :c:type:`v4l2_fh` to be able to support V4L2 events.
8 Events are subscribed per-filehandle. An event specification consists of a
9 ``type`` and is optionally associated with an object identified through the
10 ``id`` field. If unused, then the ``id`` is 0. So an event is uniquely
11 identified by the ``(type, id)`` tuple.
13 The :c:type:`v4l2_fh` struct has a list of subscribed events on its
16 When the user subscribes to an event, a :c:type:`v4l2_subscribed_event`
17 struct is added to :c:type:`v4l2_fh`\ ``.subscribed``, one for every
20 Each :c:type:`v4l2_subscribed_event` struct ends with a
21 :c:type:`v4l2_kevent` ringbuffer, with the size given by the caller
22 of :c:func:`v4l2_event_subscribe`. This ringbuffer is used to store any events
25 So every ``(type, ID)`` event tuple will have its own
26 :c:type:`v4l2_kevent` ringbuffer. This guarantees that if a driver is
27 generating lots of events of one type in a short time, then that will
28 not overwrite events of another type.
30 But if you get more events of one type than the size of the
31 :c:type:`v4l2_kevent` ringbuffer, then the oldest event will be dropped
32 and the new one added.
34 The :c:type:`v4l2_kevent` struct links into the ``available``
35 list of the :c:type:`v4l2_fh` struct so :ref:`VIDIOC_DQEVENT` will
36 know which event to dequeue first.
38 Finally, if the event subscription is associated with a particular object
39 such as a V4L2 control, then that object needs to know about that as well
40 so that an event can be raised by that object. So the ``node`` field can
41 be used to link the :c:type:`v4l2_subscribed_event` struct into a list of
46 - struct :c:type:`v4l2_fh` has two lists: one of the ``subscribed`` events,
47 and one of the ``available`` events.
49 - struct :c:type:`v4l2_subscribed_event` has a ringbuffer of raised
50 (pending) events of that particular type.
52 - If struct :c:type:`v4l2_subscribed_event` is associated with a specific
53 object, then that object will have an internal list of
54 struct :c:type:`v4l2_subscribed_event` so it knows who subscribed an
57 Furthermore, the internal struct :c:type:`v4l2_subscribed_event` has
58 ``merge()`` and ``replace()`` callbacks which drivers can set. These
59 callbacks are called when a new event is raised and there is no more room.
61 The ``replace()`` callback allows you to replace the payload of the old event
62 with that of the new event, merging any relevant data from the old payload
63 into the new payload that replaces it. It is called when this event type has
64 a ringbuffer with size is one, i.e. only one event can be stored in the
67 The ``merge()`` callback allows you to merge the oldest event payload into
68 that of the second-oldest event payload. It is called when
69 the ringbuffer has size is greater than one.
71 This way no status information is lost, just the intermediate steps leading
74 A good example of these ``replace``/``merge`` callbacks is in v4l2-event.c:
75 ``ctrls_replace()`` and ``ctrls_merge()`` callbacks for the control event.
78 these callbacks can be called from interrupt context, so they must
81 In order to queue events to video device, drivers should call:
83 :c:func:`v4l2_event_queue <v4l2_event_queue>`
84 (:c:type:`vdev <video_device>`, :c:type:`ev <v4l2_event>`)
86 The driver's only responsibility is to fill in the type and the data fields.
87 The other fields will be filled in by V4L2.
92 Subscribing to an event is via:
94 :c:func:`v4l2_event_subscribe <v4l2_event_subscribe>`
95 (:c:type:`fh <v4l2_fh>`, :c:type:`sub <v4l2_event_subscription>` ,
96 elems, :c:type:`ops <v4l2_subscribed_event_ops>`)
99 This function is used to implement :c:type:`video_device`->
100 :c:type:`ioctl_ops <v4l2_ioctl_ops>`-> ``vidioc_subscribe_event``,
101 but the driver must check first if the driver is able to produce events
102 with specified event id, and then should call
103 :c:func:`v4l2_event_subscribe` to subscribe the event.
105 The elems argument is the size of the event queue for this event. If it is 0,
106 then the framework will fill in a default value (this depends on the event
109 The ops argument allows the driver to specify a number of callbacks:
111 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.5cm}|p{16.0cm}|
113 ======== ==============================================================
115 ======== ==============================================================
116 add called when a new listener gets added (subscribing to the same
117 event twice will only cause this callback to get called once)
118 del called when a listener stops listening
119 replace replace event 'old' with event 'new'.
120 merge merge event 'old' into event 'new'.
121 ======== ==============================================================
123 All 4 callbacks are optional, if you don't want to specify any callbacks
124 the ops argument itself maybe ``NULL``.
126 Unsubscribing an event
127 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
129 Unsubscribing to an event is via:
131 :c:func:`v4l2_event_unsubscribe <v4l2_event_unsubscribe>`
132 (:c:type:`fh <v4l2_fh>`, :c:type:`sub <v4l2_event_subscription>`)
134 This function is used to implement :c:type:`video_device`->
135 :c:type:`ioctl_ops <v4l2_ioctl_ops>`-> ``vidioc_unsubscribe_event``.
136 A driver may call :c:func:`v4l2_event_unsubscribe` directly unless it
137 wants to be involved in unsubscription process.
139 The special type ``V4L2_EVENT_ALL`` may be used to unsubscribe all events. The
140 drivers may want to handle this in a special way.
142 Check if there's a pending event
143 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
145 Checking if there's a pending event is via:
147 :c:func:`v4l2_event_pending <v4l2_event_pending>`
148 (:c:type:`fh <v4l2_fh>`)
151 This function returns the number of pending events. Useful when implementing
157 Events are delivered to user space through the poll system call. The driver
158 can use :c:type:`v4l2_fh`->wait (a wait_queue_head_t) as the argument for
161 There are standard and private events. New standard events must use the
162 smallest available event type. The drivers must allocate their events from
163 their own class starting from class base. Class base is
164 ``V4L2_EVENT_PRIVATE_START`` + n * 1000 where n is the lowest available number.
165 The first event type in the class is reserved for future use, so the first
166 available event type is 'class base + 1'.
168 An example on how the V4L2 events may be used can be found in the OMAP
169 3 ISP driver (``drivers/media/platform/omap3isp``).
171 A subdev can directly send an event to the :c:type:`v4l2_device` notify
172 function with ``V4L2_DEVICE_NOTIFY_EVENT``. This allows the bridge to map
173 the subdev that sends the event to the video node(s) associated with the
174 subdev that need to be informed about such an event.
176 V4L2 event functions and data structures
177 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
179 .. kernel-doc:: include/media/v4l2-event.h