Merge tag 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mst/vhost
[cris-mirror.git] / arch / x86 / net / bpf_jit_comp.c
blob45e4eb5bcbb2ab4894b12d6a948b19eb25250af4
1 /* bpf_jit_comp.c : BPF JIT compiler
3 * Copyright (C) 2011-2013 Eric Dumazet (eric.dumazet@gmail.com)
4 * Internal BPF Copyright (c) 2011-2014 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
8 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2
9 * of the License.
11 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
12 #include <linux/filter.h>
13 #include <linux/if_vlan.h>
14 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
15 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
16 #include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
17 #include <linux/bpf.h>
20 * assembly code in arch/x86/net/bpf_jit.S
22 extern u8 sk_load_word[], sk_load_half[], sk_load_byte[];
23 extern u8 sk_load_word_positive_offset[], sk_load_half_positive_offset[];
24 extern u8 sk_load_byte_positive_offset[];
25 extern u8 sk_load_word_negative_offset[], sk_load_half_negative_offset[];
26 extern u8 sk_load_byte_negative_offset[];
28 static u8 *emit_code(u8 *ptr, u32 bytes, unsigned int len)
30 if (len == 1)
31 *ptr = bytes;
32 else if (len == 2)
33 *(u16 *)ptr = bytes;
34 else {
35 *(u32 *)ptr = bytes;
36 barrier();
38 return ptr + len;
41 #define EMIT(bytes, len) \
42 do { prog = emit_code(prog, bytes, len); cnt += len; } while (0)
44 #define EMIT1(b1) EMIT(b1, 1)
45 #define EMIT2(b1, b2) EMIT((b1) + ((b2) << 8), 2)
46 #define EMIT3(b1, b2, b3) EMIT((b1) + ((b2) << 8) + ((b3) << 16), 3)
47 #define EMIT4(b1, b2, b3, b4) EMIT((b1) + ((b2) << 8) + ((b3) << 16) + ((b4) << 24), 4)
48 #define EMIT1_off32(b1, off) \
49 do {EMIT1(b1); EMIT(off, 4); } while (0)
50 #define EMIT2_off32(b1, b2, off) \
51 do {EMIT2(b1, b2); EMIT(off, 4); } while (0)
52 #define EMIT3_off32(b1, b2, b3, off) \
53 do {EMIT3(b1, b2, b3); EMIT(off, 4); } while (0)
54 #define EMIT4_off32(b1, b2, b3, b4, off) \
55 do {EMIT4(b1, b2, b3, b4); EMIT(off, 4); } while (0)
57 static bool is_imm8(int value)
59 return value <= 127 && value >= -128;
62 static bool is_simm32(s64 value)
64 return value == (s64) (s32) value;
67 /* mov dst, src */
68 #define EMIT_mov(DST, SRC) \
69 do {if (DST != SRC) \
70 EMIT3(add_2mod(0x48, DST, SRC), 0x89, add_2reg(0xC0, DST, SRC)); \
71 } while (0)
73 static int bpf_size_to_x86_bytes(int bpf_size)
75 if (bpf_size == BPF_W)
76 return 4;
77 else if (bpf_size == BPF_H)
78 return 2;
79 else if (bpf_size == BPF_B)
80 return 1;
81 else if (bpf_size == BPF_DW)
82 return 4; /* imm32 */
83 else
84 return 0;
87 /* list of x86 cond jumps opcodes (. + s8)
88 * Add 0x10 (and an extra 0x0f) to generate far jumps (. + s32)
90 #define X86_JB 0x72
91 #define X86_JAE 0x73
92 #define X86_JE 0x74
93 #define X86_JNE 0x75
94 #define X86_JBE 0x76
95 #define X86_JA 0x77
96 #define X86_JL 0x7C
97 #define X86_JGE 0x7D
98 #define X86_JLE 0x7E
99 #define X86_JG 0x7F
101 static void bpf_flush_icache(void *start, void *end)
103 mm_segment_t old_fs = get_fs();
105 set_fs(KERNEL_DS);
106 smp_wmb();
107 flush_icache_range((unsigned long)start, (unsigned long)end);
108 set_fs(old_fs);
111 #define CHOOSE_LOAD_FUNC(K, func) \
112 ((int)K < 0 ? ((int)K >= SKF_LL_OFF ? func##_negative_offset : func) : func##_positive_offset)
114 /* pick a register outside of BPF range for JIT internal work */
115 #define AUX_REG (MAX_BPF_JIT_REG + 1)
117 /* The following table maps BPF registers to x64 registers.
119 * x64 register r12 is unused, since if used as base address
120 * register in load/store instructions, it always needs an
121 * extra byte of encoding and is callee saved.
123 * r9 caches skb->len - skb->data_len
124 * r10 caches skb->data, and used for blinding (if enabled)
126 static const int reg2hex[] = {
127 [BPF_REG_0] = 0, /* rax */
128 [BPF_REG_1] = 7, /* rdi */
129 [BPF_REG_2] = 6, /* rsi */
130 [BPF_REG_3] = 2, /* rdx */
131 [BPF_REG_4] = 1, /* rcx */
132 [BPF_REG_5] = 0, /* r8 */
133 [BPF_REG_6] = 3, /* rbx callee saved */
134 [BPF_REG_7] = 5, /* r13 callee saved */
135 [BPF_REG_8] = 6, /* r14 callee saved */
136 [BPF_REG_9] = 7, /* r15 callee saved */
137 [BPF_REG_FP] = 5, /* rbp readonly */
138 [BPF_REG_AX] = 2, /* r10 temp register */
139 [AUX_REG] = 3, /* r11 temp register */
142 /* is_ereg() == true if BPF register 'reg' maps to x64 r8..r15
143 * which need extra byte of encoding.
144 * rax,rcx,...,rbp have simpler encoding
146 static bool is_ereg(u32 reg)
148 return (1 << reg) & (BIT(BPF_REG_5) |
149 BIT(AUX_REG) |
150 BIT(BPF_REG_7) |
151 BIT(BPF_REG_8) |
152 BIT(BPF_REG_9) |
153 BIT(BPF_REG_AX));
156 static bool is_axreg(u32 reg)
158 return reg == BPF_REG_0;
161 /* add modifiers if 'reg' maps to x64 registers r8..r15 */
162 static u8 add_1mod(u8 byte, u32 reg)
164 if (is_ereg(reg))
165 byte |= 1;
166 return byte;
169 static u8 add_2mod(u8 byte, u32 r1, u32 r2)
171 if (is_ereg(r1))
172 byte |= 1;
173 if (is_ereg(r2))
174 byte |= 4;
175 return byte;
178 /* encode 'dst_reg' register into x64 opcode 'byte' */
179 static u8 add_1reg(u8 byte, u32 dst_reg)
181 return byte + reg2hex[dst_reg];
184 /* encode 'dst_reg' and 'src_reg' registers into x64 opcode 'byte' */
185 static u8 add_2reg(u8 byte, u32 dst_reg, u32 src_reg)
187 return byte + reg2hex[dst_reg] + (reg2hex[src_reg] << 3);
190 static void jit_fill_hole(void *area, unsigned int size)
192 /* fill whole space with int3 instructions */
193 memset(area, 0xcc, size);
196 struct jit_context {
197 int cleanup_addr; /* epilogue code offset */
198 bool seen_ld_abs;
199 bool seen_ax_reg;
202 /* maximum number of bytes emitted while JITing one eBPF insn */
203 #define BPF_MAX_INSN_SIZE 128
204 #define BPF_INSN_SAFETY 64
206 #define AUX_STACK_SPACE \
207 (32 /* space for rbx, r13, r14, r15 */ + \
208 8 /* space for skb_copy_bits() buffer */)
210 #define PROLOGUE_SIZE 37
212 /* emit x64 prologue code for BPF program and check it's size.
213 * bpf_tail_call helper will skip it while jumping into another program
215 static void emit_prologue(u8 **pprog, u32 stack_depth)
217 u8 *prog = *pprog;
218 int cnt = 0;
220 EMIT1(0x55); /* push rbp */
221 EMIT3(0x48, 0x89, 0xE5); /* mov rbp,rsp */
223 /* sub rsp, rounded_stack_depth + AUX_STACK_SPACE */
224 EMIT3_off32(0x48, 0x81, 0xEC,
225 round_up(stack_depth, 8) + AUX_STACK_SPACE);
227 /* sub rbp, AUX_STACK_SPACE */
228 EMIT4(0x48, 0x83, 0xED, AUX_STACK_SPACE);
230 /* all classic BPF filters use R6(rbx) save it */
232 /* mov qword ptr [rbp+0],rbx */
233 EMIT4(0x48, 0x89, 0x5D, 0);
235 /* bpf_convert_filter() maps classic BPF register X to R7 and uses R8
236 * as temporary, so all tcpdump filters need to spill/fill R7(r13) and
237 * R8(r14). R9(r15) spill could be made conditional, but there is only
238 * one 'bpf_error' return path out of helper functions inside bpf_jit.S
239 * The overhead of extra spill is negligible for any filter other
240 * than synthetic ones. Therefore not worth adding complexity.
243 /* mov qword ptr [rbp+8],r13 */
244 EMIT4(0x4C, 0x89, 0x6D, 8);
245 /* mov qword ptr [rbp+16],r14 */
246 EMIT4(0x4C, 0x89, 0x75, 16);
247 /* mov qword ptr [rbp+24],r15 */
248 EMIT4(0x4C, 0x89, 0x7D, 24);
250 /* Clear the tail call counter (tail_call_cnt): for eBPF tail calls
251 * we need to reset the counter to 0. It's done in two instructions,
252 * resetting rax register to 0 (xor on eax gets 0 extended), and
253 * moving it to the counter location.
256 /* xor eax, eax */
257 EMIT2(0x31, 0xc0);
258 /* mov qword ptr [rbp+32], rax */
259 EMIT4(0x48, 0x89, 0x45, 32);
261 BUILD_BUG_ON(cnt != PROLOGUE_SIZE);
262 *pprog = prog;
265 /* generate the following code:
266 * ... bpf_tail_call(void *ctx, struct bpf_array *array, u64 index) ...
267 * if (index >= array->map.max_entries)
268 * goto out;
269 * if (++tail_call_cnt > MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT)
270 * goto out;
271 * prog = array->ptrs[index];
272 * if (prog == NULL)
273 * goto out;
274 * goto *(prog->bpf_func + prologue_size);
275 * out:
277 static void emit_bpf_tail_call(u8 **pprog)
279 u8 *prog = *pprog;
280 int label1, label2, label3;
281 int cnt = 0;
283 /* rdi - pointer to ctx
284 * rsi - pointer to bpf_array
285 * rdx - index in bpf_array
288 /* if (index >= array->map.max_entries)
289 * goto out;
291 EMIT2(0x89, 0xD2); /* mov edx, edx */
292 EMIT3(0x39, 0x56, /* cmp dword ptr [rsi + 16], edx */
293 offsetof(struct bpf_array, map.max_entries));
294 #define OFFSET1 (41 + RETPOLINE_RAX_BPF_JIT_SIZE) /* number of bytes to jump */
295 EMIT2(X86_JBE, OFFSET1); /* jbe out */
296 label1 = cnt;
298 /* if (tail_call_cnt > MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT)
299 * goto out;
301 EMIT2_off32(0x8B, 0x85, 36); /* mov eax, dword ptr [rbp + 36] */
302 EMIT3(0x83, 0xF8, MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT); /* cmp eax, MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT */
303 #define OFFSET2 (30 + RETPOLINE_RAX_BPF_JIT_SIZE)
304 EMIT2(X86_JA, OFFSET2); /* ja out */
305 label2 = cnt;
306 EMIT3(0x83, 0xC0, 0x01); /* add eax, 1 */
307 EMIT2_off32(0x89, 0x85, 36); /* mov dword ptr [rbp + 36], eax */
309 /* prog = array->ptrs[index]; */
310 EMIT4_off32(0x48, 0x8B, 0x84, 0xD6, /* mov rax, [rsi + rdx * 8 + offsetof(...)] */
311 offsetof(struct bpf_array, ptrs));
313 /* if (prog == NULL)
314 * goto out;
316 EMIT3(0x48, 0x85, 0xC0); /* test rax,rax */
317 #define OFFSET3 (8 + RETPOLINE_RAX_BPF_JIT_SIZE)
318 EMIT2(X86_JE, OFFSET3); /* je out */
319 label3 = cnt;
321 /* goto *(prog->bpf_func + prologue_size); */
322 EMIT4(0x48, 0x8B, 0x40, /* mov rax, qword ptr [rax + 32] */
323 offsetof(struct bpf_prog, bpf_func));
324 EMIT4(0x48, 0x83, 0xC0, PROLOGUE_SIZE); /* add rax, prologue_size */
326 /* now we're ready to jump into next BPF program
327 * rdi == ctx (1st arg)
328 * rax == prog->bpf_func + prologue_size
330 RETPOLINE_RAX_BPF_JIT();
332 /* out: */
333 BUILD_BUG_ON(cnt - label1 != OFFSET1);
334 BUILD_BUG_ON(cnt - label2 != OFFSET2);
335 BUILD_BUG_ON(cnt - label3 != OFFSET3);
336 *pprog = prog;
340 static void emit_load_skb_data_hlen(u8 **pprog)
342 u8 *prog = *pprog;
343 int cnt = 0;
345 /* r9d = skb->len - skb->data_len (headlen)
346 * r10 = skb->data
348 /* mov %r9d, off32(%rdi) */
349 EMIT3_off32(0x44, 0x8b, 0x8f, offsetof(struct sk_buff, len));
351 /* sub %r9d, off32(%rdi) */
352 EMIT3_off32(0x44, 0x2b, 0x8f, offsetof(struct sk_buff, data_len));
354 /* mov %r10, off32(%rdi) */
355 EMIT3_off32(0x4c, 0x8b, 0x97, offsetof(struct sk_buff, data));
356 *pprog = prog;
359 static int do_jit(struct bpf_prog *bpf_prog, int *addrs, u8 *image,
360 int oldproglen, struct jit_context *ctx)
362 struct bpf_insn *insn = bpf_prog->insnsi;
363 int insn_cnt = bpf_prog->len;
364 bool seen_ld_abs = ctx->seen_ld_abs | (oldproglen == 0);
365 bool seen_ax_reg = ctx->seen_ax_reg | (oldproglen == 0);
366 bool seen_exit = false;
367 u8 temp[BPF_MAX_INSN_SIZE + BPF_INSN_SAFETY];
368 int i, cnt = 0;
369 int proglen = 0;
370 u8 *prog = temp;
372 emit_prologue(&prog, bpf_prog->aux->stack_depth);
374 if (seen_ld_abs)
375 emit_load_skb_data_hlen(&prog);
377 for (i = 0; i < insn_cnt; i++, insn++) {
378 const s32 imm32 = insn->imm;
379 u32 dst_reg = insn->dst_reg;
380 u32 src_reg = insn->src_reg;
381 u8 b1 = 0, b2 = 0, b3 = 0;
382 s64 jmp_offset;
383 u8 jmp_cond;
384 bool reload_skb_data;
385 int ilen;
386 u8 *func;
388 if (dst_reg == BPF_REG_AX || src_reg == BPF_REG_AX)
389 ctx->seen_ax_reg = seen_ax_reg = true;
391 switch (insn->code) {
392 /* ALU */
393 case BPF_ALU | BPF_ADD | BPF_X:
394 case BPF_ALU | BPF_SUB | BPF_X:
395 case BPF_ALU | BPF_AND | BPF_X:
396 case BPF_ALU | BPF_OR | BPF_X:
397 case BPF_ALU | BPF_XOR | BPF_X:
398 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_ADD | BPF_X:
399 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_SUB | BPF_X:
400 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_AND | BPF_X:
401 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_OR | BPF_X:
402 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_XOR | BPF_X:
403 switch (BPF_OP(insn->code)) {
404 case BPF_ADD: b2 = 0x01; break;
405 case BPF_SUB: b2 = 0x29; break;
406 case BPF_AND: b2 = 0x21; break;
407 case BPF_OR: b2 = 0x09; break;
408 case BPF_XOR: b2 = 0x31; break;
410 if (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64)
411 EMIT1(add_2mod(0x48, dst_reg, src_reg));
412 else if (is_ereg(dst_reg) || is_ereg(src_reg))
413 EMIT1(add_2mod(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg));
414 EMIT2(b2, add_2reg(0xC0, dst_reg, src_reg));
415 break;
417 /* mov dst, src */
418 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_MOV | BPF_X:
419 EMIT_mov(dst_reg, src_reg);
420 break;
422 /* mov32 dst, src */
423 case BPF_ALU | BPF_MOV | BPF_X:
424 if (is_ereg(dst_reg) || is_ereg(src_reg))
425 EMIT1(add_2mod(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg));
426 EMIT2(0x89, add_2reg(0xC0, dst_reg, src_reg));
427 break;
429 /* neg dst */
430 case BPF_ALU | BPF_NEG:
431 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_NEG:
432 if (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64)
433 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg));
434 else if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
435 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x40, dst_reg));
436 EMIT2(0xF7, add_1reg(0xD8, dst_reg));
437 break;
439 case BPF_ALU | BPF_ADD | BPF_K:
440 case BPF_ALU | BPF_SUB | BPF_K:
441 case BPF_ALU | BPF_AND | BPF_K:
442 case BPF_ALU | BPF_OR | BPF_K:
443 case BPF_ALU | BPF_XOR | BPF_K:
444 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_ADD | BPF_K:
445 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_SUB | BPF_K:
446 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_AND | BPF_K:
447 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_OR | BPF_K:
448 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_XOR | BPF_K:
449 if (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64)
450 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg));
451 else if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
452 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x40, dst_reg));
454 /* b3 holds 'normal' opcode, b2 short form only valid
455 * in case dst is eax/rax.
457 switch (BPF_OP(insn->code)) {
458 case BPF_ADD:
459 b3 = 0xC0;
460 b2 = 0x05;
461 break;
462 case BPF_SUB:
463 b3 = 0xE8;
464 b2 = 0x2D;
465 break;
466 case BPF_AND:
467 b3 = 0xE0;
468 b2 = 0x25;
469 break;
470 case BPF_OR:
471 b3 = 0xC8;
472 b2 = 0x0D;
473 break;
474 case BPF_XOR:
475 b3 = 0xF0;
476 b2 = 0x35;
477 break;
480 if (is_imm8(imm32))
481 EMIT3(0x83, add_1reg(b3, dst_reg), imm32);
482 else if (is_axreg(dst_reg))
483 EMIT1_off32(b2, imm32);
484 else
485 EMIT2_off32(0x81, add_1reg(b3, dst_reg), imm32);
486 break;
488 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_MOV | BPF_K:
489 /* optimization: if imm32 is positive,
490 * use 'mov eax, imm32' (which zero-extends imm32)
491 * to save 2 bytes
493 if (imm32 < 0) {
494 /* 'mov rax, imm32' sign extends imm32 */
495 b1 = add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg);
496 b2 = 0xC7;
497 b3 = 0xC0;
498 EMIT3_off32(b1, b2, add_1reg(b3, dst_reg), imm32);
499 break;
502 case BPF_ALU | BPF_MOV | BPF_K:
503 /* optimization: if imm32 is zero, use 'xor <dst>,<dst>'
504 * to save 3 bytes.
506 if (imm32 == 0) {
507 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
508 EMIT1(add_2mod(0x40, dst_reg, dst_reg));
509 b2 = 0x31; /* xor */
510 b3 = 0xC0;
511 EMIT2(b2, add_2reg(b3, dst_reg, dst_reg));
512 break;
515 /* mov %eax, imm32 */
516 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
517 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x40, dst_reg));
518 EMIT1_off32(add_1reg(0xB8, dst_reg), imm32);
519 break;
521 case BPF_LD | BPF_IMM | BPF_DW:
522 /* optimization: if imm64 is zero, use 'xor <dst>,<dst>'
523 * to save 7 bytes.
525 if (insn[0].imm == 0 && insn[1].imm == 0) {
526 b1 = add_2mod(0x48, dst_reg, dst_reg);
527 b2 = 0x31; /* xor */
528 b3 = 0xC0;
529 EMIT3(b1, b2, add_2reg(b3, dst_reg, dst_reg));
531 insn++;
532 i++;
533 break;
536 /* movabsq %rax, imm64 */
537 EMIT2(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg), add_1reg(0xB8, dst_reg));
538 EMIT(insn[0].imm, 4);
539 EMIT(insn[1].imm, 4);
541 insn++;
542 i++;
543 break;
545 /* dst %= src, dst /= src, dst %= imm32, dst /= imm32 */
546 case BPF_ALU | BPF_MOD | BPF_X:
547 case BPF_ALU | BPF_DIV | BPF_X:
548 case BPF_ALU | BPF_MOD | BPF_K:
549 case BPF_ALU | BPF_DIV | BPF_K:
550 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_MOD | BPF_X:
551 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_DIV | BPF_X:
552 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_MOD | BPF_K:
553 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_DIV | BPF_K:
554 EMIT1(0x50); /* push rax */
555 EMIT1(0x52); /* push rdx */
557 if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) == BPF_X)
558 /* mov r11, src_reg */
559 EMIT_mov(AUX_REG, src_reg);
560 else
561 /* mov r11, imm32 */
562 EMIT3_off32(0x49, 0xC7, 0xC3, imm32);
564 /* mov rax, dst_reg */
565 EMIT_mov(BPF_REG_0, dst_reg);
567 /* xor edx, edx
568 * equivalent to 'xor rdx, rdx', but one byte less
570 EMIT2(0x31, 0xd2);
572 if (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64)
573 /* div r11 */
574 EMIT3(0x49, 0xF7, 0xF3);
575 else
576 /* div r11d */
577 EMIT3(0x41, 0xF7, 0xF3);
579 if (BPF_OP(insn->code) == BPF_MOD)
580 /* mov r11, rdx */
581 EMIT3(0x49, 0x89, 0xD3);
582 else
583 /* mov r11, rax */
584 EMIT3(0x49, 0x89, 0xC3);
586 EMIT1(0x5A); /* pop rdx */
587 EMIT1(0x58); /* pop rax */
589 /* mov dst_reg, r11 */
590 EMIT_mov(dst_reg, AUX_REG);
591 break;
593 case BPF_ALU | BPF_MUL | BPF_K:
594 case BPF_ALU | BPF_MUL | BPF_X:
595 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_MUL | BPF_K:
596 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_MUL | BPF_X:
597 EMIT1(0x50); /* push rax */
598 EMIT1(0x52); /* push rdx */
600 /* mov r11, dst_reg */
601 EMIT_mov(AUX_REG, dst_reg);
603 if (BPF_SRC(insn->code) == BPF_X)
604 /* mov rax, src_reg */
605 EMIT_mov(BPF_REG_0, src_reg);
606 else
607 /* mov rax, imm32 */
608 EMIT3_off32(0x48, 0xC7, 0xC0, imm32);
610 if (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64)
611 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x48, AUX_REG));
612 else if (is_ereg(AUX_REG))
613 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x40, AUX_REG));
614 /* mul(q) r11 */
615 EMIT2(0xF7, add_1reg(0xE0, AUX_REG));
617 /* mov r11, rax */
618 EMIT_mov(AUX_REG, BPF_REG_0);
620 EMIT1(0x5A); /* pop rdx */
621 EMIT1(0x58); /* pop rax */
623 /* mov dst_reg, r11 */
624 EMIT_mov(dst_reg, AUX_REG);
625 break;
627 /* shifts */
628 case BPF_ALU | BPF_LSH | BPF_K:
629 case BPF_ALU | BPF_RSH | BPF_K:
630 case BPF_ALU | BPF_ARSH | BPF_K:
631 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_LSH | BPF_K:
632 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_RSH | BPF_K:
633 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_ARSH | BPF_K:
634 if (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64)
635 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg));
636 else if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
637 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x40, dst_reg));
639 switch (BPF_OP(insn->code)) {
640 case BPF_LSH: b3 = 0xE0; break;
641 case BPF_RSH: b3 = 0xE8; break;
642 case BPF_ARSH: b3 = 0xF8; break;
644 EMIT3(0xC1, add_1reg(b3, dst_reg), imm32);
645 break;
647 case BPF_ALU | BPF_LSH | BPF_X:
648 case BPF_ALU | BPF_RSH | BPF_X:
649 case BPF_ALU | BPF_ARSH | BPF_X:
650 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_LSH | BPF_X:
651 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_RSH | BPF_X:
652 case BPF_ALU64 | BPF_ARSH | BPF_X:
654 /* check for bad case when dst_reg == rcx */
655 if (dst_reg == BPF_REG_4) {
656 /* mov r11, dst_reg */
657 EMIT_mov(AUX_REG, dst_reg);
658 dst_reg = AUX_REG;
661 if (src_reg != BPF_REG_4) { /* common case */
662 EMIT1(0x51); /* push rcx */
664 /* mov rcx, src_reg */
665 EMIT_mov(BPF_REG_4, src_reg);
668 /* shl %rax, %cl | shr %rax, %cl | sar %rax, %cl */
669 if (BPF_CLASS(insn->code) == BPF_ALU64)
670 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg));
671 else if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
672 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x40, dst_reg));
674 switch (BPF_OP(insn->code)) {
675 case BPF_LSH: b3 = 0xE0; break;
676 case BPF_RSH: b3 = 0xE8; break;
677 case BPF_ARSH: b3 = 0xF8; break;
679 EMIT2(0xD3, add_1reg(b3, dst_reg));
681 if (src_reg != BPF_REG_4)
682 EMIT1(0x59); /* pop rcx */
684 if (insn->dst_reg == BPF_REG_4)
685 /* mov dst_reg, r11 */
686 EMIT_mov(insn->dst_reg, AUX_REG);
687 break;
689 case BPF_ALU | BPF_END | BPF_FROM_BE:
690 switch (imm32) {
691 case 16:
692 /* emit 'ror %ax, 8' to swap lower 2 bytes */
693 EMIT1(0x66);
694 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
695 EMIT1(0x41);
696 EMIT3(0xC1, add_1reg(0xC8, dst_reg), 8);
698 /* emit 'movzwl eax, ax' */
699 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
700 EMIT3(0x45, 0x0F, 0xB7);
701 else
702 EMIT2(0x0F, 0xB7);
703 EMIT1(add_2reg(0xC0, dst_reg, dst_reg));
704 break;
705 case 32:
706 /* emit 'bswap eax' to swap lower 4 bytes */
707 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
708 EMIT2(0x41, 0x0F);
709 else
710 EMIT1(0x0F);
711 EMIT1(add_1reg(0xC8, dst_reg));
712 break;
713 case 64:
714 /* emit 'bswap rax' to swap 8 bytes */
715 EMIT3(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg), 0x0F,
716 add_1reg(0xC8, dst_reg));
717 break;
719 break;
721 case BPF_ALU | BPF_END | BPF_FROM_LE:
722 switch (imm32) {
723 case 16:
724 /* emit 'movzwl eax, ax' to zero extend 16-bit
725 * into 64 bit
727 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
728 EMIT3(0x45, 0x0F, 0xB7);
729 else
730 EMIT2(0x0F, 0xB7);
731 EMIT1(add_2reg(0xC0, dst_reg, dst_reg));
732 break;
733 case 32:
734 /* emit 'mov eax, eax' to clear upper 32-bits */
735 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
736 EMIT1(0x45);
737 EMIT2(0x89, add_2reg(0xC0, dst_reg, dst_reg));
738 break;
739 case 64:
740 /* nop */
741 break;
743 break;
745 /* ST: *(u8*)(dst_reg + off) = imm */
746 case BPF_ST | BPF_MEM | BPF_B:
747 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
748 EMIT2(0x41, 0xC6);
749 else
750 EMIT1(0xC6);
751 goto st;
752 case BPF_ST | BPF_MEM | BPF_H:
753 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
754 EMIT3(0x66, 0x41, 0xC7);
755 else
756 EMIT2(0x66, 0xC7);
757 goto st;
758 case BPF_ST | BPF_MEM | BPF_W:
759 if (is_ereg(dst_reg))
760 EMIT2(0x41, 0xC7);
761 else
762 EMIT1(0xC7);
763 goto st;
764 case BPF_ST | BPF_MEM | BPF_DW:
765 EMIT2(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg), 0xC7);
767 st: if (is_imm8(insn->off))
768 EMIT2(add_1reg(0x40, dst_reg), insn->off);
769 else
770 EMIT1_off32(add_1reg(0x80, dst_reg), insn->off);
772 EMIT(imm32, bpf_size_to_x86_bytes(BPF_SIZE(insn->code)));
773 break;
775 /* STX: *(u8*)(dst_reg + off) = src_reg */
776 case BPF_STX | BPF_MEM | BPF_B:
777 /* emit 'mov byte ptr [rax + off], al' */
778 if (is_ereg(dst_reg) || is_ereg(src_reg) ||
779 /* have to add extra byte for x86 SIL, DIL regs */
780 src_reg == BPF_REG_1 || src_reg == BPF_REG_2)
781 EMIT2(add_2mod(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x88);
782 else
783 EMIT1(0x88);
784 goto stx;
785 case BPF_STX | BPF_MEM | BPF_H:
786 if (is_ereg(dst_reg) || is_ereg(src_reg))
787 EMIT3(0x66, add_2mod(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x89);
788 else
789 EMIT2(0x66, 0x89);
790 goto stx;
791 case BPF_STX | BPF_MEM | BPF_W:
792 if (is_ereg(dst_reg) || is_ereg(src_reg))
793 EMIT2(add_2mod(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x89);
794 else
795 EMIT1(0x89);
796 goto stx;
797 case BPF_STX | BPF_MEM | BPF_DW:
798 EMIT2(add_2mod(0x48, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x89);
799 stx: if (is_imm8(insn->off))
800 EMIT2(add_2reg(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg), insn->off);
801 else
802 EMIT1_off32(add_2reg(0x80, dst_reg, src_reg),
803 insn->off);
804 break;
806 /* LDX: dst_reg = *(u8*)(src_reg + off) */
807 case BPF_LDX | BPF_MEM | BPF_B:
808 /* emit 'movzx rax, byte ptr [rax + off]' */
809 EMIT3(add_2mod(0x48, src_reg, dst_reg), 0x0F, 0xB6);
810 goto ldx;
811 case BPF_LDX | BPF_MEM | BPF_H:
812 /* emit 'movzx rax, word ptr [rax + off]' */
813 EMIT3(add_2mod(0x48, src_reg, dst_reg), 0x0F, 0xB7);
814 goto ldx;
815 case BPF_LDX | BPF_MEM | BPF_W:
816 /* emit 'mov eax, dword ptr [rax+0x14]' */
817 if (is_ereg(dst_reg) || is_ereg(src_reg))
818 EMIT2(add_2mod(0x40, src_reg, dst_reg), 0x8B);
819 else
820 EMIT1(0x8B);
821 goto ldx;
822 case BPF_LDX | BPF_MEM | BPF_DW:
823 /* emit 'mov rax, qword ptr [rax+0x14]' */
824 EMIT2(add_2mod(0x48, src_reg, dst_reg), 0x8B);
825 ldx: /* if insn->off == 0 we can save one extra byte, but
826 * special case of x86 r13 which always needs an offset
827 * is not worth the hassle
829 if (is_imm8(insn->off))
830 EMIT2(add_2reg(0x40, src_reg, dst_reg), insn->off);
831 else
832 EMIT1_off32(add_2reg(0x80, src_reg, dst_reg),
833 insn->off);
834 break;
836 /* STX XADD: lock *(u32*)(dst_reg + off) += src_reg */
837 case BPF_STX | BPF_XADD | BPF_W:
838 /* emit 'lock add dword ptr [rax + off], eax' */
839 if (is_ereg(dst_reg) || is_ereg(src_reg))
840 EMIT3(0xF0, add_2mod(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x01);
841 else
842 EMIT2(0xF0, 0x01);
843 goto xadd;
844 case BPF_STX | BPF_XADD | BPF_DW:
845 EMIT3(0xF0, add_2mod(0x48, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x01);
846 xadd: if (is_imm8(insn->off))
847 EMIT2(add_2reg(0x40, dst_reg, src_reg), insn->off);
848 else
849 EMIT1_off32(add_2reg(0x80, dst_reg, src_reg),
850 insn->off);
851 break;
853 /* call */
854 case BPF_JMP | BPF_CALL:
855 func = (u8 *) __bpf_call_base + imm32;
856 jmp_offset = func - (image + addrs[i]);
857 if (seen_ld_abs) {
858 reload_skb_data = bpf_helper_changes_pkt_data(func);
859 if (reload_skb_data) {
860 EMIT1(0x57); /* push %rdi */
861 jmp_offset += 22; /* pop, mov, sub, mov */
862 } else {
863 EMIT2(0x41, 0x52); /* push %r10 */
864 EMIT2(0x41, 0x51); /* push %r9 */
865 /* need to adjust jmp offset, since
866 * pop %r9, pop %r10 take 4 bytes after call insn
868 jmp_offset += 4;
871 if (!imm32 || !is_simm32(jmp_offset)) {
872 pr_err("unsupported bpf func %d addr %p image %p\n",
873 imm32, func, image);
874 return -EINVAL;
876 EMIT1_off32(0xE8, jmp_offset);
877 if (seen_ld_abs) {
878 if (reload_skb_data) {
879 EMIT1(0x5F); /* pop %rdi */
880 emit_load_skb_data_hlen(&prog);
881 } else {
882 EMIT2(0x41, 0x59); /* pop %r9 */
883 EMIT2(0x41, 0x5A); /* pop %r10 */
886 break;
888 case BPF_JMP | BPF_TAIL_CALL:
889 emit_bpf_tail_call(&prog);
890 break;
892 /* cond jump */
893 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_X:
894 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JNE | BPF_X:
895 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JGT | BPF_X:
896 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JLT | BPF_X:
897 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JGE | BPF_X:
898 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JLE | BPF_X:
899 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSGT | BPF_X:
900 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSLT | BPF_X:
901 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSGE | BPF_X:
902 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSLE | BPF_X:
903 /* cmp dst_reg, src_reg */
904 EMIT3(add_2mod(0x48, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x39,
905 add_2reg(0xC0, dst_reg, src_reg));
906 goto emit_cond_jmp;
908 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSET | BPF_X:
909 /* test dst_reg, src_reg */
910 EMIT3(add_2mod(0x48, dst_reg, src_reg), 0x85,
911 add_2reg(0xC0, dst_reg, src_reg));
912 goto emit_cond_jmp;
914 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSET | BPF_K:
915 /* test dst_reg, imm32 */
916 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg));
917 EMIT2_off32(0xF7, add_1reg(0xC0, dst_reg), imm32);
918 goto emit_cond_jmp;
920 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K:
921 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JNE | BPF_K:
922 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JGT | BPF_K:
923 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JLT | BPF_K:
924 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JGE | BPF_K:
925 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JLE | BPF_K:
926 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSGT | BPF_K:
927 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSLT | BPF_K:
928 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSGE | BPF_K:
929 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JSLE | BPF_K:
930 /* cmp dst_reg, imm8/32 */
931 EMIT1(add_1mod(0x48, dst_reg));
933 if (is_imm8(imm32))
934 EMIT3(0x83, add_1reg(0xF8, dst_reg), imm32);
935 else
936 EMIT2_off32(0x81, add_1reg(0xF8, dst_reg), imm32);
938 emit_cond_jmp: /* convert BPF opcode to x86 */
939 switch (BPF_OP(insn->code)) {
940 case BPF_JEQ:
941 jmp_cond = X86_JE;
942 break;
943 case BPF_JSET:
944 case BPF_JNE:
945 jmp_cond = X86_JNE;
946 break;
947 case BPF_JGT:
948 /* GT is unsigned '>', JA in x86 */
949 jmp_cond = X86_JA;
950 break;
951 case BPF_JLT:
952 /* LT is unsigned '<', JB in x86 */
953 jmp_cond = X86_JB;
954 break;
955 case BPF_JGE:
956 /* GE is unsigned '>=', JAE in x86 */
957 jmp_cond = X86_JAE;
958 break;
959 case BPF_JLE:
960 /* LE is unsigned '<=', JBE in x86 */
961 jmp_cond = X86_JBE;
962 break;
963 case BPF_JSGT:
964 /* signed '>', GT in x86 */
965 jmp_cond = X86_JG;
966 break;
967 case BPF_JSLT:
968 /* signed '<', LT in x86 */
969 jmp_cond = X86_JL;
970 break;
971 case BPF_JSGE:
972 /* signed '>=', GE in x86 */
973 jmp_cond = X86_JGE;
974 break;
975 case BPF_JSLE:
976 /* signed '<=', LE in x86 */
977 jmp_cond = X86_JLE;
978 break;
979 default: /* to silence gcc warning */
980 return -EFAULT;
982 jmp_offset = addrs[i + insn->off] - addrs[i];
983 if (is_imm8(jmp_offset)) {
984 EMIT2(jmp_cond, jmp_offset);
985 } else if (is_simm32(jmp_offset)) {
986 EMIT2_off32(0x0F, jmp_cond + 0x10, jmp_offset);
987 } else {
988 pr_err("cond_jmp gen bug %llx\n", jmp_offset);
989 return -EFAULT;
992 break;
994 case BPF_JMP | BPF_JA:
995 jmp_offset = addrs[i + insn->off] - addrs[i];
996 if (!jmp_offset)
997 /* optimize out nop jumps */
998 break;
999 emit_jmp:
1000 if (is_imm8(jmp_offset)) {
1001 EMIT2(0xEB, jmp_offset);
1002 } else if (is_simm32(jmp_offset)) {
1003 EMIT1_off32(0xE9, jmp_offset);
1004 } else {
1005 pr_err("jmp gen bug %llx\n", jmp_offset);
1006 return -EFAULT;
1008 break;
1010 case BPF_LD | BPF_IND | BPF_W:
1011 func = sk_load_word;
1012 goto common_load;
1013 case BPF_LD | BPF_ABS | BPF_W:
1014 func = CHOOSE_LOAD_FUNC(imm32, sk_load_word);
1015 common_load:
1016 ctx->seen_ld_abs = seen_ld_abs = true;
1017 jmp_offset = func - (image + addrs[i]);
1018 if (!func || !is_simm32(jmp_offset)) {
1019 pr_err("unsupported bpf func %d addr %p image %p\n",
1020 imm32, func, image);
1021 return -EINVAL;
1023 if (BPF_MODE(insn->code) == BPF_ABS) {
1024 /* mov %esi, imm32 */
1025 EMIT1_off32(0xBE, imm32);
1026 } else {
1027 /* mov %rsi, src_reg */
1028 EMIT_mov(BPF_REG_2, src_reg);
1029 if (imm32) {
1030 if (is_imm8(imm32))
1031 /* add %esi, imm8 */
1032 EMIT3(0x83, 0xC6, imm32);
1033 else
1034 /* add %esi, imm32 */
1035 EMIT2_off32(0x81, 0xC6, imm32);
1038 /* skb pointer is in R6 (%rbx), it will be copied into
1039 * %rdi if skb_copy_bits() call is necessary.
1040 * sk_load_* helpers also use %r10 and %r9d.
1041 * See bpf_jit.S
1043 if (seen_ax_reg)
1044 /* r10 = skb->data, mov %r10, off32(%rbx) */
1045 EMIT3_off32(0x4c, 0x8b, 0x93,
1046 offsetof(struct sk_buff, data));
1047 EMIT1_off32(0xE8, jmp_offset); /* call */
1048 break;
1050 case BPF_LD | BPF_IND | BPF_H:
1051 func = sk_load_half;
1052 goto common_load;
1053 case BPF_LD | BPF_ABS | BPF_H:
1054 func = CHOOSE_LOAD_FUNC(imm32, sk_load_half);
1055 goto common_load;
1056 case BPF_LD | BPF_IND | BPF_B:
1057 func = sk_load_byte;
1058 goto common_load;
1059 case BPF_LD | BPF_ABS | BPF_B:
1060 func = CHOOSE_LOAD_FUNC(imm32, sk_load_byte);
1061 goto common_load;
1063 case BPF_JMP | BPF_EXIT:
1064 if (seen_exit) {
1065 jmp_offset = ctx->cleanup_addr - addrs[i];
1066 goto emit_jmp;
1068 seen_exit = true;
1069 /* update cleanup_addr */
1070 ctx->cleanup_addr = proglen;
1071 /* mov rbx, qword ptr [rbp+0] */
1072 EMIT4(0x48, 0x8B, 0x5D, 0);
1073 /* mov r13, qword ptr [rbp+8] */
1074 EMIT4(0x4C, 0x8B, 0x6D, 8);
1075 /* mov r14, qword ptr [rbp+16] */
1076 EMIT4(0x4C, 0x8B, 0x75, 16);
1077 /* mov r15, qword ptr [rbp+24] */
1078 EMIT4(0x4C, 0x8B, 0x7D, 24);
1080 /* add rbp, AUX_STACK_SPACE */
1081 EMIT4(0x48, 0x83, 0xC5, AUX_STACK_SPACE);
1082 EMIT1(0xC9); /* leave */
1083 EMIT1(0xC3); /* ret */
1084 break;
1086 default:
1087 /* By design x64 JIT should support all BPF instructions
1088 * This error will be seen if new instruction was added
1089 * to interpreter, but not to JIT
1090 * or if there is junk in bpf_prog
1092 pr_err("bpf_jit: unknown opcode %02x\n", insn->code);
1093 return -EINVAL;
1096 ilen = prog - temp;
1097 if (ilen > BPF_MAX_INSN_SIZE) {
1098 pr_err("bpf_jit: fatal insn size error\n");
1099 return -EFAULT;
1102 if (image) {
1103 if (unlikely(proglen + ilen > oldproglen)) {
1104 pr_err("bpf_jit: fatal error\n");
1105 return -EFAULT;
1107 memcpy(image + proglen, temp, ilen);
1109 proglen += ilen;
1110 addrs[i] = proglen;
1111 prog = temp;
1113 return proglen;
1116 struct x64_jit_data {
1117 struct bpf_binary_header *header;
1118 int *addrs;
1119 u8 *image;
1120 int proglen;
1121 struct jit_context ctx;
1124 struct bpf_prog *bpf_int_jit_compile(struct bpf_prog *prog)
1126 struct bpf_binary_header *header = NULL;
1127 struct bpf_prog *tmp, *orig_prog = prog;
1128 struct x64_jit_data *jit_data;
1129 int proglen, oldproglen = 0;
1130 struct jit_context ctx = {};
1131 bool tmp_blinded = false;
1132 bool extra_pass = false;
1133 u8 *image = NULL;
1134 int *addrs;
1135 int pass;
1136 int i;
1138 if (!prog->jit_requested)
1139 return orig_prog;
1141 tmp = bpf_jit_blind_constants(prog);
1142 /* If blinding was requested and we failed during blinding,
1143 * we must fall back to the interpreter.
1145 if (IS_ERR(tmp))
1146 return orig_prog;
1147 if (tmp != prog) {
1148 tmp_blinded = true;
1149 prog = tmp;
1152 jit_data = prog->aux->jit_data;
1153 if (!jit_data) {
1154 jit_data = kzalloc(sizeof(*jit_data), GFP_KERNEL);
1155 if (!jit_data) {
1156 prog = orig_prog;
1157 goto out;
1159 prog->aux->jit_data = jit_data;
1161 addrs = jit_data->addrs;
1162 if (addrs) {
1163 ctx = jit_data->ctx;
1164 oldproglen = jit_data->proglen;
1165 image = jit_data->image;
1166 header = jit_data->header;
1167 extra_pass = true;
1168 goto skip_init_addrs;
1170 addrs = kmalloc(prog->len * sizeof(*addrs), GFP_KERNEL);
1171 if (!addrs) {
1172 prog = orig_prog;
1173 goto out_addrs;
1176 /* Before first pass, make a rough estimation of addrs[]
1177 * each bpf instruction is translated to less than 64 bytes
1179 for (proglen = 0, i = 0; i < prog->len; i++) {
1180 proglen += 64;
1181 addrs[i] = proglen;
1183 ctx.cleanup_addr = proglen;
1184 skip_init_addrs:
1186 /* JITed image shrinks with every pass and the loop iterates
1187 * until the image stops shrinking. Very large bpf programs
1188 * may converge on the last pass. In such case do one more
1189 * pass to emit the final image
1191 for (pass = 0; pass < 10 || image; pass++) {
1192 proglen = do_jit(prog, addrs, image, oldproglen, &ctx);
1193 if (proglen <= 0) {
1194 image = NULL;
1195 if (header)
1196 bpf_jit_binary_free(header);
1197 prog = orig_prog;
1198 goto out_addrs;
1200 if (image) {
1201 if (proglen != oldproglen) {
1202 pr_err("bpf_jit: proglen=%d != oldproglen=%d\n",
1203 proglen, oldproglen);
1204 prog = orig_prog;
1205 goto out_addrs;
1207 break;
1209 if (proglen == oldproglen) {
1210 header = bpf_jit_binary_alloc(proglen, &image,
1211 1, jit_fill_hole);
1212 if (!header) {
1213 prog = orig_prog;
1214 goto out_addrs;
1217 oldproglen = proglen;
1220 if (bpf_jit_enable > 1)
1221 bpf_jit_dump(prog->len, proglen, pass + 1, image);
1223 if (image) {
1224 bpf_flush_icache(header, image + proglen);
1225 if (!prog->is_func || extra_pass) {
1226 bpf_jit_binary_lock_ro(header);
1227 } else {
1228 jit_data->addrs = addrs;
1229 jit_data->ctx = ctx;
1230 jit_data->proglen = proglen;
1231 jit_data->image = image;
1232 jit_data->header = header;
1234 prog->bpf_func = (void *)image;
1235 prog->jited = 1;
1236 prog->jited_len = proglen;
1237 } else {
1238 prog = orig_prog;
1241 if (!prog->is_func || extra_pass) {
1242 out_addrs:
1243 kfree(addrs);
1244 kfree(jit_data);
1245 prog->aux->jit_data = NULL;
1247 out:
1248 if (tmp_blinded)
1249 bpf_jit_prog_release_other(prog, prog == orig_prog ?
1250 tmp : orig_prog);
1251 return prog;