1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-4.0
7 :Author: Matthew Wilcox
12 A common problem to solve is allocating identifiers (IDs); generally
13 small numbers which identify a thing. Examples include file descriptors,
14 process IDs, packet identifiers in networking protocols, SCSI tags
15 and device instance numbers. The IDR and the IDA provide a reasonable
16 solution to the problem to avoid everybody inventing their own. The IDR
17 provides the ability to map an ID to a pointer, while the IDA provides
18 only ID allocation, and as a result is much more memory-efficient.
23 Start by initialising an IDR, either with :c:func:`DEFINE_IDR`
24 for statically allocated IDRs or :c:func:`idr_init` for dynamically
27 You can call :c:func:`idr_alloc` to allocate an unused ID. Look up
28 the pointer you associated with the ID by calling :c:func:`idr_find`
29 and free the ID by calling :c:func:`idr_remove`.
31 If you need to change the pointer associated with an ID, you can call
32 :c:func:`idr_replace`. One common reason to do this is to reserve an
33 ID by passing a ``NULL`` pointer to the allocation function; initialise the
34 object with the reserved ID and finally insert the initialised object
37 Some users need to allocate IDs larger than ``INT_MAX``. So far all of
38 these users have been content with a ``UINT_MAX`` limit, and they use
39 :c:func:`idr_alloc_u32`. If you need IDs that will not fit in a u32,
40 we will work with you to address your needs.
42 If you need to allocate IDs sequentially, you can use
43 :c:func:`idr_alloc_cyclic`. The IDR becomes less efficient when dealing
44 with larger IDs, so using this function comes at a slight cost.
46 To perform an action on all pointers used by the IDR, you can
47 either use the callback-based :c:func:`idr_for_each` or the
48 iterator-style :c:func:`idr_for_each_entry`. You may need to use
49 :c:func:`idr_for_each_entry_continue` to continue an iteration. You can
50 also use :c:func:`idr_get_next` if the iterator doesn't fit your needs.
52 When you have finished using an IDR, you can call :c:func:`idr_destroy`
53 to release the memory used by the IDR. This will not free the objects
54 pointed to from the IDR; if you want to do that, use one of the iterators
57 You can use :c:func:`idr_is_empty` to find out whether there are any
58 IDs currently allocated.
60 If you need to take a lock while allocating a new ID from the IDR,
61 you may need to pass a restrictive set of GFP flags, which can lead
62 to the IDR being unable to allocate memory. To work around this,
63 you can call :c:func:`idr_preload` before taking the lock, and then
64 :c:func:`idr_preload_end` after the allocation.
66 .. kernel-doc:: include/linux/idr.h
72 .. kernel-doc:: lib/idr.c
75 Functions and structures
76 ========================
78 .. kernel-doc:: include/linux/idr.h
79 .. kernel-doc:: lib/idr.c