4 HID sensor framework provides necessary interfaces to implement sensor drivers,
5 which are connected to a sensor hub. The sensor hub is a HID device and it provides
6 a report descriptor conforming to HID 1.12 sensor usage tables.
8 Description from the HID 1.12 "HID Sensor Usages" specification:
9 "Standardization of HID usages for sensors would allow (but not require) sensor
10 hardware vendors to provide a consistent Plug And Play interface at the USB boundary,
11 thereby enabling some operating systems to incorporate common device drivers that
12 could be reused between vendors, alleviating any need for the vendors to provide
13 the drivers themselves."
15 This specification describes many usage IDs, which describe the type of sensor
16 and also the individual data fields. Each sensor can have variable number of
17 data fields. The length and order is specified in the report descriptor. For
18 example a part of report descriptor can look like:
26 Logical Minimum(-32767)
27 Logical Maximum(32767)
31 Flags(Variable Absolute)
35 The report is indicating "sensor page (0x20)" contains an accelerometer-3D (0x73).
36 This accelerometer-3D has some fields. Here for example field 2 is motion intensity
37 (0x045f) with a logical minimum value of -32767 and logical maximum of 32767. The
38 order of fields and length of each field is important as the input event raw
39 data will use this format.
45 This specification defines many different types of sensors with different sets of
46 data fields. It is difficult to have a common input event to user space applications,
47 for different sensors. For example an accelerometer can send X,Y and Z data, whereas
48 an ambient light sensor can send illumination data.
49 So the implementation has two parts:
51 - Individual sensor processing part (sensor drivers)
55 The core driver registers (hid-sensor-hub) registers as a HID driver. It parses
56 report descriptors and identifies all the sensors present. It adds an MFD device
57 with name HID-SENSOR-xxxx (where xxxx is usage id from the specification).
59 HID-SENSOR-200073 is registered for an Accelerometer 3D driver.
60 So if any driver with this name is inserted, then the probe routine for that
61 function will be called. So an accelerometer processing driver can register
62 with this name and will be probed if there is an accelerometer-3D detected.
64 The core driver provides a set of APIs which can be used by the processing
65 drivers to register and get events for that usage id. Also it provides parsing
66 functions, which get and set each input/feature/output report.
68 Individual sensor processing part (sensor drivers)
70 The processing driver will use an interface provided by the core driver to parse
71 the report and get the indexes of the fields and also can get events. This driver
72 can use IIO interface to use the standard ABI defined for a type of sensor.
79 Each processing driver can use this structure to set some callbacks.
80 int (*suspend)(..): Callback when HID suspend is received
81 int (*resume)(..): Callback when HID resume is received
82 int (*capture_sample)(..): Capture a sample for one of its data fields
83 int (*send_event)(..): One complete event is received which can have
86 Registration functions:
87 int sensor_hub_register_callback(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
89 struct hid_sensor_hub_callbacks *usage_callback):
91 Registers callbacks for an usage id. The callback functions are not allowed
95 int sensor_hub_remove_callback(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
98 Removes callbacks for an usage id.
102 int sensor_hub_input_get_attribute_info(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
104 u32 usage_id, u32 attr_usage_id,
105 struct hid_sensor_hub_attribute_info *info);
107 A processing driver can look for some field of interest and check if it exists
108 in a report descriptor. If it exists it will store necessary information
109 so that fields can be set or get individually.
110 These indexes avoid searching every time and getting field index to get or set.
114 int sensor_hub_set_feature(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev, u32 report_id,
115 u32 field_index, s32 value);
117 This interface is used to set a value for a field in feature report. For example
118 if there is a field report_interval, which is parsed by a call to
119 sensor_hub_input_get_attribute_info before, then it can directly set that individual
123 int sensor_hub_get_feature(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev, u32 report_id,
124 u32 field_index, s32 *value);
126 This interface is used to get a value for a field in input report. For example
127 if there is a field report_interval, which is parsed by a call to
128 sensor_hub_input_get_attribute_info before, then it can directly get that individual
132 int sensor_hub_input_attr_get_raw_value(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
134 u32 attr_usage_id, u32 report_id);
136 This is used to get a particular field value through input reports. For example
137 accelerometer wants to poll X axis value, then it can call this function with
138 the usage id of X axis. HID sensors can provide events, so this is not necessary
139 to poll for any field. If there is some new sample, the core driver will call
140 registered callback function to process the sample.
145 HID Custom and generic Sensors
147 HID Sensor specification defines two special sensor usage types. Since they
148 don't represent a standard sensor, it is not possible to define using Linux IIO
150 The purpose of these sensors is to extend the functionality or provide a
151 way to obfuscate the data being communicated by a sensor. Without knowing the
152 mapping between the data and its encapsulated form, it is difficult for
153 an application/driver to determine what data is being communicated by the sensor.
154 This allows some differentiating use cases, where vendor can provide applications.
155 Some common use cases are debug other sensors or to provide some events like
156 keyboard attached/detached or lid open/close.
158 To allow application to utilize these sensors, here they are exported uses sysfs
159 attribute groups, attributes and misc device interface.
161 An example of this representation on sysfs:
162 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/INT33C2:00/i2c-0/i2c-INT33D1:00/0018:8086:09FA.0001/HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto$ tree -R
164 ????????? enable_sensor
165 ????????? feature-0-200316
166 ??????? ????????? feature-0-200316-maximum
167 ??????? ????????? feature-0-200316-minimum
168 ??????? ????????? feature-0-200316-name
169 ??????? ????????? feature-0-200316-size
170 ??????? ????????? feature-0-200316-unit-expo
171 ??????? ????????? feature-0-200316-units
172 ??????? ????????? feature-0-200316-value
173 ????????? feature-1-200201
174 ??????? ????????? feature-1-200201-maximum
175 ??????? ????????? feature-1-200201-minimum
176 ??????? ????????? feature-1-200201-name
177 ??????? ????????? feature-1-200201-size
178 ??????? ????????? feature-1-200201-unit-expo
179 ??????? ????????? feature-1-200201-units
180 ??????? ????????? feature-1-200201-value
181 ????????? input-0-200201
182 ??????? ????????? input-0-200201-maximum
183 ??????? ????????? input-0-200201-minimum
184 ??????? ????????? input-0-200201-name
185 ??????? ????????? input-0-200201-size
186 ??????? ????????? input-0-200201-unit-expo
187 ??????? ????????? input-0-200201-units
188 ??????? ????????? input-0-200201-value
189 ????????? input-1-200202
190 ??????? ????????? input-1-200202-maximum
191 ??????? ????????? input-1-200202-minimum
192 ??????? ????????? input-1-200202-name
193 ??????? ????????? input-1-200202-size
194 ??????? ????????? input-1-200202-unit-expo
195 ??????? ????????? input-1-200202-units
196 ??????? ????????? input-1-200202-value
198 Here there is a custom sensors with four fields, two feature and two inputs.
199 Each field is represented by a set of attributes. All fields except the "value"
200 are read only. The value field is a RW field.
202 /sys/bus/platform/devices/HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto/feature-0-200316$ grep -r . *
203 feature-0-200316-maximum:6
204 feature-0-200316-minimum:0
205 feature-0-200316-name:property-reporting-state
206 feature-0-200316-size:1
207 feature-0-200316-unit-expo:0
208 feature-0-200316-units:25
209 feature-0-200316-value:1
211 How to enable such sensor?
212 By default sensor can be power gated. To enable sysfs attribute "enable" can be
214 $ echo 1 > enable_sensor
216 Once enabled and powered on, sensor can report value using HID reports.
217 These reports are pushed using misc device interface in a FIFO order.
218 /dev$ tree | grep HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto
219 ??????? ????????? 10:53 -> ../HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto
220 ????????? HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto
222 Each reports can be of variable length preceded by a header. This header
223 consist of a 32 bit usage id, 64 bit time stamp and 32 bit length field of raw