2 started by Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>, 2001.09.17
3 2.6 port and netpoll api by Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>, Sep 9 2003
4 IPv6 support by Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>, Jan 1 2013
5 Extended console support by Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>, May 1 2015
7 Please send bug reports to Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
8 Satyam Sharma <satyam.sharma@gmail.com>, and Cong Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
13 This module logs kernel printk messages over UDP allowing debugging of
14 problem where disk logging fails and serial consoles are impractical.
16 It can be used either built-in or as a module. As a built-in,
17 netconsole initializes immediately after NIC cards and will bring up
18 the specified interface as soon as possible. While this doesn't allow
19 capture of early kernel panics, it does capture most of the boot
22 Sender and receiver configuration:
23 ==================================
25 It takes a string configuration parameter "netconsole" in the
28 netconsole=[+][src-port]@[src-ip]/[<dev>],[tgt-port]@<tgt-ip>/[tgt-macaddr]
31 + if present, enable extended console support
32 src-port source for UDP packets (defaults to 6665)
33 src-ip source IP to use (interface address)
34 dev network interface (eth0)
35 tgt-port port for logging agent (6666)
36 tgt-ip IP address for logging agent
37 tgt-macaddr ethernet MAC address for logging agent (broadcast)
41 linux netconsole=4444@10.0.0.1/eth1,9353@10.0.0.2/12:34:56:78:9a:bc
45 insmod netconsole netconsole=@/,@10.0.0.2/
49 insmod netconsole netconsole=@/,@fd00:1:2:3::1/
51 It also supports logging to multiple remote agents by specifying
52 parameters for the multiple agents separated by semicolons and the
53 complete string enclosed in "quotes", thusly:
55 modprobe netconsole netconsole="@/,@10.0.0.2/;@/eth1,6892@10.0.0.3/"
57 Built-in netconsole starts immediately after the TCP stack is
58 initialized and attempts to bring up the supplied dev at the supplied
61 The remote host has several options to receive the kernel messages,
68 On distributions using a BSD-based netcat version (e.g. Fedora,
69 openSUSE and Ubuntu) the listening port must be specified without
72 'nc -u -l -p <port>' / 'nc -u -l <port>' or
73 'netcat -u -l -p <port>' / 'netcat -u -l <port>'
77 'socat udp-recv:<port> -'
79 Dynamic reconfiguration:
80 ========================
82 Dynamic reconfigurability is a useful addition to netconsole that enables
83 remote logging targets to be dynamically added, removed, or have their
84 parameters reconfigured at runtime from a configfs-based userspace interface.
85 [ Note that the parameters of netconsole targets that were specified/created
86 from the boot/module option are not exposed via this interface, and hence
87 cannot be modified dynamically. ]
89 To include this feature, select CONFIG_NETCONSOLE_DYNAMIC when building the
90 netconsole module (or kernel, if netconsole is built-in).
92 Some examples follow (where configfs is mounted at the /sys/kernel/config
95 To add a remote logging target (target names can be arbitrary):
97 cd /sys/kernel/config/netconsole/
100 Note that newly created targets have default parameter values (as mentioned
101 above) and are disabled by default -- they must first be enabled by writing
102 "1" to the "enabled" attribute (usually after setting parameters accordingly)
107 rmdir /sys/kernel/config/netconsole/othertarget/
109 The interface exposes these parameters of a netconsole target to userspace:
111 enabled Is this target currently enabled? (read-write)
112 extended Extended mode enabled (read-write)
113 dev_name Local network interface name (read-write)
114 local_port Source UDP port to use (read-write)
115 remote_port Remote agent's UDP port (read-write)
116 local_ip Source IP address to use (read-write)
117 remote_ip Remote agent's IP address (read-write)
118 local_mac Local interface's MAC address (read-only)
119 remote_mac Remote agent's MAC address (read-write)
121 The "enabled" attribute is also used to control whether the parameters of
122 a target can be updated or not -- you can modify the parameters of only
123 disabled targets (i.e. if "enabled" is 0).
125 To update a target's parameters:
127 cat enabled # check if enabled is 1
128 echo 0 > enabled # disable the target (if required)
129 echo eth2 > dev_name # set local interface
130 echo 10.0.0.4 > remote_ip # update some parameter
131 echo cb:a9:87:65:43:21 > remote_mac # update more parameters
132 echo 1 > enabled # enable target again
134 You can also update the local interface dynamically. This is especially
135 useful if you want to use interfaces that have newly come up (and may not
136 have existed when netconsole was loaded / initialized).
141 If '+' is prefixed to the configuration line or "extended" config file
142 is set to 1, extended console support is enabled. An example boot
145 linux netconsole=+4444@10.0.0.1/eth1,9353@10.0.0.2/12:34:56:78:9a:bc
147 Log messages are transmitted with extended metadata header in the
148 following format which is the same as /dev/kmsg.
150 <level>,<sequnum>,<timestamp>,<contflag>;<message text>
152 Non printable characters in <message text> are escaped using "\xff"
153 notation. If the message contains optional dictionary, verbatim
154 newline is used as the delimeter.
156 If a message doesn't fit in certain number of bytes (currently 1000),
157 the message is split into multiple fragments by netconsole. These
158 fragments are transmitted with "ncfrag" header field added.
160 ncfrag=<byte-offset>/<total-bytes>
162 For example, assuming a lot smaller chunk size, a message "the first
163 chunk, the 2nd chunk." may be split as follows.
165 6,416,1758426,-,ncfrag=0/31;the first chunk,
166 6,416,1758426,-,ncfrag=16/31; the 2nd chunk.
171 WARNING: the default target ethernet setting uses the broadcast
172 ethernet address to send packets, which can cause increased load on
173 other systems on the same ethernet segment.
175 TIP: some LAN switches may be configured to suppress ethernet broadcasts
176 so it is advised to explicitly specify the remote agents' MAC addresses
177 from the config parameters passed to netconsole.
179 TIP: to find out the MAC address of, say, 10.0.0.2, you may try using:
181 ping -c 1 10.0.0.2 ; /sbin/arp -n | grep 10.0.0.2
183 TIP: in case the remote logging agent is on a separate LAN subnet than
184 the sender, it is suggested to try specifying the MAC address of the
185 default gateway (you may use /sbin/route -n to find it out) as the
186 remote MAC address instead.
188 NOTE: the network device (eth1 in the above case) can run any kind
189 of other network traffic, netconsole is not intrusive. Netconsole
190 might cause slight delays in other traffic if the volume of kernel
191 messages is high, but should have no other impact.
193 NOTE: if you find that the remote logging agent is not receiving or
194 printing all messages from the sender, it is likely that you have set
195 the "console_loglevel" parameter (on the sender) to only send high
196 priority messages to the console. You can change this at runtime using:
200 or by specifying "debug" on the kernel command line at boot, to send
201 all kernel messages to the console. A specific value for this parameter
202 can also be set using the "loglevel" kernel boot option. See the
203 dmesg(8) man page and Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst for details.
205 Netconsole was designed to be as instantaneous as possible, to
206 enable the logging of even the most critical kernel bugs. It works
207 from IRQ contexts as well, and does not enable interrupts while
208 sending packets. Due to these unique needs, configuration cannot
209 be more automatic, and some fundamental limitations will remain:
210 only IP networks, UDP packets and ethernet devices are supported.