tools/perf/builtin-annotate.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2 /*
   3  * builtin-annotate.c
   4  *
   5  * Builtin annotate command: Analyze the perf.data input file,
   6  * look up and read DSOs and symbol information and display
   7  * a histogram of results, along various sorting keys.
   8  */
   9 #include "builtin.h"
  10
  11 #include "util/util.h"
  12 #include "util/color.h"
  13 #include <linux/list.h>
  14 #include "util/cache.h"
  15 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
  16 #include "util/symbol.h"
  17
  18 #include "perf.h"
  19 #include "util/debug.h"
  20
  21 #include "util/evlist.h"
  22 #include "util/evsel.h"
  23 #include "util/annotate.h"
  24 #include "util/event.h"
  25 #include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
  26 #include "util/parse-events.h"
  27 #include "util/thread.h"
  28 #include "util/sort.h"
  29 #include "util/hist.h"
  30 #include "util/session.h"
  31 #include "util/tool.h"
  32 #include "util/data.h"
  33 #include "arch/common.h"
  34 #include "util/block-range.h"
  35
  36 #include <dlfcn.h>
  37 #include <errno.h>
  38 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
  39
  40 struct perf_annotate {
  41         struct perf_tool tool;
  42         struct perf_session *session;
  43         bool       use_tui, use_stdio, use_gtk;
  44         bool       full_paths;
  45         bool       print_line;
  46         bool       skip_missing;
  47         const char *sym_hist_filter;
  48         const char *cpu_list;
  49         DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_bitmap, MAX_NR_CPUS);
  50 };
  51
  52 /*
  53  * Given one basic block:
  54  *
  55  *      from    to              branch_i
  56  *      * ----> *
  57  *              |
  58  *              | block
  59  *              v
  60  *              * ----> *
  61  *              from    to      branch_i+1
  62  *
  63  * where the horizontal are the branches and the vertical is the executed
  64  * block of instructions.
  65  *
  66  * We count, for each 'instruction', the number of blocks that covered it as
  67  * well as count the ratio each branch is taken.
  68  *
  69  * We can do this without knowing the actual instruction stream by keeping
  70  * track of the address ranges. We break down ranges such that there is no
  71  * overlap and iterate from the start until the end.
  72  *
  73  * @acme: once we parse the objdump output _before_ processing the samples,
  74  * we can easily fold the branch.cycles IPC bits in.
  75  */
  76 static void process_basic_block(struct addr_map_symbol *start,
  77                                 struct addr_map_symbol *end,
  78                                 struct branch_flags *flags)
  79 {
  80         struct symbol *sym = start->sym;
  81         struct annotation *notes = sym ? symbol__annotation(sym) : NULL;
  82         struct block_range_iter iter;
  83         struct block_range *entry;
  84
  85         /*
  86          * Sanity; NULL isn't executable and the CPU cannot execute backwards
  87          */
  88         if (!start->addr || start->addr > end->addr)
  89                 return;
  90
  91         iter = block_range__create(start->addr, end->addr);
  92         if (!block_range_iter__valid(&iter))
  93                 return;
  94
  95         /*
  96          * First block in range is a branch target.
  97          */
  98         entry = block_range_iter(&iter);
  99         assert(entry->is_target);
 100         entry->entry++;
 101
 102         do {
 103                 entry = block_range_iter(&iter);
 104
 105                 entry->coverage++;
 106                 entry->sym = sym;
 107
 108                 if (notes)
 109                         notes->max_coverage = max(notes->max_coverage, entry->coverage);
 110
 111         } while (block_range_iter__next(&iter));
 112
 113         /*
 114          * Last block in rage is a branch.
 115          */
 116         entry = block_range_iter(&iter);
 117         assert(entry->is_branch);
 118         entry->taken++;
 119         if (flags->predicted)
 120                 entry->pred++;
 121 }
 122
 123 static void process_branch_stack(struct branch_stack *bs, struct addr_location *al,
 124                                  struct perf_sample *sample)
 125 {
 126         struct addr_map_symbol *prev = NULL;
 127         struct branch_info *bi;
 128         int i;
 129
 130         if (!bs || !bs->nr)
 131                 return;
 132
 133         bi = sample__resolve_bstack(sample, al);
 134         if (!bi)
 135                 return;
 136
 137         for (i = bs->nr - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
 138                 /*
 139                  * XXX filter against symbol
 140                  */
 141                 if (prev)
 142                         process_basic_block(prev, &bi[i].from, &bi[i].flags);
 143                 prev = &bi[i].to;
 144         }
 145
 146         free(bi);
 147 }
 148
 149 static int perf_evsel__add_sample(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 150                                   struct perf_sample *sample,
 151                                   struct addr_location *al,
 152                                   struct perf_annotate *ann)
 153 {
 154         struct hists *hists = evsel__hists(evsel);
 155         struct hist_entry *he;
 156         int ret;
 157
 158         if (ann->sym_hist_filter != NULL &&
 159             (al->sym == NULL ||
 160              strcmp(ann->sym_hist_filter, al->sym->name) != 0)) {
 161                 /* We're only interested in a symbol named sym_hist_filter */
 162                 /*
 163                  * FIXME: why isn't this done in the symbol_filter when loading
 164                  * the DSO?
 165                  */
 166                 if (al->sym != NULL) {
 167                         rb_erase(&al->sym->rb_node,
 168                                  &al->map->dso->symbols[al->map->type]);
 169                         symbol__delete(al->sym);
 170                         dso__reset_find_symbol_cache(al->map->dso);
 171                 }
 172                 return 0;
 173         }
 174
 175         /*
 176          * XXX filtered samples can still have branch entires pointing into our
 177          * symbol and are missed.
 178          */
 179         process_branch_stack(sample->branch_stack, al, sample);
 180
 181         he = hists__add_entry(hists, al, NULL, NULL, NULL, sample, true);
 182         if (he == NULL)
 183                 return -ENOMEM;
 184
 185         ret = hist_entry__inc_addr_samples(he, sample, evsel->idx, al->addr);
 186         hists__inc_nr_samples(hists, true);
 187         return ret;
 188 }
 189
 190 static int process_sample_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
 191                                 union perf_event *event,
 192                                 struct perf_sample *sample,
 193                                 struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 194                                 struct machine *machine)
 195 {
 196         struct perf_annotate *ann = container_of(tool, struct perf_annotate, tool);
 197         struct addr_location al;
 198         int ret = 0;
 199
 200         if (machine__resolve(machine, &al, sample) < 0) {
 201                 pr_warning("problem processing %d event, skipping it.\n",
 202                            event->header.type);
 203                 return -1;
 204         }
 205
 206         if (ann->cpu_list && !test_bit(sample->cpu, ann->cpu_bitmap))
 207                 goto out_put;
 208
 209         if (!al.filtered && perf_evsel__add_sample(evsel, sample, &al, ann)) {
 210                 pr_warning("problem incrementing symbol count, "
 211                            "skipping event\n");
 212                 ret = -1;
 213         }
 214 out_put:
 215         addr_location__put(&al);
 216         return ret;
 217 }
 218
 219 static int hist_entry__tty_annotate(struct hist_entry *he,
 220                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 221                                     struct perf_annotate *ann)
 222 {
 223         return symbol__tty_annotate(he->ms.sym, he->ms.map, evsel,
 224                                     ann->print_line, ann->full_paths, 0, 0);
 225 }
 226
 227 static void hists__find_annotations(struct hists *hists,
 228                                     struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 229                                     struct perf_annotate *ann)
 230 {
 231         struct rb_node *nd = rb_first(&hists->entries), *next;
 232         int key = K_RIGHT;
 233
 234         while (nd) {
 235                 struct hist_entry *he = rb_entry(nd, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
 236                 struct annotation *notes;
 237
 238                 if (he->ms.sym == NULL || he->ms.map->dso->annotate_warned)
 239                         goto find_next;
 240
 241                 notes = symbol__annotation(he->ms.sym);
 242                 if (notes->src == NULL) {
 243 find_next:
 244                         if (key == K_LEFT)
 245                                 nd = rb_prev(nd);
 246                         else
 247                                 nd = rb_next(nd);
 248                         continue;
 249                 }
 250
 251                 if (use_browser == 2) {
 252                         int ret;
 253                         int (*annotate)(struct hist_entry *he,
 254                                         struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 255                                         struct hist_browser_timer *hbt);
 256
 257                         annotate = dlsym(perf_gtk_handle,
 258                                          "hist_entry__gtk_annotate");
 259                         if (annotate == NULL) {
 260                                 ui__error("GTK browser not found!\n");
 261                                 return;
 262                         }
 263
 264                         ret = annotate(he, evsel, NULL);
 265                         if (!ret || !ann->skip_missing)
 266                                 return;
 267
 268                         /* skip missing symbols */
 269                         nd = rb_next(nd);
 270                 } else if (use_browser == 1) {
 271                         key = hist_entry__tui_annotate(he, evsel, NULL);
 272                         switch (key) {
 273                         case -1:
 274                                 if (!ann->skip_missing)
 275                                         return;
 276                                 /* fall through */
 277                         case K_RIGHT:
 278                                 next = rb_next(nd);
 279                                 break;
 280                         case K_LEFT:
 281                                 next = rb_prev(nd);
 282                                 break;
 283                         default:
 284                                 return;
 285                         }
 286
 287                         if (next != NULL)
 288                                 nd = next;
 289                 } else {
 290                         hist_entry__tty_annotate(he, evsel, ann);
 291                         nd = rb_next(nd);
 292                         /*
 293                          * Since we have a hist_entry per IP for the same
 294                          * symbol, free he->ms.sym->src to signal we already
 295                          * processed this symbol.
 296                          */
 297                         zfree(&notes->src->cycles_hist);
 298                         zfree(&notes->src);
 299                 }
 300         }
 301 }
 302
 303 static int __cmd_annotate(struct perf_annotate *ann)
 304 {
 305         int ret;
 306         struct perf_session *session = ann->session;
 307         struct perf_evsel *pos;
 308         u64 total_nr_samples;
 309
 310         if (ann->cpu_list) {
 311                 ret = perf_session__cpu_bitmap(session, ann->cpu_list,
 312                                                ann->cpu_bitmap);
 313                 if (ret)
 314                         goto out;
 315         }
 316
 317         if (!objdump_path) {
 318                 ret = perf_env__lookup_objdump(&session->header.env);
 319                 if (ret)
 320                         goto out;
 321         }
 322
 323         ret = perf_session__process_events(session);
 324         if (ret)
 325                 goto out;
 326
 327         if (dump_trace) {
 328                 perf_session__fprintf_nr_events(session, stdout);
 329                 perf_evlist__fprintf_nr_events(session->evlist, stdout);
 330                 goto out;
 331         }
 332
 333         if (verbose > 3)
 334                 perf_session__fprintf(session, stdout);
 335
 336         if (verbose > 2)
 337                 perf_session__fprintf_dsos(session, stdout);
 338
 339         total_nr_samples = 0;
 340         evlist__for_each_entry(session->evlist, pos) {
 341                 struct hists *hists = evsel__hists(pos);
 342                 u32 nr_samples = hists->stats.nr_events[PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE];
 343
 344                 if (nr_samples > 0) {
 345                         total_nr_samples += nr_samples;
 346                         hists__collapse_resort(hists, NULL);
 347                         /* Don't sort callchain */
 348                         perf_evsel__reset_sample_bit(pos, CALLCHAIN);
 349                         perf_evsel__output_resort(pos, NULL);
 350
 351                         if (symbol_conf.event_group &&
 352                             !perf_evsel__is_group_leader(pos))
 353                                 continue;
 354
 355                         hists__find_annotations(hists, pos, ann);
 356                 }
 357         }
 358
 359         if (total_nr_samples == 0) {
 360                 ui__error("The %s file has no samples!\n", session->data->file.path);
 361                 goto out;
 362         }
 363
 364         if (use_browser == 2) {
 365                 void (*show_annotations)(void);
 366
 367                 show_annotations = dlsym(perf_gtk_handle,
 368                                          "perf_gtk__show_annotations");
 369                 if (show_annotations == NULL) {
 370                         ui__error("GTK browser not found!\n");
 371                         goto out;
 372                 }
 373                 show_annotations();
 374         }
 375
 376 out:
 377         return ret;
 378 }
 379
 380 static const char * const annotate_usage[] = {
 381         "perf annotate [<options>]",
 382         NULL
 383 };
 384
 385 int cmd_annotate(int argc, const char **argv)
 386 {
 387         struct perf_annotate annotate = {
 388                 .tool = {
 389                         .sample = process_sample_event,
 390                         .mmap   = perf_event__process_mmap,
 391                         .mmap2  = perf_event__process_mmap2,
 392                         .comm   = perf_event__process_comm,
 393                         .exit   = perf_event__process_exit,
 394                         .fork   = perf_event__process_fork,
 395                         .namespaces = perf_event__process_namespaces,
 396                         .attr   = perf_event__process_attr,
 397                         .build_id = perf_event__process_build_id,
 398                         .tracing_data   = perf_event__process_tracing_data,
 399                         .feature        = perf_event__process_feature,
 400                         .ordered_events = true,
 401                         .ordering_requires_timestamps = true,
 402                 },
 403         };
 404         struct perf_data data = {
 405                 .mode  = PERF_DATA_MODE_READ,
 406         };
 407         struct option options[] = {
 408         OPT_STRING('i', "input", &input_name, "file",
 409                     "input file name"),
 410         OPT_STRING('d', "dsos", &symbol_conf.dso_list_str, "dso[,dso...]",
 411                    "only consider symbols in these dsos"),
 412         OPT_STRING('s', "symbol", &annotate.sym_hist_filter, "symbol",
 413                     "symbol to annotate"),
 414         OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &data.force, "don't complain, do it"),
 415         OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
 416                     "be more verbose (show symbol address, etc)"),
 417         OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet", &quiet, "do now show any message"),
 418         OPT_BOOLEAN('D', "dump-raw-trace", &dump_trace,
 419                     "dump raw trace in ASCII"),
 420         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "gtk", &annotate.use_gtk, "Use the GTK interface"),
 421         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tui", &annotate.use_tui, "Use the TUI interface"),
 422         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdio", &annotate.use_stdio, "Use the stdio interface"),
 423         OPT_STRING('k', "vmlinux", &symbol_conf.vmlinux_name,
 424                    "file", "vmlinux pathname"),
 425         OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "modules", &symbol_conf.use_modules,
 426                     "load module symbols - WARNING: use only with -k and LIVE kernel"),
 427         OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "print-line", &annotate.print_line,
 428                     "print matching source lines (may be slow)"),
 429         OPT_BOOLEAN('P', "full-paths", &annotate.full_paths,
 430                     "Don't shorten the displayed pathnames"),
 431         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "skip-missing", &annotate.skip_missing,
 432                     "Skip symbols that cannot be annotated"),
 433         OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &annotate.cpu_list, "cpu", "list of cpus to profile"),
 434         OPT_CALLBACK(0, "symfs", NULL, "directory",
 435                      "Look for files with symbols relative to this directory",
 436                      symbol__config_symfs),
 437         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "source", &symbol_conf.annotate_src,
 438                     "Interleave source code with assembly code (default)"),
 439         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "asm-raw", &symbol_conf.annotate_asm_raw,
 440                     "Display raw encoding of assembly instructions (default)"),
 441         OPT_STRING('M', "disassembler-style", &disassembler_style, "disassembler style",
 442                    "Specify disassembler style (e.g. -M intel for intel syntax)"),
 443         OPT_STRING(0, "objdump", &objdump_path, "path",
 444                    "objdump binary to use for disassembly and annotations"),
 445         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "group", &symbol_conf.event_group,
 446                     "Show event group information together"),
 447         OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "show-total-period", &symbol_conf.show_total_period,
 448                     "Show a column with the sum of periods"),
 449         OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "show-nr-samples", &symbol_conf.show_nr_samples,
 450                     "Show a column with the number of samples"),
 451         OPT_CALLBACK_DEFAULT(0, "stdio-color", NULL, "mode",
 452                              "'always' (default), 'never' or 'auto' only applicable to --stdio mode",
 453                              stdio__config_color, "always"),
 454         OPT_END()
 455         };
 456         int ret;
 457
 458         set_option_flag(options, 0, "show-total-period", PARSE_OPT_EXCLUSIVE);
 459         set_option_flag(options, 0, "show-nr-samples", PARSE_OPT_EXCLUSIVE);
 460
 461
 462         ret = hists__init();
 463         if (ret < 0)
 464                 return ret;
 465
 466         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, annotate_usage, 0);
 467         if (argc) {
 468                 /*
 469                  * Special case: if there's an argument left then assume that
 470                  * it's a symbol filter:
 471                  */
 472                 if (argc > 1)
 473                         usage_with_options(annotate_usage, options);
 474
 475                 annotate.sym_hist_filter = argv[0];
 476         }
 477
 478         if (symbol_conf.show_nr_samples && annotate.use_gtk) {
 479                 pr_err("--show-nr-samples is not available in --gtk mode at this time\n");
 480                 return ret;
 481         }
 482
 483         if (quiet)
 484                 perf_quiet_option();
 485
 486         data.file.path = input_name;
 487
 488         annotate.session = perf_session__new(&data, false, &annotate.tool);
 489         if (annotate.session == NULL)
 490                 return -1;
 491
 492         ret = symbol__annotation_init();
 493         if (ret < 0)
 494                 goto out_delete;
 495
 496         symbol_conf.try_vmlinux_path = true;
 497
 498         ret = symbol__init(&annotate.session->header.env);
 499         if (ret < 0)
 500                 goto out_delete;
 501
 502         if (setup_sorting(NULL) < 0)
 503                 usage_with_options(annotate_usage, options);
 504
 505         if (annotate.use_stdio)
 506                 use_browser = 0;
 507         else if (annotate.use_tui)
 508                 use_browser = 1;
 509         else if (annotate.use_gtk)
 510                 use_browser = 2;
 511
 512         setup_browser(true);
 513
 514         ret = __cmd_annotate(&annotate);
 515
 516 out_delete:
 517         /*
 518          * Speed up the exit process, for large files this can
 519          * take quite a while.
 520          *
 521          * XXX Enable this when using valgrind or if we ever
 522          * librarize this command.
 523          *
 524          * Also experiment with obstacks to see how much speed
 525          * up we'll get here.
 526          *
 527          * perf_session__delete(session);
 528          */
 529         return ret;
 530 }