1 # $FreeBSD: src/share/examples/netgraph/ngctl,v 1.1 1999/11/30 02:45:08 archie Exp $
2 # $DragonFly: src/share/examples/netgraph/ngctl,v 1.3 2007/06/04 00:40:31 swildner Exp $
5 # This is an example that shows how to send ASCII formatted control
6 # messages to a node using ngctl(8).
8 # What we will do here create a divert(4) tap. This simply dumps
9 # out all packets diverted by some ipfw(8) divert rule to the console.
11 # Lines that begin with ``$'' (shell prompt) or ``+'' (ngctl prompt)
15 # First, start up ngctl in interactive mode:
19 connect Connects hook <peerhook> of the node at <relpath> to <hook>
20 debug Get/set debugging verbosity level
21 help Show command summary or get more help on a specific command
22 list Show information about all nodes
23 mkpeer Create and connect a new node to the node at "path"
24 msg Send a netgraph control message to the node at "path"
25 name Assign name <name> to the node at <path>
26 read Read and execute commands from a file
27 rmhook Disconnect hook "hook" of the node at "path"
28 show Show information about the node at <path>
29 shutdown Shutdown the node at <path>
30 status Get human readable status information from the node at <path>
31 types Show information about all installed node types
35 # Now let's create a ng_ksocket(8) node, in the family PF_INET,
36 # of type SOCK_RAW, and protocol IPPROTO_DIVERT:
38 + mkpeer ksocket foo inet/raw/divert
40 # Note that ``foo'' is the hook name on the socket node, which can be
41 # anything. The ``inet/raw/divert'' is the hook name on the ksocket
42 # node, which tells it what kind of socket to create.
44 # Lets give our ksocket node a global name. How about ``fred'':
48 # Note that we used ngctl's ``name'' command to do this. However,
49 # the following manually constructed netgraph message would have
50 # acomplished the exact same thing:
52 + msg foo name { name="fred" }
54 # Here we are using the ASCII <-> binary control message conversion
55 # routines. ngctl does this for us automatically when we use the
58 # Now lets bind the socket associated with the ksocket node to a port
59 # supplied by the system. We do this by sending the ksocket node a
60 # ``bind'' control message. Again, ngctl does the conversion of the
61 # control message from ASCII to binary behind the scenes.
63 + msg fred: bind inet/192.168.1.1
65 # The ksocket accepts arbitrary sockaddr structures, but also has
66 # special support for the PF_LOCAL and PF_INET protocol families.
67 # That is why we can specify the struct sockaddr argument to the
68 # ``bind'' command as ``inet/192.168.1.1'' (since we didn't specify
69 # a port number, it's assumed to be zero). We could have also
70 # relied on the generic sockaddr syntax and instead said this:
72 + msg fred: bind { family=2 len=16 data=[ 2=192 168 1 1 ] }
74 # This is what you would have to do for protocol families other
75 # that PF_INET and PF_LOCAL, at least until special handling for
78 # The reason for the ``2=192'' is to skip the two byte IP port number,
79 # which causes it to be set to zero, the default value for integral
80 # types when parsing. Now since we didn't ask for a specific port
81 # number, we need to do a ``getname'' to see what port number we got:
84 Rec'd response "getname" (5) from "fred:":
85 Args: inet/192.168.1.1:1029
87 # As soon as we sent the message, we got back a response. Here
88 # ngctl is telling us that it received a control message with the
89 # NGF_RESP (response) flag set, the reponse was to a prior ``getname''
90 # control message, that the originator was the node addressable
91 # as ``fred:''. The message arguments field is then displayed to
92 # us in its ASCII form. In this case, what we get back is a struct
93 # sockaddr, and there we see that our port number is 1029.
95 # So now let's add the ipfw divert rule for whatever packets we
96 # want to see. How about anything from 192.168.1.129.
100 $ ipfw add 100 divert 1029 ip from 192.168.1.129 to any
101 00100 divert 1029 ip from 192.168.1.129 to any
104 # Now watch what happens when we try to ping from that machine:
107 Rec'd data packet on hook "foo":
108 0000: 45 00 00 3c 57 00 00 00 20 01 bf ee c0 a8 01 81 E..<W... .......
109 0010: c0 a8 01 01 08 00 49 5c 03 00 01 00 61 62 63 64 ......I\....abcd
110 0020: 65 66 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 efghijklmnopqrst
111 0030: 75 76 77 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 uvwabcdefghi
113 Rec'd data packet on hook "foo":
114 0000: 45 00 00 3c 58 00 00 00 20 01 be ee c0 a8 01 81 E..<X... .......
115 0010: c0 a8 01 01 08 00 48 5c 03 00 02 00 61 62 63 64 ......H\....abcd
116 0020: 65 66 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 efghijklmnopqrst
117 0030: 75 76 77 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 uvwabcdefghi
119 Rec'd data packet on hook "foo":
120 0000: 45 00 00 3c 59 00 00 00 20 01 bd ee c0 a8 01 81 E..<Y... .......
121 0010: c0 a8 01 01 08 00 47 5c 03 00 03 00 61 62 63 64 ......G\....abcd
122 0020: 65 66 67 68 69 6a 6b 6c 6d 6e 6f 70 71 72 73 74 efghijklmnopqrst
123 0030: 75 76 77 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 uvwabcdefghi
126 # So we're seeing the output from the ksocket socket appear on the ``foo''
127 # hook of ngctl's socket node. Since the packets are getting diverted,
128 # the 192.168.1.129 machine doesn't see any response from us.
130 # Of course, any type of socket can be used, even TCP:
132 + mkpeer ksocket bar inet/stream/tcp
133 + msg bar connect inet/192.168.1.33:13
134 ngctl: send msg: Operation now in progress
136 Rec'd data packet on hook "foo":
137 0000: 4d 6f 6e 20 4e 6f 76 20 32 39 20 31 37 3a 34 38 Mon Nov 29 17:48
138 0010: 3a 33 37 20 31 39 39 39 0d 0a :37 1999..
143 + mkpeer ksocket bar local/stream/0
144 + msg bar bind local/"/tmp/bar.socket"
147 # Here's an example of a more complicated ASCII control message argument.
148 # If you look in /sys/netgraph/ng_message.h, you will see that a node
149 # responds to a NGM_LISTHOOKS with a struct hooklist, which contains
150 # an array of struct linkinfo:
152 # /* Structure used for NGM_LISTHOOKS */
154 # char ourhook[NG_HOOKSIZ]; /* hook name */
155 # char peerhook[NG_HOOSIZ]; /* peer hook */
156 # struct nodeinfo nodeinfo;
160 # struct nodeinfo nodeinfo; /* node information */
161 # struct linkinfo link[0]; /* info about each hook */
164 # By sending a node the ``listhooks'' command using ngctl, we can see
165 # this structure in ASCII form (lines wrapped for readability):
167 + msg bar bind local/"/tmp/bar.socket"
169 Rec'd response "listhooks" (7) from "bar":
170 Args: { nodeinfo={ type="ksocket" id=9 hooks=1 }
171 linkinfo=[ { ourhook="local/stream/0" peerhook="bar"
172 nodeinfo={ name="ngctl1327" type="socket" id=8 hooks=1 } } ] }