1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
7 :Author: Matthew Wilcox
12 A common problem to solve is allocating identifiers (IDs); generally
13 small numbers which identify a thing. Examples include file descriptors,
14 process IDs, packet identifiers in networking protocols, SCSI tags
15 and device instance numbers. The IDR and the IDA provide a reasonable
16 solution to the problem to avoid everybody inventing their own. The IDR
17 provides the ability to map an ID to a pointer, while the IDA provides
18 only ID allocation, and as a result is much more memory-efficient.
20 The IDR interface is deprecated; please use the :doc:`XArray <xarray>`
26 Start by initialising an IDR, either with DEFINE_IDR()
27 for statically allocated IDRs or idr_init() for dynamically
30 You can call idr_alloc() to allocate an unused ID. Look up
31 the pointer you associated with the ID by calling idr_find()
32 and free the ID by calling idr_remove().
34 If you need to change the pointer associated with an ID, you can call
35 idr_replace(). One common reason to do this is to reserve an
36 ID by passing a ``NULL`` pointer to the allocation function; initialise the
37 object with the reserved ID and finally insert the initialised object
40 Some users need to allocate IDs larger than ``INT_MAX``. So far all of
41 these users have been content with a ``UINT_MAX`` limit, and they use
42 idr_alloc_u32(). If you need IDs that will not fit in a u32,
43 we will work with you to address your needs.
45 If you need to allocate IDs sequentially, you can use
46 idr_alloc_cyclic(). The IDR becomes less efficient when dealing
47 with larger IDs, so using this function comes at a slight cost.
49 To perform an action on all pointers used by the IDR, you can
50 either use the callback-based idr_for_each() or the
51 iterator-style idr_for_each_entry(). You may need to use
52 idr_for_each_entry_continue() to continue an iteration. You can
53 also use idr_get_next() if the iterator doesn't fit your needs.
55 When you have finished using an IDR, you can call idr_destroy()
56 to release the memory used by the IDR. This will not free the objects
57 pointed to from the IDR; if you want to do that, use one of the iterators
60 You can use idr_is_empty() to find out whether there are any
61 IDs currently allocated.
63 If you need to take a lock while allocating a new ID from the IDR,
64 you may need to pass a restrictive set of GFP flags, which can lead
65 to the IDR being unable to allocate memory. To work around this,
66 you can call idr_preload() before taking the lock, and then
67 idr_preload_end() after the allocation.
69 .. kernel-doc:: include/linux/idr.h
75 .. kernel-doc:: lib/idr.c
78 Functions and structures
79 ========================
81 .. kernel-doc:: include/linux/idr.h
83 .. kernel-doc:: lib/idr.c