1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
3 * eCryptfs: Linux filesystem encryption layer
4 * This is where eCryptfs coordinates the symmetric encryption and
5 * decryption of the file data as it passes between the lower
6 * encrypted file and the upper decrypted file.
8 * Copyright (C) 1997-2003 Erez Zadok
9 * Copyright (C) 2001-2003 Stony Brook University
10 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 International Business Machines Corp.
11 * Author(s): Michael A. Halcrow <mahalcro@us.ibm.com>
14 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
15 #include <linux/writeback.h>
16 #include <linux/page-flags.h>
17 #include <linux/mount.h>
18 #include <linux/file.h>
19 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
20 #include <linux/slab.h>
21 #include <linux/xattr.h>
22 #include <linux/unaligned.h>
23 #include "ecryptfs_kernel.h"
26 * This is where we encrypt the data and pass the encrypted data to
27 * the lower filesystem. In OpenPGP-compatible mode, we operate on
28 * entire underlying packets.
30 static int ecryptfs_writepages(struct address_space
*mapping
,
31 struct writeback_control
*wbc
)
33 struct folio
*folio
= NULL
;
36 while ((folio
= writeback_iter(mapping
, wbc
, folio
, &error
))) {
37 error
= ecryptfs_encrypt_page(folio
);
39 ecryptfs_printk(KERN_WARNING
,
40 "Error encrypting folio (index [0x%.16lx])\n",
42 folio_clear_uptodate(folio
);
43 mapping_set_error(mapping
, error
);
51 static void strip_xattr_flag(char *page_virt
,
52 struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat
*crypt_stat
)
54 if (crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_METADATA_IN_XATTR
) {
57 crypt_stat
->flags
&= ~ECRYPTFS_METADATA_IN_XATTR
;
58 ecryptfs_write_crypt_stat_flags(page_virt
, crypt_stat
,
60 crypt_stat
->flags
|= ECRYPTFS_METADATA_IN_XATTR
;
66 * Octets 0-7: Unencrypted file size (big-endian)
67 * Octets 8-15: eCryptfs special marker
69 * Octet 16: File format version number (between 0 and 255)
70 * Octets 17-18: Reserved
71 * Octet 19: Bit 1 (lsb): Reserved
74 * Octets 20-23: Header extent size (big-endian)
75 * Octets 24-25: Number of header extents at front of file
77 * Octet 26: Begin RFC 2440 authentication token packet set
81 * ecryptfs_copy_up_encrypted_with_header
82 * @folio: Sort of a ``virtual'' representation of the encrypted lower
83 * file. The actual lower file does not have the metadata in
84 * the header. This is locked.
85 * @crypt_stat: The eCryptfs inode's cryptographic context
87 * The ``view'' is the version of the file that userspace winds up
88 * seeing, with the header information inserted.
91 ecryptfs_copy_up_encrypted_with_header(struct folio
*folio
,
92 struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat
*crypt_stat
)
94 loff_t extent_num_in_page
= 0;
95 loff_t num_extents_per_page
= (PAGE_SIZE
96 / crypt_stat
->extent_size
);
99 while (extent_num_in_page
< num_extents_per_page
) {
100 loff_t view_extent_num
= ((loff_t
)folio
->index
101 * num_extents_per_page
)
102 + extent_num_in_page
;
103 size_t num_header_extents_at_front
=
104 (crypt_stat
->metadata_size
/ crypt_stat
->extent_size
);
106 if (view_extent_num
< num_header_extents_at_front
) {
107 /* This is a header extent */
110 page_virt
= kmap_local_folio(folio
, 0);
111 memset(page_virt
, 0, PAGE_SIZE
);
112 /* TODO: Support more than one header extent */
113 if (view_extent_num
== 0) {
116 rc
= ecryptfs_read_xattr_region(
117 page_virt
, folio
->mapping
->host
);
118 strip_xattr_flag(page_virt
+ 16, crypt_stat
);
119 ecryptfs_write_header_metadata(page_virt
+ 20,
123 kunmap_local(page_virt
);
124 flush_dcache_folio(folio
);
126 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error reading xattr "
127 "region; rc = [%d]\n", __func__
, rc
);
131 /* This is an encrypted data extent */
132 loff_t lower_offset
=
133 ((view_extent_num
* crypt_stat
->extent_size
)
134 - crypt_stat
->metadata_size
);
136 rc
= ecryptfs_read_lower_page_segment(
137 folio
, (lower_offset
>> PAGE_SHIFT
),
138 (lower_offset
& ~PAGE_MASK
),
139 crypt_stat
->extent_size
, folio
->mapping
->host
);
141 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error attempting to read "
142 "extent at offset [%lld] in the lower "
143 "file; rc = [%d]\n", __func__
,
148 extent_num_in_page
++;
155 * ecryptfs_read_folio
156 * @file: An eCryptfs file
157 * @folio: Folio from eCryptfs inode mapping into which to stick the read data
159 * Read in a folio, decrypting if necessary.
161 * Returns zero on success; non-zero on error.
163 static int ecryptfs_read_folio(struct file
*file
, struct folio
*folio
)
165 struct inode
*inode
= folio
->mapping
->host
;
166 struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat
*crypt_stat
=
167 &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(inode
)->crypt_stat
;
170 if (!crypt_stat
|| !(crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED
)) {
171 err
= ecryptfs_read_lower_page_segment(folio
, folio
->index
, 0,
172 folio_size(folio
), inode
);
173 } else if (crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_VIEW_AS_ENCRYPTED
) {
174 if (crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_METADATA_IN_XATTR
) {
175 err
= ecryptfs_copy_up_encrypted_with_header(folio
,
178 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error attempting to copy "
179 "the encrypted content from the lower "
180 "file whilst inserting the metadata "
181 "from the xattr into the header; err = "
182 "[%d]\n", __func__
, err
);
187 err
= ecryptfs_read_lower_page_segment(folio
,
188 folio
->index
, 0, folio_size(folio
),
191 printk(KERN_ERR
"Error reading page; err = "
197 err
= ecryptfs_decrypt_page(folio
);
199 ecryptfs_printk(KERN_ERR
, "Error decrypting page; "
200 "err = [%d]\n", err
);
205 ecryptfs_printk(KERN_DEBUG
, "Unlocking folio with index = [0x%.16lx]\n",
207 folio_end_read(folio
, err
== 0);
212 * Called with lower inode mutex held.
214 static int fill_zeros_to_end_of_page(struct folio
*folio
, unsigned int to
)
216 struct inode
*inode
= folio
->mapping
->host
;
217 int end_byte_in_page
;
219 if ((i_size_read(inode
) / PAGE_SIZE
) != folio
->index
)
221 end_byte_in_page
= i_size_read(inode
) % PAGE_SIZE
;
222 if (to
> end_byte_in_page
)
223 end_byte_in_page
= to
;
224 folio_zero_segment(folio
, end_byte_in_page
, PAGE_SIZE
);
230 * ecryptfs_write_begin
231 * @file: The eCryptfs file
232 * @mapping: The eCryptfs object
233 * @pos: The file offset at which to start writing
234 * @len: Length of the write
235 * @foliop: Pointer to return the folio
236 * @fsdata: Pointer to return fs data (unused)
238 * This function must zero any hole we create
240 * Returns zero on success; non-zero otherwise
242 static int ecryptfs_write_begin(struct file
*file
,
243 struct address_space
*mapping
,
244 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
,
245 struct folio
**foliop
, void **fsdata
)
247 pgoff_t index
= pos
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
249 loff_t prev_page_end_size
;
252 folio
= __filemap_get_folio(mapping
, index
, FGP_WRITEBEGIN
,
253 mapping_gfp_mask(mapping
));
255 return PTR_ERR(folio
);
258 prev_page_end_size
= ((loff_t
)index
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
259 if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio
)) {
260 struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat
*crypt_stat
=
261 &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(mapping
->host
)->crypt_stat
;
263 if (!(crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED
)) {
264 rc
= ecryptfs_read_lower_page_segment(
265 folio
, index
, 0, PAGE_SIZE
, mapping
->host
);
267 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error attempting to read "
268 "lower page segment; rc = [%d]\n",
270 folio_clear_uptodate(folio
);
273 folio_mark_uptodate(folio
);
274 } else if (crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_VIEW_AS_ENCRYPTED
) {
275 if (crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_METADATA_IN_XATTR
) {
276 rc
= ecryptfs_copy_up_encrypted_with_header(
279 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error attempting "
280 "to copy the encrypted content "
281 "from the lower file whilst "
282 "inserting the metadata from "
283 "the xattr into the header; rc "
284 "= [%d]\n", __func__
, rc
);
285 folio_clear_uptodate(folio
);
288 folio_mark_uptodate(folio
);
290 rc
= ecryptfs_read_lower_page_segment(
291 folio
, index
, 0, PAGE_SIZE
,
294 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error reading "
297 folio_clear_uptodate(folio
);
300 folio_mark_uptodate(folio
);
303 if (prev_page_end_size
304 >= i_size_read(mapping
->host
)) {
305 folio_zero_range(folio
, 0, PAGE_SIZE
);
306 folio_mark_uptodate(folio
);
307 } else if (len
< PAGE_SIZE
) {
308 rc
= ecryptfs_decrypt_page(folio
);
310 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error decrypting "
311 "page at index [%ld]; "
313 __func__
, folio
->index
, rc
);
314 folio_clear_uptodate(folio
);
317 folio_mark_uptodate(folio
);
321 /* If creating a page or more of holes, zero them out via truncate.
322 * Note, this will increase i_size. */
324 if (prev_page_end_size
> i_size_read(mapping
->host
)) {
325 rc
= ecryptfs_truncate(file
->f_path
.dentry
,
328 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error on attempt to "
329 "truncate to (higher) offset [%lld];"
330 " rc = [%d]\n", __func__
,
331 prev_page_end_size
, rc
);
336 /* Writing to a new page, and creating a small hole from start
337 * of page? Zero it out. */
338 if ((i_size_read(mapping
->host
) == prev_page_end_size
)
340 folio_zero_range(folio
, 0, PAGE_SIZE
);
350 * ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_header
352 * Writes the lower file size to the first 8 bytes of the header.
354 * Returns zero on success; non-zero on error.
356 static int ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_header(struct inode
*ecryptfs_inode
)
358 char *file_size_virt
;
361 file_size_virt
= kmalloc(sizeof(u64
), GFP_KERNEL
);
362 if (!file_size_virt
) {
366 put_unaligned_be64(i_size_read(ecryptfs_inode
), file_size_virt
);
367 rc
= ecryptfs_write_lower(ecryptfs_inode
, file_size_virt
, 0,
369 kfree(file_size_virt
);
371 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: Error writing file size to header; "
372 "rc = [%d]\n", __func__
, rc
);
379 struct kmem_cache
*ecryptfs_xattr_cache
;
381 static int ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_xattr(struct inode
*ecryptfs_inode
)
385 struct dentry
*lower_dentry
=
386 ecryptfs_inode_to_private(ecryptfs_inode
)->lower_file
->f_path
.dentry
;
387 struct inode
*lower_inode
= d_inode(lower_dentry
);
390 if (!(lower_inode
->i_opflags
& IOP_XATTR
)) {
392 "No support for setting xattr in lower filesystem\n");
396 xattr_virt
= kmem_cache_alloc(ecryptfs_xattr_cache
, GFP_KERNEL
);
401 inode_lock(lower_inode
);
402 size
= __vfs_getxattr(lower_dentry
, lower_inode
, ECRYPTFS_XATTR_NAME
,
403 xattr_virt
, PAGE_SIZE
);
406 put_unaligned_be64(i_size_read(ecryptfs_inode
), xattr_virt
);
407 rc
= __vfs_setxattr(&nop_mnt_idmap
, lower_dentry
, lower_inode
,
408 ECRYPTFS_XATTR_NAME
, xattr_virt
, size
, 0);
409 inode_unlock(lower_inode
);
411 printk(KERN_ERR
"Error whilst attempting to write inode size "
412 "to lower file xattr; rc = [%d]\n", rc
);
413 kmem_cache_free(ecryptfs_xattr_cache
, xattr_virt
);
418 int ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_metadata(struct inode
*ecryptfs_inode
)
420 struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat
*crypt_stat
;
422 crypt_stat
= &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(ecryptfs_inode
)->crypt_stat
;
423 BUG_ON(!(crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED
));
424 if (crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_METADATA_IN_XATTR
)
425 return ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_xattr(ecryptfs_inode
);
427 return ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_header(ecryptfs_inode
);
432 * @file: The eCryptfs file object
433 * @mapping: The eCryptfs object
434 * @pos: The file position
435 * @len: The length of the data (unused)
436 * @copied: The amount of data copied
437 * @folio: The eCryptfs folio
438 * @fsdata: The fsdata (unused)
440 static int ecryptfs_write_end(struct file
*file
,
441 struct address_space
*mapping
,
442 loff_t pos
, unsigned len
, unsigned copied
,
443 struct folio
*folio
, void *fsdata
)
445 pgoff_t index
= pos
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
446 unsigned from
= pos
& (PAGE_SIZE
- 1);
447 unsigned to
= from
+ copied
;
448 struct inode
*ecryptfs_inode
= mapping
->host
;
449 struct ecryptfs_crypt_stat
*crypt_stat
=
450 &ecryptfs_inode_to_private(ecryptfs_inode
)->crypt_stat
;
453 ecryptfs_printk(KERN_DEBUG
, "Calling fill_zeros_to_end_of_page"
454 "(page w/ index = [0x%.16lx], to = [%d])\n", index
, to
);
455 if (!(crypt_stat
->flags
& ECRYPTFS_ENCRYPTED
)) {
456 rc
= ecryptfs_write_lower_page_segment(ecryptfs_inode
,
460 fsstack_copy_inode_size(ecryptfs_inode
,
461 ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(ecryptfs_inode
));
465 if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio
)) {
466 if (copied
< PAGE_SIZE
) {
470 folio_mark_uptodate(folio
);
472 /* Fills in zeros if 'to' goes beyond inode size */
473 rc
= fill_zeros_to_end_of_page(folio
, to
);
475 ecryptfs_printk(KERN_WARNING
, "Error attempting to fill "
476 "zeros in page with index = [0x%.16lx]\n", index
);
479 rc
= ecryptfs_encrypt_page(folio
);
481 ecryptfs_printk(KERN_WARNING
, "Error encrypting page (upper "
482 "index [0x%.16lx])\n", index
);
485 if (pos
+ copied
> i_size_read(ecryptfs_inode
)) {
486 i_size_write(ecryptfs_inode
, pos
+ copied
);
487 ecryptfs_printk(KERN_DEBUG
, "Expanded file size to "
489 (unsigned long long)i_size_read(ecryptfs_inode
));
491 rc
= ecryptfs_write_inode_size_to_metadata(ecryptfs_inode
);
493 printk(KERN_ERR
"Error writing inode size to metadata; "
503 static sector_t
ecryptfs_bmap(struct address_space
*mapping
, sector_t block
)
505 struct inode
*lower_inode
= ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(mapping
->host
);
506 int ret
= bmap(lower_inode
, &block
);
513 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
515 const struct address_space_operations ecryptfs_aops
= {
517 * XXX: This is pretty broken for multiple reasons: ecryptfs does not
518 * actually use buffer_heads, and ecryptfs will crash without
519 * CONFIG_BLOCK. But it matches the behavior before the default for
520 * address_space_operations without the ->dirty_folio method was
521 * cleaned up, so this is the best we can do without maintainer
525 .dirty_folio
= block_dirty_folio
,
526 .invalidate_folio
= block_invalidate_folio
,
528 .writepages
= ecryptfs_writepages
,
529 .read_folio
= ecryptfs_read_folio
,
530 .write_begin
= ecryptfs_write_begin
,
531 .write_end
= ecryptfs_write_end
,
532 .migrate_folio
= filemap_migrate_folio
,
533 .bmap
= ecryptfs_bmap
,