1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 ===========================
4 MEMORY ALLOCATION PROFILING
5 ===========================
7 Low overhead (suitable for production) accounting of all memory allocations,
8 tracked by file and line number.
12 - CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING
14 - CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT
16 - CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_DEBUG
17 adds warnings for allocations that weren't accounted because of a
21 sysctl.vm.mem_profiling={0|1|never}[,compressed]
23 When set to "never", memory allocation profiling overhead is minimized and it
24 cannot be enabled at runtime (sysctl becomes read-only).
25 When CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT=y, default value is "1".
26 When CONFIG_MEM_ALLOC_PROFILING_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT=n, default value is "never".
27 "compressed" optional parameter will try to store page tag references in a
28 compact format, avoiding page extensions. This results in improved performance
29 and memory consumption, however it might fail depending on system configuration.
30 If compression fails, a warning is issued and memory allocation profiling gets
34 /proc/sys/vm/mem_profiling
41 root@moria-kvm:~# sort -g /proc/allocinfo|tail|numfmt --to=iec
42 2.8M 22648 fs/kernfs/dir.c:615 func:__kernfs_new_node
43 3.8M 953 mm/memory.c:4214 func:alloc_anon_folio
44 4.0M 1010 drivers/staging/ctagmod/ctagmod.c:20 [ctagmod] func:ctagmod_start
45 4.1M 4 net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_core.c:2567 func:nf_ct_alloc_hashtable
46 6.0M 1532 mm/filemap.c:1919 func:__filemap_get_folio
47 8.8M 2785 kernel/fork.c:307 func:alloc_thread_stack_node
48 13M 234 block/blk-mq.c:3421 func:blk_mq_alloc_rqs
49 14M 3520 mm/mm_init.c:2530 func:alloc_large_system_hash
50 15M 3656 mm/readahead.c:247 func:page_cache_ra_unbounded
51 55M 4887 mm/slub.c:2259 func:alloc_slab_page
52 122M 31168 mm/page_ext.c:270 func:alloc_page_ext
57 Memory allocation profiling builds off of code tagging, which is a library for
58 declaring static structs (that typically describe a file and line number in
59 some way, hence code tagging) and then finding and operating on them at runtime,
60 - i.e. iterating over them to print them in debugfs/procfs.
62 To add accounting for an allocation call, we replace it with a macro
63 invocation, alloc_hooks(), that
65 - stashes a pointer to it in task_struct
66 - calls the real allocation function
67 - and finally, restores the task_struct alloc tag pointer to its previous value.
69 This allows for alloc_hooks() calls to be nested, with the most recent one
70 taking effect. This is important for allocations internal to the mm/ code that
71 do not properly belong to the outer allocation context and should be counted
72 separately: for example, slab object extension vectors, or when the slab
73 allocates pages from the page allocator.
75 Thus, proper usage requires determining which function in an allocation call
76 stack should be tagged. There are many helper functions that essentially wrap
77 e.g. kmalloc() and do a little more work, then are called in multiple places;
78 we'll generally want the accounting to happen in the callers of these helpers,
79 not in the helpers themselves.
81 To fix up a given helper, for example foo(), do the following:
82 - switch its allocation call to the _noprof() version, e.g. kmalloc_noprof()
84 - rename it to foo_noprof()
86 - define a macro version of foo() like so:
88 #define foo(...) alloc_hooks(foo_noprof(__VA_ARGS__))
90 It's also possible to stash a pointer to an alloc tag in your own data structures.
92 Do this when you're implementing a generic data structure that does allocations
93 "on behalf of" some other code - for example, the rhashtable code. This way,
94 instead of seeing a large line in /proc/allocinfo for rhashtable.c, we can
95 break it out by rhashtable type.
98 - Hook your data structure's init function, like any other allocation function.
100 - Within your init function, use the convenience macro alloc_tag_record() to
101 record alloc tag in your data structure.
103 - Then, use the following form for your allocations:
104 alloc_hooks_tag(ht->your_saved_tag, kmalloc_noprof(...))