11 This file records the order in which modules appear in Makefiles. This
12 is used by modprobe to deterministically resolve aliases that match
17 This file lists all modules that are built into the kernel. This is used
18 by modprobe to not fail when trying to load something builtin.
20 modules.builtin.modinfo
21 -----------------------
22 This file contains modinfo from all modules that are built into the kernel.
23 Unlike modinfo of a separate module, all fields are prefixed with module name.
25 modules.builtin.ranges
26 ----------------------
27 This file contains address offset ranges (per ELF section) for all modules
28 that are built into the kernel. Together with System.map, it can be used
29 to associate module names with symbols.
36 Additional options to pass when preprocessing. The preprocessing options
37 will be used in all cases where kbuild does preprocessing including
38 building C files and assembler files.
42 Additional options to the assembler (for built-in and modules).
46 Additional assembler options for modules.
50 Additional assembler options for built-in.
54 Additional options to the C compiler (for built-in and modules).
58 Additional options to the Rust compiler (for built-in and modules).
62 Additional options for $(CC) when used to compile
63 code that is compiled as built-in.
67 Additional module specific options to use for $(CC).
71 Additional options for $(RUSTC) when used to compile
72 code that is compiled as built-in.
76 Additional module specific options to use for $(RUSTC).
80 Additional options used for $(LD) when linking modules.
84 Additional flags to be passed to $(HOSTCC) when building host programs.
88 Additional flags to be passed to $(HOSTCXX) when building host programs.
92 Additional flags to be passed to $(HOSTRUSTC) when building host programs.
96 Additional flags to be passed when linking host programs.
100 Additional libraries to link against when building host programs.
106 Additional options used for $(CC) when compiling userprogs.
110 Additional options used for $(LD) when linking userprogs. userprogs are linked
111 with CC, so $(USERLDFLAGS) should include "-Wl," prefix as applicable.
115 Set the top-level Kconfig file to the value of this environment
116 variable. The default name is "Kconfig".
120 Set the kbuild verbosity. Can be assigned same values as "V=...".
122 See make help for the full list.
124 Setting "V=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_VERBOSE.
128 Set the directory to look for the kernel source when building external
131 Setting "M=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_EXTMOD.
135 Specify the output directory when building the kernel.
137 This variable can also be used to point to the kernel output directory when
138 building external modules against a pre-built kernel in a separate build
139 directory. Please note that this does NOT specify the output directory for the
140 external modules themselves.
142 The output directory can also be specified using "O=...".
144 Setting "O=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_OUTPUT.
148 Specify the extra build checks. The same value can be assigned by passing
149 W=... from the command line.
151 See `make help` for the list of the supported values.
153 Setting "W=..." takes precedence over KBUILD_EXTRA_WARN.
157 For the deb-pkg target, allows overriding the normal heuristics deployed by
158 deb-pkg. Normally deb-pkg attempts to guess the right architecture based on
159 the UTS_MACHINE variable, and on some architectures also the kernel config.
160 The value of KBUILD_DEBARCH is assumed (not checked) to be a valid Debian
165 Specify extra (warning/error) flags for kernel-doc checks during the build,
166 see scripts/kernel-doc for which flags are supported. Note that this doesn't
167 (currently) apply to documentation builds.
171 Set ARCH to the architecture to be built.
173 In most cases the name of the architecture is the same as the
174 directory name found in the arch/ directory.
176 But some architectures such as x86 and sparc have aliases.
178 - x86: i386 for 32 bit, x86_64 for 64 bit
179 - parisc: parisc64 for 64 bit
180 - sparc: sparc32 for 32 bit, sparc64 for 64 bit
184 Specify an optional fixed part of the binutils filename.
185 CROSS_COMPILE can be a part of the filename or the full path.
187 CROSS_COMPILE is also used for ccache in some setups.
191 Additional options for sparse.
193 CF is often used on the command-line like this::
195 make CF=-Wbitwise C=2
199 INSTALL_PATH specifies where to place the updated kernel and system map
200 images. Default is /boot, but you can set it to other values.
204 Install script called when using "make install".
205 The default name is "installkernel".
207 The script will be called with the following arguments:
209 - $1 - kernel version
210 - $2 - kernel image file
211 - $3 - kernel map file
212 - $4 - default install path (use root directory if blank)
214 The implementation of "make install" is architecture specific
215 and it may differ from the above.
217 INSTALLKERNEL is provided to enable the possibility to
218 specify a custom installer when cross compiling a kernel.
222 Specify where to install modules.
223 The default value is::
225 $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)
227 The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored.
231 INSTALL_MOD_PATH specifies a prefix to MODLIB for module directory
232 relocations required by build roots. This is not defined in the
233 makefile but the argument can be passed to make if needed.
237 INSTALL_MOD_STRIP, if defined, will cause modules to be
238 stripped after they are installed. If INSTALL_MOD_STRIP is '1', then
239 the default option --strip-debug will be used. Otherwise,
240 INSTALL_MOD_STRIP value will be used as the options to the strip command.
244 INSTALL_HDR_PATH specifies where to install user space headers when
245 executing "make headers_*".
247 The default value is::
251 $(objtree) is the directory where output files are saved.
252 The output directory is often set using "O=..." on the commandline.
254 The value can be overridden in which case the default value is ignored.
258 INSTALL_DTBS_PATH specifies where to install device tree blobs for
259 relocations required by build roots. This is not defined in the
260 makefile but the argument can be passed to make if needed.
263 --------------------------------------------------
264 Kbuild uses a relative path to point to the tree when possible. For instance,
265 when building in the source tree, the source tree path is '.'
267 Setting this flag requests Kbuild to use absolute path to the source tree.
268 There are some useful cases to do so, like when generating tag files with
269 absolute path entries etc.
273 This variable allows a passphrase or PIN to be passed to the sign-file
274 utility when signing kernel modules, if the private key requires such.
278 KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN can be set to avoid errors in case of undefined
279 symbols in the final module linking stage. It changes such errors
282 KBUILD_MODPOST_NOFINAL
283 ----------------------
284 KBUILD_MODPOST_NOFINAL can be set to skip the final link of modules.
285 This is solely useful to speed up test compiles.
289 For modules that use symbols from other modules.
290 See more details in modules.rst.
294 For tags/TAGS/cscope targets, you can specify more than one arch
295 to be included in the databases, separated by blank space. E.g.::
297 $ make ALLSOURCE_ARCHS="x86 mips arm" tags
299 To get all available archs you can also specify all. E.g.::
301 $ make ALLSOURCE_ARCHS=all tags
305 For tags/TAGS/cscope targets, you can choose which directories won't
306 be included in the databases, separated by blank space. E.g.::
308 $ make IGNORE_DIRS="drivers/gpu/drm/radeon tools" cscope
310 KBUILD_BUILD_TIMESTAMP
311 ----------------------
312 Setting this to a date string overrides the timestamp used in the
313 UTS_VERSION definition (uname -v in the running kernel). The value has to
314 be a string that can be passed to date -d. The default value
315 is the output of the date command at one point during build.
317 KBUILD_BUILD_USER, KBUILD_BUILD_HOST
318 ------------------------------------
319 These two variables allow to override the user@host string displayed during
320 boot and in /proc/version. The default value is the output of the commands
321 whoami and host, respectively.
325 If this variable is set to 1, Kbuild will use Clang and LLVM utilities instead
326 of GCC and GNU binutils to build the kernel.