1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
4 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
6 * Enhanced CPU detection and feature setting code by Mike Jagdis
7 * and Martin Mares, November 1997.
11 #include <linux/export.h>
12 #include <linux/threads.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/linkage.h>
15 #include <asm/segment.h>
16 #include <asm/page_types.h>
17 #include <asm/pgtable_types.h>
18 #include <asm/cache.h>
19 #include <asm/thread_info.h>
20 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
21 #include <asm/setup.h>
22 #include <asm/processor-flags.h>
23 #include <asm/msr-index.h>
24 #include <asm/cpufeatures.h>
25 #include <asm/percpu.h>
27 #include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
28 #include <asm/bootparam.h>
29 #include <asm/pgtable_32.h>
31 /* Physical address */
32 #define pa(X) ((X) - __PAGE_OFFSET)
35 * References to members of the new_cpu_data structure.
38 #define X86 new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_x86
39 #define X86_VENDOR new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_x86_vendor
40 #define X86_MODEL new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_x86_model
41 #define X86_STEPPING new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_x86_stepping
42 #define X86_HARD_MATH new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_hard_math
43 #define X86_CPUID new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_cpuid_level
44 #define X86_CAPABILITY new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_x86_capability
45 #define X86_VENDOR_ID new_cpu_data+CPUINFO_x86_vendor_id
48 * Worst-case size of the kernel mapping we need to make:
49 * a relocatable kernel can live anywhere in lowmem, so we need to be able
50 * to map all of lowmem.
52 KERNEL_PAGES = LOWMEM_PAGES
54 INIT_MAP_SIZE = PAGE_TABLE_SIZE(KERNEL_PAGES) * PAGE_SIZE
55 RESERVE_BRK(pagetables, INIT_MAP_SIZE)
58 * 32-bit kernel entrypoint; only used by the boot CPU. On entry,
59 * %esi points to the real-mode code as a 32-bit pointer.
60 * CS and DS must be 4 GB flat segments, but we don't depend on
61 * any particular GDT layout, because we load our own as soon as we
65 SYM_CODE_START(startup_32)
66 movl pa(initial_stack),%ecx
69 * Set segments to known values.
71 lgdt pa(boot_gdt_descr)
72 movl $(__BOOT_DS),%eax
78 leal -__PAGE_OFFSET(%ecx),%esp
81 * Clear BSS first so that there are no surprises...
85 movl $pa(__bss_start),%edi
86 movl $pa(__bss_stop),%ecx
91 * Copy bootup parameters out of the way.
92 * Note: %esi still has the pointer to the real-mode data.
93 * With the kexec as boot loader, parameter segment might be loaded beyond
94 * kernel image and might not even be addressable by early boot page tables.
95 * (kexec on panic case). Hence copy out the parameters before initializing
98 movl $pa(boot_params),%edi
99 movl $(PARAM_SIZE/4),%ecx
103 movl pa(boot_params) + NEW_CL_POINTER,%esi
105 jz 1f # No command line
106 movl $pa(boot_command_line),%edi
107 movl $(COMMAND_LINE_SIZE/4),%ecx
113 /* save OFW's pgdir table for later use when calling into OFW */
115 movl %eax, pa(olpc_ofw_pgd)
118 /* Create early pagetables. */
119 call mk_early_pgtbl_32
121 /* Do early initialization of the fixmap area */
122 movl $pa(initial_pg_fixmap)+PDE_IDENT_ATTR,%eax
123 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
124 #define KPMDS (((-__PAGE_OFFSET) >> 30) & 3) /* Number of kernel PMDs */
125 movl %eax,pa(initial_pg_pmd+0x1000*KPMDS-8)
127 movl %eax,pa(initial_page_table+0xffc)
131 SYM_CODE_END(startup_32)
134 * Non-boot CPU entry point; entered from trampoline.S
135 * We can't lgdt here, because lgdt itself uses a data segment, but
136 * we know the trampoline has already loaded the boot_gdt for us.
138 * If cpu hotplug is not supported then this code can go in init section
139 * which will be freed later
141 SYM_FUNC_START(startup_32_smp)
143 movl $(__BOOT_DS),%eax
148 movl pa(initial_stack),%ecx
150 leal -__PAGE_OFFSET(%ecx),%esp
153 movl $(CR0_STATE & ~X86_CR0_PG),%eax
157 * We want to start out with EFLAGS unambiguously cleared. Some BIOSes leave
158 * bits like NT set. This would confuse the debugger if this code is traced. So
159 * initialize them properly now before switching to protected mode. That means
160 * DF in particular (even though we have cleared it earlier after copying the
161 * command line) because GCC expects it.
167 * New page tables may be in 4Mbyte page mode and may be using the global pages.
169 * NOTE! If we are on a 486 we may have no cr4 at all! Specifically, cr4 exists
170 * if and only if CPUID exists and has flags other than the FPU flag set.
172 movl $-1,pa(X86_CPUID) # preset CPUID level
173 movl $X86_EFLAGS_ID,%ecx
175 popfl # set EFLAGS=ID
177 popl %eax # get EFLAGS
178 testl $X86_EFLAGS_ID,%eax # did EFLAGS.ID remained set?
179 jz .Lenable_paging # hw disallowed setting of ID bit
180 # which means no CPUID and no CR4
184 movl %eax,pa(X86_CPUID) # save largest std CPUID function
188 andl $~1,%edx # Ignore CPUID.FPU
189 jz .Lenable_paging # No flags or only CPUID.FPU = no CR4
191 movl pa(mmu_cr4_features),%eax
194 testb $X86_CR4_PAE, %al # check if PAE is enabled
197 /* Check if extended functions are implemented */
198 movl $0x80000000, %eax
200 /* Value must be in the range 0x80000001 to 0x8000ffff */
201 subl $0x80000001, %eax
202 cmpl $(0x8000ffff-0x80000001), %eax
205 /* Clear bogus XD_DISABLE bits */
208 mov $0x80000001, %eax
210 /* Execute Disable bit supported? */
211 btl $(X86_FEATURE_NX & 31), %edx
214 /* Setup EFER (Extended Feature Enable Register) */
219 /* Make changes effective */
227 movl $pa(initial_page_table), %eax
228 movl %eax,%cr3 /* set the page table pointer.. */
230 movl %eax,%cr0 /* ..and set paging (PG) bit */
231 ljmp $__BOOT_CS,$1f /* Clear prefetch and normalize %eip */
233 /* Shift the stack pointer to a virtual address */
234 addl $__PAGE_OFFSET, %esp
239 movb $4,X86 # at least 486
243 /* get vendor info */
244 xorl %eax,%eax # call CPUID with 0 -> return vendor ID
246 movl %eax,X86_CPUID # save CPUID level
247 movl %ebx,X86_VENDOR_ID # lo 4 chars
248 movl %edx,X86_VENDOR_ID+4 # next 4 chars
249 movl %ecx,X86_VENDOR_ID+8 # last 4 chars
251 orl %eax,%eax # do we have processor info as well?
254 movl $1,%eax # Use the CPUID instruction to get CPU type
256 movb %al,%cl # save reg for future use
257 andb $0x0f,%ah # mask processor family
259 andb $0xf0,%al # mask model
262 andb $0x0f,%cl # mask mask revision
263 movb %cl,X86_STEPPING
264 movl %edx,X86_CAPABILITY
267 movl $0x50022,%ecx # set AM, WP, NE and MP
269 andl $0x80000011,%eax # Save PG,PE,ET
274 ljmp $(__KERNEL_CS),$1f
275 1: movl $(__KERNEL_DS),%eax # reload all the segment registers
276 movl %eax,%ss # after changing gdt.
278 movl $(__USER_DS),%eax # DS/ES contains default USER segment
282 movl $(__KERNEL_PERCPU), %eax
283 movl %eax,%fs # set this cpu's percpu
286 movl %eax,%gs # clear possible garbage in %gs
288 xorl %eax,%eax # Clear LDT
293 SYM_FUNC_END(startup_32_smp)
295 #include "verify_cpu.S"
298 SYM_FUNC_START(early_idt_handler_array)
302 # 24(%rsp) error code
304 .rept NUM_EXCEPTION_VECTORS
305 .if ((EXCEPTION_ERRCODE_MASK >> i) & 1) == 0
306 pushl $0 # Dummy error code, to make stack frame uniform
308 pushl $i # 20(%esp) Vector number
309 jmp early_idt_handler_common
311 .fill early_idt_handler_array + i*EARLY_IDT_HANDLER_SIZE - ., 1, 0xcc
313 SYM_FUNC_END(early_idt_handler_array)
315 SYM_CODE_START_LOCAL(early_idt_handler_common)
317 * The stack is the hardware frame, an error code or zero, and the
322 incl %ss:early_recursion_flag
324 /* The vector number is in pt_regs->gs */
327 pushl %fs /* pt_regs->fs (__fsh varies by model) */
328 pushl %es /* pt_regs->es (__esh varies by model) */
329 pushl %ds /* pt_regs->ds (__dsh varies by model) */
330 pushl %eax /* pt_regs->ax */
331 pushl %ebp /* pt_regs->bp */
332 pushl %edi /* pt_regs->di */
333 pushl %esi /* pt_regs->si */
334 pushl %edx /* pt_regs->dx */
335 pushl %ecx /* pt_regs->cx */
336 pushl %ebx /* pt_regs->bx */
338 /* Fix up DS and ES */
339 movl $(__KERNEL_DS), %ecx
343 /* Load the vector number into EDX */
344 movl PT_GS(%esp), %edx
346 /* Load GS into pt_regs->gs (and maybe clobber __gsh) */
347 movw %gs, PT_GS(%esp)
349 movl %esp, %eax /* args are pt_regs (EAX), trapnr (EDX) */
350 call early_fixup_exception
352 popl %ebx /* pt_regs->bx */
353 popl %ecx /* pt_regs->cx */
354 popl %edx /* pt_regs->dx */
355 popl %esi /* pt_regs->si */
356 popl %edi /* pt_regs->di */
357 popl %ebp /* pt_regs->bp */
358 popl %eax /* pt_regs->ax */
359 popl %ds /* pt_regs->ds (always ignores __dsh) */
360 popl %es /* pt_regs->es (always ignores __esh) */
361 popl %fs /* pt_regs->fs (always ignores __fsh) */
362 popl %gs /* pt_regs->gs (always ignores __gsh) */
363 decl %ss:early_recursion_flag
364 addl $4, %esp /* pop pt_regs->orig_ax */
366 SYM_CODE_END(early_idt_handler_common)
368 /* This is the default interrupt "handler" :-) */
369 SYM_FUNC_START(early_ignore_irq)
377 movl $(__KERNEL_DS),%eax
380 cmpl $2,early_recursion_flag
382 incl early_recursion_flag
404 SYM_FUNC_END(early_ignore_irq)
408 SYM_DATA(early_recursion_flag, .long 0)
412 SYM_DATA(initial_code, .long i386_start_kernel)
414 #ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
415 #define PGD_ALIGN (2 * PAGE_SIZE)
416 #define PTI_USER_PGD_FILL 1024
418 #define PGD_ALIGN (PAGE_SIZE)
419 #define PTI_USER_PGD_FILL 0
426 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
427 .globl initial_pg_pmd
431 .globl initial_page_table
438 .globl swapper_pg_dir
442 .fill PTI_USER_PGD_FILL,4,0
443 .globl empty_zero_page
446 EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page)
449 * This starts the data section.
451 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
453 /* Page-aligned for the benefit of paravirt? */
455 SYM_DATA_START(initial_page_table)
456 .long pa(initial_pg_pmd+PGD_IDENT_ATTR),0 /* low identity map */
458 .long pa(initial_pg_pmd+PGD_IDENT_ATTR),0
459 .long pa(initial_pg_pmd+PGD_IDENT_ATTR+0x1000),0
460 .long pa(initial_pg_pmd+PGD_IDENT_ATTR+0x2000),0
463 .long pa(initial_pg_pmd+PGD_IDENT_ATTR),0
464 .long pa(initial_pg_pmd+PGD_IDENT_ATTR+0x1000),0
468 .long pa(initial_pg_pmd+PGD_IDENT_ATTR),0
470 # error "Kernel PMDs should be 1, 2 or 3"
472 .align PAGE_SIZE /* needs to be page-sized too */
474 #ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
476 * PTI needs another page so sync_initial_pagetable() works correctly
477 * and does not scribble over the data which is placed behind the
478 * actual initial_page_table. See clone_pgd_range().
483 SYM_DATA_END(initial_page_table)
488 SYM_DATA(initial_stack, .long __top_init_kernel_stack)
492 .asciz "Unknown interrupt or fault at: %p %p %p\n"
494 #include "../xen/xen-head.S"
497 * The IDT and GDT 'descriptors' are a strange 48-bit object
498 * only used by the lidt and lgdt instructions. They are not
499 * like usual segment descriptors - they consist of a 16-bit
500 * segment size, and 32-bit linear address value:
505 # early boot GDT descriptor (must use 1:1 address mapping)
506 .word 0 # 32 bit align gdt_desc.address
507 SYM_DATA_START_LOCAL(boot_gdt_descr)
509 .long boot_gdt - __PAGE_OFFSET
510 SYM_DATA_END(boot_gdt_descr)
512 # boot GDT descriptor (later on used by CPU#0):
513 .word 0 # 32 bit align gdt_desc.address
514 SYM_DATA_START(early_gdt_descr)
515 .word GDT_ENTRIES*8-1
516 .long gdt_page /* Overwritten for secondary CPUs */
517 SYM_DATA_END(early_gdt_descr)
520 * The boot_gdt must mirror the equivalent in setup.S and is
521 * used only for booting.
523 .align L1_CACHE_BYTES
524 SYM_DATA_START(boot_gdt)
525 .fill GDT_ENTRY_BOOT_CS,8,0
526 .quad 0x00cf9a000000ffff /* kernel 4GB code at 0x00000000 */
527 .quad 0x00cf92000000ffff /* kernel 4GB data at 0x00000000 */
528 SYM_DATA_END(boot_gdt)