1 ! Copyright (C) 2007, 2008 Slava Pestov.
2 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
3 USING: help.markup help.syntax quotations kernel io io.files
7 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.command" "Specifying a command"
8 "The " { $snippet "command" } " slot of a " { $link process } " can contain either a string or a sequence of strings. In the first case, the string is processed in an operating system-specific manner. In the second case, the first element is a program name and the remaining elements are passed to the program as command-line arguments." ;
10 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.detached" "Running processes in the background"
11 "By default, " { $link run-process } " waits for the process to complete. To run a process without waiting for it to finish, set the " { $snippet "detached" } " slot of a " { $link process } ", or use the following word:"
12 { $subsection run-detached } ;
14 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.environment" "Setting environment variables"
15 "The " { $snippet "environment" } " slot of a " { $link process } " contains an association mapping environment variable names to values. The interpretation of environment variables is operating system-specific."
17 "The " { $snippet "environment-mode" } " slot controls how the environment of the current Factor instance is composed with the value of the " { $snippet "environment" } " slot:"
18 { $subsection +prepend-environment+ }
19 { $subsection +replace-environment+ }
20 { $subsection +append-environment+ }
21 "The default value is " { $link +append-environment+ } "." ;
23 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.redirection" "Input/output redirection"
24 "On all operating systems except for Windows CE, the default input/output/error streams can be redirected."
26 "To specify redirection, set the " { $snippet "stdin" } ", " { $snippet "stdout" } " and " { $snippet "stderr" } " slots of a " { $link process } " to one of the following values:"
28 { { $link f } " - default value; the stream is either inherited from the current process, or is a " { $link <process-stream> } " pipe" }
29 { { $link +closed+ } " - the stream is closed; reads will return end of file and writes will fails" }
30 { { $link +stdout+ } " - a special value for the " { $snippet "stderr" } " slot only, indicating that the standard output and standard error streams should be merged" }
31 { "a path name - the stream is sent to the given file, which must exist for input and is created automatically on output" }
32 { "an " { $link appender } " wrapping a path name - output is sent to the end given file, as with " { $link <file-appender> } }
33 { "a file stream or a socket - the stream is connected to the given Factor stream, which cannot be used again from within Factor and must be closed after the process has been started" }
36 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.priority" "Setting process priority"
37 "The priority of the child process can be set by storing one of the below symbols in the " { $snippet "priority" } " slot of a " { $link process } " tuple:"
39 { $link +lowest-priority+ }
40 { $link +low-priority+ }
41 { $link +normal-priority+ }
42 { $link +high-priority+ }
43 { $link +highest-priority+ }
45 "The default value is " { $link f } ", which denotes that the child process should inherit the current process priority." ;
48 { $description "Possible value for the " { $snippet "stdin" } ", " { $snippet "stdout" } ", and " { $snippet "stderr" } " slots of a " { $link process } "." } ;
51 { $description "Possible value for the " { $snippet "stderr" } " slot of a " { $link process } "." } ;
54 { $class-description "An object representing a file to append to. Instances are created with " { $link <appender> } "." } ;
57 { $values { "path" "a pathname string" } { "appender" appender } }
58 { $description "Creates an object which may be stored in the " { $snippet "stdout" } " or " { $snippet "stderr" } " slot of a " { $link process } " instance." } ;
60 HELP: +prepend-environment+
61 { $description "Possible value of " { $snippet "environment-mode" } " slot of a " { $link process } "."
63 "If this value is set, the child process environment consists of the value of the " { $snippet "environment" } " slot together with the current environment, with entries from the current environment taking precedence."
65 "This is used in situations where you want to spawn a child process with some default environment variables set, but allowing the user to override these defaults by changing the environment before launching Factor." } ;
67 HELP: +replace-environment+
68 { $description "Possible value of " { $snippet "environment-mode" } " slot of a " { $link process } "."
70 "The child process environment consists of the value of the " { $snippet "environment" } " slot."
72 "This is used in situations where you want full control over a child process environment, perhaps for security or testing." } ;
74 HELP: +append-environment+
75 { $description "Possible value of " { $snippet "environment-mode" } " slot of a " { $link process } "."
77 "The child process environment consists of the current environment together with the value of the " { $snippet "environment" } " key, with entries from the " { $snippet "environment" } " key taking precedence."
79 "This is used in situations where you want a spawn child process with some overridden environment variables." } ;
81 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.timeouts" "Process run-time timeouts"
82 "The " { $snippet "timeout" } " slot of a " { $link process } " can be set to a " { $link duration } " specifying a maximum running time for the process. If " { $link wait-for-process } " is called and the process does not exit before the duration expires, it will be killed." ;
85 { $values { "process" process } { "env" "an association" } }
86 { $description "Combines the current environment with the value of the " { $snippet "environment" } " slot of the " { $link process } " using the " { $snippet "environment-mode" } " slot." } ;
88 HELP: current-process-handle
89 { $values { "handle" "a process handle" } }
90 { $description "Returns the handle of the current process." } ;
93 { $values { "process" process } { "handle" "a process handle" } }
94 { $contract "Launches a process." }
95 { $notes "User code should call " { $link run-process } " instead." } ;
98 { $values { "desc" "a launch descriptor" } { "process" process } }
99 { $description "Launches a process. The object can either be a string, a sequence of strings or a " { $link process } ". See " { $link "io.launcher.descriptors" } " for details." }
100 { $notes "The output value can be passed to " { $link wait-for-process } " to get an exit code." } ;
103 { $values { "desc" "a launch descriptor" } { "process" process } }
104 { $contract "Launches a process without waiting for it to complete. The object can either be a string, a sequence of strings or a " { $link process } ". See " { $link "io.launcher.descriptors" } " for details." }
106 "This word is functionally identical to passing a " { $link process } " to " { $link run-process } " having the " { $snippet "detached" } " slot set."
108 "The output value can be passed to " { $link wait-for-process } " to get an exit code."
112 { $values { "code" "an exit status" } }
113 { $description "Throws a " { $link process-failed } " error." }
114 { $error-description "Thrown by " { $link try-process } " if the process exited with a non-zero status code." } ;
117 { $values { "desc" "a launch descriptor" } }
118 { $description "Launches a process and waits for it to complete. If it exits with a non-zero status code, throws a " { $link process-failed } " error." } ;
120 { run-process try-process run-detached } related-words
123 { $values { "process" process } }
124 { $description "Kills a running process. Does nothing if the process has already exited." } ;
127 { $values { "handle" "a process handle" } }
128 { $contract "Kills a running process." }
129 { $notes "User code should call " { $link kill-process } " intead." } ;
132 { $class-description "A class representing a process. Instances are created by calling " { $link <process> } "." } ;
135 { $values { "process" process } }
136 { $description "Creates a new, empty process. It must be filled in before being passed to " { $link run-process } "." } ;
138 HELP: <process-stream>
140 { "desc" "a launch descriptor" }
141 { "encoding" "an encoding descriptor" }
142 { "stream" "a bidirectional stream" } }
143 { $description "Launches a process and redirects its input and output via a pair of pipes which may be read and written as a stream of the given encoding." } ;
145 HELP: wait-for-process
146 { $values { "process" process } { "status" object } }
147 { $description "If the process is still running, waits for it to exit, otherwise outputs the status code immediately. Can be called multiple times on the same process." }
148 { $notes "The status code is operating system specific; it may be an integer, or another object (the latter is the case on Unix if the process was killed by a signal). However, one cross-platform behavior code can rely on is that a status code of 0 indicates success." } ;
150 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.descriptors" "Launch descriptors"
151 "Words which launch processes can take either a command line string, a sequence of command line arguments, or a " { $link process } "."
153 "Strings and string arrays are wrapped in a new empty " { $link process } " with the " { $snippet "command" } " slot set. This covers basic use-cases where no launch parameters need to be set."
155 "A " { $link process } " instance can be created directly and passed to launching words for more control. It must be a fresh instance which has never been spawned before. To spawn a process several times from the same descriptor, " { $link clone } " the descriptor first." ;
157 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.lifecycle" "The process lifecycle"
158 "A freshly instantiated " { $link process } " represents a set of launch parameters."
159 { $subsection process }
160 { $subsection <process> }
161 "Words for launching processes take a fresh process which has never been started before as input, and output a copy as output."
162 { $subsection process-started? }
163 "The " { $link process } " instance output by launching words contains all original slot values in addition to the " { $snippet "handle" } " slot, which indicates the process is currently running."
164 { $subsection process-running? }
165 "It is possible to wait for a process to exit:"
166 { $subsection wait-for-process }
167 "A running process can also be killed:"
168 { $subsection kill-process } ;
170 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.launch" "Launching processes"
171 "Launching processes:"
172 { $subsection run-process }
173 { $subsection try-process }
174 { $subsection run-detached }
175 "Redirecting standard input and output to a pipe:"
176 { $subsection <process-reader> }
177 { $subsection <process-writer> }
178 { $subsection <process-stream> } ;
180 ARTICLE: "io.launcher.examples" "Launcher examples"
181 "Starting a command and waiting for it to finish:"
183 "\"ls /etc\" run-process"
185 "Starting a program in the background:"
187 "{ \"emacs\" \"foo.txt\" } run-detached"
189 "Running a command, throwing an exception if it exits unsuccessfully:"
191 "\"make clean all\" try-process"
193 "Running a command, throwing an exception if it exits unsuccessfully or if it takes too long to run:"
196 " \"make test\" >>command"
197 " 5 minutes >>timeout"
200 "Running a command, throwing an exception if it exits unsuccessfully, and redirecting output and error messages to a log file:"
203 " \"make clean all\" >>command"
204 " \"log.txt\" >>stdout"
208 "Running a command, appending error messages to a log file, and reading the output for further processing:"
210 "\"log.txt\" <file-appender> ["
213 " \"report\" >>command"
214 " ascii <process-reader> lines sort reverse [ print ] each"
218 ARTICLE: "io.launcher" "Operating system processes"
219 "The " { $vocab-link "io.launcher" } " vocabulary implements cross-platform process launching."
220 { $subsection "io.launcher.examples" }
221 { $subsection "io.launcher.descriptors" }
222 { $subsection "io.launcher.launch" }
224 { $subsection "io.launcher.lifecycle" }
225 { $subsection "io.launcher.command" }
226 { $subsection "io.launcher.detached" }
227 { $subsection "io.launcher.environment" }
228 { $subsection "io.launcher.redirection" }
229 { $subsection "io.launcher.priority" }
230 { $subsection "io.launcher.timeouts" } ;