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32 .Nd System V Release 4 ABI support
34 To compile support for this ABI into the kernel,
35 place the following line in your
36 kernel configuration file:
37 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
38 .Cd "options COMPAT_SVR4"
41 Alternatively, to load the ABI as a
42 module at boot time, place the following line in
44 .Bd -literal -offset indent
50 module provides limited
51 System V Release 4 ABI (application binary interface) compatibility
52 for userland applications.
53 The module provides the following significant facilities:
61 Special signal handling for activated images
63 SVR4 to native system call translation
65 STREAMS network API emulation (via the
67 loadable module, or by means of
69 in a kernel configuration file)
75 calls, or, where no such mappings exist, reverse-engineered implementations
79 It is important to note that the SVR4 ABI support
80 it not provided through an emulator.
81 Rather, a true (albeit limited) "clean room" reverse-engineered ABI
82 implementation is provided.
84 Because the provided ABI has been developed in ignorance of actual SVR4
85 source code, there are bound to be unforeseen interactions between SVR4
86 client applications and the emulated ABI which cause applications to
89 Additionally, some SVR4 operating systems do not adhere to the SVR4
91 In particular, Solaris does not set the ELF interpreter field in the
92 ELF header to a value which would allow the kernel to correctly
93 identify a client executable as an SVR4 application.
94 Thus, in certain instances it is necessary to use the
96 utility to explicitly brand the executable, or to set the
97 kern.fallback_elf_brand
99 variable to define a "default" ABI for unbranded executables.
100 Value ELFOSABI_SOLARIS represents Solaris; ELFOSABI_SYSV represents other
101 SysVR4 operating systems.
104 for ELFOSABI branding definitions, and
106 for information on branding executables.
110 module can be linked into the kernel statically with the
112 kernel configuration option
113 or loaded as required.
114 The following command will load the module
115 if it is neither linked into the kernel
116 nor already loaded as a module:
117 .Bd -literal -offset indent
118 if ! kldstat -v | grep -E 'svr4elf' > /dev/null; then
119 kldload svr4 > /dev/null 2>&1
124 will check for the presence of the
126 module, and load it if necessary.
128 Note that dynamically linked SVR4 executables
129 will require a suitable environment in
132 For information on loading the
134 kernel loadable module automatically on system startup,
137 This information applies
138 regardless of whether the
140 module is statically linked into the kernel
141 or loaded as a module.
143 STREAMS emulation is limited but (largely) functional.
146 module is loaded, a STREAMS handle can be obtained by opening one of the
150 .Pa /compat/svr4/dev .
153 driver produces a socket descriptor and
155 it with additional STREAMS
156 state information before returning it to the client application.
159 environment uses the additional state information to recognize and
160 manipulate emulated STREAMS handles when STREAMS-specific
164 The subset of STREAMS functionality which is provided is small, probably
165 little more than what is required to enable programs on the Solaris CD
168 .Bl -tag -width /sys/compat/svr4/syscalls.master -compact
170 minimal SVR4 run-time environment
171 .It Pa /sys/compat/svr4/syscalls.master
172 mappings between SVR4 syscalls and
181 System V Release 4 ABI support first appeared in
183 The ABI was ported from an equivalent facility present in
185 written by Christos Zoulas.
187 Emulation of signal handlers is buggy.
189 Emulated connectionless STREAMS fail to receive data from the network in
190 some circumstances (but succeed in others -- probably due to particular
191 ways of initializing them which the
193 module is mishandling, and interaction between STREAMS and
195 Connection-oriented STREAMS appear to be functional.
197 Ironically, this SVR4 emulator does not (yet) support SVR4 semaphores or
201 to automatically create the
203 environment do not exist.
205 archives containing pre-populated trees can be obtained from
206 .Pa http://people.FreeBSD.org/~newton/freebsd-svr4/ .
208 Extensive testing has only really been carried out with Solaris 2.x binaries,
209 with anecdotal reports of limited success coming from testers with
210 early-revision SCO media.
211 In theory, the basic SVR4 ABI should be constant
212 across the set of vendors who produce SVR4 operating systems, but in
213 practice that is probably not the case.
214 If necessary, future work can
215 either implement additional
217 modules which produce functionality which contains OS-dependent
218 departures from the behaviour which has been implemented in this
222 variables could set the
224 the environment should present to