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33 .Nd CAM SCSI subsystem
42 .Cd "options CAMDEBUG"
43 .Cd "options CAM_DEBUG_BUS=-1"
44 .Cd "options CAM_DEBUG_TARGET=-1"
45 .Cd "options CAM_DEBUG_LUN=-1"
46 .Cd "options CAM_DEBUG_FLAGS=CAM_DEBUG_INFO|CAM_DEBUG_CDB"
47 .Cd "options CAM_MAX_HIGHPOWER=4"
48 .Cd "options SCSI_NO_SENSE_STRINGS"
49 .Cd "options SCSI_NO_OP_STRINGS"
50 .Cd "options SCSI_DELAY=8000"
54 subsystem provides a uniform and modular system for the implementation
55 of drivers to control various
57 devices, and to utilize different
59 host adapters through host adapter drivers.
60 When the system probes the
62 busses, it attaches any devices it finds to the appropriate
66 driver, if it is configured in the kernel, will attach to all
69 .Sh KERNEL CONFIGURATION
70 There are a number of generic kernel configuration options for the
74 .Bl -tag -width SCSI_NO_SENSE_STRINGS
76 This option enables the CAM debugging printf code.
77 This will not actually
78 cause any debugging information to be printed out when included by itself.
79 Enabling printouts requires additional configuration.
80 See below for details.
81 .It Dv "CAM_MAX_HIGHPOWER=4"
82 This sets the maximum allowable number of concurrent "high power" commands.
83 A "high power" command is a command that takes more electrical power than
85 An example of this (and the only command currently
86 tagged as "high power") is the
89 Starting a SCSI disk often takes significantly more
90 electrical power than normal operation of the disk.
91 This option allows the
92 user to specify how many concurrent high power commands may be outstanding
93 without overloading the power supply on his computer.
94 .It Dv SCSI_NO_SENSE_STRINGS
95 This eliminates text descriptions of each
97 Additional Sense Code and Additional Sense Code Qualifier pair.
99 is a fairly large text database, eliminating it reduces the size of the
101 This is primarily necessary for boot floppies and other
102 low disk space or low memory space environments.
103 In most cases, though,
104 this should be enabled, since it speeds the interpretation of
107 Do not let the "kernel bloat" zealots get to you -- leave
108 the sense descriptions in your kernel!
109 .It Dv SCSI_NO_OP_STRINGS
110 This disables text descriptions of each
113 This option, like the sense string option above, is primarily
114 useful for environments like a boot floppy where kernel size is critical.
115 Enabling this option for normal use is not recommended, since it slows
119 .It Dv SCSI_DELAY=8000
123 In CAM, it is specified in
125 not seconds like the old
128 When the kernel boots, it sends a bus reset to each
130 bus to tell each device to reset itself to a default set of transfer
131 negotiations and other settings.
134 devices need some amount of time to recover from a bus reset.
136 may need as little as 100ms, while old, slow devices may need much longer.
139 is not specified, it defaults to 2 seconds.
140 The minimum allowable value for
143 One special case is that if the
145 is set to 0, that will be taken to mean the "lowest possible value."
148 will be reset to 100ms.
151 All devices and the SCSI busses support boot time allocation so that
152 an upper number of devices and controllers does not need to be configured;
154 will suffice for any number of disk drivers.
156 The devices are either
158 so they appear as a particular device unit or
160 so that they appear as the next available unused unit.
162 Units are wired down by setting kernel environment hints.
163 This is usually done either interactively from the
165 or automatically via the
166 .Pa /boot/device.hints
169 .Bd -literal -offset indent
170 hint.device.unit.property="value"
175 bus numbers can be wired down to specific controllers with
176 a config line similar to the following:
177 .Bd -literal -offset indent
178 hint.scbus.0.at="ahd1"
186 For controllers supporting more than one bus, a particular bus can be assigned
188 .Bd -literal -offset indent
189 hint.scbus.0.at="ahc1"
195 bus 0 to the bus 1 instance on
197 Peripheral drivers can be wired to a specific bus, target, and lun as so:
198 .Bd -literal -offset indent
199 hint.da.0.at="scbus0"
206 to target 0, unit (lun) 0 of scbus 0.
207 Omitting the target or unit hints will instruct CAM to treat them as wildcards
208 and use the first respective counted instances.
209 These examples can be combined together to allow a peripheral device to be
210 wired to any particular controller, bus, target, and/or unit instance.
212 When you have a mixture of wired down and counted devices then the
213 counting begins with the first non-wired down unit for a particular
215 That is, if you have a disk wired down as
217 then the first non-wired disk shall come on line as
220 The system allows common device drivers to work through many different
222 The adapters take requests from the upper layers and do
226 The maximum size of a transfer is governed by the
228 Most adapters can transfer 64KB in a single operation, however
229 many can transfer larger amounts.
231 Some adapters support
233 in which the system is capable of operating as a device, responding to
234 operations initiated by another system.
235 Target mode is supported for
236 some adapters, but is not yet complete for this version of the CAM
244 When the kernel is compiled with options CAMDEBUG, an XPT_DEBUG CCB can be
245 used to enable various amounts of tracing information on any
247 Devices not being traced will not produce trace information.
248 There are currently four debugging flags that may be turned on:
249 .Bl -tag -width CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE
250 .It Dv CAM_DEBUG_INFO
251 This debugging flag enables general informational printfs for the device
252 or devices in question.
253 .It Dv CAM_DEBUG_TRACE
254 This debugging flag enables function-level command flow tracing.
256 kernel printfs will happen at the entrance and exit of various functions.
257 .It Dv CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE
258 This debugging flag enables debugging output internal to various functions.
260 This debugging flag will cause the kernel to print out all
262 commands sent to a particular device or devices.
265 Some of these flags, most notably
268 .Dv CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE
269 will produce kernel printfs in EXTREME numbers,
270 and because of that, they are not especially useful.
271 There are not many things logged at the
273 level, so it is not especially useful.
274 The most useful debugging flag is the
277 Users can enable debugging from their kernel config file, by using
278 the following kernel config options:
279 .Bl -tag -width CAM_DEBUG_TARGET
281 This enables CAM debugging.
282 Without this option, users will not even be able
283 to turn on debugging from userland via
285 .It Dv CAM_DEBUG_FLAGS
286 This allows the user to set the various debugging flags described above
287 in a kernel config file.
288 Flags may be ORed together if the user wishes to
289 see printfs for multiple debugging levels.
291 Specify a bus to debug.
292 To debug all busses, set this to -1.
293 .It Dv CAM_DEBUG_TARGET
294 Specify a target to debug.
295 To debug all targets, set this to -1.
297 Specify a lun to debug.
298 To debug all luns, set this to -1.
301 When specifying a bus, target or lun to debug, you
303 specify all three bus/target/lun options above.
305 should be able to enable debugging on most anything.
307 Users may also enable debugging printfs on the fly, if the
309 option is their config file, by using the
331 subsystem first appeared in
337 subsystem was written by