3 .\" Copyright (c) 1996 Doug Rabson
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36 .Nd lookup a component of a pathname
42 .Fn VOP_LOOKUP "struct vnode *dvp" "struct vnode **vpp" "struct componentname *cnp"
44 This entry point looks up a single pathname component in a given directory.
49 The locked vnode of the directory to search.
51 The address of a variable where the resulting locked vnode should be stored.
53 The pathname component to be searched for.
57 is a pointer to a componentname structure defined as follows:
59 struct componentname {
61 * Arguments to lookup.
63 u_long cn_nameiop; /* namei operation */
64 u_long cn_flags; /* flags to namei */
65 struct thread *cn_thread; /* thread requesting lookup */
66 struct ucred *cn_cred; /* credentials */
68 * Shared between lookup and commit routines.
70 char *cn_pnbuf; /* pathname buffer */
71 char *cn_nameptr; /* pointer to looked up name */
72 long cn_namelen; /* length of looked up component */
73 u_long cn_hash; /* hash value of looked up name */
74 long cn_consume; /* chars to consume in lookup() */
78 Convert a component of a pathname into a pointer to a locked vnode.
79 This is a very central and rather complicated routine.
80 If the file system is not maintained in a strict tree hierarchy,
81 this can result in a deadlock situation.
91 depending on the intended use of the object.
97 is specified, information usable in
98 creating, renaming, or deleting a directory entry may be calculated.
100 Overall outline of VOP_LOOKUP:
101 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
102 Check accessibility of directory.
103 Look for name in cache, if found, then return name.
104 Search for name in directory, goto to found or notfound as appropriate.
108 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
109 If creating or renaming and at end of pathname,
112 leaving info on available slots else return
117 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
118 If at end of path and deleting, return information to allow delete.
119 If at end of path and renaming, lock target
120 inode and return info to allow rename.
121 If not at end, add name to cache; if at end and neither creating
122 nor deleting, add name to cache.
127 should be locked on entry.
128 If an error (note: the return value
130 is not considered an error)
131 is detected, it will be returned locked.
132 Otherwise, it will be unlocked unless both
138 If an entry is found in the directory, it will be returned locked.
140 Zero is returned with
142 set to the locked vnode of the file if the component is found.
143 If the component being searched for is ".", then the vnode just has
144 an extra reference added to it with
146 The caller must take care to release the locks appropriately in this
149 If the component is not found and the operation is
155 is specified and the operation would succeed, the special return value
158 Otherwise, an appropriate error code is returned.
162 vop_lookup(struct vnode *dvp,
164 struct componentname *cnp)
167 int nameiop = cnp->cn_nameiop;
168 int flags = cnp->cn_flags;
169 int lockparent = flags & LOCKPARENT;
170 int islastcn = flags & ISLASTCN;
171 struct vnode *vp = NULL;
174 * Check accessibility of directory.
176 if (dvp->v_type != VDIR)
179 error = VOP_ACCESS(dvp, VEXEC, cred, cnp->cn_thread);
183 if (islastcn && (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY) &&
184 (cnp->cn_nameiop == DELETE || cnp->cn_nameiop == RENAME))
188 * Check name cache for directory/name pair. This returns ENOENT
189 * if the name is known not to exist, -1 if the name was found, or
192 error = cache_lookup(dvp, vpp, cnp);
200 if (dvp == vp) { /* lookup on "." */
203 } else if (flags & ISDOTDOT) {
205 * We need to unlock the directory before getting
206 * the locked vnode for ".." to avoid deadlocks.
211 if (lockparent && islastcn)
212 error = VOP_LOCK(dvp);
216 if (error || !(lockparent && islastcn)) {
222 * Check that the capability number did not change
223 * while we were waiting for the lock.
226 if (vpid == vp->v_id) {
228 * dvp is locked if lockparent && islastcn.
235 if (dvp != vp && lockparent && islastcn)
240 * Re-lock dvp for the directory search below.
242 error = VOP_LOCK(dvp);
251 * Search dvp for the component cnp->cn_nameptr.
256 if ((nameiop == CREATE || nameiop == RENAME)
258 && directory dvp has not been removed) {
260 * Check for write access on directory.
264 * Possibly record the position of a slot in the directory
265 * large enough for the new component name. This can be
266 * recorded in the vnode private data for dvp.
267 * Set the SAVENAME flag to hold onto the pathname for use
268 * later in VOP_CREATE or VOP_RENAME.
270 cnp->cn_flags |= SAVENAME;
273 * Note that the extra data recorded above is only
274 * useful if lockparent is specified.
282 * Consider inserting name into cache.
284 if ((cnp->cn_flags & MAKEENTRY) && nameiop != CREATE)
285 cache_enter(dvp, NULL, cnp);
290 * If deleting, and at end of pathname, return parameters
291 * which can be used to remove file. If the wantparent flag
292 * isn't set, we return only the directory, otherwise we go on
293 * and lock the inode, being careful with ".".
295 if (nameiop == DELETE && islastcn) {
297 * Check for write access on directory.
299 error = VOP_ACCESS(dvp, VWRITE, cred, cnp->cn_thread);
303 if (found entry is same as dvp) {
309 error = VFS_VGET(dvp->v_mount, ..., &vp);
313 if (directory is sticky
315 && cred->cr_uid != owner of dvp
316 && owner of vp != cred->cr_uid) {
328 * If rewriting (RENAME), return the inode and the
329 * information required to rewrite the present directory
330 * Must get inode of directory entry to verify it's a
331 * regular file, or empty directory.
333 if (nameiop == RENAME && wantparent && islastcn) {
334 error = VOP_ACCESS(dvp, VWRITE, cred, cnp->cn_thread);
341 if (found entry is same as dvp)
344 error = VFS_VGET(dvp->v_mount, ..., &vp);
349 * Save the name for use in VOP_RENAME later.
351 cnp->cn_flags |= SAVENAME;
359 * Step through the translation in the name. We do not `vput' the
360 * directory because we may need it again if a symbolic link
361 * is relative to the current directory. Instead we save it
362 * unlocked as "pdp". We must get the target inode before unlocking
363 * the directory to insure that the inode will not be removed
364 * before we get it. We prevent deadlock by always fetching
365 * inodes from the root, moving down the directory tree. Thus
366 * when following backward pointers ".." we must unlock the
367 * parent directory before getting the requested directory.
368 * There is a potential race condition here if both the current
369 * and parent directories are removed before the VFS_VGET for the
370 * inode associated with ".." returns. We hope that this occurs
371 * infrequently since we cannot avoid this race condition without
372 * implementing a sophisticated deadlock detection algorithm.
373 * Note also that this simple deadlock detection scheme will not
374 * work if the file system has any hard links other than ".."
375 * that point backwards in the directory structure.
377 if (flags & ISDOTDOT) {
378 VOP_UNLOCK(dvp); /* race to get the inode */
379 error = VFS_VGET(dvp->v_mount, ..., &vp);
384 if (lockparent && islastcn) {
385 error = VOP_LOCK(dvp);
392 } else if (found entry is same as dvp) {
393 VREF(dvp); /* we want ourself, ie "." */
396 error = VFS_VGET(dvp->v_mount, ..., &vp);
399 if (!lockparent || !islastcn)
405 * Insert name into cache if appropriate.
407 if (cnp->cn_flags & MAKEENTRY)
408 cache_enter(dvp, *vpp, cnp);
418 does not represent a directory.
422 was not found in this directory.
424 Access for the specified operation is denied.
425 .It Bq Er EJUSTRETURN
430 operation would be successful.
446 This manual page was written by
448 with some text from comments in