git-ls-files.html

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 735 <body class="manpage">
 736 <div id="header">
 737 <h1>
 738 git-ls-files(1) Manual Page
 739 </h1>
 740 <h2>NAME</h2>
 741 <div class="sectionbody">
 742 <p>git-ls-files -
 743    Show information about files in the index and the working tree
 744 </p>
 745 </div>
 746 </div>
 747 <div id="content">
 748 <div class="sect1">
 749 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 750 <div class="sectionbody">
 751 <div class="verseblock">
 752 <pre class="content"><em>git ls-files</em> [-z] [-t] [-v] [-f]
 753                 [-c|--cached] [-d|--deleted] [-o|--others] [-i|--ignored]
 754                 [-s|--stage] [-u|--unmerged] [-k|--killed] [-m|--modified]
 755                 [--resolve-undo]
 756                 [--directory [--no-empty-directory]] [--eol]
 757                 [--deduplicate]
 758                 [-x &lt;pattern&gt;|--exclude=&lt;pattern&gt;]
 759                 [-X &lt;file&gt;|--exclude-from=&lt;file&gt;]
 760                 [--exclude-per-directory=&lt;file&gt;]
 761                 [--exclude-standard]
 762                 [--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=&lt;tree-ish&gt;]
 763                 [--full-name] [--recurse-submodules]
 764                 [--abbrev[=&lt;n&gt;]] [--format=&lt;format&gt;] [--] [&lt;file&gt;&#8230;]</pre>
 765 <div class="attribution">
 766 </div></div>
 767 </div>
 768 </div>
 769 <div class="sect1">
 770 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 771 <div class="sectionbody">
 772 <div class="paragraph"><p>This merges the file listing in the index with the actual working
 773 directory list, and shows different combinations of the two.</p></div>
 774 <div class="paragraph"><p>One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
 775 shown, and each file may be printed multiple times if there are
 776 multiple entries in the index or multiple statuses are applicable for
 777 the relevant file selection options.</p></div>
 778 </div>
 779 </div>
 780 <div class="sect1">
 781 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 782 <div class="sectionbody">
 783 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 784 <dt class="hdlist1">
 785 -c
 786 </dt>
 787 <dt class="hdlist1">
 788 --cached
 789 </dt>
 790 <dd>
 791 <p>
 792         Show all files cached in Git&#8217;s index, i.e. all tracked files.
 793         (This is the default if no -c/-s/-d/-o/-u/-k/-m/--resolve-undo
 794         options are specified.)
 795 </p>
 796 </dd>
 797 <dt class="hdlist1">
 798 -d
 799 </dt>
 800 <dt class="hdlist1">
 801 --deleted
 802 </dt>
 803 <dd>
 804 <p>
 805         Show files with an unstaged deletion
 806 </p>
 807 </dd>
 808 <dt class="hdlist1">
 809 -m
 810 </dt>
 811 <dt class="hdlist1">
 812 --modified
 813 </dt>
 814 <dd>
 815 <p>
 816         Show files with an unstaged modification (note that an unstaged
 817         deletion also counts as an unstaged modification)
 818 </p>
 819 </dd>
 820 <dt class="hdlist1">
 821 -o
 822 </dt>
 823 <dt class="hdlist1">
 824 --others
 825 </dt>
 826 <dd>
 827 <p>
 828         Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
 829 </p>
 830 </dd>
 831 <dt class="hdlist1">
 832 -i
 833 </dt>
 834 <dt class="hdlist1">
 835 --ignored
 836 </dt>
 837 <dd>
 838 <p>
 839         Show only ignored files in the output.  Must be used with
 840         either an explicit <em>-c</em> or <em>-o</em>.  When showing files in the
 841         index (i.e. when used with <em>-c</em>), print only those files
 842         matching an exclude pattern.  When showing "other" files
 843         (i.e. when used with <em>-o</em>), show only those matched by an
 844         exclude pattern.  Standard ignore rules are not automatically
 845         activated, therefore at least one of the <code>--exclude*</code> options
 846         is required.
 847 </p>
 848 </dd>
 849 <dt class="hdlist1">
 850 -s
 851 </dt>
 852 <dt class="hdlist1">
 853 --stage
 854 </dt>
 855 <dd>
 856 <p>
 857         Show staged contents' mode bits, object name and stage number in the output.
 858 </p>
 859 </dd>
 860 <dt class="hdlist1">
 861 --directory
 862 </dt>
 863 <dd>
 864 <p>
 865         If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
 866         name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
 867         Has no effect without -o/--others.
 868 </p>
 869 </dd>
 870 <dt class="hdlist1">
 871 --no-empty-directory
 872 </dt>
 873 <dd>
 874 <p>
 875         Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
 876 </p>
 877 </dd>
 878 <dt class="hdlist1">
 879 -u
 880 </dt>
 881 <dt class="hdlist1">
 882 --unmerged
 883 </dt>
 884 <dd>
 885 <p>
 886         Show information about unmerged files in the output, but do
 887         not show any other tracked files (forces --stage, overrides
 888         --cached).
 889 </p>
 890 </dd>
 891 <dt class="hdlist1">
 892 -k
 893 </dt>
 894 <dt class="hdlist1">
 895 --killed
 896 </dt>
 897 <dd>
 898 <p>
 899         Show untracked files on the filesystem that need to be removed
 900         due to file/directory conflicts for tracked files to be able to
 901         be written to the filesystem.
 902 </p>
 903 </dd>
 904 <dt class="hdlist1">
 905 --resolve-undo
 906 </dt>
 907 <dd>
 908 <p>
 909         Show files having resolve-undo information in the index
 910         together with their resolve-undo information.  (resolve-undo
 911         information is what is used to implement "git checkout -m
 912         $PATH", i.e. to recreate merge conflicts that were
 913         accidentally resolved)
 914 </p>
 915 </dd>
 916 <dt class="hdlist1">
 917 -z
 918 </dt>
 919 <dd>
 920 <p>
 921         \0 line termination on output and do not quote filenames.
 922         See OUTPUT below for more information.
 923 </p>
 924 </dd>
 925 <dt class="hdlist1">
 926 --deduplicate
 927 </dt>
 928 <dd>
 929 <p>
 930         When only filenames are shown, suppress duplicates that may
 931         come from having multiple stages during a merge, or giving
 932         <code>--deleted</code> and <code>--modified</code> option at the same time.
 933         When any of the <code>-t</code>, <code>--unmerged</code>, or <code>--stage</code> option is
 934         in use, this option has no effect.
 935 </p>
 936 </dd>
 937 <dt class="hdlist1">
 938 -x &lt;pattern&gt;
 939 </dt>
 940 <dt class="hdlist1">
 941 --exclude=&lt;pattern&gt;
 942 </dt>
 943 <dd>
 944 <p>
 945         Skip untracked files matching pattern.
 946         Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern. See EXCLUDE PATTERNS
 947         below for more information.
 948 </p>
 949 </dd>
 950 <dt class="hdlist1">
 951 -X &lt;file&gt;
 952 </dt>
 953 <dt class="hdlist1">
 954 --exclude-from=&lt;file&gt;
 955 </dt>
 956 <dd>
 957 <p>
 958         Read exclude patterns from &lt;file&gt;; 1 per line.
 959 </p>
 960 </dd>
 961 <dt class="hdlist1">
 962 --exclude-per-directory=&lt;file&gt;
 963 </dt>
 964 <dd>
 965 <p>
 966         Read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
 967         directory and its subdirectories in &lt;file&gt;.  Deprecated; use
 968         --exclude-standard instead.
 969 </p>
 970 </dd>
 971 <dt class="hdlist1">
 972 --exclude-standard
 973 </dt>
 974 <dd>
 975 <p>
 976         Add the standard Git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
 977         in each directory, and the user&#8217;s global exclusion file.
 978 </p>
 979 </dd>
 980 <dt class="hdlist1">
 981 --error-unmatch
 982 </dt>
 983 <dd>
 984 <p>
 985         If any &lt;file&gt; does not appear in the index, treat this as an
 986         error (return 1).
 987 </p>
 988 </dd>
 989 <dt class="hdlist1">
 990 --with-tree=&lt;tree-ish&gt;
 991 </dt>
 992 <dd>
 993 <p>
 994         When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied
 995         &lt;file&gt; (i.e. path pattern) arguments to paths, pretend
 996         that paths which were removed in the index since the
 997         named &lt;tree-ish&gt; are still present.  Using this option
 998         with <code>-s</code> or <code>-u</code> options does not make any sense.
 999 </p>
1000 </dd>
1001 <dt class="hdlist1">
1002 -t
1003 </dt>
1004 <dd>
1005 <p>
1006         Show status tags together with filenames.  Note that for
1007         scripting purposes, <a href="git-status.html">git-status(1)</a> <code>--porcelain</code> and
1008         <a href="git-diff-files.html">git-diff-files(1)</a> <code>--name-status</code> are almost always
1009         superior alternatives, and users should look at
1010         <a href="git-status.html">git-status(1)</a> <code>--short</code> or <a href="git-diff.html">git-diff(1)</a>
1011         <code>--name-status</code> for more user-friendly alternatives.
1012 </p>
1013 <div class="openblock">
1014 <div class="content">
1015 <div class="paragraph"><p>This option provides a reason for showing each filename, in the form
1016 of a status tag (which is followed by a space and then the filename).
1017 The status tags are all single characters from the following list:</p></div>
1018 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1019 <dt class="hdlist1">
1020 H
1021 </dt>
1022 <dd>
1023 <p>
1024 tracked file that is not either unmerged or skip-worktree
1025 </p>
1026 </dd>
1027 <dt class="hdlist1">
1028 S
1029 </dt>
1030 <dd>
1031 <p>
1032 tracked file that is skip-worktree
1033 </p>
1034 </dd>
1035 <dt class="hdlist1">
1036 M
1037 </dt>
1038 <dd>
1039 <p>
1040 tracked file that is unmerged
1041 </p>
1042 </dd>
1043 <dt class="hdlist1">
1044 R
1045 </dt>
1046 <dd>
1047 <p>
1048 tracked file with unstaged removal/deletion
1049 </p>
1050 </dd>
1051 <dt class="hdlist1">
1052 C
1053 </dt>
1054 <dd>
1055 <p>
1056 tracked file with unstaged modification/change
1057 </p>
1058 </dd>
1059 <dt class="hdlist1">
1060 K
1061 </dt>
1062 <dd>
1063 <p>
1064 untracked paths which are part of file/directory conflicts
1065                 which prevent checking out tracked files
1066 </p>
1067 </dd>
1068 <dt class="hdlist1">
1069 ?
1070 </dt>
1071 <dd>
1072 <p>
1073 untracked file
1074 </p>
1075 </dd>
1076 <dt class="hdlist1">
1077 U
1078 </dt>
1079 <dd>
1080 <p>
1081 file with resolve-undo information
1082 </p>
1083 </dd>
1084 </dl></div>
1085 </div></div>
1086 </dd>
1087 <dt class="hdlist1">
1088 -v
1089 </dt>
1090 <dd>
1091 <p>
1092         Similar to <code>-t</code>, but use lowercase letters for files
1093         that are marked as <em>assume unchanged</em> (see
1094         <a href="git-update-index.html">git-update-index(1)</a>).
1095 </p>
1096 </dd>
1097 <dt class="hdlist1">
1098 -f
1099 </dt>
1100 <dd>
1101 <p>
1102         Similar to <code>-t</code>, but use lowercase letters for files
1103         that are marked as <em>fsmonitor valid</em> (see
1104         <a href="git-update-index.html">git-update-index(1)</a>).
1105 </p>
1106 </dd>
1107 <dt class="hdlist1">
1108 --full-name
1109 </dt>
1110 <dd>
1111 <p>
1112         When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
1113         outputs paths relative to the current directory.  This
1114         option forces paths to be output relative to the project
1115         top directory.
1116 </p>
1117 </dd>
1118 <dt class="hdlist1">
1119 --recurse-submodules
1120 </dt>
1121 <dd>
1122 <p>
1123         Recursively calls ls-files on each active submodule in the repository.
1124         Currently there is only support for the --cached and --stage modes.
1125 </p>
1126 </dd>
1127 <dt class="hdlist1">
1128 --abbrev[=&lt;n&gt;]
1129 </dt>
1130 <dd>
1131 <p>
1132         Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
1133         lines, show the shortest prefix that is at least <em>&lt;n&gt;</em>
1134         hexdigits long that uniquely refers the object.
1135         Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=&lt;n&gt;.
1136 </p>
1137 </dd>
1138 <dt class="hdlist1">
1139 --debug
1140 </dt>
1141 <dd>
1142 <p>
1143         After each line that describes a file, add more data about its
1144         cache entry.  This is intended to show as much information as
1145         possible for manual inspection; the exact format may change at
1146         any time.
1147 </p>
1148 </dd>
1149 <dt class="hdlist1">
1150 --eol
1151 </dt>
1152 <dd>
1153 <p>
1154         Show &lt;eolinfo&gt; and &lt;eolattr&gt; of files.
1155         &lt;eolinfo&gt; is the file content identification used by Git when
1156         the "text" attribute is "auto" (or not set and core.autocrlf is not false).
1157         &lt;eolinfo&gt; is either "-text", "none", "lf", "crlf", "mixed" or "".
1158 </p>
1159 <div class="paragraph"><p>"" means the file is not a regular file, it is not in the index or
1160 not accessible in the working tree.</p></div>
1161 <div class="paragraph"><p>&lt;eolattr&gt; is the attribute that is used when checking out or committing,
1162 it is either "", "-text", "text", "text=auto", "text eol=lf", "text eol=crlf".
1163 Since Git 2.10 "text=auto eol=lf" and "text=auto eol=crlf" are supported.</p></div>
1164 <div class="paragraph"><p>Both the &lt;eolinfo&gt; in the index ("i/&lt;eolinfo&gt;")
1165 and in the working tree ("w/&lt;eolinfo&gt;") are shown for regular files,
1166 followed by the  ("attr/&lt;eolattr&gt;").</p></div>
1167 </dd>
1168 <dt class="hdlist1">
1169 --sparse
1170 </dt>
1171 <dd>
1172 <p>
1173         If the index is sparse, show the sparse directories without expanding
1174         to the contained files. Sparse directories will be shown with a
1175         trailing slash, such as "x/" for a sparse directory "x".
1176 </p>
1177 </dd>
1178 <dt class="hdlist1">
1179 --format=&lt;format&gt;
1180 </dt>
1181 <dd>
1182 <p>
1183         A string that interpolates <code>%(fieldname)</code> from the result being shown.
1184         It also interpolates <code>%%</code> to <code>%</code>, and <code>%xx</code> where <code>xx</code> are hex digits
1185         interpolates to character with hex code <code>xx</code>; for example <code>%00</code>
1186         interpolates to <code>\0</code> (NUL), <code>%09</code> to <code>\t</code> (TAB) and %0a to <code>\n</code> (LF).
1187         --format cannot be combined with <code>-s</code>, <code>-o</code>, <code>-k</code>, <code>-t</code>, <code>--resolve-undo</code>
1188         and <code>--eol</code>.
1189 </p>
1190 </dd>
1191 <dt class="hdlist1">
1192 --
1193 </dt>
1194 <dd>
1195 <p>
1196         Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
1197 </p>
1198 </dd>
1199 <dt class="hdlist1">
1200 &lt;file&gt;
1201 </dt>
1202 <dd>
1203 <p>
1204         Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
1205         specified criteria are shown.
1206 </p>
1207 </dd>
1208 </dl></div>
1209 </div>
1210 </div>
1211 <div class="sect1">
1212 <h2 id="_output">OUTPUT</h2>
1213 <div class="sectionbody">
1214 <div class="paragraph"><p><em>git ls-files</em> just outputs the filenames unless <code>--stage</code> is specified in
1215 which case it outputs:</p></div>
1216 <div class="literalblock">
1217 <div class="content">
1218 <pre><code>[&lt;tag&gt; ]&lt;mode&gt; &lt;object&gt; &lt;stage&gt; &lt;file&gt;</code></pre>
1219 </div></div>
1220 <div class="paragraph"><p><em>git ls-files --eol</em> will show
1221         i/&lt;eolinfo&gt;&lt;SPACES&gt;w/&lt;eolinfo&gt;&lt;SPACES&gt;attr/&lt;eolattr&gt;&lt;SPACE*&gt;&lt;TAB&gt;&lt;file&gt;</p></div>
1222 <div class="paragraph"><p><em>git ls-files --unmerged</em> and <em>git ls-files --stage</em> can be used to examine
1223 detailed information on unmerged paths.</p></div>
1224 <div class="paragraph"><p>For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA-1 pair,
1225 the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
1226 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3.  This information can be used by
1227 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
1228 path. (see <a href="git-read-tree.html">git-read-tree(1)</a> for more information on state)</p></div>
1229 <div class="paragraph"><p>Without the <code>-z</code> option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are
1230 quoted as explained for the configuration variable <code>core.quotePath</code>
1231 (see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>).  Using <code>-z</code> the filename is output
1232 verbatim and the line is terminated by a NUL byte.</p></div>
1233 <div class="paragraph"><p>It is possible to print in a custom format by using the <code>--format</code>
1234 option, which is able to interpolate different fields using
1235 a <code>%(fieldname)</code> notation. For example, if you only care about the
1236 "objectname" and "path" fields, you can execute with a specific
1237 "--format" like</p></div>
1238 <div class="literalblock">
1239 <div class="content">
1240 <pre><code>git ls-files --format='%(objectname) %(path)'</code></pre>
1241 </div></div>
1242 </div>
1243 </div>
1244 <div class="sect1">
1245 <h2 id="_field_names">FIELD NAMES</h2>
1246 <div class="sectionbody">
1247 <div class="paragraph"><p>The way each path is shown can be customized by using the
1248 <code>--format=&lt;format&gt;</code> option, where the %(fieldname) in the
1249 &lt;format&gt; string for various aspects of the index entry are
1250 interpolated.  The following "fieldname" are understood:</p></div>
1251 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1252 <dt class="hdlist1">
1253 objectmode
1254 </dt>
1255 <dd>
1256 <p>
1257         The mode of the file which is recorded in the index.
1258 </p>
1259 </dd>
1260 <dt class="hdlist1">
1261 objecttype
1262 </dt>
1263 <dd>
1264 <p>
1265         The object type of the file which is recorded in the index.
1266 </p>
1267 </dd>
1268 <dt class="hdlist1">
1269 objectname
1270 </dt>
1271 <dd>
1272 <p>
1273         The name of the file which is recorded in the index.
1274 </p>
1275 </dd>
1276 <dt class="hdlist1">
1277 objectsize[:padded]
1278 </dt>
1279 <dd>
1280 <p>
1281         The object size of the file which is recorded in the index
1282         ("-" if the object is a <code>commit</code> or <code>tree</code>).
1283         It also supports a padded format of size with "%(objectsize:padded)".
1284 </p>
1285 </dd>
1286 <dt class="hdlist1">
1287 stage
1288 </dt>
1289 <dd>
1290 <p>
1291         The stage of the file which is recorded in the index.
1292 </p>
1293 </dd>
1294 <dt class="hdlist1">
1295 eolinfo:index
1296 </dt>
1297 <dt class="hdlist1">
1298 eolinfo:worktree
1299 </dt>
1300 <dd>
1301 <p>
1302         The &lt;eolinfo&gt; (see the description of the <code>--eol</code> option) of
1303         the contents in the index or in the worktree for the path.
1304 </p>
1305 </dd>
1306 <dt class="hdlist1">
1307 eolattr
1308 </dt>
1309 <dd>
1310 <p>
1311         The &lt;eolattr&gt; (see the description of the <code>--eol</code> option)
1312         that applies to the path.
1313 </p>
1314 </dd>
1315 <dt class="hdlist1">
1316 path
1317 </dt>
1318 <dd>
1319 <p>
1320         The pathname of the file which is recorded in the index.
1321 </p>
1322 </dd>
1323 </dl></div>
1324 </div>
1325 </div>
1326 <div class="sect1">
1327 <h2 id="_exclude_patterns">EXCLUDE PATTERNS</h2>
1328 <div class="sectionbody">
1329 <div class="paragraph"><p><em>git ls-files</em> can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
1330 traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
1331 flags --others or --ignored are specified.  <a href="gitignore.html">gitignore(5)</a>
1332 specifies the format of exclude patterns.</p></div>
1333 <div class="paragraph"><p>Generally, you should just use --exclude-standard, but for historical
1334 reasons the exclude patterns can be specified from the following
1335 places, in order:</p></div>
1336 <div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
1337 <li>
1338 <p>
1339 The command-line flag --exclude=&lt;pattern&gt; specifies a
1340      single pattern.  Patterns are ordered in the same order
1341      they appear in the command line.
1342 </p>
1343 </li>
1344 <li>
1345 <p>
1346 The command-line flag --exclude-from=&lt;file&gt; specifies a
1347      file containing a list of patterns.  Patterns are ordered
1348      in the same order they appear in the file.
1349 </p>
1350 </li>
1351 <li>
1352 <p>
1353 The command-line flag --exclude-per-directory=&lt;name&gt; specifies
1354      a name of the file in each directory <em>git ls-files</em>
1355      examines, normally <code>.gitignore</code>.  Files in deeper
1356      directories take precedence.  Patterns are ordered in the
1357      same order they appear in the files.
1358 </p>
1359 </li>
1360 </ol></div>
1361 <div class="paragraph"><p>A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
1362 from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
1363 top of the directory tree.  A pattern read from a file specified
1364 by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
1365 pattern file appears in.</p></div>
1366 </div>
1367 </div>
1368 <div class="sect1">
1369 <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
1370 <div class="sectionbody">
1371 <div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-read-tree.html">git-read-tree(1)</a>, <a href="gitignore.html">gitignore(5)</a></p></div>
1372 </div>
1373 </div>
1374 <div class="sect1">
1375 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1376 <div class="sectionbody">
1377 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
1378 </div>
1379 </div>
1380 </div>
1381 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
1382 <div id="footer">
1383 <div id="footer-text">
1384 Last updated
1385  2023-06-13 13:57:42 PDT
1386 </div>
1387 </div>
1388 </body>
1389 </html>