git-clone.html

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 441 <body class="manpage">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-clone(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><code>git</code> <code>clone</code> [<code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em>]
 455           [<code>-l</code>] [<code>-s</code>] [<code>--no-hardlinks</code>] [<code>-q</code>] [<code>-n</code>] [<code>--bare</code>] [<code>--mirror</code>]
 456           [<code>-o</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em>] [<code>-b</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em>] [<code>-u</code> <em>&lt;upload-pack&gt;</em>] [<code>--reference</code> <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em>]
 457           [<code>--dissociate</code>] [<code>--separate-git-dir</code> <em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em>]
 458           [<code>--depth</code> <em>&lt;depth&gt;</em>] [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>single-branch</code>] [<code>--no-tags</code>]
 459           [<code>--recurse-submodules</code>[<code>=</code><em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>]] [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>shallow-submodules</code>]
 460           [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>remote-submodules</code>] [<code>--jobs</code> <em>&lt;n&gt;</em>] [<code>--sparse</code>] [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>reject-shallow</code>]
 461           [<code>--filter=</code><em>&lt;filter-spec&gt;</em>] [<code>--also-filter-submodules</code>]] [<code>--</code>] <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em>
 462           [<em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>]</pre>
 463 </div>
 464 </div>
 465 </div>
 466 <div class="sect1">
 467 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 468 <div class="sectionbody">
 469 <div class="paragraph">
 470 <p>Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
 471 remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
 472 (visible using <code>git</code> <code>branch</code> <code>--remotes</code>), and creates and checks out an
 473 initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository&#8217;s
 474 currently active branch.</p>
 475 </div>
 476 <div class="paragraph">
 477 <p>After the clone, a plain <code>git</code> <code>fetch</code> without arguments will update
 478 all the remote-tracking branches, and a <code>git</code> <code>pull</code> without
 479 arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
 480 current master branch, if any (this is untrue when <code>--single-branch</code>
 481 is given; see below).</p>
 482 </div>
 483 <div class="paragraph">
 484 <p>This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
 485 the remote branch heads under <code>refs/remotes/origin</code> and
 486 by initializing <code>remote.origin.url</code> and <code>remote.origin.fetch</code>
 487 configuration variables.</p>
 488 </div>
 489 </div>
 490 </div>
 491 <div class="sect1">
 492 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 493 <div class="sectionbody">
 494 <div class="dlist">
 495 <dl>
 496 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-l</code></dt>
 497 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--local</code></dt>
 498 <dd>
 499 <p>When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
 500 this flag bypasses the normal "Git aware" transport
 501 mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
 502 <code>HEAD</code> and everything under objects and refs directories.
 503 The files under .<code>git/objects/</code> directory are hardlinked
 504 to save space when possible.</p>
 505 <div class="paragraph">
 506 <p>If the repository is specified as a local path (e.g., <code>/path/to/repo</code>),
 507 this is the default, and <code>--local</code> is essentially a no-op.  If the
 508 repository is specified as a URL, then this flag is ignored (and we
 509 never use the local optimizations).  Specifying <code>--no-local</code> will
 510 override the default when <code>/path/to/repo</code> is given, using the regular
 511 Git transport instead.</p>
 512 </div>
 513 <div class="paragraph">
 514 <p>If the repository&#8217;s <code>$GIT_DIR/objects</code> has symbolic links or is a
 515 symbolic link, the clone will fail. This is a security measure to
 516 prevent the unintentional copying of files by dereferencing the symbolic
 517 links.</p>
 518 </div>
 519 <div class="paragraph">
 520 <p>This option does not work with repositories owned by other users for security
 521 reasons, and <code>--no-local</code> must be specified for the clone to succeed.</p>
 522 </div>
 523 <div class="paragraph">
 524 <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: this operation can race with concurrent modification to the
 525 source repository, similar to running <code>cp</code> <code>-r</code> <em>&lt;src&gt;</em> <em>&lt;dst&gt;</em> while modifying
 526 <em>&lt;src&gt;</em>.</p>
 527 </div>
 528 </dd>
 529 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-hardlinks</code></dt>
 530 <dd>
 531 <p>Force the cloning process from a repository on a local
 532 filesystem to copy the files under the .<code>git/objects</code>
 533 directory instead of using hardlinks. This may be desirable
 534 if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository.</p>
 535 </dd>
 536 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-s</code></dt>
 537 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--shared</code></dt>
 538 <dd>
 539 <p>When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
 540 instead of using hard links, automatically setup
 541 .<code>git/objects/info/alternates</code> to share the objects
 542 with the source repository.  The resulting repository
 543 starts out without any object of its own.</p>
 544 <div class="paragraph">
 545 <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do <strong>not</strong> use
 546 it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
 547 repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
 548 other Git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
 549 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
 550 These objects may be removed by normal Git operations (such as <code>git</code> <code>commit</code>)
 551 which automatically call <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--auto</code>. (See
 552 <a href="git-maintenance.html">git-maintenance(1)</a>.) If these objects are removed and were referenced
 553 by the cloned repository, then the cloned repository will become corrupt.</p>
 554 </div>
 555 <div class="paragraph">
 556 <p>Note that running <code>git</code> <code>repack</code> without the <code>--local</code> option in a repository
 557 cloned with <code>--shared</code> will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
 558 in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of <code>clone</code> <code>--shared</code>.
 559 It is safe, however, to run <code>git</code> <code>gc</code>, which uses the <code>--local</code> option by
 560 default.</p>
 561 </div>
 562 <div class="paragraph">
 563 <p>If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with <code>--shared</code> on
 564 its source repository, you can simply run <code>git</code> <code>repack</code> <code>-a</code> to copy all
 565 objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.</p>
 566 </div>
 567 </dd>
 568 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--reference</code>[<code>-if-able</code>] <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em></dt>
 569 <dd>
 570 <p>If the reference <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em> is on the local machine,
 571 automatically setup .<code>git/objects/info/alternates</code> to
 572 obtain objects from the reference <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em>.  Using
 573 an already existing repository as an alternate will
 574 require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
 575 being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
 576 When using the <code>--reference-if-able</code>, a non existing
 577 directory is skipped with a warning instead of aborting
 578 the clone.</p>
 579 <div class="paragraph">
 580 <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: see the NOTE for the <code>--shared</code> option, and also the
 581 <code>--dissociate</code> option.</p>
 582 </div>
 583 </dd>
 584 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--dissociate</code></dt>
 585 <dd>
 586 <p>Borrow the objects from reference repositories specified
 587 with the <code>--reference</code> options only to reduce network
 588 transfer, and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
 589 by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects.  This
 590 option can also be used when cloning locally from a
 591 repository that already borrows objects from another
 592 repository&#8212;&#8203;the new repository will borrow objects from the
 593 same repository, and this option can be used to stop the
 594 borrowing.</p>
 595 </dd>
 596 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-q</code></dt>
 597 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--quiet</code></dt>
 598 <dd>
 599 <p>Operate quietly.  Progress is not reported to the standard
 600 error stream.</p>
 601 </dd>
 602 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-v</code></dt>
 603 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--verbose</code></dt>
 604 <dd>
 605 <p>Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status
 606 to the standard error stream.</p>
 607 </dd>
 608 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--progress</code></dt>
 609 <dd>
 610 <p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
 611 by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless <code>--quiet</code>
 612 is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 613 standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.</p>
 614 </dd>
 615 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--server-option=</code><em>&lt;option&gt;</em></dt>
 616 <dd>
 617 <p>Transmit the given string to the server when communicating using
 618 protocol version 2.  The given string must not contain a NUL or LF
 619 character.  The server&#8217;s handling of server options, including
 620 unknown ones, is server-specific.
 621 When multiple <code>--server-option=</code><em>&lt;option&gt;</em> are given, they are all
 622 sent to the other side in the order listed on the command line.
 623 When no <code>--server-option=</code><em>&lt;option&gt;</em> is given from the command
 624 line, the values of configuration variable <code>remote.</code><em>&lt;name&gt;</em><code>.serverOption</code>
 625 are used instead.</p>
 626 </dd>
 627 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-n</code></dt>
 628 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-checkout</code></dt>
 629 <dd>
 630 <p>No checkout of <code>HEAD</code> is performed after the clone is complete.</p>
 631 </dd>
 632 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>reject-shallow</code></dt>
 633 <dd>
 634 <p>Fail if the source repository is a shallow repository.
 635 The <code>clone.rejectShallow</code> configuration variable can be used to
 636 specify the default.</p>
 637 </dd>
 638 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--bare</code></dt>
 639 <dd>
 640 <p>Make a <em>bare</em> Git repository.  That is, instead of
 641 creating <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em> and placing the administrative
 642 files in <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em><code>/.git</code>, make the <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>
 643 itself the <code>$GIT_DIR</code>. This obviously implies the <code>--no-checkout</code>
 644 because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
 645 Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
 646 to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
 647 them to <code>refs/remotes/origin/</code>.  When this option is
 648 used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 649 configuration variables are created.</p>
 650 </dd>
 651 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--sparse</code></dt>
 652 <dd>
 653 <p>Employ a sparse-checkout, with only files in the toplevel
 654 directory initially being present.  The
 655 <a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> command can be used to grow the
 656 working directory as needed.</p>
 657 </dd>
 658 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--filter=</code><em>&lt;filter-spec&gt;</em></dt>
 659 <dd>
 660 <p>Use the partial clone feature and request that the server sends
 661 a subset of reachable objects according to a given object filter.
 662 When using <code>--filter</code>, the supplied <em>&lt;filter-spec&gt;</em> is used for
 663 the partial clone filter. For example, <code>--filter=blob:none</code> will
 664 filter out all blobs (file contents) until needed by Git. Also,
 665 <code>--filter=blob:limit=</code><em>&lt;size&gt;</em> will filter out all blobs of size
 666 at least <em>&lt;size&gt;</em>. For more details on filter specifications, see
 667 the <code>--filter</code> option in <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a>.</p>
 668 </dd>
 669 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--also-filter-submodules</code></dt>
 670 <dd>
 671 <p>Also apply the partial clone filter to any submodules in the repository.
 672 Requires <code>--filter</code> and <code>--recurse-submodules</code>. This can be turned on by
 673 default by setting the <code>clone.filterSubmodules</code> config option.</p>
 674 </dd>
 675 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--mirror</code></dt>
 676 <dd>
 677 <p>Set up a mirror of the source repository.  This implies <code>--bare</code>.
 678 Compared to <code>--bare</code>, <code>--mirror</code> not only maps local branches of the
 679 source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
 680 remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
 681 that all these refs are overwritten by a <code>git</code> <code>remote</code> <code>update</code> in the
 682 target repository.</p>
 683 </dd>
 684 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-o</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 685 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--origin</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 686 <dd>
 687 <p>Instead of using the remote name <code>origin</code> to keep track of the upstream
 688 repository, use <em>&lt;name&gt;</em>.  Overrides <code>clone.defaultRemoteName</code> from the
 689 config.</p>
 690 </dd>
 691 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-b</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 692 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--branch</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 693 <dd>
 694 <p>Instead of pointing the newly created <code>HEAD</code> to the branch pointed
 695 to by the cloned repository&#8217;s <code>HEAD</code>, point to <em>&lt;name&gt;</em> branch
 696 instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
 697 be checked out.
 698 <code>--branch</code> can also take tags and detaches the <code>HEAD</code> at that commit
 699 in the resulting repository.</p>
 700 </dd>
 701 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-u</code> <em>&lt;upload-pack&gt;</em></dt>
 702 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--upload-pack</code> <em>&lt;upload-pack&gt;</em></dt>
 703 <dd>
 704 <p>When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
 705 via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
 706 run on the other end.</p>
 707 </dd>
 708 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em></dt>
 709 <dd>
 710 <p>Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
 711 (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>.)</p>
 712 </dd>
 713 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-c</code> <em>&lt;key&gt;</em><code>=</code><em>&lt;value&gt;</em></dt>
 714 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--config</code> <em>&lt;key&gt;</em><code>=</code><em>&lt;value&gt;</em></dt>
 715 <dd>
 716 <p>Set a configuration variable in the newly-created repository;
 717 this takes effect immediately after the repository is
 718 initialized, but before the remote history is fetched or any
 719 files checked out.  The <em>&lt;key&gt;</em> is in the same format as expected by
 720 <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> (e.g., <code>core.eol=true</code>). If multiple
 721 values are given for the same key, each value will be written to
 722 the config file. This makes it safe, for example, to add
 723 additional fetch refspecs to the origin remote.</p>
 724 <div class="paragraph">
 725 <p>Due to limitations of the current implementation, some configuration
 726 variables do not take effect until after the initial fetch and checkout.
 727 Configuration variables known to not take effect are:
 728 <code>remote.</code><em>&lt;name&gt;</em><code>.mirror</code> and <code>remote.</code><em>&lt;name&gt;</em><code>.tagOpt</code>.  Use the
 729 corresponding <code>--mirror</code> and <code>--no-tags</code> options instead.</p>
 730 </div>
 731 </dd>
 732 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--depth</code> <em>&lt;depth&gt;</em></dt>
 733 <dd>
 734 <p>Create a <em>shallow</em> clone with a history truncated to the
 735 specified number of commits. Implies <code>--single-branch</code> unless
 736 <code>--no-single-branch</code> is given to fetch the histories near the
 737 tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly,
 738 also pass <code>--shallow-submodules</code>.</p>
 739 </dd>
 740 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--shallow-since=</code><em>&lt;date&gt;</em></dt>
 741 <dd>
 742 <p>Create a shallow clone with a history after the specified time.</p>
 743 </dd>
 744 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--shallow-exclude=</code><em>&lt;ref&gt;</em></dt>
 745 <dd>
 746 <p>Create a shallow clone with a history, excluding commits
 747 reachable from a specified remote branch or tag.  This option
 748 can be specified multiple times.</p>
 749 </dd>
 750 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>single-branch</code></dt>
 751 <dd>
 752 <p>Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
 753 either specified by the <code>--branch</code> option or the primary
 754 branch remote&#8217;s <code>HEAD</code> points at.
 755 Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
 756 remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
 757 initial cloning.  If the <code>HEAD</code> at the remote did not point at any
 758 branch when <code>--single-branch</code> clone was made, no remote-tracking
 759 branch is created.</p>
 760 </dd>
 761 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-tags</code></dt>
 762 <dd>
 763 <p>Don&#8217;t clone any tags, and set
 764 <code>remote.</code><em>&lt;remote&gt;</em><code>.tagOpt=--no-tags</code> in the config, ensuring
 765 that future <code>git</code> <code>pull</code> and <code>git</code> <code>fetch</code> operations won&#8217;t follow
 766 any tags. Subsequent explicit tag fetches will still work,
 767 (see <a href="git-fetch.html">git-fetch(1)</a>).</p>
 768 <div class="paragraph">
 769 <p>Can be used in conjunction with <code>--single-branch</code> to clone and
 770 maintain a branch with no references other than a single cloned
 771 branch. This is useful e.g. to maintain minimal clones of the default
 772 branch of some repository for search indexing.</p>
 773 </div>
 774 </dd>
 775 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--recurse-submodules</code>[<code>=</code><em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>]</dt>
 776 <dd>
 777 <p>After the clone is created, initialize and clone submodules
 778 within based on the provided <em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>.  If no <code>=</code><em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em> is
 779 provided, all submodules are initialized and cloned.
 780 This option can be given multiple times for pathspecs consisting
 781 of multiple entries.  The resulting clone has <code>submodule.active</code> set to
 782 the provided pathspec, or "." (meaning all submodules) if no
 783 pathspec is provided.</p>
 784 <div class="paragraph">
 785 <p>Submodules are initialized and cloned using their default settings. This is
 786 equivalent to running
 787 <code>git</code> <code>submodule</code> <code>update</code> <code>--init</code> <code>--recursive</code> <em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em> immediately after
 788 the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned repository does
 789 not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of <code>--no-checkout</code>/<code>-n</code>, <code>--bare</code>,
 790 or <code>--mirror</code> is given)</p>
 791 </div>
 792 </dd>
 793 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>shallow-submodules</code></dt>
 794 <dd>
 795 <p>All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1.</p>
 796 </dd>
 797 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>remote-submodules</code></dt>
 798 <dd>
 799 <p>All submodules which are cloned will use the status of the submodule&#8217;s
 800 remote-tracking branch to update the submodule, rather than the
 801 superproject&#8217;s recorded SHA-1. Equivalent to passing <code>--remote</code> to
 802 <code>git</code> <code>submodule</code> <code>update</code>.</p>
 803 </dd>
 804 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--separate-git-dir=</code><em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em></dt>
 805 <dd>
 806 <p>Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
 807 to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
 808 then make a filesystem-agnostic Git symbolic link to there.
 809 The result is Git repository can be separated from working
 810 tree.</p>
 811 </dd>
 812 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--ref-format=</code><em>&lt;ref-format&gt;</em></dt>
 813 <dd>
 814 <p>Specify the given ref storage format for the repository. The valid values are:</p>
 815 <div class="ulist">
 816 <ul>
 817 <li>
 818 <p><code>files</code> for loose files with packed-refs. This is the default.</p>
 819 </li>
 820 <li>
 821 <p><code>reftable</code> for the reftable format. This format is experimental and its
 822 internals are subject to change.</p>
 823 </li>
 824 </ul>
 825 </div>
 826 </dd>
 827 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-j</code> <em>&lt;n&gt;</em></dt>
 828 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--jobs</code> <em>&lt;n&gt;</em></dt>
 829 <dd>
 830 <p>The number of submodules fetched at the same time.
 831 Defaults to the <code>submodule.fetchJobs</code> option.</p>
 832 </dd>
 833 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>&lt;repository&gt;</em></dt>
 834 <dd>
 835 <p>The (possibly remote) <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em> to clone from.  See the
 836 <a href="#URLS">GIT URLS</a> section below for more information on specifying
 837 repositories.</p>
 838 </dd>
 839 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>&lt;directory&gt;</em></dt>
 840 <dd>
 841 <p>The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 842 part of the source repository is used if no <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em> is
 843 explicitly given (<code>repo</code> for <code>/path/to/repo.git</code> and <code>foo</code>
 844 for <code>host.xz:foo/.git</code>).  Cloning into an existing directory
 845 is only allowed if the directory is empty.</p>
 846 </dd>
 847 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--bundle-uri=</code><em>&lt;uri&gt;</em></dt>
 848 <dd>
 849 <p>Before fetching from the remote, fetch a bundle from the given
 850 <em>&lt;uri&gt;</em> and unbundle the data into the local repository. The refs
 851 in the bundle will be stored under the hidden <code>refs/bundle/</code>*
 852 namespace. This option is incompatible with <code>--depth</code>,
 853 <code>--shallow-since</code>, and <code>--shallow-exclude</code>.</p>
 854 </dd>
 855 </dl>
 856 </div>
 857 </div>
 858 </div>
 859 <div class="sect1">
 860 <h2 id="_git_urls">GIT URLS<a id="URLS"></a></h2>
 861 <div class="sectionbody">
 862 <div class="paragraph">
 863 <p>In general, URLs contain information about the transport protocol, the
 864 address of the remote server, and the path to the repository.
 865 Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be
 866 absent.</p>
 867 </div>
 868 <div class="paragraph">
 869 <p>Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp
 870 and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and
 871 deprecated; do not use them).</p>
 872 </div>
 873 <div class="paragraph">
 874 <p>The native transport (i.e. <code>git://</code> URL) does no authentication and
 875 should be used with caution on unsecured networks.</p>
 876 </div>
 877 <div class="paragraph">
 878 <p>The following syntaxes may be used with them:</p>
 879 </div>
 880 <div class="ulist">
 881 <ul>
 882 <li>
 883 <p><code>ssh://</code>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 884 </li>
 885 <li>
 886 <p><code>git://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 887 </li>
 888 <li>
 889 <p><code>http</code>[<code>s</code>]<code>://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 890 </li>
 891 <li>
 892 <p><code>ftp</code>[<code>s</code>]<code>://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 893 </li>
 894 </ul>
 895 </div>
 896 <div class="paragraph">
 897 <p>An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:</p>
 898 </div>
 899 <div class="ulist">
 900 <ul>
 901 <li>
 902 <p>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em><code>:/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 903 </li>
 904 </ul>
 905 </div>
 906 <div class="paragraph">
 907 <p>This syntax is only recognized if there are no slashes before the
 908 first colon. This helps differentiate a local path that contains a
 909 colon. For example the local path <code>foo:bar</code> could be specified as an
 910 absolute path or .<code>/foo:bar</code> to avoid being misinterpreted as an ssh
 911 url.</p>
 912 </div>
 913 <div class="paragraph">
 914 <p>The ssh and git protocols additionally support <code>~</code><em>&lt;username&gt;</em> expansion:</p>
 915 </div>
 916 <div class="ulist">
 917 <ul>
 918 <li>
 919 <p><code>ssh://</code>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/~</code><em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 920 </li>
 921 <li>
 922 <p><code>git://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/~</code><em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 923 </li>
 924 <li>
 925 <p>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em><code>:~</code><em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 926 </li>
 927 </ul>
 928 </div>
 929 <div class="paragraph">
 930 <p>For local repositories, also supported by Git natively, the following
 931 syntaxes may be used:</p>
 932 </div>
 933 <div class="ulist">
 934 <ul>
 935 <li>
 936 <p><code>/path/to/repo.git/</code></p>
 937 </li>
 938 <li>
 939 <p><code>file:///path/to/repo.git/</code></p>
 940 </li>
 941 </ul>
 942 </div>
 943 <div class="paragraph">
 944 <p>These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except the former implies
 945 <code>--local</code> option.</p>
 946 </div>
 947 <div class="paragraph">
 948 <p><code>git</code> <code>clone</code>, <code>git</code> <code>fetch</code> and <code>git</code> <code>pull</code>, but not <code>git</code> <code>push</code>, will also
 949 accept a suitable bundle file. See <a href="git-bundle.html">git-bundle(1)</a>.</p>
 950 </div>
 951 <div class="paragraph">
 952 <p>When Git doesn&#8217;t know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it
 953 attempts to use the <code>remote-</code><em>&lt;transport&gt;</em> remote helper, if one
 954 exists. To explicitly request a remote helper, the following syntax
 955 may be used:</p>
 956 </div>
 957 <div class="ulist">
 958 <ul>
 959 <li>
 960 <p><em>&lt;transport&gt;</em><code>::</code><em>&lt;address&gt;</em></p>
 961 </li>
 962 </ul>
 963 </div>
 964 <div class="paragraph">
 965 <p>where <em>&lt;address&gt;</em> may be a path, a server and path, or an arbitrary
 966 URL-like string recognized by the specific remote helper being
 967 invoked. See <a href="gitremote-helpers.html">gitremote-helpers(7)</a> for details.</p>
 968 </div>
 969 <div class="paragraph">
 970 <p>If there are a large number of similarly-named remote repositories and
 971 you want to use a different format for them (such that the URLs you
 972 use will be rewritten into URLs that work), you can create a
 973 configuration section of the form:</p>
 974 </div>
 975 <div class="verseblock">
 976 <pre class="content">        [url "<em>&lt;actual-url-base&gt;</em>"]
 977                 insteadOf = <em>&lt;other-url-base&gt;</em></pre>
 978 </div>
 979 <div class="paragraph">
 980 <p>For example, with this:</p>
 981 </div>
 982 <div class="listingblock">
 983 <div class="content">
 984 <pre>        [url "git://git.host.xz/"]
 985                 insteadOf = host.xz:/path/to/
 986                 insteadOf = work:</pre>
 987 </div>
 988 </div>
 989 <div class="paragraph">
 990 <p>a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be
 991 rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".</p>
 992 </div>
 993 <div class="paragraph">
 994 <p>If you want to rewrite URLs for push only, you can create a
 995 configuration section of the form:</p>
 996 </div>
 997 <div class="verseblock">
 998 <pre class="content">        [url "<em>&lt;actual-url-base&gt;</em>"]
 999                 pushInsteadOf = <em>&lt;other-url-base&gt;</em></pre>
1000 </div>
1001 <div class="paragraph">
1002 <p>For example, with this:</p>
1003 </div>
1004 <div class="listingblock">
1005 <div class="content">
1006 <pre>        [url "ssh://example.org/"]
1007                 pushInsteadOf = git://example.org/</pre>
1008 </div>
1009 </div>
1010 <div class="paragraph">
1011 <p>a URL like "git://example.org/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten to
1012 "ssh://example.org/path/to/repo.git" for pushes, but pulls will still
1013 use the original URL.</p>
1014 </div>
1015 </div>
1016 </div>
1017 <div class="sect1">
1018 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
1019 <div class="sectionbody">
1020 <div class="ulist">
1021 <ul>
1022 <li>
1023 <p>Clone from upstream:</p>
1024 <div class="listingblock">
1025 <div class="content">
1026 <pre>$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git my-linux
1027 $ cd my-linux
1028 $ make</pre>
1029 </div>
1030 </div>
1031 </li>
1032 <li>
1033 <p>Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:</p>
1034 <div class="listingblock">
1035 <div class="content">
1036 <pre>$ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
1037 $ cd ../copy
1038 $ git show-branch</pre>
1039 </div>
1040 </div>
1041 </li>
1042 <li>
1043 <p>Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:</p>
1044 <div class="listingblock">
1045 <div class="content">
1046 <pre>$ git clone --reference /git/linux.git \
1047         git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git \
1048         my-linux
1049 $ cd my-linux</pre>
1050 </div>
1051 </div>
1052 </li>
1053 <li>
1054 <p>Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:</p>
1055 <div class="listingblock">
1056 <div class="content">
1057 <pre>$ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git</pre>
1058 </div>
1059 </div>
1060 </li>
1061 <li>
1062 <p>Clone a local repository from a different user:</p>
1063 <div class="listingblock">
1064 <div class="content">
1065 <pre>$ git clone --no-local /home/otheruser/proj.git /pub/scm/proj.git</pre>
1066 </div>
1067 </div>
1068 </li>
1069 </ul>
1070 </div>
1071 </div>
1072 </div>
1073 <div class="sect1">
1074 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
1075 <div class="sectionbody">
1076 <div class="paragraph">
1077 <p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
1078 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
1079 as what&#8217;s found there:</p>
1080 </div>
1081 <div class="dlist">
1082 <dl>
1083 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.templateDir</code></dt>
1084 <dd>
1085 <p>Specify the directory from which templates will be copied. (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>.)</p>
1086 </dd>
1087 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultBranch</code></dt>
1088 <dd>
1089 <p>Allows overriding the default branch name e.g. when initializing
1090 a new repository.</p>
1091 </dd>
1092 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultObjectFormat</code></dt>
1093 <dd>
1094 <p>Allows overriding the default object format for new repositories. See
1095 <code>--object-format=</code> in <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>. Both the command line option
1096 and the <code>GIT_DEFAULT_HASH</code> environment variable take precedence over
1097 this config.</p>
1098 </dd>
1099 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultRefFormat</code></dt>
1100 <dd>
1101 <p>Allows overriding the default ref storage format for new repositories.
1102 See <code>--ref-format=</code> in <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>. Both the command line
1103 option and the <code>GIT_DEFAULT_REF_FORMAT</code> environment variable take
1104 precedence over this config.</p>
1105 </dd>
1106 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>clone.defaultRemoteName</code></dt>
1107 <dd>
1108 <p>The name of the remote to create when cloning a repository.  Defaults to
1109 <code>origin</code>.
1110 It can be overridden by passing the <code>--origin</code> command-line
1111 option.</p>
1112 </dd>
1113 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>clone.rejectShallow</code></dt>
1114 <dd>
1115 <p>Reject cloning a repository if it is a shallow one; this can be overridden by
1116 passing the <code>--reject-shallow</code> option on the command line.</p>
1117 </dd>
1118 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>clone.filterSubmodules</code></dt>
1119 <dd>
1120 <p>If a partial clone filter is provided (see <code>--filter</code> in
1121 <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a>) and <code>--recurse-submodules</code> is used, also apply
1122 the filter to submodules.</p>
1123 </dd>
1124 </dl>
1125 </div>
1126 </div>
1127 </div>
1128 <div class="sect1">
1129 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1130 <div class="sectionbody">
1131 <div class="paragraph">
1132 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
1133 </div>
1134 </div>
1135 </div>
1136 </div>
1137 <div id="footer">
1138 <div id="footer-text">
1139 Last updated 2024-12-10 04:07:44 -0800
1140 </div>
1141 </div>
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