6 git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
12 git clone [--template=<template-directory>]
13 [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
14 [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
15 [--dissociate] [--separate-git-dir <git-dir>]
16 [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch] [--no-tags]
17 [--recurse-submodules[=<pathspec>]] [--[no-]shallow-submodules]
18 [--[no-]remote-submodules] [--jobs <n>] [--sparse] [--[no-]reject-shallow]
19 [--filter=<filter-spec>] [--also-filter-submodules]] [--] <repository>
25 Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
26 remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
27 (visible using `git branch --remotes`), and creates and checks out an
28 initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
29 currently active branch.
31 After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
32 all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
33 arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
34 current master branch, if any (this is untrue when `--single-branch`
37 This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
38 the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and
39 by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
40 configuration variables.
47 When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
48 this flag bypasses the normal "Git aware" transport
49 mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
50 `HEAD` and everything under objects and refs directories.
51 The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
52 to save space when possible.
54 If the repository is specified as a local path (e.g., `/path/to/repo`),
55 this is the default, and `--local` is essentially a no-op. If the
56 repository is specified as a URL, then this flag is ignored (and we
57 never use the local optimizations). Specifying `--no-local` will
58 override the default when `/path/to/repo` is given, using the regular
59 Git transport instead.
61 If the repository's `$GIT_DIR/objects` has symbolic links or is a
62 symbolic link, the clone will fail. This is a security measure to
63 prevent the unintentional copying of files by dereferencing the symbolic
66 This option does not work with repositories owned by other users for security
67 reasons, and `--no-local` must be specified for the clone to succeed.
69 *NOTE*: this operation can race with concurrent modification to the
70 source repository, similar to running `cp -r <src> <dst>` while modifying
74 Force the cloning process from a repository on a local
75 filesystem to copy the files under the `.git/objects`
76 directory instead of using hardlinks. This may be desirable
77 if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository.
81 When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
82 instead of using hard links, automatically setup
83 `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
84 with the source repository. The resulting repository
85 starts out without any object of its own.
87 *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
88 it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
89 repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
90 other Git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
91 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
92 These objects may be removed by normal Git operations (such as `git commit`)
93 which automatically call `git maintenance run --auto`. (See
94 linkgit:git-maintenance[1].) If these objects are removed and were referenced
95 by the cloned repository, then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
97 Note that running `git repack` without the `--local` option in a repository
98 cloned with `--shared` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
99 in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone --shared`.
100 It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `--local` option by
103 If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `--shared` on
104 its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
105 objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
107 `--reference[-if-able] <repository>`::
108 If the reference _<repository>_ is on the local machine,
109 automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
110 obtain objects from the reference _<repository>_. Using
111 an already existing repository as an alternate will
112 require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
113 being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
114 When using the `--reference-if-able`, a non existing
115 directory is skipped with a warning instead of aborting
118 *NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option, and also the
119 `--dissociate` option.
122 Borrow the objects from reference repositories specified
123 with the `--reference` options only to reduce network
124 transfer, and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
125 by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects. This
126 option can also be used when cloning locally from a
127 repository that already borrows objects from another
128 repository--the new repository will borrow objects from the
129 same repository, and this option can be used to stop the
134 Operate quietly. Progress is not reported to the standard
139 Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status
140 to the standard error stream.
143 Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
144 by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless `--quiet`
145 is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
146 standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
148 `--server-option=<option>`::
149 Transmit the given string to the server when communicating using
150 protocol version 2. The given string must not contain a NUL or LF
151 character. The server's handling of server options, including
152 unknown ones, is server-specific.
153 When multiple `--server-option=<option>` are given, they are all
154 sent to the other side in the order listed on the command line.
155 When no ++--server-option=++__<option>__ is given from the command
156 line, the values of configuration variable `remote.<name>.serverOption`
161 No checkout of `HEAD` is performed after the clone is complete.
163 `--`[`no-`]`reject-shallow`::
164 Fail if the source repository is a shallow repository.
165 The `clone.rejectShallow` configuration variable can be used to
169 Make a 'bare' Git repository. That is, instead of
170 creating _<directory>_ and placing the administrative
171 files in `<directory>/.git`, make the _<directory>_
172 itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `--no-checkout`
173 because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
174 Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
175 to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
176 them to `refs/remotes/origin/`. When this option is
177 used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
178 configuration variables are created.
181 Employ a sparse-checkout, with only files in the toplevel
182 directory initially being present. The
183 linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] command can be used to grow the
184 working directory as needed.
186 `--filter=<filter-spec>`::
187 Use the partial clone feature and request that the server sends
188 a subset of reachable objects according to a given object filter.
189 When using `--filter`, the supplied _<filter-spec>_ is used for
190 the partial clone filter. For example, `--filter=blob:none` will
191 filter out all blobs (file contents) until needed by Git. Also,
192 `--filter=blob:limit=<size>` will filter out all blobs of size
193 at least _<size>_. For more details on filter specifications, see
194 the `--filter` option in linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
196 `--also-filter-submodules`::
197 Also apply the partial clone filter to any submodules in the repository.
198 Requires `--filter` and `--recurse-submodules`. This can be turned on by
199 default by setting the `clone.filterSubmodules` config option.
202 Set up a mirror of the source repository. This implies `--bare`.
203 Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the
204 source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
205 remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
206 that all these refs are overwritten by a `git remote update` in the
210 `--origin` _<name>_::
211 Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track of the upstream
212 repository, use _<name>_. Overrides `clone.defaultRemoteName` from the
216 `--branch` _<name>_::
217 Instead of pointing the newly created `HEAD` to the branch pointed
218 to by the cloned repository's `HEAD`, point to _<name>_ branch
219 instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
221 `--branch` can also take tags and detaches the `HEAD` at that commit
222 in the resulting repository.
224 `-u` _<upload-pack>_::
225 `--upload-pack` _<upload-pack>_::
226 When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
227 via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
228 run on the other end.
230 `--template=<template-directory>`::
231 Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
232 (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of linkgit:git-init[1].)
234 `-c` `<key>=<value>`::
235 `--config` `<key>=<value>`::
236 Set a configuration variable in the newly-created repository;
237 this takes effect immediately after the repository is
238 initialized, but before the remote history is fetched or any
239 files checked out. The _<key>_ is in the same format as expected by
240 linkgit:git-config[1] (e.g., `core.eol=true`). If multiple
241 values are given for the same key, each value will be written to
242 the config file. This makes it safe, for example, to add
243 additional fetch refspecs to the origin remote.
245 Due to limitations of the current implementation, some configuration
246 variables do not take effect until after the initial fetch and checkout.
247 Configuration variables known to not take effect are:
248 `remote.<name>.mirror` and `remote.<name>.tagOpt`. Use the
249 corresponding `--mirror` and `--no-tags` options instead.
252 Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
253 specified number of commits. Implies `--single-branch` unless
254 `--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
255 tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly,
256 also pass `--shallow-submodules`.
258 `--shallow-since=<date>`::
259 Create a shallow clone with a history after the specified time.
261 `--shallow-exclude=<ref>`::
262 Create a shallow clone with a history, excluding commits
263 reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. This option
264 can be specified multiple times.
266 `--[no-]single-branch`::
267 Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
268 either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
269 branch remote's `HEAD` points at.
270 Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
271 remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
272 initial cloning. If the `HEAD` at the remote did not point at any
273 branch when `--single-branch` clone was made, no remote-tracking
277 Don't clone any tags, and set
278 `remote.<remote>.tagOpt=--no-tags` in the config, ensuring
279 that future `git pull` and `git fetch` operations won't follow
280 any tags. Subsequent explicit tag fetches will still work,
281 (see linkgit:git-fetch[1]).
283 Can be used in conjunction with `--single-branch` to clone and
284 maintain a branch with no references other than a single cloned
285 branch. This is useful e.g. to maintain minimal clones of the default
286 branch of some repository for search indexing.
288 `--recurse-submodules[=<pathspec>]`::
289 After the clone is created, initialize and clone submodules
290 within based on the provided _<pathspec>_. If no `=<pathspec>` is
291 provided, all submodules are initialized and cloned.
292 This option can be given multiple times for pathspecs consisting
293 of multiple entries. The resulting clone has `submodule.active` set to
294 the provided pathspec, or "`.`" (meaning all submodules) if no
295 pathspec is provided.
297 Submodules are initialized and cloned using their default settings. This is
298 equivalent to running
299 `git submodule update --init --recursive <pathspec>` immediately after
300 the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned repository does
301 not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`,
302 or `--mirror` is given)
304 `--[no-]shallow-submodules`::
305 All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1.
307 `--[no-]remote-submodules`::
308 All submodules which are cloned will use the status of the submodule's
309 remote-tracking branch to update the submodule, rather than the
310 superproject's recorded SHA-1. Equivalent to passing `--remote` to
311 `git submodule update`.
313 `--separate-git-dir=<git-dir>`::
314 Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
315 to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
316 then make a filesystem-agnostic Git symbolic link to there.
317 The result is Git repository can be separated from working
320 `--ref-format=<ref-format>`::
322 Specify the given ref storage format for the repository. The valid values are:
324 include::ref-storage-format.txt[]
328 The number of submodules fetched at the same time.
329 Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option.
332 The (possibly remote) _<repository>_ to clone from. See the
333 <<URLS,GIT URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
337 The name of a new directory to clone into. The "humanish"
338 part of the source repository is used if no _<directory>_ is
339 explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
340 for `host.xz:foo/.git`). Cloning into an existing directory
341 is only allowed if the directory is empty.
343 `--bundle-uri=<uri>`::
344 Before fetching from the remote, fetch a bundle from the given
345 _<uri>_ and unbundle the data into the local repository. The refs
346 in the bundle will be stored under the hidden `refs/bundle/*`
347 namespace. This option is incompatible with `--depth`,
348 `--shallow-since`, and `--shallow-exclude`.
356 * Clone from upstream:
359 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git my-linux
365 * Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:
368 $ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
374 * Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:
377 $ git clone --reference /git/linux.git \
378 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git \
384 * Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:
387 $ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
390 * Clone a local repository from a different user:
393 $ git clone --no-local /home/otheruser/proj.git /pub/scm/proj.git
399 include::includes/cmd-config-section-all.txt[]
401 include::config/init.txt[]
403 include::config/clone.txt[]
408 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite