git-clone.html

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 441 <body class="manpage">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-clone(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><code>git clone</code> [<code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em>]
 455           [<code>-l</code>] [<code>-s</code>] [<code>--no-hardlinks</code>] [<code>-q</code>] [<code>-n</code>] [<code>--bare</code>] [<code>--mirror</code>]
 456           [<code>-o</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em>] [<code>-b</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em>] [<code>-u</code> <em>&lt;upload-pack&gt;</em>] [<code>--reference</code> <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em>]
 457           [<code>--dissociate</code>] [<code>--separate-git-dir</code> <em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em>]
 458           [<code>--depth</code> <em>&lt;depth&gt;</em>] [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>single-branch</code>] [<code>--no-tags</code>]
 459           [<code>--recurse-submodules</code>[<code>=</code><em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>]] [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>shallow-submodules</code>]
 460           [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>remote-submodules</code>] [<code>--jobs</code> <em>&lt;n&gt;</em>] [<code>--sparse</code>] [<code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>reject-shallow</code>]
 461           [<code>--filter=</code><em>&lt;filter-spec&gt;</em>] [<code>--also-filter-submodules</code>]] [<code>--</code>] <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em>
 462           [<em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>]</pre>
 463 </div>
 464 </div>
 465 </div>
 466 <div class="sect1">
 467 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 468 <div class="sectionbody">
 469 <div class="paragraph">
 470 <p>Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
 471 remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
 472 (visible using <code>git branch --remotes</code>), and creates and checks out an
 473 initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository&#8217;s
 474 currently active branch.</p>
 475 </div>
 476 <div class="paragraph">
 477 <p>After the clone, a plain <code>git fetch</code> without arguments will update
 478 all the remote-tracking branches, and a <code>git pull</code> without
 479 arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
 480 current master branch, if any (this is untrue when <code>--single-branch</code>
 481 is given; see below).</p>
 482 </div>
 483 <div class="paragraph">
 484 <p>This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
 485 the remote branch heads under <code>refs/remotes/origin</code> and
 486 by initializing <code>remote.origin.url</code> and <code>remote.origin.fetch</code>
 487 configuration variables.</p>
 488 </div>
 489 </div>
 490 </div>
 491 <div class="sect1">
 492 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 493 <div class="sectionbody">
 494 <div class="dlist">
 495 <dl>
 496 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-l</code></dt>
 497 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--local</code></dt>
 498 <dd>
 499 <p>When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
 500 this flag bypasses the normal "Git aware" transport
 501 mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
 502 <code>HEAD</code> and everything under objects and refs directories.
 503 The files under <code>.git/objects/</code> directory are hardlinked
 504 to save space when possible.</p>
 505 <div class="paragraph">
 506 <p>If the repository is specified as a local path (e.g., <code>/path/to/repo</code>),
 507 this is the default, and --local is essentially a no-op.  If the
 508 repository is specified as a URL, then this flag is ignored (and we
 509 never use the local optimizations).  Specifying <code>--no-local</code> will
 510 override the default when <code>/path/to/repo</code> is given, using the regular
 511 Git transport instead.</p>
 512 </div>
 513 <div class="paragraph">
 514 <p>If the repository&#8217;s <code>$GIT_DIR/objects</code> has symbolic links or is a
 515 symbolic link, the clone will fail. This is a security measure to
 516 prevent the unintentional copying of files by dereferencing the symbolic
 517 links.</p>
 518 </div>
 519 <div class="paragraph">
 520 <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: this operation can race with concurrent modification to the
 521 source repository, similar to running <code>cp -r src dst</code> while modifying
 522 <code>src</code>.</p>
 523 </div>
 524 </dd>
 525 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-hardlinks</code></dt>
 526 <dd>
 527 <p>Force the cloning process from a repository on a local
 528 filesystem to copy the files under the <code>.git/objects</code>
 529 directory instead of using hardlinks. This may be desirable
 530 if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository.</p>
 531 </dd>
 532 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-s</code></dt>
 533 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--shared</code></dt>
 534 <dd>
 535 <p>When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
 536 instead of using hard links, automatically setup
 537 <code>.git/objects/info/alternates</code> to share the objects
 538 with the source repository.  The resulting repository
 539 starts out without any object of its own.</p>
 540 <div class="paragraph">
 541 <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do <strong>not</strong> use
 542 it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
 543 repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
 544 other Git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
 545 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
 546 These objects may be removed by normal Git operations (such as <code>git commit</code>)
 547 which automatically call <code>git maintenance run --auto</code>. (See
 548 <a href="git-maintenance.html">git-maintenance(1)</a>.) If these objects are removed and were referenced
 549 by the cloned repository, then the cloned repository will become corrupt.</p>
 550 </div>
 551 <div class="paragraph">
 552 <p>Note that running <code>git repack</code> without the <code>--local</code> option in a repository
 553 cloned with <code>--shared</code> will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
 554 in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of <code>clone --shared</code>.
 555 It is safe, however, to run <code>git gc</code>, which uses the <code>--local</code> option by
 556 default.</p>
 557 </div>
 558 <div class="paragraph">
 559 <p>If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with <code>--shared</code> on
 560 its source repository, you can simply run <code>git repack -a</code> to copy all
 561 objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.</p>
 562 </div>
 563 </dd>
 564 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--reference</code>[<code>-if-able</code>] <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em></dt>
 565 <dd>
 566 <p>If the reference <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em> is on the local machine,
 567 automatically setup <code>.git/objects/info/alternates</code> to
 568 obtain objects from the reference <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em>.  Using
 569 an already existing repository as an alternate will
 570 require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
 571 being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
 572 When using the <code>--reference-if-able</code>, a non existing
 573 directory is skipped with a warning instead of aborting
 574 the clone.</p>
 575 <div class="paragraph">
 576 <p><strong>NOTE</strong>: see the NOTE for the <code>--shared</code> option, and also the
 577 <code>--dissociate</code> option.</p>
 578 </div>
 579 </dd>
 580 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--dissociate</code></dt>
 581 <dd>
 582 <p>Borrow the objects from reference repositories specified
 583 with the <code>--reference</code> options only to reduce network
 584 transfer, and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
 585 by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects.  This
 586 option can also be used when cloning locally from a
 587 repository that already borrows objects from another
 588 repository&#8212;&#8203;the new repository will borrow objects from the
 589 same repository, and this option can be used to stop the
 590 borrowing.</p>
 591 </dd>
 592 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-q</code></dt>
 593 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--quiet</code></dt>
 594 <dd>
 595 <p>Operate quietly.  Progress is not reported to the standard
 596 error stream.</p>
 597 </dd>
 598 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-v</code></dt>
 599 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--verbose</code></dt>
 600 <dd>
 601 <p>Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status
 602 to the standard error stream.</p>
 603 </dd>
 604 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--progress</code></dt>
 605 <dd>
 606 <p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
 607 by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless <code>--quiet</code>
 608 is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 609 standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.</p>
 610 </dd>
 611 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--server-option=</code><em>&lt;option&gt;</em></dt>
 612 <dd>
 613 <p>Transmit the given string to the server when communicating using
 614 protocol version 2.  The given string must not contain a NUL or LF
 615 character.  The server&#8217;s handling of server options, including
 616 unknown ones, is server-specific.
 617 When multiple <code>--server-option=</code><em>&lt;option&gt;</em> are given, they are all
 618 sent to the other side in the order listed on the command line.</p>
 619 </dd>
 620 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-n</code></dt>
 621 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-checkout</code></dt>
 622 <dd>
 623 <p>No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.</p>
 624 </dd>
 625 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>reject-shallow</code></dt>
 626 <dd>
 627 <p>Fail if the source repository is a shallow repository.
 628 The <code>clone.rejectShallow</code> configuration variable can be used to
 629 specify the default.</p>
 630 </dd>
 631 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--bare</code></dt>
 632 <dd>
 633 <p>Make a <em>bare</em> Git repository.  That is, instead of
 634 creating <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em> and placing the administrative
 635 files in <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>`/.git`, make the <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>
 636 itself the <code>$GIT_DIR</code>. This obviously implies the <code>--no-checkout</code>
 637 because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
 638 Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
 639 to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
 640 them to <code>refs/remotes/origin/</code>.  When this option is
 641 used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 642 configuration variables are created.</p>
 643 </dd>
 644 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--sparse</code></dt>
 645 <dd>
 646 <p>Employ a sparse-checkout, with only files in the toplevel
 647 directory initially being present.  The
 648 <a href="git-sparse-checkout.html">git-sparse-checkout(1)</a> command can be used to grow the
 649 working directory as needed.</p>
 650 </dd>
 651 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--filter=</code><em>&lt;filter-spec&gt;</em></dt>
 652 <dd>
 653 <p>Use the partial clone feature and request that the server sends
 654 a subset of reachable objects according to a given object filter.
 655 When using <code>--filter</code>, the supplied <em>&lt;filter-spec&gt;</em> is used for
 656 the partial clone filter. For example, <code>--filter=blob:none</code> will
 657 filter out all blobs (file contents) until needed by Git. Also,
 658 <code>--filter=blob:limit=</code><em>&lt;size&gt;</em> will filter out all blobs of size
 659 at least <em>&lt;size&gt;</em>. For more details on filter specifications, see
 660 the <code>--filter</code> option in <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a>.</p>
 661 </dd>
 662 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--also-filter-submodules</code></dt>
 663 <dd>
 664 <p>Also apply the partial clone filter to any submodules in the repository.
 665 Requires <code>--filter</code> and <code>--recurse-submodules</code>. This can be turned on by
 666 default by setting the <code>clone.filterSubmodules</code> config option.</p>
 667 </dd>
 668 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--mirror</code></dt>
 669 <dd>
 670 <p>Set up a mirror of the source repository.  This implies <code>--bare</code>.
 671 Compared to <code>--bare</code>, <code>--mirror</code> not only maps local branches of the
 672 source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
 673 remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
 674 that all these refs are overwritten by a <code>git remote update</code> in the
 675 target repository.</p>
 676 </dd>
 677 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-o</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 678 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--origin</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 679 <dd>
 680 <p>Instead of using the remote name <code>origin</code> to keep track of the upstream
 681 repository, use <em>&lt;name&gt;</em>.  Overrides <code>clone.defaultRemoteName</code> from the
 682 config.</p>
 683 </dd>
 684 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-b</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 685 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--branch</code> <em>&lt;name&gt;</em></dt>
 686 <dd>
 687 <p>Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
 688 to by the cloned repository&#8217;s HEAD, point to <em>&lt;name&gt;</em> branch
 689 instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
 690 be checked out.
 691 <code>--branch</code> can also take tags and detaches the HEAD at that commit
 692 in the resulting repository.</p>
 693 </dd>
 694 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-u</code> <em>&lt;upload-pack&gt;</em></dt>
 695 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--upload-pack</code> <em>&lt;upload-pack&gt;</em></dt>
 696 <dd>
 697 <p>When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
 698 via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
 699 run on the other end.</p>
 700 </dd>
 701 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em></dt>
 702 <dd>
 703 <p>Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
 704 (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>.)</p>
 705 </dd>
 706 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-c</code> <em>&lt;key&gt;</em><code>=</code><em>&lt;value&gt;</em></dt>
 707 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--config</code> <em>&lt;key&gt;</em><code>=</code><em>&lt;value&gt;</em></dt>
 708 <dd>
 709 <p>Set a configuration variable in the newly-created repository;
 710 this takes effect immediately after the repository is
 711 initialized, but before the remote history is fetched or any
 712 files checked out.  The <em>&lt;key&gt;</em> is in the same format as expected by
 713 <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> (e.g., <code>core.eol=true</code>). If multiple
 714 values are given for the same key, each value will be written to
 715 the config file. This makes it safe, for example, to add
 716 additional fetch refspecs to the origin remote.</p>
 717 <div class="paragraph">
 718 <p>Due to limitations of the current implementation, some configuration
 719 variables do not take effect until after the initial fetch and checkout.
 720 Configuration variables known to not take effect are:
 721 <code>remote.</code><em>&lt;name&gt;</em><code>.mirror</code> and <code>remote.</code><em>&lt;name&gt;</em><code>.tagOpt</code>.  Use the
 722 corresponding <code>--mirror</code> and <code>--no-tags</code> options instead.</p>
 723 </div>
 724 </dd>
 725 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--depth</code> <em>&lt;depth&gt;</em></dt>
 726 <dd>
 727 <p>Create a <em>shallow</em> clone with a history truncated to the
 728 specified number of commits. Implies <code>--single-branch</code> unless
 729 <code>--no-single-branch</code> is given to fetch the histories near the
 730 tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly,
 731 also pass <code>--shallow-submodules</code>.</p>
 732 </dd>
 733 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--shallow-since=</code><em>&lt;date&gt;</em></dt>
 734 <dd>
 735 <p>Create a shallow clone with a history after the specified time.</p>
 736 </dd>
 737 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--shallow-exclude=</code><em>&lt;revision&gt;</em></dt>
 738 <dd>
 739 <p>Create a shallow clone with a history, excluding commits
 740 reachable from a specified remote branch or tag.  This option
 741 can be specified multiple times.</p>
 742 </dd>
 743 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>single-branch</code></dt>
 744 <dd>
 745 <p>Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
 746 either specified by the <code>--branch</code> option or the primary
 747 branch remote&#8217;s <code>HEAD</code> points at.
 748 Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
 749 remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
 750 initial cloning.  If the <code>HEAD</code> at the remote did not point at any
 751 branch when <code>--single-branch</code> clone was made, no remote-tracking
 752 branch is created.</p>
 753 </dd>
 754 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-tags</code></dt>
 755 <dd>
 756 <p>Don&#8217;t clone any tags, and set
 757 <code>remote.&lt;remote&gt;.tagOpt=--no-tags</code> in the config, ensuring
 758 that future <code>git pull</code> and <code>git fetch</code> operations won&#8217;t follow
 759 any tags. Subsequent explicit tag fetches will still work,
 760 (see <a href="git-fetch.html">git-fetch(1)</a>).</p>
 761 <div class="paragraph">
 762 <p>Can be used in conjunction with <code>--single-branch</code> to clone and
 763 maintain a branch with no references other than a single cloned
 764 branch. This is useful e.g. to maintain minimal clones of the default
 765 branch of some repository for search indexing.</p>
 766 </div>
 767 </dd>
 768 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--recurse-submodules</code>[<code>=</code><em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>]</dt>
 769 <dd>
 770 <p>After the clone is created, initialize and clone submodules
 771 within based on the provided <em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>.  If no <em>=&lt;pathspec&gt;</em> is
 772 provided, all submodules are initialized and cloned.
 773 This option can be given multiple times for pathspecs consisting
 774 of multiple entries.  The resulting clone has <code>submodule.active</code> set to
 775 the provided pathspec, or "." (meaning all submodules) if no
 776 pathspec is provided.</p>
 777 <div class="paragraph">
 778 <p>Submodules are initialized and cloned using their default settings. This is
 779 equivalent to running
 780 <code>git submodule update --init --recursive &lt;pathspec&gt;</code> immediately after
 781 the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned repository does
 782 not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of <code>--no-checkout</code>/<code>-n</code>, <code>--bare</code>,
 783 or <code>--mirror</code> is given)</p>
 784 </div>
 785 </dd>
 786 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>shallow-submodules</code></dt>
 787 <dd>
 788 <p>All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1.</p>
 789 </dd>
 790 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code>[<code>no-</code>]<code>remote-submodules</code></dt>
 791 <dd>
 792 <p>All submodules which are cloned will use the status of the submodule&#8217;s
 793 remote-tracking branch to update the submodule, rather than the
 794 superproject&#8217;s recorded SHA-1. Equivalent to passing <code>--remote</code> to
 795 <code>git submodule update</code>.</p>
 796 </dd>
 797 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--separate-git-dir=</code><em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em></dt>
 798 <dd>
 799 <p>Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
 800 to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
 801 then make a filesystem-agnostic Git symbolic link to there.
 802 The result is Git repository can be separated from working
 803 tree.</p>
 804 </dd>
 805 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--ref-format=</code><em>&lt;ref-format&gt;</em></dt>
 806 <dd>
 807 <p>Specify the given ref storage format for the repository. The valid values are:</p>
 808 <div class="ulist">
 809 <ul>
 810 <li>
 811 <p><code>files</code> for loose files with packed-refs. This is the default.</p>
 812 </li>
 813 <li>
 814 <p><code>reftable</code> for the reftable format. This format is experimental and its
 815 internals are subject to change.</p>
 816 </li>
 817 </ul>
 818 </div>
 819 </dd>
 820 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-j</code> <em>&lt;n&gt;</em></dt>
 821 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--jobs</code> <em>&lt;n&gt;</em></dt>
 822 <dd>
 823 <p>The number of submodules fetched at the same time.
 824 Defaults to the <code>submodule.fetchJobs</code> option.</p>
 825 </dd>
 826 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>&lt;repository&gt;</em></dt>
 827 <dd>
 828 <p>The (possibly remote) <em>&lt;repository&gt;</em> to clone from.  See the
 829 <a href="#URLS">GIT URLS</a> section below for more information on specifying
 830 repositories.</p>
 831 </dd>
 832 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>&lt;directory&gt;</em></dt>
 833 <dd>
 834 <p>The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 835 part of the source repository is used if no <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em> is
 836 explicitly given (<code>repo</code> for <code>/path/to/repo.git</code> and <code>foo</code>
 837 for <code>host.xz:foo/.git</code>).  Cloning into an existing directory
 838 is only allowed if the directory is empty.</p>
 839 </dd>
 840 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--bundle-uri=</code><em>&lt;uri&gt;</em></dt>
 841 <dd>
 842 <p>Before fetching from the remote, fetch a bundle from the given
 843 <em>&lt;uri&gt;</em> and unbundle the data into the local repository. The refs
 844 in the bundle will be stored under the hidden <code>refs/bundle/*</code>
 845 namespace. This option is incompatible with <code>--depth</code>,
 846 <code>--shallow-since</code>, and <code>--shallow-exclude</code>.</p>
 847 </dd>
 848 </dl>
 849 </div>
 850 </div>
 851 </div>
 852 <div class="sect1">
 853 <h2 id="_git_urls">GIT URLS<a id="URLS"></a></h2>
 854 <div class="sectionbody">
 855 <div class="paragraph">
 856 <p>In general, URLs contain information about the transport protocol, the
 857 address of the remote server, and the path to the repository.
 858 Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be
 859 absent.</p>
 860 </div>
 861 <div class="paragraph">
 862 <p>Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp
 863 and ftps can be used for fetching, but this is inefficient and
 864 deprecated; do not use them).</p>
 865 </div>
 866 <div class="paragraph">
 867 <p>The native transport (i.e. git:// URL) does no authentication and
 868 should be used with caution on unsecured networks.</p>
 869 </div>
 870 <div class="paragraph">
 871 <p>The following syntaxes may be used with them:</p>
 872 </div>
 873 <div class="ulist">
 874 <ul>
 875 <li>
 876 <p><code>ssh://</code>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 877 </li>
 878 <li>
 879 <p><code>git://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[:<em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 880 </li>
 881 <li>
 882 <p><code>http</code>[<code>s</code>]<code>://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 883 </li>
 884 <li>
 885 <p><code>ftp</code>[<code>s</code>]<code>://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 886 </li>
 887 </ul>
 888 </div>
 889 <div class="paragraph">
 890 <p>An alternative scp-like syntax may also be used with the ssh protocol:</p>
 891 </div>
 892 <div class="ulist">
 893 <ul>
 894 <li>
 895 <p>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em><code>:/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 896 </li>
 897 </ul>
 898 </div>
 899 <div class="paragraph">
 900 <p>This syntax is only recognized if there are no slashes before the
 901 first colon. This helps differentiate a local path that contains a
 902 colon. For example the local path <code>foo:bar</code> could be specified as an
 903 absolute path or <code>./foo:bar</code> to avoid being misinterpreted as an ssh
 904 url.</p>
 905 </div>
 906 <div class="paragraph">
 907 <p>The ssh and git protocols additionally support <code>~</code><em>&lt;username&gt;</em> expansion:</p>
 908 </div>
 909 <div class="ulist">
 910 <ul>
 911 <li>
 912 <p><code>ssh://</code>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/~</code><em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 913 </li>
 914 <li>
 915 <p><code>git://</code><em>&lt;host&gt;</em>[<code>:</code><em>&lt;port&gt;</em>]<code>/~</code><em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 916 </li>
 917 <li>
 918 <p>[<em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>@</code>]<em>&lt;host&gt;</em><code>:~</code><em>&lt;user&gt;</em><code>/</code><em>&lt;path-to-git-repo&gt;</em></p>
 919 </li>
 920 </ul>
 921 </div>
 922 <div class="paragraph">
 923 <p>For local repositories, also supported by Git natively, the following
 924 syntaxes may be used:</p>
 925 </div>
 926 <div class="ulist">
 927 <ul>
 928 <li>
 929 <p><code>/path/to/repo.git/</code></p>
 930 </li>
 931 <li>
 932 <p><code><a href="file:///path/to/repo.git/" class="bare">file:///path/to/repo.git/</a></code></p>
 933 </li>
 934 </ul>
 935 </div>
 936 <div class="paragraph">
 937 <p>These two syntaxes are mostly equivalent, except the former implies
 938 <code>--local</code> option.</p>
 939 </div>
 940 <div class="paragraph">
 941 <p><code>git clone</code>, <code>git fetch</code> and <code>git pull</code>, but not <code>git push</code>, will also
 942 accept a suitable bundle file. See <a href="git-bundle.html">git-bundle(1)</a>.</p>
 943 </div>
 944 <div class="paragraph">
 945 <p>When Git doesn&#8217;t know how to handle a certain transport protocol, it
 946 attempts to use the <code>remote-</code><em>&lt;transport&gt;</em> remote helper, if one
 947 exists. To explicitly request a remote helper, the following syntax
 948 may be used:</p>
 949 </div>
 950 <div class="ulist">
 951 <ul>
 952 <li>
 953 <p><em>&lt;transport&gt;</em>::<em>&lt;address&gt;</em></p>
 954 </li>
 955 </ul>
 956 </div>
 957 <div class="paragraph">
 958 <p>where <em>&lt;address&gt;</em> may be a path, a server and path, or an arbitrary
 959 URL-like string recognized by the specific remote helper being
 960 invoked. See <a href="gitremote-helpers.html">gitremote-helpers(7)</a> for details.</p>
 961 </div>
 962 <div class="paragraph">
 963 <p>If there are a large number of similarly-named remote repositories and
 964 you want to use a different format for them (such that the URLs you
 965 use will be rewritten into URLs that work), you can create a
 966 configuration section of the form:</p>
 967 </div>
 968 <div class="verseblock">
 969 <pre class="content">        [url "<em>&lt;actual-url-base&gt;</em>"]
 970                 insteadOf = <em>&lt;other-url-base&gt;</em></pre>
 971 </div>
 972 <div class="paragraph">
 973 <p>For example, with this:</p>
 974 </div>
 975 <div class="listingblock">
 976 <div class="content">
 977 <pre>        [url "git://git.host.xz/"]
 978                 insteadOf = host.xz:/path/to/
 979                 insteadOf = work:</pre>
 980 </div>
 981 </div>
 982 <div class="paragraph">
 983 <p>a URL like "work:repo.git" or like "host.xz:/path/to/repo.git" will be
 984 rewritten in any context that takes a URL to be "git://git.host.xz/repo.git".</p>
 985 </div>
 986 <div class="paragraph">
 987 <p>If you want to rewrite URLs for push only, you can create a
 988 configuration section of the form:</p>
 989 </div>
 990 <div class="verseblock">
 991 <pre class="content">        [url "<em>&lt;actual-url-base&gt;</em>"]
 992                 pushInsteadOf = <em>&lt;other-url-base&gt;</em></pre>
 993 </div>
 994 <div class="paragraph">
 995 <p>For example, with this:</p>
 996 </div>
 997 <div class="listingblock">
 998 <div class="content">
 999 <pre>        [url "ssh://example.org/"]
1000                 pushInsteadOf = git://example.org/</pre>
1001 </div>
1002 </div>
1003 <div class="paragraph">
1004 <p>a URL like "git://example.org/path/to/repo.git" will be rewritten to
1005 "ssh://example.org/path/to/repo.git" for pushes, but pulls will still
1006 use the original URL.</p>
1007 </div>
1008 </div>
1009 </div>
1010 <div class="sect1">
1011 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
1012 <div class="sectionbody">
1013 <div class="ulist">
1014 <ul>
1015 <li>
1016 <p>Clone from upstream:</p>
1017 <div class="listingblock">
1018 <div class="content">
1019 <pre>$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git my-linux
1020 $ cd my-linux
1021 $ make</pre>
1022 </div>
1023 </div>
1024 </li>
1025 <li>
1026 <p>Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:</p>
1027 <div class="listingblock">
1028 <div class="content">
1029 <pre>$ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
1030 $ cd ../copy
1031 $ git show-branch</pre>
1032 </div>
1033 </div>
1034 </li>
1035 <li>
1036 <p>Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:</p>
1037 <div class="listingblock">
1038 <div class="content">
1039 <pre>$ git clone --reference /git/linux.git \
1040         git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git \
1041         my-linux
1042 $ cd my-linux</pre>
1043 </div>
1044 </div>
1045 </li>
1046 <li>
1047 <p>Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:</p>
1048 <div class="listingblock">
1049 <div class="content">
1050 <pre>$ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git</pre>
1051 </div>
1052 </div>
1053 </li>
1054 </ul>
1055 </div>
1056 </div>
1057 </div>
1058 <div class="sect1">
1059 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
1060 <div class="sectionbody">
1061 <div class="paragraph">
1062 <p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
1063 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
1064 as what&#8217;s found there:</p>
1065 </div>
1066 <div class="dlist">
1067 <dl>
1068 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.templateDir</code></dt>
1069 <dd>
1070 <p>Specify the directory from which templates will be copied. (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>.)</p>
1071 </dd>
1072 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultBranch</code></dt>
1073 <dd>
1074 <p>Allows overriding the default branch name e.g. when initializing
1075 a new repository.</p>
1076 </dd>
1077 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultObjectFormat</code></dt>
1078 <dd>
1079 <p>Allows overriding the default object format for new repositories. See
1080 <code>--object-format=</code> in <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>. Both the command line option
1081 and the <code>GIT_DEFAULT_HASH</code> environment variable take precedence over
1082 this config.</p>
1083 </dd>
1084 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultRefFormat</code></dt>
1085 <dd>
1086 <p>Allows overriding the default ref storage format for new repositories.
1087 See <code>--ref-format=</code> in <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>. Both the command line
1088 option and the <code>GIT_DEFAULT_REF_FORMAT</code> environment variable take
1089 precedence over this config.</p>
1090 </dd>
1091 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>clone.defaultRemoteName</code></dt>
1092 <dd>
1093 <p>The name of the remote to create when cloning a repository.  Defaults to
1094 <code>origin</code>.
1095 It can be overridden by passing the <code>--origin</code> command-line
1096 option.</p>
1097 </dd>
1098 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>clone.rejectShallow</code></dt>
1099 <dd>
1100 <p>Reject cloning a repository if it is a shallow one; this can be overridden by
1101 passing the <code>--reject-shallow</code> option on the command line.</p>
1102 </dd>
1103 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>clone.filterSubmodules</code></dt>
1104 <dd>
1105 <p>If a partial clone filter is provided (see <code>--filter</code> in
1106 <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a>) and <code>--recurse-submodules</code> is used, also apply
1107 the filter to submodules.</p>
1108 </dd>
1109 </dl>
1110 </div>
1111 </div>
1112 </div>
1113 <div class="sect1">
1114 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1115 <div class="sectionbody">
1116 <div class="paragraph">
1117 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
1118 </div>
1119 </div>
1120 </div>
1121 </div>
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1123 <div id="footer-text">
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