git-for-each-ref.html

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 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-for-each-ref(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><em>git for-each-ref</em> [--count=&lt;count&gt;] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
 455                    [(--sort=&lt;key&gt;)&#8230;&#8203;] [--format=&lt;format&gt;]
 456                    [--include-root-refs] [ --stdin | &lt;pattern&gt;&#8230;&#8203; ]
 457                    [--points-at=&lt;object&gt;]
 458                    [--merged[=&lt;object&gt;]] [--no-merged[=&lt;object&gt;]]
 459                    [--contains[=&lt;object&gt;]] [--no-contains[=&lt;object&gt;]]
 460                    [--exclude=&lt;pattern&gt; &#8230;&#8203;]</pre>
 461 </div>
 462 </div>
 463 </div>
 464 <div class="sect1">
 465 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 466 <div class="sectionbody">
 467 <div class="paragraph">
 468 <p>Iterate over all refs that match <code>&lt;pattern&gt;</code> and show them
 469 according to the given <code>&lt;format&gt;</code>, after sorting them according
 470 to the given set of <code>&lt;key&gt;</code>.  If <code>&lt;count&gt;</code> is given, stop after
 471 showing that many refs.  The interpolated values in <code>&lt;format&gt;</code>
 472 can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
 473 host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.</p>
 474 </div>
 475 </div>
 476 </div>
 477 <div class="sect1">
 478 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 479 <div class="sectionbody">
 480 <div class="dlist">
 481 <dl>
 482 <dt class="hdlist1">&lt;pattern&gt;&#8230;&#8203;</dt>
 483 <dd>
 484 <p>If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
 485 match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
 486 literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
 487 beginning up to a slash.</p>
 488 </dd>
 489 <dt class="hdlist1">--stdin</dt>
 490 <dd>
 491 <p>If <code>--stdin</code> is supplied, then the list of patterns is read from
 492 standard input instead of from the argument list.</p>
 493 </dd>
 494 <dt class="hdlist1">--count=&lt;count&gt;</dt>
 495 <dd>
 496 <p>By default the command shows all refs that match
 497 <code>&lt;pattern&gt;</code>.  This option makes it stop after showing
 498 that many refs.</p>
 499 </dd>
 500 <dt class="hdlist1">--sort=&lt;key&gt;</dt>
 501 <dd>
 502 <p>A field name to sort on.  Prefix <code>-</code> to sort in
 503 descending order of the value.  When unspecified,
 504 <code>refname</code> is used.  You may use the --sort=&lt;key&gt; option
 505 multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
 506 key.</p>
 507 </dd>
 508 <dt class="hdlist1">--format=&lt;format&gt;</dt>
 509 <dd>
 510 <p>A string that interpolates <code>%(fieldname)</code> from a ref being shown and
 511 the object it points at. In addition, the string literal <code>%%</code>
 512 renders as <code>%</code> and <code>%xx</code> - where <code>xx</code> are hex digits - renders as
 513 the character with hex code <code>xx</code>. For example, <code>%00</code> interpolates to
 514 <code>\0</code> (NUL), <code>%09</code> to <code>\t</code> (TAB), and <code>%0a</code> to <code>\n</code> (LF).</p>
 515 <div class="paragraph">
 516 <p>When unspecified, <code>&lt;format&gt;</code> defaults to <code>%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype)
 517 TAB %(refname)</code>.</p>
 518 </div>
 519 </dd>
 520 <dt class="hdlist1">--color[=&lt;when&gt;]</dt>
 521 <dd>
 522 <p>Respect any colors specified in the <code>--format</code> option. The
 523 <code>&lt;when&gt;</code> field must be one of <code>always</code>, <code>never</code>, or <code>auto</code> (if
 524 <code>&lt;when&gt;</code> is absent, behave as if <code>always</code> was given).</p>
 525 </dd>
 526 <dt class="hdlist1">--shell</dt>
 527 <dt class="hdlist1">--perl</dt>
 528 <dt class="hdlist1">--python</dt>
 529 <dt class="hdlist1">--tcl</dt>
 530 <dd>
 531 <p>If given, strings that substitute <code>%(fieldname)</code>
 532 placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
 533 the specified host language.  This is meant to produce
 534 a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.</p>
 535 </dd>
 536 <dt class="hdlist1">--points-at=&lt;object&gt;</dt>
 537 <dd>
 538 <p>Only list refs which points at the given object.</p>
 539 </dd>
 540 <dt class="hdlist1">--merged[=&lt;object&gt;]</dt>
 541 <dd>
 542 <p>Only list refs whose tips are reachable from the
 543 specified commit (HEAD if not specified).</p>
 544 </dd>
 545 <dt class="hdlist1">--no-merged[=&lt;object&gt;]</dt>
 546 <dd>
 547 <p>Only list refs whose tips are not reachable from the
 548 specified commit (HEAD if not specified).</p>
 549 </dd>
 550 <dt class="hdlist1">--contains[=&lt;object&gt;]</dt>
 551 <dd>
 552 <p>Only list refs which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
 553 specified).</p>
 554 </dd>
 555 <dt class="hdlist1">--no-contains[=&lt;object&gt;]</dt>
 556 <dd>
 557 <p>Only list refs which don&#8217;t contain the specified commit (HEAD
 558 if not specified).</p>
 559 </dd>
 560 <dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-case</dt>
 561 <dd>
 562 <p>Sorting and filtering refs are case insensitive.</p>
 563 </dd>
 564 <dt class="hdlist1">--omit-empty</dt>
 565 <dd>
 566 <p>Do not print a newline after formatted refs where the format expands
 567 to the empty string.</p>
 568 </dd>
 569 <dt class="hdlist1">--exclude=&lt;pattern&gt;</dt>
 570 <dd>
 571 <p>If one or more patterns are given, only refs which do not match
 572 any excluded pattern(s) are shown. Matching is done using the
 573 same rules as <code>&lt;pattern&gt;</code> above.</p>
 574 </dd>
 575 <dt class="hdlist1">--include-root-refs</dt>
 576 <dd>
 577 <p>List root refs (HEAD and pseudorefs) apart from regular refs.</p>
 578 </dd>
 579 </dl>
 580 </div>
 581 </div>
 582 </div>
 583 <div class="sect1">
 584 <h2 id="_field_names">FIELD NAMES</h2>
 585 <div class="sectionbody">
 586 <div class="paragraph">
 587 <p>Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
 588 be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
 589 keys.</p>
 590 </div>
 591 <div class="paragraph">
 592 <p>For all objects, the following names can be used:</p>
 593 </div>
 594 <div class="dlist">
 595 <dl>
 596 <dt class="hdlist1">refname</dt>
 597 <dd>
 598 <p>The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
 599 For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append <code>:short</code>.
 600 The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
 601 abbreviation mode. If <code>lstrip=&lt;N&gt;</code> (<code>rstrip=&lt;N&gt;</code>) is appended, strips <code>&lt;N&gt;</code>
 602 slash-separated path components from the front (back) of the refname
 603 (e.g. <code>%(refname:lstrip=2)</code> turns <code>refs/tags/foo</code> into <code>foo</code> and
 604 <code>%(refname:rstrip=2)</code> turns <code>refs/tags/foo</code> into <code>refs</code>).
 605 If <code>&lt;N&gt;</code> is a negative number, strip as many path components as
 606 necessary from the specified end to leave <code>-&lt;N&gt;</code> path components
 607 (e.g. <code>%(refname:lstrip=-2)</code> turns
 608 <code>refs/tags/foo</code> into <code>tags/foo</code> and <code>%(refname:rstrip=-1)</code>
 609 turns <code>refs/tags/foo</code> into <code>refs</code>). When the ref does not have
 610 enough components, the result becomes an empty string if
 611 stripping with positive &lt;N&gt;, or it becomes the full refname if
 612 stripping with negative &lt;N&gt;.  Neither is an error.</p>
 613 <div class="paragraph">
 614 <p><code>strip</code> can be used as a synonym to <code>lstrip</code>.</p>
 615 </div>
 616 </dd>
 617 <dt class="hdlist1">objecttype</dt>
 618 <dd>
 619 <p>The type of the object (<code>blob</code>, <code>tree</code>, <code>commit</code>, <code>tag</code>).</p>
 620 </dd>
 621 <dt class="hdlist1">objectsize</dt>
 622 <dd>
 623 <p>The size of the object (the same as <em>git cat-file -s</em> reports).
 624 Append <code>:disk</code> to get the size, in bytes, that the object takes up on
 625 disk. See the note about on-disk sizes in the <code>CAVEATS</code> section below.</p>
 626 </dd>
 627 <dt class="hdlist1">objectname</dt>
 628 <dd>
 629 <p>The object name (aka SHA-1).
 630 For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append <code>:short</code>.
 631 For an abbreviation of the object name with desired length append
 632 <code>:short=&lt;length&gt;</code>, where the minimum length is MINIMUM_ABBREV. The
 633 length may be exceeded to ensure unique object names.</p>
 634 </dd>
 635 <dt class="hdlist1">deltabase</dt>
 636 <dd>
 637 <p>This expands to the object name of the delta base for the
 638 given object, if it is stored as a delta.  Otherwise it
 639 expands to the null object name (all zeroes).</p>
 640 </dd>
 641 <dt class="hdlist1">upstream</dt>
 642 <dd>
 643 <p>The name of a local ref which can be considered &#8220;upstream&#8221;
 644 from the displayed ref. Respects <code>:short</code>, <code>:lstrip</code> and
 645 <code>:rstrip</code> in the same way as <code>refname</code> above.  Additionally
 646 respects <code>:track</code> to show "[ahead N, behind M]" and
 647 <code>:trackshort</code> to show the terse version: "&gt;" (ahead), "&lt;"
 648 (behind), "&lt;&gt;" (ahead and behind), or "=" (in sync). <code>:track</code>
 649 also prints "[gone]" whenever unknown upstream ref is
 650 encountered. Append <code>:track,nobracket</code> to show tracking
 651 information without brackets (i.e "ahead N, behind M").</p>
 652 <div class="paragraph">
 653 <p>For any remote-tracking branch <code>%(upstream)</code>, <code>%(upstream:remotename)</code>
 654 and <code>%(upstream:remoteref)</code> refer to the name of the remote and the
 655 name of the tracked remote ref, respectively. In other words, the
 656 remote-tracking branch can be updated explicitly and individually by
 657 using the refspec <code>%(upstream:remoteref):%(upstream)</code> to fetch from
 658 <code>%(upstream:remotename)</code>.</p>
 659 </div>
 660 <div class="paragraph">
 661 <p>Has no effect if the ref does not have tracking information associated
 662 with it.  All the options apart from <code>nobracket</code> are mutually exclusive,
 663 but if used together the last option is selected.</p>
 664 </div>
 665 </dd>
 666 <dt class="hdlist1">push</dt>
 667 <dd>
 668 <p>The name of a local ref which represents the <code>@{push}</code>
 669 location for the displayed ref. Respects <code>:short</code>, <code>:lstrip</code>,
 670 <code>:rstrip</code>, <code>:track</code>, <code>:trackshort</code>, <code>:remotename</code>, and <code>:remoteref</code>
 671 options as <code>upstream</code> does. Produces an empty string if no <code>@{push}</code>
 672 ref is configured.</p>
 673 </dd>
 674 <dt class="hdlist1">HEAD</dt>
 675 <dd>
 676 <p><em>*</em> if HEAD matches current ref (the checked out branch), ' '
 677 otherwise.</p>
 678 </dd>
 679 <dt class="hdlist1">color</dt>
 680 <dd>
 681 <p>Change output color. Followed by <code>:&lt;colorname&gt;</code>, where color
 682 names are described under Values in the "CONFIGURATION FILE"
 683 section of <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.  For example,
 684 <code>%(color:bold red)</code>.</p>
 685 </dd>
 686 <dt class="hdlist1">align</dt>
 687 <dd>
 688 <p>Left-, middle-, or right-align the content between
 689 %(align:&#8230;&#8203;) and %(end). The "align:" is followed by
 690 <code>width=&lt;width&gt;</code> and <code>position=&lt;position&gt;</code> in any order
 691 separated by a comma, where the <code>&lt;position&gt;</code> is either left,
 692 right or middle, default being left and <code>&lt;width&gt;</code> is the total
 693 length of the content with alignment. For brevity, the
 694 "width=" and/or "position=" prefixes may be omitted, and bare
 695 &lt;width&gt; and &lt;position&gt; used instead.  For instance,
 696 <code>%(align:&lt;width&gt;,&lt;position&gt;)</code>. If the contents length is more
 697 than the width then no alignment is performed. If used with
 698 <code>--quote</code> everything in between %(align:&#8230;&#8203;) and %(end) is
 699 quoted, but if nested then only the topmost level performs
 700 quoting.</p>
 701 </dd>
 702 <dt class="hdlist1">if</dt>
 703 <dd>
 704 <p>Used as %(if)&#8230;&#8203;%(then)&#8230;&#8203;%(end) or
 705 %(if)&#8230;&#8203;%(then)&#8230;&#8203;%(else)&#8230;&#8203;%(end).  If there is an atom with
 706 value or string literal after the %(if) then everything after
 707 the %(then) is printed, else if the %(else) atom is used, then
 708 everything after %(else) is printed. We ignore space when
 709 evaluating the string before %(then), this is useful when we
 710 use the %(HEAD) atom which prints either "*" or " " and we
 711 want to apply the <em>if</em> condition only on the <em>HEAD</em> ref.
 712 Append ":equals=&lt;string&gt;" or ":notequals=&lt;string&gt;" to compare
 713 the value between the %(if:&#8230;&#8203;) and %(then) atoms with the
 714 given string.</p>
 715 </dd>
 716 <dt class="hdlist1">symref</dt>
 717 <dd>
 718 <p>The ref which the given symbolic ref refers to. If not a
 719 symbolic ref, nothing is printed. Respects the <code>:short</code>,
 720 <code>:lstrip</code> and <code>:rstrip</code> options in the same way as <code>refname</code>
 721 above.</p>
 722 </dd>
 723 <dt class="hdlist1">signature</dt>
 724 <dd>
 725 <p>The GPG signature of a commit.</p>
 726 </dd>
 727 <dt class="hdlist1">signature:grade</dt>
 728 <dd>
 729 <p>Show "G" for a good (valid) signature, "B" for a bad
 730 signature, "U" for a good signature with unknown validity, "X"
 731 for a good signature that has expired, "Y" for a good
 732 signature made by an expired key, "R" for a good signature
 733 made by a revoked key, "E" if the signature cannot be
 734 checked (e.g. missing key) and "N" for no signature.</p>
 735 </dd>
 736 <dt class="hdlist1">signature:signer</dt>
 737 <dd>
 738 <p>The signer of the GPG signature of a commit.</p>
 739 </dd>
 740 <dt class="hdlist1">signature:key</dt>
 741 <dd>
 742 <p>The key of the GPG signature of a commit.</p>
 743 </dd>
 744 <dt class="hdlist1">signature:fingerprint</dt>
 745 <dd>
 746 <p>The fingerprint of the GPG signature of a commit.</p>
 747 </dd>
 748 <dt class="hdlist1">signature:primarykeyfingerprint</dt>
 749 <dd>
 750 <p>The primary key fingerprint of the GPG signature of a commit.</p>
 751 </dd>
 752 <dt class="hdlist1">signature:trustlevel</dt>
 753 <dd>
 754 <p>The trust level of the GPG signature of a commit. Possible
 755 outputs are <code>ultimate</code>, <code>fully</code>, <code>marginal</code>, <code>never</code> and <code>undefined</code>.</p>
 756 </dd>
 757 <dt class="hdlist1">worktreepath</dt>
 758 <dd>
 759 <p>The absolute path to the worktree in which the ref is checked
 760 out, if it is checked out in any linked worktree. Empty string
 761 otherwise.</p>
 762 </dd>
 763 <dt class="hdlist1">ahead-behind:&lt;committish&gt;</dt>
 764 <dd>
 765 <p>Two integers, separated by a space, demonstrating the number of
 766 commits ahead and behind, respectively, when comparing the output
 767 ref to the <code>&lt;committish&gt;</code> specified in the format.</p>
 768 </dd>
 769 <dt class="hdlist1">is-base:&lt;committish&gt;</dt>
 770 <dd>
 771 <p>In at most one row, <code>(&lt;committish&gt;)</code> will appear to indicate the ref
 772 that is most likely the ref used as a starting point for the branch
 773 that produced <code>&lt;committish&gt;</code>. This choice is made using a heuristic:
 774 choose the ref that minimizes the number of commits in the
 775 first-parent history of <code>&lt;committish&gt;</code> and not in the first-parent
 776 history of the ref.</p>
 777 <div class="paragraph">
 778 <p>For example, consider the following figure of first-parent histories of
 779 several refs:</p>
 780 </div>
 781 <div class="listingblock">
 782 <div class="content">
 783 <pre>*--*--*--*--*--* refs/heads/A
 784 \
 785  \
 786   *--*--*--* refs/heads/B
 787    \     \
 788     \     \
 789      *     * refs/heads/C
 790       \
 791        \
 792         *--* refs/heads/D</pre>
 793 </div>
 794 </div>
 795 <div class="paragraph">
 796 <p>Here, if <code>A</code>, <code>B</code>, and <code>C</code> are the filtered references, and the format
 797 string is <code>%(refname):%(is-base:D)</code>, then the output would be</p>
 798 </div>
 799 <div class="listingblock">
 800 <div class="content">
 801 <pre>refs/heads/A:
 802 refs/heads/B:(D)
 803 refs/heads/C:</pre>
 804 </div>
 805 </div>
 806 <div class="paragraph">
 807 <p>This is because the first-parent history of <code>D</code> has its earliest
 808 intersection with the first-parent histories of the filtered refs at a
 809 common first-parent ancestor of <code>B</code> and <code>C</code> and ties are broken by the
 810 earliest ref in the sorted order.</p>
 811 </div>
 812 <div class="paragraph">
 813 <p>Note that this token will not appear if the first-parent history of
 814 <code>&lt;committish&gt;</code> does not intersect the first-parent histories of the
 815 filtered refs.</p>
 816 </div>
 817 </dd>
 818 <dt class="hdlist1">describe[:options]</dt>
 819 <dd>
 820 <p>A human-readable name, like <a href="git-describe.html">git-describe(1)</a>;
 821 empty string for undescribable commits. The <code>describe</code> string may
 822 be followed by a colon and one or more comma-separated options.</p>
 823 <div class="openblock">
 824 <div class="content">
 825 <div class="dlist">
 826 <dl>
 827 <dt class="hdlist1">tags=&lt;bool-value&gt;</dt>
 828 <dd>
 829 <p>Instead of only considering annotated tags, consider
 830 lightweight tags as well; see the corresponding option in
 831 <a href="git-describe.html">git-describe(1)</a> for details.</p>
 832 </dd>
 833 <dt class="hdlist1">abbrev=&lt;number&gt;</dt>
 834 <dd>
 835 <p>Use at least &lt;number&gt; hexadecimal digits; see the corresponding
 836 option in <a href="git-describe.html">git-describe(1)</a> for details.</p>
 837 </dd>
 838 <dt class="hdlist1">match=&lt;pattern&gt;</dt>
 839 <dd>
 840 <p>Only consider tags matching the given <code>glob(7)</code> pattern,
 841 excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix; see the corresponding option
 842 in <a href="git-describe.html">git-describe(1)</a> for details.</p>
 843 </dd>
 844 <dt class="hdlist1">exclude=&lt;pattern&gt;</dt>
 845 <dd>
 846 <p>Do not consider tags matching the given <code>glob(7)</code> pattern,
 847 excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix; see the corresponding option
 848 in <a href="git-describe.html">git-describe(1)</a> for details.</p>
 849 </dd>
 850 </dl>
 851 </div>
 852 </div>
 853 </div>
 854 </dd>
 855 </dl>
 856 </div>
 857 <div class="paragraph">
 858 <p>In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 859 field names (<code>tree</code>, <code>parent</code>, <code>object</code>, <code>type</code>, and <code>tag</code>) can
 860 be used to specify the value in the header field.
 861 Fields <code>tree</code> and <code>parent</code> can also be used with modifier <code>:short</code> and
 862 <code>:short=&lt;length&gt;</code> just like <code>objectname</code>.</p>
 863 </div>
 864 <div class="paragraph">
 865 <p>For commit and tag objects, the special <code>creatordate</code> and <code>creator</code>
 866 fields will correspond to the appropriate date or name-email-date tuple
 867 from the <code>committer</code> or <code>tagger</code> fields depending on the object type.
 868 These are intended for working on a mix of annotated and lightweight tags.</p>
 869 </div>
 870 <div class="paragraph">
 871 <p>For tag objects, a <code>fieldname</code> prefixed with an asterisk (<code>*</code>) expands to
 872 the <code>fieldname</code> value of the peeled object, rather than that of the tag
 873 object itself.</p>
 874 </div>
 875 <div class="paragraph">
 876 <p>Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (<code>author</code>,
 877 <code>committer</code>, and <code>tagger</code>) can be suffixed with <code>name</code>, <code>email</code>,
 878 and <code>date</code> to extract the named component.  For email fields (<code>authoremail</code>,
 879 <code>committeremail</code> and <code>taggeremail</code>), <code>:trim</code> can be appended to get the email
 880 without angle brackets, and <code>:localpart</code> to get the part before the <code>@</code> symbol
 881 out of the trimmed email. In addition to these, the <code>:mailmap</code> option and the
 882 corresponding <code>:mailmap,trim</code> and <code>:mailmap,localpart</code> can be used (order does
 883 not matter) to get values of the name and email according to the .mailmap file
 884 or according to the file set in the mailmap.file or mailmap.blob configuration
 885 variable (see <a href="gitmailmap.html">gitmailmap(5)</a>).</p>
 886 </div>
 887 <div class="paragraph">
 888 <p>The raw data in an object is <code>raw</code>.</p>
 889 </div>
 890 <div class="dlist">
 891 <dl>
 892 <dt class="hdlist1">raw:size</dt>
 893 <dd>
 894 <p>The raw data size of the object.</p>
 895 </dd>
 896 </dl>
 897 </div>
 898 <div class="paragraph">
 899 <p>Note that <code>--format=%(raw)</code> can not be used with <code>--python</code>, <code>--shell</code>, <code>--tcl</code>,
 900 because such language may not support arbitrary binary data in their string
 901 variable type.</p>
 902 </div>
 903 <div class="paragraph">
 904 <p>The message in a commit or a tag object is <code>contents</code>, from which
 905 <code>contents:&lt;part&gt;</code> can be used to extract various parts out of:</p>
 906 </div>
 907 <div class="dlist">
 908 <dl>
 909 <dt class="hdlist1">contents:size</dt>
 910 <dd>
 911 <p>The size in bytes of the commit or tag message.</p>
 912 </dd>
 913 <dt class="hdlist1">contents:subject</dt>
 914 <dd>
 915 <p>The first paragraph of the message, which typically is a
 916 single line, is taken as the "subject" of the commit or the
 917 tag message.
 918 Instead of <code>contents:subject</code>, field <code>subject</code> can also be used to
 919 obtain same results. <code>:sanitize</code> can be appended to <code>subject</code> for
 920 subject line suitable for filename.</p>
 921 </dd>
 922 <dt class="hdlist1">contents:body</dt>
 923 <dd>
 924 <p>The remainder of the commit or the tag message that follows
 925 the "subject".</p>
 926 </dd>
 927 <dt class="hdlist1">contents:signature</dt>
 928 <dd>
 929 <p>The optional GPG signature of the tag.</p>
 930 </dd>
 931 <dt class="hdlist1">contents:lines=N</dt>
 932 <dd>
 933 <p>The first <code>N</code> lines of the message.</p>
 934 </dd>
 935 </dl>
 936 </div>
 937 <div class="paragraph">
 938 <p>Additionally, the trailers as interpreted by <a href="git-interpret-trailers.html">git-interpret-trailers(1)</a>
 939 are obtained as <code>trailers[:options]</code> (or by using the historical alias
 940 <code>contents:trailers[:options]</code>). For valid [:option] values see <code>trailers</code>
 941 section of <a href="git-log.html">git-log(1)</a>.</p>
 942 </div>
 943 <div class="paragraph">
 944 <p>For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric order
 945 (<code>objectsize</code>, <code>authordate</code>, <code>committerdate</code>, <code>creatordate</code>, <code>taggerdate</code>).
 946 All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.</p>
 947 </div>
 948 <div class="paragraph">
 949 <p>There is also an option to sort by versions, this can be done by using
 950 the fieldname <code>version:refname</code> or its alias <code>v:refname</code>.</p>
 951 </div>
 952 <div class="paragraph">
 953 <p>In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
 954 the object referred by the ref does not cause an error.  It
 955 returns an empty string instead.</p>
 956 </div>
 957 <div class="paragraph">
 958 <p>As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for the
 959 date by adding <code>:</code> followed by date format name (see the values the <code>--date</code>
 960 option to <a href="git-rev-list.html">git-rev-list(1)</a> takes). If this formatting is provided in
 961 a <code>--sort</code> key, references will be sorted according to the byte-value of the
 962 formatted string rather than the numeric value of the underlying timestamp.</p>
 963 </div>
 964 <div class="paragraph">
 965 <p>Some atoms like %(align) and %(if) always require a matching %(end).
 966 We call them "opening atoms" and sometimes denote them as %($open).</p>
 967 </div>
 968 <div class="paragraph">
 969 <p>When a scripting language specific quoting is in effect, everything
 970 between a top-level opening atom and its matching %(end) is evaluated
 971 according to the semantics of the opening atom and only its result
 972 from the top-level is quoted.</p>
 973 </div>
 974 </div>
 975 </div>
 976 <div class="sect1">
 977 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
 978 <div class="sectionbody">
 979 <div class="paragraph">
 980 <p>An example directly producing formatted text.  Show the most recent
 981 3 tagged commits:</p>
 982 </div>
 983 <div class="listingblock">
 984 <div class="content">
 985 <pre>#!/bin/sh
 986
 987 git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
 988 --format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
 989 Subject: %(*subject)
 990 Date: %(*authordate)
 991 Ref: %(*refname)
 992
 993 %(*body)
 994 ' 'refs/tags'</pre>
 995 </div>
 996 </div>
 997 <div class="paragraph">
 998 <p>A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
 999 demonstrating the use of --shell.  List the prefixes of all heads:</p>
1000 </div>
1001 <div class="listingblock">
1002 <div class="content">
1003 <pre>#!/bin/sh
1004
1005 git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
1006 while read entry
1007 do
1008         eval "$entry"
1009         echo `dirname $ref`
1010 done</pre>
1011 </div>
1012 </div>
1013 <div class="paragraph">
1014 <p>A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
1015 may be an entire script:</p>
1016 </div>
1017 <div class="listingblock">
1018 <div class="content">
1019 <pre>#!/bin/sh
1020
1021 fmt='
1022         r=%(refname)
1023         t=%(*objecttype)
1024         T=${r#refs/tags/}
1025
1026         o=%(*objectname)
1027         n=%(*authorname)
1028         e=%(*authoremail)
1029         s=%(*subject)
1030         d=%(*authordate)
1031         b=%(*body)
1032
1033         kind=Tag
1034         if test "z$t" = z
1035         then
1036                 # could be a lightweight tag
1037                 t=%(objecttype)
1038                 kind="Lightweight tag"
1039                 o=%(objectname)
1040                 n=%(authorname)
1041                 e=%(authoremail)
1042                 s=%(subject)
1043                 d=%(authordate)
1044                 b=%(body)
1045         fi
1046         echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
1047         if test "z$t" = zcommit
1048         then
1049                 echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
1050 at $d, and titled
1051
1052     $s
1053
1054 Its message reads as:
1055 "
1056                 echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/    /"
1057                 echo
1058         fi
1059 '
1060
1061 eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
1062         --sort='*objecttype' \
1063         --sort=-taggerdate \
1064         refs/tags`
1065 eval "$eval"</pre>
1066 </div>
1067 </div>
1068 <div class="paragraph">
1069 <p>An example to show the usage of %(if)&#8230;&#8203;%(then)&#8230;&#8203;%(else)&#8230;&#8203;%(end).
1070 This prefixes the current branch with a star.</p>
1071 </div>
1072 <div class="listingblock">
1073 <div class="content">
1074 <pre>git for-each-ref --format="%(if)%(HEAD)%(then)* %(else)  %(end)%(refname:short)" refs/heads/</pre>
1075 </div>
1076 </div>
1077 <div class="paragraph">
1078 <p>An example to show the usage of %(if)&#8230;&#8203;%(then)&#8230;&#8203;%(end).
1079 This prints the authorname, if present.</p>
1080 </div>
1081 <div class="listingblock">
1082 <div class="content">
1083 <pre>git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)%(if)%(authorname)%(then) Authored by: %(authorname)%(end)"</pre>
1084 </div>
1085 </div>
1086 </div>
1087 </div>
1088 <div class="sect1">
1089 <h2 id="_caveats">CAVEATS</h2>
1090 <div class="sectionbody">
1091 <div class="paragraph">
1092 <p>Note that the sizes of objects on disk are reported accurately, but care
1093 should be taken in drawing conclusions about which refs or objects are
1094 responsible for disk usage. The size of a packed non-delta object may be
1095 much larger than the size of objects which delta against it, but the
1096 choice of which object is the base and which is the delta is arbitrary
1097 and is subject to change during a repack.</p>
1098 </div>
1099 <div class="paragraph">
1100 <p>Note also that multiple copies of an object may be present in the object
1101 database; in this case, it is undefined which copy&#8217;s size or delta base
1102 will be reported.</p>
1103 </div>
1104 </div>
1105 </div>
1106 <div class="sect1">
1107 <h2 id="_notes">NOTES</h2>
1108 <div class="sectionbody">
1109 <div class="paragraph">
1110 <p>When combining multiple <code>--contains</code> and <code>--no-contains</code> filters, only
1111 references that contain at least one of the <code>--contains</code> commits and
1112 contain none of the <code>--no-contains</code> commits are shown.</p>
1113 </div>
1114 <div class="paragraph">
1115 <p>When combining multiple <code>--merged</code> and <code>--no-merged</code> filters, only
1116 references that are reachable from at least one of the <code>--merged</code>
1117 commits and from none of the <code>--no-merged</code> commits are shown.</p>
1118 </div>
1119 </div>
1120 </div>
1121 <div class="sect1">
1122 <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
1123 <div class="sectionbody">
1124 <div class="paragraph">
1125 <p><a href="git-show-ref.html">git-show-ref(1)</a></p>
1126 </div>
1127 </div>
1128 </div>
1129 <div class="sect1">
1130 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1131 <div class="sectionbody">
1132 <div class="paragraph">
1133 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
1134 </div>
1135 </div>
1136 </div>
1137 </div>
1138 <div id="footer">
1139 <div id="footer-text">
1140 Last updated 2024-08-26 15:45:16 -0700
1141 </div>
1142 </div>
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