git-daemon.html

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 441 <body class="manpage">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-daemon(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-daemon - A really simple server for Git repositories</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><em>git daemon</em> [--verbose] [--syslog] [--export-all]
 455              [--timeout=&lt;n&gt;] [--init-timeout=&lt;n&gt;] [--max-connections=&lt;n&gt;]
 456              [--strict-paths] [--base-path=&lt;path&gt;] [--base-path-relaxed]
 457              [--user-path | --user-path=&lt;path&gt;]
 458              [--interpolated-path=&lt;pathtemplate&gt;]
 459              [--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=&lt;file&gt;]
 460              [--enable=&lt;service&gt;] [--disable=&lt;service&gt;]
 461              [--allow-override=&lt;service&gt;] [--forbid-override=&lt;service&gt;]
 462              [--access-hook=&lt;path&gt;] [--[no-]informative-errors]
 463              [--inetd |
 464               [--listen=&lt;host-or-ipaddr&gt;] [--port=&lt;n&gt;]
 465               [--user=&lt;user&gt; [--group=&lt;group&gt;]]]
 466              [--log-destination=(stderr|syslog|none)]
 467              [&lt;directory&gt;&#8230;&#8203;]</pre>
 468 </div>
 469 </div>
 470 </div>
 471 <div class="sect1">
 472 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 473 <div class="sectionbody">
 474 <div class="paragraph">
 475 <p>A really simple TCP Git daemon that normally listens on port "DEFAULT_GIT_PORT"
 476 aka 9418.  It waits for a connection asking for a service, and will serve
 477 that service if it is enabled.</p>
 478 </div>
 479 <div class="paragraph">
 480 <p>It verifies that the directory has the magic file "git-daemon-export-ok", and
 481 it will refuse to export any Git directory that hasn&#8217;t explicitly been marked
 482 for export this way (unless the <code>--export-all</code> parameter is specified). If you
 483 pass some directory paths as <em>git daemon</em> arguments, the offers are limited to
 484 repositories within those directories.</p>
 485 </div>
 486 <div class="paragraph">
 487 <p>By default, only <code>upload-pack</code> service is enabled, which serves
 488 <em>git fetch-pack</em> and <em>git ls-remote</em> clients, which are invoked
 489 from <em>git fetch</em>, <em>git pull</em>, and <em>git clone</em>.</p>
 490 </div>
 491 <div class="paragraph">
 492 <p>This is ideally suited for read-only updates, i.e., pulling from
 493 Git repositories.</p>
 494 </div>
 495 <div class="paragraph">
 496 <p>An <code>upload-archive</code> also exists to serve <em>git archive</em>.</p>
 497 </div>
 498 </div>
 499 </div>
 500 <div class="sect1">
 501 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 502 <div class="sectionbody">
 503 <div class="dlist">
 504 <dl>
 505 <dt class="hdlist1">--strict-paths</dt>
 506 <dd>
 507 <p>Match paths exactly (i.e. don&#8217;t allow "/foo/repo" when the real path is
 508 "/foo/repo.git" or "/foo/repo/.git") and don&#8217;t do user-relative paths.
 509 <em>git daemon</em> will refuse to start when this option is enabled and no
 510 directory arguments are provided.</p>
 511 </dd>
 512 <dt class="hdlist1">--base-path=&lt;path&gt;</dt>
 513 <dd>
 514 <p>Remap all the path requests as relative to the given path.
 515 This is sort of "Git root" - if you run <em>git daemon</em> with
 516 <em>--base-path=/srv/git</em> on example.com, then if you later try to pull
 517 <em>git://example.com/hello.git</em>, <em>git daemon</em> will interpret the path
 518 as <code>/srv/git/hello.git</code>.</p>
 519 </dd>
 520 <dt class="hdlist1">--base-path-relaxed</dt>
 521 <dd>
 522 <p>If --base-path is enabled and repo lookup fails, with this option
 523 <em>git daemon</em> will attempt to lookup without prefixing the base path.
 524 This is useful for switching to --base-path usage, while still
 525 allowing the old paths.</p>
 526 </dd>
 527 <dt class="hdlist1">--interpolated-path=&lt;pathtemplate&gt;</dt>
 528 <dd>
 529 <p>To support virtual hosting, an interpolated path template can be
 530 used to dynamically construct alternate paths.  The template
 531 supports %H for the target hostname as supplied by the client but
 532 converted to all lowercase, %CH for the canonical hostname,
 533 %IP for the server&#8217;s IP address, %P for the port number,
 534 and %D for the absolute path of the named repository.
 535 After interpolation, the path is validated against the directory
 536 list.</p>
 537 </dd>
 538 <dt class="hdlist1">--export-all</dt>
 539 <dd>
 540 <p>Allow pulling from all directories that look like Git repositories
 541 (have the <em>objects</em> and <em>refs</em> subdirectories), even if they
 542 do not have the <em>git-daemon-export-ok</em> file.</p>
 543 </dd>
 544 <dt class="hdlist1">--inetd</dt>
 545 <dd>
 546 <p>Have the server run as an inetd service. Implies --syslog (may be
 547 overridden with <code>--log-destination=</code>).
 548 Incompatible with --detach, --port, --listen, --user and --group
 549 options.</p>
 550 </dd>
 551 <dt class="hdlist1">--listen=&lt;host-or-ipaddr&gt;</dt>
 552 <dd>
 553 <p>Listen on a specific IP address or hostname.  IP addresses can
 554 be either an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address if supported.  If IPv6
 555 is not supported, then --listen=&lt;hostname&gt; is also not supported and
 556 --listen must be given an IPv4 address.
 557 Can be given more than once.
 558 Incompatible with <code>--inetd</code> option.</p>
 559 </dd>
 560 <dt class="hdlist1">--port=&lt;n&gt;</dt>
 561 <dd>
 562 <p>Listen on an alternative port.  Incompatible with <code>--inetd</code> option.</p>
 563 </dd>
 564 <dt class="hdlist1">--init-timeout=&lt;n&gt;</dt>
 565 <dd>
 566 <p>Timeout (in seconds) between the moment the connection is established
 567 and the client request is received (typically a rather low value, since
 568 that should be basically immediate).</p>
 569 </dd>
 570 <dt class="hdlist1">--timeout=&lt;n&gt;</dt>
 571 <dd>
 572 <p>Timeout (in seconds) for specific client sub-requests. This includes
 573 the time it takes for the server to process the sub-request and the
 574 time spent waiting for the next client&#8217;s request.</p>
 575 </dd>
 576 <dt class="hdlist1">--max-connections=&lt;n&gt;</dt>
 577 <dd>
 578 <p>Maximum number of concurrent clients, defaults to 32.  Set it to
 579 zero for no limit.</p>
 580 </dd>
 581 <dt class="hdlist1">--syslog</dt>
 582 <dd>
 583 <p>Short for <code>--log-destination=syslog</code>.</p>
 584 </dd>
 585 <dt class="hdlist1">--log-destination=&lt;destination&gt;</dt>
 586 <dd>
 587 <p>Send log messages to the specified destination.
 588 Note that this option does not imply --verbose,
 589 thus by default only error conditions will be logged.
 590 The &lt;destination&gt; must be one of:</p>
 591 <div class="openblock">
 592 <div class="content">
 593 <div class="dlist">
 594 <dl>
 595 <dt class="hdlist1">stderr</dt>
 596 <dd>
 597 <p>Write to standard error.
 598 Note that if <code>--detach</code> is specified,
 599 the process disconnects from the real standard error,
 600 making this destination effectively equivalent to <code>none</code>.</p>
 601 </dd>
 602 <dt class="hdlist1">syslog</dt>
 603 <dd>
 604 <p>Write to syslog, using the <code>git-daemon</code> identifier.</p>
 605 </dd>
 606 <dt class="hdlist1">none</dt>
 607 <dd>
 608 <p>Disable all logging.</p>
 609 </dd>
 610 </dl>
 611 </div>
 612 </div>
 613 </div>
 614 <div class="paragraph">
 615 <p>The default destination is <code>syslog</code> if <code>--inetd</code> or <code>--detach</code> is specified,
 616 otherwise <code>stderr</code>.</p>
 617 </div>
 618 </dd>
 619 <dt class="hdlist1">--user-path</dt>
 620 <dt class="hdlist1">--user-path=&lt;path&gt;</dt>
 621 <dd>
 622 <p>Allow ~user notation to be used in requests.  When
 623 specified with no parameter, a request to
 624 git://host/~alice/foo is taken as a request to access
 625 <em>foo</em> repository in the home directory of user <code>alice</code>.
 626 If <code>--user-path=</code><em>&lt;path&gt;</em> is specified, the same request is
 627 taken as a request to access <em>&lt;path&gt;</em><code>/foo</code> repository in
 628 the home directory of user <code>alice</code>.</p>
 629 </dd>
 630 <dt class="hdlist1">--verbose</dt>
 631 <dd>
 632 <p>Log details about the incoming connections and requested files.</p>
 633 </dd>
 634 <dt class="hdlist1">--reuseaddr</dt>
 635 <dd>
 636 <p>Use SO_REUSEADDR when binding the listening socket.
 637 This allows the server to restart without waiting for
 638 old connections to time out.</p>
 639 </dd>
 640 <dt class="hdlist1">--detach</dt>
 641 <dd>
 642 <p>Detach from the shell. Implies --syslog.</p>
 643 </dd>
 644 <dt class="hdlist1">--pid-file=&lt;file&gt;</dt>
 645 <dd>
 646 <p>Save the process id in <em>file</em>.  Ignored when the daemon
 647 is run under <code>--inetd</code>.</p>
 648 </dd>
 649 <dt class="hdlist1">--user=&lt;user&gt;</dt>
 650 <dt class="hdlist1">--group=&lt;group&gt;</dt>
 651 <dd>
 652 <p>Change daemon&#8217;s uid and gid before entering the service loop.
 653 When only <code>--user</code> is given without <code>--group</code>, the
 654 primary group ID for the user is used.  The values of
 655 the option are given to <code>getpwnam</code>(<code>3</code>) and <code>getgrnam</code>(<code>3</code>)
 656 and numeric IDs are not supported.</p>
 657 <div class="paragraph">
 658 <p>Giving these options is an error when used with <code>--inetd</code>; use
 659 the facility of inet daemon to achieve the same before spawning
 660 <em>git daemon</em> if needed.</p>
 661 </div>
 662 <div class="paragraph">
 663 <p>Like many programs that switch user id, the daemon does not reset
 664 environment variables such as <code>$HOME</code> when it runs git programs,
 665 e.g. <code>upload-pack</code> and <code>receive-pack</code>. When using this option, you
 666 may also want to set and export <code>HOME</code> to point at the home
 667 directory of <em>&lt;user&gt;</em> before starting the daemon, and make sure any
 668 Git configuration files in that directory are readable by <em>&lt;user&gt;</em>.</p>
 669 </div>
 670 </dd>
 671 <dt class="hdlist1">--enable=&lt;service&gt;</dt>
 672 <dt class="hdlist1">--disable=&lt;service&gt;</dt>
 673 <dd>
 674 <p>Enable/disable the service site-wide per default.  Note
 675 that a service disabled site-wide can still be enabled
 676 per repository if it is marked overridable and the
 677 repository enables the service with a configuration
 678 item.</p>
 679 </dd>
 680 <dt class="hdlist1">--allow-override=&lt;service&gt;</dt>
 681 <dt class="hdlist1">--forbid-override=&lt;service&gt;</dt>
 682 <dd>
 683 <p>Allow/forbid overriding the site-wide default with per
 684 repository configuration.  By default, all the services
 685 may be overridden.</p>
 686 </dd>
 687 <dt class="hdlist1">--[no-]informative-errors</dt>
 688 <dd>
 689 <p>When informative errors are turned on, git-daemon will report
 690 more verbose errors to the client, differentiating conditions
 691 like "no such repository" from "repository not exported". This
 692 is more convenient for clients, but may leak information about
 693 the existence of unexported repositories.  When informative
 694 errors are not enabled, all errors report "access denied" to the
 695 client. The default is --no-informative-errors.</p>
 696 </dd>
 697 <dt class="hdlist1">--access-hook=&lt;path&gt;</dt>
 698 <dd>
 699 <p>Every time a client connects, first run an external command
 700 specified by the &lt;path&gt; with service name (e.g. "upload-pack"),
 701 path to the repository, hostname (%H), canonical hostname
 702 (%CH), IP address (%IP), and TCP port (%P) as its command-line
 703 arguments. The external command can decide to decline the
 704 service by exiting with a non-zero status (or to allow it by
 705 exiting with a zero status).  It can also look at the $REMOTE_ADDR
 706 and <code>$REMOTE_PORT</code> environment variables to learn about the
 707 requestor when making this decision.</p>
 708 <div class="paragraph">
 709 <p>The external command can optionally write a single line to its
 710 standard output to be sent to the requestor as an error message when
 711 it declines the service.</p>
 712 </div>
 713 </dd>
 714 <dt class="hdlist1">&lt;directory&gt;</dt>
 715 <dd>
 716 <p>The remaining arguments provide a list of directories. If any
 717 directories are specified, then the <code>git-daemon</code> process will
 718 serve a requested directory only if it is contained in one of
 719 these directories. If <code>--strict-paths</code> is specified, then the
 720 requested directory must match one of these directories exactly.</p>
 721 </dd>
 722 </dl>
 723 </div>
 724 </div>
 725 </div>
 726 <div class="sect1">
 727 <h2 id="_services">SERVICES</h2>
 728 <div class="sectionbody">
 729 <div class="paragraph">
 730 <p>These services can be globally enabled/disabled using the
 731 command-line options of this command.  If finer-grained
 732 control is desired (e.g. to allow <em>git archive</em> to be run
 733 against only in a few selected repositories the daemon serves),
 734 the per-repository configuration file can be used to enable or
 735 disable them.</p>
 736 </div>
 737 <div class="dlist">
 738 <dl>
 739 <dt class="hdlist1">upload-pack</dt>
 740 <dd>
 741 <p>This serves <em>git fetch-pack</em> and <em>git ls-remote</em>
 742 clients.  It is enabled by default, but a repository can
 743 disable it by setting <code>daemon.uploadpack</code> configuration
 744 item to <code>false</code>.</p>
 745 </dd>
 746 <dt class="hdlist1">upload-archive</dt>
 747 <dd>
 748 <p>This serves <em>git archive --remote</em>.  It is disabled by
 749 default, but a repository can enable it by setting
 750 <code>daemon.uploadarch</code> configuration item to <code>true</code>.</p>
 751 </dd>
 752 <dt class="hdlist1">receive-pack</dt>
 753 <dd>
 754 <p>This serves <em>git send-pack</em> clients, allowing anonymous
 755 push.  It is disabled by default, as there is <em>no</em>
 756 authentication in the protocol (in other words, anybody
 757 can push anything into the repository, including removal
 758 of refs).  This is solely meant for a closed LAN setting
 759 where everybody is friendly.  This service can be
 760 enabled by setting <code>daemon.receivepack</code> configuration item to
 761 <code>true</code>.</p>
 762 </dd>
 763 </dl>
 764 </div>
 765 </div>
 766 </div>
 767 <div class="sect1">
 768 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
 769 <div class="sectionbody">
 770 <div class="dlist">
 771 <dl>
 772 <dt class="hdlist1">We assume the following in /etc/services</dt>
 773 <dd>
 774 <div class="listingblock">
 775 <div class="content">
 776 <pre>$ grep 9418 /etc/services
 777 git             9418/tcp                # Git Version Control System</pre>
 778 </div>
 779 </div>
 780 </dd>
 781 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>git daemon</em> as inetd server</dt>
 782 <dd>
 783 <p>To set up <em>git daemon</em> as an inetd service that handles any
 784 repository within <code>/pub/foo</code> or <code>/pub/bar</code>, place an entry like
 785 the following into <code>/etc/inetd</code> all on one line:</p>
 786 <div class="listingblock">
 787 <div class="content">
 788 <pre>        git stream tcp nowait nobody  /usr/bin/git
 789                 git daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
 790                 /pub/foo /pub/bar</pre>
 791 </div>
 792 </div>
 793 </dd>
 794 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>git daemon</em> as inetd server for virtual hosts</dt>
 795 <dd>
 796 <p>To set up <em>git daemon</em> as an inetd service that handles
 797 repositories for different virtual hosts, <code>www.example.com</code>
 798 and <code>www.example.org</code>, place an entry like the following into
 799 <code>/etc/inetd</code> all on one line:</p>
 800 <div class="listingblock">
 801 <div class="content">
 802 <pre>        git stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/bin/git
 803                 git daemon --inetd --verbose --export-all
 804                 --interpolated-path=/pub/%H%D
 805                 /pub/www.example.org/software
 806                 /pub/www.example.com/software
 807                 /software</pre>
 808 </div>
 809 </div>
 810 <div class="paragraph">
 811 <p>In this example, the root-level directory <code>/pub</code> will contain
 812 a subdirectory for each virtual host name supported.
 813 Further, both hosts advertise repositories simply as
 814 <code>git://www.example.com/software/repo.git</code>.  For pre-1.4.0
 815 clients, a symlink from <code>/software</code> into the appropriate
 816 default repository could be made as well.</p>
 817 </div>
 818 </dd>
 819 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>git daemon</em> as regular daemon for virtual hosts</dt>
 820 <dd>
 821 <p>To set up <em>git daemon</em> as a regular, non-inetd service that
 822 handles repositories for multiple virtual hosts based on
 823 their IP addresses, start the daemon like this:</p>
 824 <div class="listingblock">
 825 <div class="content">
 826 <pre>        git daemon --verbose --export-all
 827                 --interpolated-path=/pub/%IP/%D
 828                 /pub/192.168.1.200/software
 829                 /pub/10.10.220.23/software</pre>
 830 </div>
 831 </div>
 832 <div class="paragraph">
 833 <p>In this example, the root-level directory <code>/pub</code> will contain
 834 a subdirectory for each virtual host IP address supported.
 835 Repositories can still be accessed by hostname though, assuming
 836 they correspond to these IP addresses.</p>
 837 </div>
 838 </dd>
 839 <dt class="hdlist1">selectively enable/disable services per repository</dt>
 840 <dd>
 841 <p>To enable <em>git archive --remote</em> and disable <em>git fetch</em> against
 842 a repository, have the following in the configuration file in the
 843 repository (that is the file <em>config</em> next to <code>HEAD</code>, <em>refs</em> and
 844 <em>objects</em>).</p>
 845 <div class="listingblock">
 846 <div class="content">
 847 <pre>        [daemon]
 848                 uploadpack = false
 849                 uploadarch = true</pre>
 850 </div>
 851 </div>
 852 </dd>
 853 </dl>
 854 </div>
 855 </div>
 856 </div>
 857 <div class="sect1">
 858 <h2 id="_environment">ENVIRONMENT</h2>
 859 <div class="sectionbody">
 860 <div class="paragraph">
 861 <p><em>git daemon</em> will set REMOTE_ADDR to the IP address of the client
 862 that connected to it, if the IP address is available. REMOTE_ADDR will
 863 be available in the environment of hooks called when
 864 services are performed.</p>
 865 </div>
 866 </div>
 867 </div>
 868 <div class="sect1">
 869 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 870 <div class="sectionbody">
 871 <div class="paragraph">
 872 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
 873 </div>
 874 </div>
 875 </div>
 876 </div>
 877 <div id="footer">
 878 <div id="footer-text">
 879 Last updated 2024-02-08 15:45:59 -0800
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