git-switch.html

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 441 <body class="manpage">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-switch(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-switch - Switch branches</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><em>git switch</em> [&lt;options&gt;] [--no-guess] &lt;branch&gt;
 455 <em>git switch</em> [&lt;options&gt;] --detach [&lt;start-point&gt;]
 456 <em>git switch</em> [&lt;options&gt;] (-c|-C) &lt;new-branch&gt; [&lt;start-point&gt;]
 457 <em>git switch</em> [&lt;options&gt;] --orphan &lt;new-branch&gt;</pre>
 458 </div>
 459 </div>
 460 </div>
 461 <div class="sect1">
 462 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 463 <div class="sectionbody">
 464 <div class="paragraph">
 465 <p>Switch to a specified branch. The working tree and the index are
 466 updated to match the branch. All new commits will be added to the tip
 467 of this branch.</p>
 468 </div>
 469 <div class="paragraph">
 470 <p>Optionally a new branch could be created with either <code>-c</code>, <code>-C</code>,
 471 automatically from a remote branch of same name (see <code>--guess</code>), or
 472 detach the working tree from any branch with <code>--detach</code>, along with
 473 switching.</p>
 474 </div>
 475 <div class="paragraph">
 476 <p>Switching branches does not require a clean index and working tree
 477 (i.e. no differences compared to <code>HEAD</code>). The operation is aborted
 478 however if the operation leads to loss of local changes, unless told
 479 otherwise with <code>--discard-changes</code> or <code>--merge</code>.</p>
 480 </div>
 481 <div class="paragraph">
 482 <p>THIS COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL. THE BEHAVIOR MAY CHANGE.</p>
 483 </div>
 484 </div>
 485 </div>
 486 <div class="sect1">
 487 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 488 <div class="sectionbody">
 489 <div class="dlist">
 490 <dl>
 491 <dt class="hdlist1">&lt;branch&gt;</dt>
 492 <dd>
 493 <p>Branch to switch to.</p>
 494 </dd>
 495 <dt class="hdlist1">&lt;new-branch&gt;</dt>
 496 <dd>
 497 <p>Name for the new branch.</p>
 498 </dd>
 499 <dt class="hdlist1">&lt;start-point&gt;</dt>
 500 <dd>
 501 <p>The starting point for the new branch. Specifying a
 502 <em>&lt;start-point&gt;</em> allows you to create a branch based on some
 503 other point in history than where HEAD currently points. (Or,
 504 in the case of <code>--detach</code>, allows you to inspect and detach
 505 from some other point.)</p>
 506 <div class="paragraph">
 507 <p>You can use the <code>@</code>{-N} syntax to refer to the N-th last
 508 branch/commit switched to using "git switch" or "git checkout"
 509 operation. You may also specify <code>-</code> which is synonymous to <code>@</code>{-1}.
 510 This is often used to switch quickly between two branches, or to undo
 511 a branch switch by mistake.</p>
 512 </div>
 513 <div class="paragraph">
 514 <p>As a special case, you may use <code>A</code><code>...</code><code>B</code> as a shortcut for the merge
 515 base of <code>A</code> and <code>B</code> if there is exactly one merge base. You can leave
 516 out at most one of <code>A</code> and <code>B</code>, in which case it defaults to <code>HEAD</code>.</p>
 517 </div>
 518 </dd>
 519 <dt class="hdlist1">-c &lt;new-branch&gt;</dt>
 520 <dt class="hdlist1">--create &lt;new-branch&gt;</dt>
 521 <dd>
 522 <p>Create a new branch named <em>&lt;new-branch&gt;</em> starting at
 523 <em>&lt;start-point&gt;</em> before switching to the branch. This is the
 524 transactional equivalent of</p>
 525 <div class="listingblock">
 526 <div class="content">
 527 <pre>$ git branch &lt;new-branch&gt;
 528 $ git switch &lt;new-branch&gt;</pre>
 529 </div>
 530 </div>
 531 <div class="paragraph">
 532 <p>that is to say, the branch is not reset/created unless "git switch" is
 533 successful (e.g., when the branch is in use in another worktree, not
 534 just the current branch stays the same, but the branch is not reset to
 535 the start-point, either).</p>
 536 </div>
 537 </dd>
 538 <dt class="hdlist1">-C &lt;new-branch&gt;</dt>
 539 <dt class="hdlist1">--force-create &lt;new-branch&gt;</dt>
 540 <dd>
 541 <p>Similar to <code>--create</code> except that if <em>&lt;new-branch&gt;</em> already
 542 exists, it will be reset to <em>&lt;start-point&gt;</em>. This is a
 543 convenient shortcut for:</p>
 544 <div class="listingblock">
 545 <div class="content">
 546 <pre>$ git branch -f &lt;new-branch&gt;
 547 $ git switch &lt;new-branch&gt;</pre>
 548 </div>
 549 </div>
 550 </dd>
 551 <dt class="hdlist1">-d</dt>
 552 <dt class="hdlist1">--detach</dt>
 553 <dd>
 554 <p>Switch to a commit for inspection and discardable
 555 experiments. See the "DETACHED HEAD" section in
 556 <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a> for details.</p>
 557 </dd>
 558 <dt class="hdlist1">--guess</dt>
 559 <dt class="hdlist1">--no-guess</dt>
 560 <dd>
 561 <p>If <em>&lt;branch&gt;</em> is not found but there does exist a tracking
 562 branch in exactly one remote (call it <em>&lt;remote&gt;</em>) with a
 563 matching name, treat as equivalent to</p>
 564 <div class="listingblock">
 565 <div class="content">
 566 <pre>$ git switch -c &lt;branch&gt; --track &lt;remote&gt;/&lt;branch&gt;</pre>
 567 </div>
 568 </div>
 569 <div class="paragraph">
 570 <p>If the branch exists in multiple remotes and one of them is named by
 571 the <code>checkout.defaultRemote</code> configuration variable, we&#8217;ll use that
 572 one for the purposes of disambiguation, even if the <em>&lt;branch&gt;</em> isn&#8217;t
 573 unique across all remotes. Set it to e.g. <code>checkout.defaultRemote=origin</code>
 574 to always checkout remote branches from there if <em>&lt;branch&gt;</em> is
 575 ambiguous but exists on the <em>origin</em> remote. See also
 576 <code>checkout.defaultRemote</code> in <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>.</p>
 577 </div>
 578 <div class="paragraph">
 579 <p><code>--guess</code> is the default behavior. Use <code>--no-guess</code> to disable it.</p>
 580 </div>
 581 <div class="paragraph">
 582 <p>The default behavior can be set via the <code>checkout.guess</code> configuration
 583 variable.</p>
 584 </div>
 585 </dd>
 586 <dt class="hdlist1">-f</dt>
 587 <dt class="hdlist1">--force</dt>
 588 <dd>
 589 <p>An alias for <code>--discard-changes</code>.</p>
 590 </dd>
 591 <dt class="hdlist1">--discard-changes</dt>
 592 <dd>
 593 <p>Proceed even if the index or the working tree differs from
 594 <code>HEAD</code>. Both the index and working tree are restored to match
 595 the switching target. If <code>--recurse-submodules</code> is specified,
 596 submodule content is also restored to match the switching
 597 target. This is used to throw away local changes.</p>
 598 </dd>
 599 <dt class="hdlist1">-m</dt>
 600 <dt class="hdlist1">--merge</dt>
 601 <dd>
 602 <p>If you have local modifications to one or more files that are
 603 different between the current branch and the branch to which
 604 you are switching, the command refuses to switch branches in
 605 order to preserve your modifications in context.  However,
 606 with this option, a three-way merge between the current
 607 branch, your working tree contents, and the new branch is
 608 done, and you will be on the new branch.</p>
 609 <div class="paragraph">
 610 <p>When a merge conflict happens, the index entries for conflicting
 611 paths are left unmerged, and you need to resolve the conflicts
 612 and mark the resolved paths with <code>git</code> <code>add</code> (or <code>git</code> <code>rm</code> if the merge
 613 should result in deletion of the path).</p>
 614 </div>
 615 </dd>
 616 <dt class="hdlist1">--conflict=&lt;style&gt;</dt>
 617 <dd>
 618 <p>The same as <code>--merge</code> option above, but changes the way the
 619 conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
 620 <code>merge.conflictStyle</code> configuration variable.  Possible values are
 621 "merge" (default), "diff3", and "zdiff3".</p>
 622 </dd>
 623 <dt class="hdlist1">-q</dt>
 624 <dt class="hdlist1">--quiet</dt>
 625 <dd>
 626 <p>Quiet, suppress feedback messages.</p>
 627 </dd>
 628 <dt class="hdlist1">--progress</dt>
 629 <dt class="hdlist1">--no-progress</dt>
 630 <dd>
 631 <p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
 632 by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless <code>--quiet</code>
 633 is specified. This flag enables progress reporting even if not
 634 attached to a terminal, regardless of <code>--quiet</code>.</p>
 635 </dd>
 636 <dt class="hdlist1">-t</dt>
 637 <dt class="hdlist1">--track [direct|inherit]</dt>
 638 <dd>
 639 <p>When creating a new branch, set up "upstream" configuration.
 640 <code>-c</code> is implied. See <code>--track</code> in <a href="git-branch.html">git-branch(1)</a> for
 641 details.</p>
 642 <div class="paragraph">
 643 <p>If no <code>-c</code> option is given, the name of the new branch will be derived
 644 from the remote-tracking branch, by looking at the local part of the
 645 refspec configured for the corresponding remote, and then stripping
 646 the initial part up to the "*".  This would tell us to use <code>hack</code> as
 647 the local branch when branching off of <code>origin/hack</code> (or
 648 <code>remotes/origin/hack</code>, or even <code>refs/remotes/origin/hack</code>).  If the
 649 given name has no slash, or the above guessing results in an empty
 650 name, the guessing is aborted.  You can explicitly give a name with
 651 <code>-c</code> in such a case.</p>
 652 </div>
 653 </dd>
 654 <dt class="hdlist1">--no-track</dt>
 655 <dd>
 656 <p>Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
 657 <code>branch.autoSetupMerge</code> configuration variable is true.</p>
 658 </dd>
 659 <dt class="hdlist1">--orphan &lt;new-branch&gt;</dt>
 660 <dd>
 661 <p>Create a new unborn branch, named <em>&lt;new-branch&gt;</em>. All
 662 tracked files are removed.</p>
 663 </dd>
 664 <dt class="hdlist1">--ignore-other-worktrees</dt>
 665 <dd>
 666 <p><code>git</code> <code>switch</code> refuses when the wanted ref is already
 667 checked out by another worktree. This option makes it check
 668 the ref out anyway. In other words, the ref can be held by
 669 more than one worktree.</p>
 670 </dd>
 671 <dt class="hdlist1">--recurse-submodules</dt>
 672 <dt class="hdlist1">--no-recurse-submodules</dt>
 673 <dd>
 674 <p>Using <code>--recurse-submodules</code> will update the content of all
 675 active submodules according to the commit recorded in the
 676 superproject. If nothing (or <code>--no-recurse-submodules</code>) is
 677 used, submodules working trees will not be updated. Just
 678 like <a href="git-submodule.html">git-submodule(1)</a>, this will detach <code>HEAD</code> of the
 679 submodules.</p>
 680 </dd>
 681 </dl>
 682 </div>
 683 </div>
 684 </div>
 685 <div class="sect1">
 686 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
 687 <div class="sectionbody">
 688 <div class="paragraph">
 689 <p>The following command switches to the "master" branch:</p>
 690 </div>
 691 <div class="listingblock">
 692 <div class="content">
 693 <pre>$ git switch master</pre>
 694 </div>
 695 </div>
 696 <div class="paragraph">
 697 <p>After working in the wrong branch, switching to the correct branch
 698 would be done using:</p>
 699 </div>
 700 <div class="listingblock">
 701 <div class="content">
 702 <pre>$ git switch mytopic</pre>
 703 </div>
 704 </div>
 705 <div class="paragraph">
 706 <p>However, your "wrong" branch and correct "mytopic" branch may differ
 707 in files that you have modified locally, in which case the above
 708 switch would fail like this:</p>
 709 </div>
 710 <div class="listingblock">
 711 <div class="content">
 712 <pre>$ git switch mytopic
 713 error: You have local changes to 'frotz'; not switching branches.</pre>
 714 </div>
 715 </div>
 716 <div class="paragraph">
 717 <p>You can give the <code>-m</code> flag to the command, which would try a three-way
 718 merge:</p>
 719 </div>
 720 <div class="listingblock">
 721 <div class="content">
 722 <pre>$ git switch -m mytopic
 723 Auto-merging frotz</pre>
 724 </div>
 725 </div>
 726 <div class="paragraph">
 727 <p>After this three-way merge, the local modifications are <em>not</em>
 728 registered in your index file, so <code>git</code> <code>diff</code> would show you what
 729 changes you made since the tip of the new branch.</p>
 730 </div>
 731 <div class="paragraph">
 732 <p>To switch back to the previous branch before we switched to mytopic
 733 (i.e. "master" branch):</p>
 734 </div>
 735 <div class="listingblock">
 736 <div class="content">
 737 <pre>$ git switch -</pre>
 738 </div>
 739 </div>
 740 <div class="paragraph">
 741 <p>You can grow a new branch from any commit. For example, switch to
 742 "HEAD~3" and create branch "fixup":</p>
 743 </div>
 744 <div class="listingblock">
 745 <div class="content">
 746 <pre>$ git switch -c fixup HEAD~3
 747 Switched to a new branch 'fixup'</pre>
 748 </div>
 749 </div>
 750 <div class="paragraph">
 751 <p>If you want to start a new branch from a remote branch of the same
 752 name:</p>
 753 </div>
 754 <div class="listingblock">
 755 <div class="content">
 756 <pre>$ git switch new-topic
 757 Branch 'new-topic' set up to track remote branch 'new-topic' from 'origin'
 758 Switched to a new branch 'new-topic'</pre>
 759 </div>
 760 </div>
 761 <div class="paragraph">
 762 <p>To check out commit <code>HEAD~3</code> for temporary inspection or experiment
 763 without creating a new branch:</p>
 764 </div>
 765 <div class="listingblock">
 766 <div class="content">
 767 <pre>$ git switch --detach HEAD~3
 768 HEAD is now at 9fc9555312 Merge branch 'cc/shared-index-permbits'</pre>
 769 </div>
 770 </div>
 771 <div class="paragraph">
 772 <p>If it turns out whatever you have done is worth keeping, you can
 773 always create a new name for it (without switching away):</p>
 774 </div>
 775 <div class="listingblock">
 776 <div class="content">
 777 <pre>$ git switch -c good-surprises</pre>
 778 </div>
 779 </div>
 780 </div>
 781 </div>
 782 <div class="sect1">
 783 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
 784 <div class="sectionbody">
 785 <div class="paragraph">
 786 <p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
 787 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
 788 as what&#8217;s found there:</p>
 789 </div>
 790 <div class="dlist">
 791 <dl>
 792 <dt class="hdlist1">checkout.defaultRemote</dt>
 793 <dd>
 794 <p>When you run <code>git</code> <code>checkout</code> <em>&lt;something&gt;</em>
 795 or <code>git</code> <code>switch</code> <em>&lt;something&gt;</em> and only have one
 796 remote, it may implicitly fall back on checking out and
 797 tracking e.g. <code>origin/</code><em>&lt;something&gt;</em>. This stops working as soon
 798 as you have more than one remote with a <em>&lt;something&gt;</em>
 799 reference. This setting allows for setting the name of a
 800 preferred remote that should always win when it comes to
 801 disambiguation. The typical use-case is to set this to
 802 <code>origin</code>.</p>
 803 <div class="paragraph">
 804 <p>Currently this is used by <a href="git-switch.html">git-switch(1)</a> and
 805 <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a> when <code>git</code> <code>checkout</code> <em>&lt;something&gt;</em>
 806 or <code>git</code> <code>switch</code> <em>&lt;something&gt;</em>
 807 will checkout the <em>&lt;something&gt;</em> branch on another remote,
 808 and by <a href="git-worktree.html">git-worktree(1)</a> when <code>git</code> <code>worktree</code> <code>add</code> refers to a
 809 remote branch. This setting might be used for other checkout-like
 810 commands or functionality in the future.</p>
 811 </div>
 812 </dd>
 813 <dt class="hdlist1">checkout.guess</dt>
 814 <dd>
 815 <p>Provides the default value for the <code>--guess</code> or <code>--no-guess</code>
 816 option in <code>git</code> <code>checkout</code> and <code>git</code> <code>switch</code>. See
 817 <a href="git-switch.html">git-switch(1)</a> and <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a>.</p>
 818 </dd>
 819 <dt class="hdlist1">checkout.workers</dt>
 820 <dd>
 821 <p>The number of parallel workers to use when updating the working tree.
 822 The default is one, i.e. sequential execution. If set to a value less
 823 than one, Git will use as many workers as the number of logical cores
 824 available. This setting and <code>checkout.thresholdForParallelism</code> affect
 825 all commands that perform checkout. E.g. checkout, clone, reset,
 826 sparse-checkout, etc.</p>
 827 <div class="paragraph">
 828 <p>Note: Parallel checkout usually delivers better performance for repositories
 829 located on SSDs or over NFS. For repositories on spinning disks and/or machines
 830 with a small number of cores, the default sequential checkout often performs
 831 better. The size and compression level of a repository might also influence how
 832 well the parallel version performs.</p>
 833 </div>
 834 </dd>
 835 <dt class="hdlist1">checkout.thresholdForParallelism</dt>
 836 <dd>
 837 <p>When running parallel checkout with a small number of files, the cost
 838 of subprocess spawning and inter-process communication might outweigh
 839 the parallelization gains. This setting allows you to define the minimum
 840 number of files for which parallel checkout should be attempted. The
 841 default is 100.</p>
 842 </dd>
 843 </dl>
 844 </div>
 845 </div>
 846 </div>
 847 <div class="sect1">
 848 <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
 849 <div class="sectionbody">
 850 <div class="paragraph">
 851 <p><a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a>,
 852 <a href="git-branch.html">git-branch(1)</a></p>
 853 </div>
 854 </div>
 855 </div>
 856 <div class="sect1">
 857 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 858 <div class="sectionbody">
 859 <div class="paragraph">
 860 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
 861 </div>
 862 </div>
 863 </div>
 864 </div>
 865 <div id="footer">
 866 <div id="footer-text">
 867 Last updated 2024-01-02 14:28:43 -0800
 868 </div>
 869 </div>
 870 </body>
 871 </html>