git-maintenance.html

   1 <!DOCTYPE html>
   2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en">
   3 <head>
   4 <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
   5 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/>
   6 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>
   7 <meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 2.0.20"/>
   8 <title>git-maintenance(1)</title>
   9 <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700"/>
  10 <style>
  11 /*! Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | https://asciidoctor.org */
  12 /* Uncomment the following line when using as a custom stylesheet */
  13 /* @import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700"; */
  14 html{font-family:sans-serif;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
  15 a{background:none}
  16 a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
  17 a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
  18 h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
  19 b,strong{font-weight:bold}
  20 abbr{font-size:.9em}
  21 abbr[title]{cursor:help;border-bottom:1px dotted #dddddf;text-decoration:none}
  22 dfn{font-style:italic}
  23 hr{height:0}
  24 mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
  25 code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
  26 pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
  27 q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
  28 small{font-size:80%}
  29 sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
  30 sup{top:-.5em}
  31 sub{bottom:-.25em}
  32 img{border:0}
  33 svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
  34 figure{margin:0}
  35 audio,video{display:inline-block}
  36 audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
  37 fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
  38 legend{border:0;padding:0}
  39 button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
  40 button,input{line-height:normal}
  41 button,select{text-transform:none}
  42 button,html input[type=button],input[type=reset],input[type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
  43 button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
  44 input[type=checkbox],input[type=radio]{padding:0}
  45 button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
  46 textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
  47 table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
  48 *,::before,::after{box-sizing:border-box}
  49 html,body{font-size:100%}
  50 body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;word-wrap:anywhere;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
  51 a:hover{cursor:pointer}
  52 img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
  53 object,embed{height:100%}
  54 img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
  55 .left{float:left!important}
  56 .right{float:right!important}
  57 .text-left{text-align:left!important}
  58 .text-right{text-align:right!important}
  59 .text-center{text-align:center!important}
  60 .text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
  61 .hide{display:none}
  62 img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
  63 textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
  64 select{width:100%}
  65 .subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
  66 div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0}
  67 a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
  68 a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
  69 a img{border:0}
  70 p{line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
  71 p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
  72 h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
  73 h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
  74 h1{font-size:2.125em}
  75 h2{font-size:1.6875em}
  76 h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
  77 h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
  78 h6{font-size:1em}
  79 hr{border:solid #dddddf;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em}
  80 em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
  81 strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
  82 small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
  83 code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
  84 ul,ol,dl{line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
  85 ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
  86 ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
  87 ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
  88 ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
  89 ul.square{list-style-type:square}
  90 ul.circle ul:not([class]),ul.disc ul:not([class]),ul.square ul:not([class]){list-style:inherit}
  91 ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
  92 dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
  93 dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
  94 blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
  95 blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
  96 @media screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
  97 h1{font-size:2.75em}
  98 h2{font-size:2.3125em}
  99 h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
 100 h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
 101 table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:1px solid #dedede;word-wrap:normal}
 102 table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7}
 103 table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
 104 table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
 105 table tr.even,table tr.alt{background:#f8f8f7}
 106 table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{line-height:1.6}
 107 h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
 108 h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
 109 .center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
 110 .stretch{width:100%}
 111 .clearfix::before,.clearfix::after,.float-group::before,.float-group::after{content:" ";display:table}
 112 .clearfix::after,.float-group::after{clear:both}
 113 :not(pre).nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
 114 :not(pre).nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
 115 :not(pre).pre-wrap{white-space:pre-wrap}
 116 :not(pre):not([class^=L])>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background:#f7f7f8;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
 117 pre{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
 118 pre code,pre pre{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}
 119 pre>code{display:block}
 120 pre.nowrap,pre.nowrap pre{white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal}
 121 em em{font-style:normal}
 122 strong strong{font-weight:400}
 123 .keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
 124 kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),inset 0 0 0 .1em #fff;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
 125 .keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
 126 .keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
 127 .menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
 128 .menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
 129 .menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
 130 .menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
 131 .menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
 132 b.button::before,b.button::after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
 133 b.button::before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
 134 b.button::after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
 135 p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
 136 #header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin:0 auto;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
 137 #header::before,#header::after,#content::before,#content::after,#footnotes::before,#footnotes::after,#footer::before,#footer::after{content:" ";display:table}
 138 #header::after,#content::after,#footnotes::after,#footer::after{clear:both}
 139 #content{margin-top:1.25em}
 140 #content::before{content:none}
 141 #header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
 142 #header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #dddddf}
 143 #header>h1:only-child,body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
 144 #header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap}
 145 #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
 146 #header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
 147 #header .details br{display:none}
 148 #header .details br+span::before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
 149 #header .details br+span.author::before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
 150 #header .details br+span#revremark::before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
 151 #header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
 152 #header #revnumber::after{content:"\00a0"}
 153 #content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
 154 #toc{border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e9;padding-bottom:.5em}
 155 #toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
 156 #toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
 157 #toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
 158 #toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
 159 #toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
 160 #toc a{text-decoration:none}
 161 #toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
 162 #toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
 163 @media screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
 164 body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
 165 #toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #e7e7e9;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
 166 #toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
 167 #toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
 168 #toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
 169 #toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
 170 body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
 171 body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #e7e7e9;left:auto;right:0}}
 172 @media screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
 173 #toc.toc2{width:20em}
 174 #toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
 175 #toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
 176 #toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
 177 body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
 178 #content #toc{border:1px solid #e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;border-radius:4px}
 179 #content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
 180 #content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
 181 #footer{max-width:none;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
 182 #footer-text{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.8);line-height:1.44}
 183 #content{margin-bottom:.625em}
 184 .sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
 185 @media screen and (min-width:768px){#content{margin-bottom:1.25em}
 186 .sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
 187 .sect1:last-child{padding-bottom:0}
 188 .sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #e7e7e9}
 189 #content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
 190 #content h1>a.anchor::before,h2>a.anchor::before,h3>a.anchor::before,#toctitle>a.anchor::before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor::before,h4>a.anchor::before,h5>a.anchor::before,h6>a.anchor::before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
 191 #content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
 192 #content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
 193 #content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
 194 details,.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
 195 details{margin-left:1.25rem}
 196 details>summary{cursor:pointer;display:block;position:relative;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:.625rem;outline:none;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}
 197 details>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
 198 details>summary::before{content:"";border:solid transparent;border-left:solid;border-width:.3em 0 .3em .5em;position:absolute;top:.5em;left:-1.25rem;transform:translateX(15%)}
 199 details[open]>summary::before{border:solid transparent;border-top:solid;border-width:.5em .3em 0;transform:translateY(15%)}
 200 details>summary::after{content:"";width:1.25rem;height:1em;position:absolute;top:.3em;left:-1.25rem}
 201 .admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
 202 table.tableblock.fit-content>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;width:0}
 203 .paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>[class=paragraph]:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
 204 .admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
 205 .admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
 206 .admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:none}
 207 .admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
 208 .admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #dddddf;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);word-wrap:anywhere}
 209 .admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
 210 .exampleblock>.content{border:1px solid #e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;border-radius:4px}
 211 .sidebarblock{border:1px solid #dbdbd6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f3f3f2;border-radius:4px}
 212 .sidebarblock>.content>.title{color:#7a2518;margin-top:0;text-align:center}
 213 .exampleblock>.content>:first-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:first-child{margin-top:0}
 214 .exampleblock>.content>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
 215 .literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{border-radius:4px;overflow-x:auto;padding:1em;font-size:.8125em}
 216 @media screen and (min-width:768px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:.90625em}}
 217 @media screen and (min-width:1280px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:1em}}
 218 .literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre:not(.highlight),.listingblock>.content>pre[class=highlight],.listingblock>.content>pre[class^="highlight "]{background:#f7f7f8}
 219 .literalblock.output pre{color:#f7f7f8;background:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
 220 .listingblock>.content{position:relative}
 221 .listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:none;content:attr(data-lang);position:absolute;font-size:.75em;top:.425rem;right:.5rem;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
 222 .listingblock:hover code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
 223 .listingblock.terminal pre .command::before{content:attr(data-prompt);padding-right:.5em;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
 224 .listingblock.terminal pre .command:not([data-prompt])::before{content:"$"}
 225 .listingblock pre.highlightjs{padding:0}
 226 .listingblock pre.highlightjs>code{padding:1em;border-radius:4px}
 227 .listingblock pre.prettyprint{border-width:0}
 228 .prettyprint{background:#f7f7f8}
 229 pre.prettyprint .linenums{line-height:1.45;margin-left:2em}
 230 pre.prettyprint li{background:none;list-style-type:inherit;padding-left:0}
 231 pre.prettyprint li code[data-lang]::before{opacity:1}
 232 pre.prettyprint li:not(:first-child) code[data-lang]::before{display:none}
 233 table.linenotable{border-collapse:separate;border:0;margin-bottom:0;background:none}
 234 table.linenotable td[class]{color:inherit;vertical-align:top;padding:0;line-height:inherit;white-space:normal}
 235 table.linenotable td.code{padding-left:.75em}
 236 table.linenotable td.linenos,pre.pygments .linenos{border-right:1px solid;opacity:.35;padding-right:.5em;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}
 237 pre.pygments span.linenos{display:inline-block;margin-right:.75em}
 238 .quoteblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em 1.5em;display:table}
 239 .quoteblock:not(.excerpt)>.title{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-bottom:.75em}
 240 .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.75;word-spacing:.1em;letter-spacing:0;font-style:italic;text-align:justify}
 241 .quoteblock blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}
 242 .quoteblock blockquote::before{content:"\201c";float:left;font-size:2.75em;font-weight:bold;line-height:.6em;margin-left:-.6em;color:#7a2518;text-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
 243 .quoteblock blockquote>.paragraph:last-child p{margin-bottom:0}
 244 .quoteblock .attribution{margin-top:.75em;margin-right:.5ex;text-align:right}
 245 .verseblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em}
 246 .verseblock pre{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-size:1.15rem;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-weight:300;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
 247 .verseblock pre strong{font-weight:400}
 248 .verseblock .attribution{margin-top:1.25rem;margin-left:.5ex}
 249 .quoteblock .attribution,.verseblock .attribution{font-size:.9375em;line-height:1.45;font-style:italic}
 250 .quoteblock .attribution br,.verseblock .attribution br{display:none}
 251 .quoteblock .attribution cite,.verseblock .attribution cite{display:block;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
 252 .quoteblock.abstract blockquote::before,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote::before,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote::before{display:none}
 253 .quoteblock.abstract blockquote,.quoteblock.abstract p,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{line-height:1.6;word-spacing:0}
 254 .quoteblock.abstract{margin:0 1em 1.25em;display:block}
 255 .quoteblock.abstract>.title{margin:0 0 .375em;font-size:1.15em;text-align:center}
 256 .quoteblock.excerpt>blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock{padding:0 0 .25em 1em;border-left:.25em solid #dddddf}
 257 .quoteblock.excerpt,.quoteblock .quoteblock{margin-left:0}
 258 .quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{color:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem}
 259 .quoteblock.excerpt .attribution,.quoteblock .quoteblock .attribution{color:inherit;font-size:.85rem;text-align:left;margin-right:0}
 260 p.tableblock:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
 261 td.tableblock>.content{margin-bottom:1.25em;word-wrap:anywhere}
 262 td.tableblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:-1.25em}
 263 table.tableblock,th.tableblock,td.tableblock{border:0 solid #dedede}
 264 table.grid-all>*>tr>*{border-width:1px}
 265 table.grid-cols>*>tr>*{border-width:0 1px}
 266 table.grid-rows>*>tr>*{border-width:1px 0}
 267 table.frame-all{border-width:1px}
 268 table.frame-ends{border-width:1px 0}
 269 table.frame-sides{border-width:0 1px}
 270 table.frame-none>colgroup+*>:first-child>*,table.frame-sides>colgroup+*>:first-child>*{border-top-width:0}
 271 table.frame-none>:last-child>:last-child>*,table.frame-sides>:last-child>:last-child>*{border-bottom-width:0}
 272 table.frame-none>*>tr>:first-child,table.frame-ends>*>tr>:first-child{border-left-width:0}
 273 table.frame-none>*>tr>:last-child,table.frame-ends>*>tr>:last-child{border-right-width:0}
 274 table.stripes-all>*>tr,table.stripes-odd>*>tr:nth-of-type(odd),table.stripes-even>*>tr:nth-of-type(even),table.stripes-hover>*>tr:hover{background:#f8f8f7}
 275 th.halign-left,td.halign-left{text-align:left}
 276 th.halign-right,td.halign-right{text-align:right}
 277 th.halign-center,td.halign-center{text-align:center}
 278 th.valign-top,td.valign-top{vertical-align:top}
 279 th.valign-bottom,td.valign-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}
 280 th.valign-middle,td.valign-middle{vertical-align:middle}
 281 table thead th,table tfoot th{font-weight:bold}
 282 tbody tr th{background:#f7f8f7}
 283 tbody tr th,tbody tr th p,tfoot tr th,tfoot tr th p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-weight:bold}
 284 p.tableblock>code:only-child{background:none;padding:0}
 285 p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
 286 ol{margin-left:1.75em}
 287 ul li ol{margin-left:1.5em}
 288 dl dd{margin-left:1.125em}
 289 dl dd:last-child,dl dd:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
 290 li p,ul dd,ol dd,.olist .olist,.ulist .ulist,.ulist .olist,.olist .ulist{margin-bottom:.625em}
 291 ul.checklist,ul.none,ol.none,ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered,ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{list-style-type:none}
 292 ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered{margin-left:.625em}
 293 ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{margin-left:0}
 294 li>p:empty:only-child::before{content:"";display:inline-block}
 295 ul.checklist>li>p:first-child{margin-left:-1em}
 296 ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>.fa-square-o:first-child,ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>.fa-check-square-o:first-child{width:1.25em;font-size:.8em;position:relative;bottom:.125em}
 297 ul.checklist>li>p:first-child>input[type=checkbox]:first-child{margin-right:.25em}
 298 ul.inline{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;list-style:none;margin:0 0 .625em -1.25em}
 299 ul.inline>li{margin-left:1.25em}
 300 .unstyled dl dt{font-weight:400;font-style:normal}
 301 ol.arabic{list-style-type:decimal}
 302 ol.decimal{list-style-type:decimal-leading-zero}
 303 ol.loweralpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}
 304 ol.upperalpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}
 305 ol.lowerroman{list-style-type:lower-roman}
 306 ol.upperroman{list-style-type:upper-roman}
 307 ol.lowergreek{list-style-type:lower-greek}
 308 .hdlist>table,.colist>table{border:0;background:none}
 309 .hdlist>table>tbody>tr,.colist>table>tbody>tr{background:none}
 310 td.hdlist1,td.hdlist2{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .625em}
 311 td.hdlist1{font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:1.25em}
 312 td.hdlist2{word-wrap:anywhere}
 313 .literalblock+.colist,.listingblock+.colist{margin-top:-.5em}
 314 .colist td:not([class]):first-child{padding:.4em .75em 0;line-height:1;vertical-align:top}
 315 .colist td:not([class]):first-child img{max-width:none}
 316 .colist td:not([class]):last-child{padding:.25em 0}
 317 .thumb,.th{line-height:0;display:inline-block;border:4px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd}
 318 .imageblock.left{margin:.25em .625em 1.25em 0}
 319 .imageblock.right{margin:.25em 0 1.25em .625em}
 320 .imageblock>.title{margin-bottom:0}
 321 .imageblock.thumb,.imageblock.th{border-width:6px}
 322 .imageblock.thumb>.title,.imageblock.th>.title{padding:0 .125em}
 323 .image.left,.image.right{margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.25em;display:inline-block;line-height:0}
 324 .image.left{margin-right:.625em}
 325 .image.right{margin-left:.625em}
 326 a.image{text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}
 327 a.image object{pointer-events:none}
 328 sup.footnote,sup.footnoteref{font-size:.875em;position:static;vertical-align:super}
 329 sup.footnote a,sup.footnoteref a{text-decoration:none}
 330 sup.footnote a:active,sup.footnoteref a:active{text-decoration:underline}
 331 #footnotes{padding-top:.75em;padding-bottom:.75em;margin-bottom:.625em}
 332 #footnotes hr{width:20%;min-width:6.25em;margin:-.25em 0 .75em;border-width:1px 0 0}
 333 #footnotes .footnote{padding:0 .375em 0 .225em;line-height:1.3334;font-size:.875em;margin-left:1.2em;margin-bottom:.2em}
 334 #footnotes .footnote a:first-of-type{font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;margin-left:-1.05em}
 335 #footnotes .footnote:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}
 336 #content #footnotes{margin-top:-.625em;margin-bottom:0;padding:.75em 0}
 337 div.unbreakable{page-break-inside:avoid}
 338 .big{font-size:larger}
 339 .small{font-size:smaller}
 340 .underline{text-decoration:underline}
 341 .overline{text-decoration:overline}
 342 .line-through{text-decoration:line-through}
 343 .aqua{color:#00bfbf}
 344 .aqua-background{background:#00fafa}
 345 .black{color:#000}
 346 .black-background{background:#000}
 347 .blue{color:#0000bf}
 348 .blue-background{background:#0000fa}
 349 .fuchsia{color:#bf00bf}
 350 .fuchsia-background{background:#fa00fa}
 351 .gray{color:#606060}
 352 .gray-background{background:#7d7d7d}
 353 .green{color:#006000}
 354 .green-background{background:#007d00}
 355 .lime{color:#00bf00}
 356 .lime-background{background:#00fa00}
 357 .maroon{color:#600000}
 358 .maroon-background{background:#7d0000}
 359 .navy{color:#000060}
 360 .navy-background{background:#00007d}
 361 .olive{color:#606000}
 362 .olive-background{background:#7d7d00}
 363 .purple{color:#600060}
 364 .purple-background{background:#7d007d}
 365 .red{color:#bf0000}
 366 .red-background{background:#fa0000}
 367 .silver{color:#909090}
 368 .silver-background{background:#bcbcbc}
 369 .teal{color:#006060}
 370 .teal-background{background:#007d7d}
 371 .white{color:#bfbfbf}
 372 .white-background{background:#fafafa}
 373 .yellow{color:#bfbf00}
 374 .yellow-background{background:#fafa00}
 375 span.icon>.fa{cursor:default}
 376 a span.icon>.fa{cursor:inherit}
 377 .admonitionblock td.icon [class^="fa icon-"]{font-size:2.5em;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:default}
 378 .admonitionblock td.icon .icon-note::before{content:"\f05a";color:#19407c}
 379 .admonitionblock td.icon .icon-tip::before{content:"\f0eb";text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(155,155,0,.8);color:#111}
 380 .admonitionblock td.icon .icon-warning::before{content:"\f071";color:#bf6900}
 381 .admonitionblock td.icon .icon-caution::before{content:"\f06d";color:#bf3400}
 382 .admonitionblock td.icon .icon-important::before{content:"\f06a";color:#bf0000}
 383 .conum[data-value]{display:inline-block;color:#fff!important;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-radius:50%;text-align:center;font-size:.75em;width:1.67em;height:1.67em;line-height:1.67em;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}
 384 .conum[data-value] *{color:#fff!important}
 385 .conum[data-value]+b{display:none}
 386 .conum[data-value]::after{content:attr(data-value)}
 387 pre .conum[data-value]{position:relative;top:-.125em}
 388 b.conum *{color:inherit!important}
 389 .conum:not([data-value]):empty{display:none}
 390 dt,th.tableblock,td.content,div.footnote{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
 391 h1,h2,p,td.content,span.alt,summary{letter-spacing:-.01em}
 392 p strong,td.content strong,div.footnote strong{letter-spacing:-.005em}
 393 p,blockquote,dt,td.content,td.hdlist1,span.alt,summary{font-size:1.0625rem}
 394 p{margin-bottom:1.25rem}
 395 .sidebarblock p,.sidebarblock dt,.sidebarblock td.content,p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
 396 .exampleblock>.content{background:#fffef7;border-color:#e0e0dc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc}
 397 .print-only{display:none!important}
 398 @page{margin:1.25cm .75cm}
 399 @media print{*{box-shadow:none!important;text-shadow:none!important}
 400 html{font-size:80%}
 401 a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline!important}
 402 a.bare,a[href^="#"],a[href^="mailto:"]{text-decoration:none!important}
 403 a[href^="http:"]:not(.bare)::after,a[href^="https:"]:not(.bare)::after{content:"(" attr(href) ")";display:inline-block;font-size:.875em;padding-left:.25em}
 404 abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
 405 abbr[title]::after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}
 406 pre,blockquote,tr,img,object,svg{page-break-inside:avoid}
 407 thead{display:table-header-group}
 408 svg{max-width:100%}
 409 p,blockquote,dt,td.content{font-size:1em;orphans:3;widows:3}
 410 h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{page-break-after:avoid}
 411 #header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{max-width:none}
 412 #toc,.sidebarblock,.exampleblock>.content{background:none!important}
 413 #toc{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
 414 body.book #header{text-align:center}
 415 body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em}
 416 body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
 417 body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
 418 body.book #header .details br{display:block}
 419 body.book #header .details br+span::before{content:none!important}
 420 body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
 421 body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
 422 .listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
 423 #footer{padding:0 .9375em}
 424 .hide-on-print{display:none!important}
 425 .print-only{display:block!important}
 426 .hide-for-print{display:none!important}
 427 .show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
 428 @media amzn-kf8,print{#header>h1:first-child{margin-top:1.25rem}
 429 .sect1{padding:0!important}
 430 .sect1+.sect1{border:0}
 431 #footer{background:none}
 432 #footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:.9em}}
 433 @media amzn-kf8{#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{padding:0}}
 434 </style>
 435 <style>
 436 pre>code {
 437    display: inline;
 438 }
 439 </style>
 440 </head>
 441 <body class="manpage">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-maintenance(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-maintenance - Run tasks to optimize Git repository data</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><em>git maintenance</em> run [&lt;options&gt;]
 455 <em>git maintenance</em> start [--scheduler=&lt;scheduler&gt;]
 456 <em>git maintenance</em> (stop|register|unregister) [&lt;options&gt;]</pre>
 457 </div>
 458 </div>
 459 </div>
 460 <div class="sect1">
 461 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 462 <div class="sectionbody">
 463 <div class="paragraph">
 464 <p>Run tasks to optimize Git repository data, speeding up other Git commands
 465 and reducing storage requirements for the repository.</p>
 466 </div>
 467 <div class="paragraph">
 468 <p>Git commands that add repository data, such as <code>git</code> <code>add</code> or <code>git</code> <code>fetch</code>,
 469 are optimized for a responsive user experience. These commands do not take
 470 time to optimize the Git data, since such optimizations scale with the full
 471 size of the repository while these user commands each perform a relatively
 472 small action.</p>
 473 </div>
 474 <div class="paragraph">
 475 <p>The <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> command provides flexibility for how to optimize the
 476 Git repository.</p>
 477 </div>
 478 </div>
 479 </div>
 480 <div class="sect1">
 481 <h2 id="_subcommands">SUBCOMMANDS</h2>
 482 <div class="sectionbody">
 483 <div class="dlist">
 484 <dl>
 485 <dt class="hdlist1">run</dt>
 486 <dd>
 487 <p>Run one or more maintenance tasks. If one or more <code>--task</code> options
 488 are specified, then those tasks are run in that order. Otherwise,
 489 the tasks are determined by which <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.enabled</code>
 490 config options are true. By default, only <code>maintenance.gc.enabled</code>
 491 is true.</p>
 492 </dd>
 493 <dt class="hdlist1">start</dt>
 494 <dd>
 495 <p>Start running maintenance on the current repository. This performs
 496 the same config updates as the <code>register</code> subcommand, then updates
 497 the background scheduler to run <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--scheduled</code>
 498 on an hourly basis.</p>
 499 </dd>
 500 <dt class="hdlist1">stop</dt>
 501 <dd>
 502 <p>Halt the background maintenance schedule. The current repository
 503 is not removed from the list of maintained repositories, in case
 504 the background maintenance is restarted later.</p>
 505 </dd>
 506 <dt class="hdlist1">register</dt>
 507 <dd>
 508 <p>Initialize Git config values so any scheduled maintenance will start
 509 running on this repository. This adds the repository to the
 510 <code>maintenance.repo</code> config variable in the current user&#8217;s global config,
 511 or the config specified by --config-file option, and enables some
 512 recommended configuration values for <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.schedule</code>. The
 513 tasks that are enabled are safe for running in the background without
 514 disrupting foreground processes.</p>
 515 <div class="paragraph">
 516 <p>The <code>register</code> subcommand will also set the <code>maintenance.strategy</code> config
 517 value to <code>incremental</code>, if this value is not previously set. The
 518 <code>incremental</code> strategy uses the following schedule for each maintenance
 519 task:</p>
 520 </div>
 521 <div class="openblock">
 522 <div class="content">
 523 <div class="ulist">
 524 <ul>
 525 <li>
 526 <p><code>gc</code>: disabled.</p>
 527 </li>
 528 <li>
 529 <p><code>commit-graph</code>: hourly.</p>
 530 </li>
 531 <li>
 532 <p><code>prefetch</code>: hourly.</p>
 533 </li>
 534 <li>
 535 <p><code>loose-objects</code>: daily.</p>
 536 </li>
 537 <li>
 538 <p><code>incremental-repack</code>: daily.</p>
 539 </li>
 540 </ul>
 541 </div>
 542 </div>
 543 </div>
 544 <div class="paragraph">
 545 <p><code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>register</code> will also disable foreground maintenance by
 546 setting <code>maintenance.auto</code> <code>=</code> <code>false</code> in the current repository. This config
 547 setting will remain after a <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>unregister</code> command.</p>
 548 </div>
 549 </dd>
 550 <dt class="hdlist1">unregister</dt>
 551 <dd>
 552 <p>Remove the current repository from background maintenance. This
 553 only removes the repository from the configured list. It does not
 554 stop the background maintenance processes from running.</p>
 555 <div class="paragraph">
 556 <p>The <code>unregister</code> subcommand will report an error if the current repository
 557 is not already registered. Use the <code>--force</code> option to return success even
 558 when the current repository is not registered.</p>
 559 </div>
 560 </dd>
 561 </dl>
 562 </div>
 563 </div>
 564 </div>
 565 <div class="sect1">
 566 <h2 id="_tasks">TASKS</h2>
 567 <div class="sectionbody">
 568 <div class="dlist">
 569 <dl>
 570 <dt class="hdlist1">commit-graph</dt>
 571 <dd>
 572 <p>The <code>commit-graph</code> job updates the <code>commit-graph</code> files incrementally,
 573 then verifies that the written data is correct. The incremental
 574 write is safe to run alongside concurrent Git processes since it
 575 will not expire .<code>graph</code> files that were in the previous
 576 <code>commit-graph-chain</code> file. They will be deleted by a later run based
 577 on the expiration delay.</p>
 578 </dd>
 579 <dt class="hdlist1">prefetch</dt>
 580 <dd>
 581 <p>The <code>prefetch</code> task updates the object directory with the latest
 582 objects from all registered remotes. For each remote, a <code>git</code> <code>fetch</code>
 583 command is run. The configured refspec is modified to place all
 584 requested refs within <code>refs/prefetch/</code>. Also, tags are not updated.</p>
 585 <div class="paragraph">
 586 <p>This is done to avoid disrupting the remote-tracking branches. The end users
 587 expect these refs to stay unmoved unless they initiate a fetch.  However,
 588 with the prefetch task, the objects necessary to complete a later real fetch
 589 would already be obtained, making the real fetch faster.  In the ideal case,
 590 it will just become an update to a bunch of remote-tracking branches without
 591 any object transfer.</p>
 592 </div>
 593 <div class="paragraph">
 594 <p>The <code>remote.</code><em>&lt;name&gt;</em><code>.skipFetchAll</code> configuration can be used to
 595 exclude a particular remote from getting prefetched.</p>
 596 </div>
 597 </dd>
 598 <dt class="hdlist1">gc</dt>
 599 <dd>
 600 <p>Clean up unnecessary files and optimize the local repository. "GC"
 601 stands for "garbage collection," but this task performs many
 602 smaller tasks. This task can be expensive for large repositories,
 603 as it repacks all Git objects into a single pack-file. It can also
 604 be disruptive in some situations, as it deletes stale data. See
 605 <a href="git-gc.html">git-gc(1)</a> for more details on garbage collection in Git.</p>
 606 </dd>
 607 <dt class="hdlist1">loose-objects</dt>
 608 <dd>
 609 <p>The <code>loose-objects</code> job cleans up loose objects and places them into
 610 pack-files. In order to prevent race conditions with concurrent Git
 611 commands, it follows a two-step process. First, it deletes any loose
 612 objects that already exist in a pack-file; concurrent Git processes
 613 will examine the pack-file for the object data instead of the loose
 614 object. Second, it creates a new pack-file (starting with "loose-")
 615 containing a batch of loose objects. The batch size is limited to 50
 616 thousand objects to prevent the job from taking too long on a
 617 repository with many loose objects. The <code>gc</code> task writes unreachable
 618 objects as loose objects to be cleaned up by a later step only if
 619 they are not re-added to a pack-file; for this reason it is not
 620 advisable to enable both the <code>loose-objects</code> and <code>gc</code> tasks at the
 621 same time.</p>
 622 </dd>
 623 <dt class="hdlist1">incremental-repack</dt>
 624 <dd>
 625 <p>The <code>incremental-repack</code> job repacks the object directory
 626 using the <code>multi-pack-index</code> feature. In order to prevent race
 627 conditions with concurrent Git commands, it follows a two-step
 628 process. First, it calls <code>git</code> <code>multi-pack-index</code> <code>expire</code> to delete
 629 pack-files unreferenced by the <code>multi-pack-index</code> file. Second, it
 630 calls <code>git</code> <code>multi-pack-index</code> <code>repack</code> to select several small
 631 pack-files and repack them into a bigger one, and then update the
 632 <code>multi-pack-index</code> entries that refer to the small pack-files to
 633 refer to the new pack-file. This prepares those small pack-files
 634 for deletion upon the next run of <code>git</code> <code>multi-pack-index</code> <code>expire</code>.
 635 The selection of the small pack-files is such that the expected
 636 size of the big pack-file is at least the batch size; see the
 637 <code>--batch-size</code> option for the <code>repack</code> subcommand in
 638 <a href="git-multi-pack-index.html">git-multi-pack-index(1)</a>. The default batch-size is zero,
 639 which is a special case that attempts to repack all pack-files
 640 into a single pack-file.</p>
 641 </dd>
 642 <dt class="hdlist1">pack-refs</dt>
 643 <dd>
 644 <p>The <code>pack-refs</code> task collects the loose reference files and
 645 collects them into a single file. This speeds up operations that
 646 need to iterate across many references. See <a href="git-pack-refs.html">git-pack-refs(1)</a>
 647 for more information.</p>
 648 </dd>
 649 </dl>
 650 </div>
 651 </div>
 652 </div>
 653 <div class="sect1">
 654 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 655 <div class="sectionbody">
 656 <div class="dlist">
 657 <dl>
 658 <dt class="hdlist1">--auto</dt>
 659 <dd>
 660 <p>When combined with the <code>run</code> subcommand, run maintenance tasks
 661 only if certain thresholds are met. For example, the <code>gc</code> task
 662 runs when the number of loose objects exceeds the number stored
 663 in the <code>gc.auto</code> config setting, or when the number of pack-files
 664 exceeds the <code>gc.autoPackLimit</code> config setting. Not compatible with
 665 the <code>--schedule</code> option.</p>
 666 </dd>
 667 <dt class="hdlist1">--schedule</dt>
 668 <dd>
 669 <p>When combined with the <code>run</code> subcommand, run maintenance tasks
 670 only if certain time conditions are met, as specified by the
 671 <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.schedule</code> config value for each <em>&lt;task&gt;</em>.
 672 This config value specifies a number of seconds since the last
 673 time that task ran, according to the <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.lastRun</code>
 674 config value. The tasks that are tested are those provided by
 675 the <code>--task=</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em> option(s) or those with
 676 <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.enabled</code> set to true.</p>
 677 </dd>
 678 <dt class="hdlist1">--quiet</dt>
 679 <dd>
 680 <p>Do not report progress or other information over <code>stderr</code>.</p>
 681 </dd>
 682 <dt class="hdlist1">--task=&lt;task&gt;</dt>
 683 <dd>
 684 <p>If this option is specified one or more times, then only run the
 685 specified tasks in the specified order. If no <code>--task=</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em>
 686 arguments are specified, then only the tasks with
 687 <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.enabled</code> configured as <code>true</code> are considered.
 688 See the <em>TASKS</em> section for the list of accepted <em>&lt;task&gt;</em> values.</p>
 689 </dd>
 690 <dt class="hdlist1">--scheduler=auto|crontab|systemd-timer|launchctl|schtasks</dt>
 691 <dd>
 692 <p>When combined with the <code>start</code> subcommand, specify the scheduler
 693 for running the hourly, daily and weekly executions of
 694 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code>.
 695 Possible values for <em>&lt;scheduler&gt;</em> are <code>auto</code>, <code>crontab</code>
 696 (POSIX), <code>systemd-timer</code> (Linux), <code>launchctl</code> (macOS), and
 697 <code>schtasks</code> (Windows). When <code>auto</code> is specified, the
 698 appropriate platform-specific scheduler is used; on Linux,
 699 <code>systemd-timer</code> is used if available, otherwise
 700 <code>crontab</code>. Default is <code>auto</code>.</p>
 701 </dd>
 702 </dl>
 703 </div>
 704 </div>
 705 </div>
 706 <div class="sect1">
 707 <h2 id="_troubleshooting">TROUBLESHOOTING</h2>
 708 <div class="sectionbody">
 709 <div class="paragraph">
 710 <p>The <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> command is designed to simplify the repository
 711 maintenance patterns while minimizing user wait time during Git commands.
 712 A variety of configuration options are available to allow customizing this
 713 process. The default maintenance options focus on operations that complete
 714 quickly, even on large repositories.</p>
 715 </div>
 716 <div class="paragraph">
 717 <p>Users may find some cases where scheduled maintenance tasks do not run as
 718 frequently as intended. Each <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> command takes a lock on
 719 the repository&#8217;s object database, and this prevents other concurrent
 720 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> commands from running on the same repository. Without
 721 this safeguard, competing processes could leave the repository in an
 722 unpredictable state.</p>
 723 </div>
 724 <div class="paragraph">
 725 <p>The background maintenance schedule runs <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> processes
 726 on an hourly basis. Each run executes the "hourly" tasks. At midnight,
 727 that process also executes the "daily" tasks. At midnight on the first day
 728 of the week, that process also executes the "weekly" tasks. A single
 729 process iterates over each registered repository, performing the scheduled
 730 tasks for that frequency. The processes are scheduled to a random minute of
 731 the hour per client to spread out the load that multiple clients might
 732 generate (e.g. from prefetching). Depending on the number of registered
 733 repositories and their sizes, this process may take longer than an hour.
 734 In this case, multiple <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> commands may run on the same
 735 repository at the same time, colliding on the object database lock. This
 736 results in one of the two tasks not running.</p>
 737 </div>
 738 <div class="paragraph">
 739 <p>If you find that some maintenance windows are taking longer than one hour
 740 to complete, then consider reducing the complexity of your maintenance
 741 tasks. For example, the <code>gc</code> task is much slower than the
 742 <code>incremental-repack</code> task. However, this comes at a cost of a slightly
 743 larger object database. Consider moving more expensive tasks to be run
 744 less frequently.</p>
 745 </div>
 746 <div class="paragraph">
 747 <p>Expert users may consider scheduling their own maintenance tasks using a
 748 different schedule than is available through <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> and
 749 Git configuration options. These users should be aware of the object
 750 database lock and how concurrent <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> commands behave.
 751 Further, the <code>git</code> <code>gc</code> command should not be combined with
 752 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> commands. <code>git</code> <code>gc</code> modifies the object database
 753 but does not take the lock in the same way as <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code>. If
 754 possible, use <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--task=gc</code> instead of <code>git</code> <code>gc</code>.</p>
 755 </div>
 756 <div class="paragraph">
 757 <p>The following sections describe the mechanisms put in place to run
 758 background maintenance by <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> and how to customize
 759 them.</p>
 760 </div>
 761 </div>
 762 </div>
 763 <div class="sect1">
 764 <h2 id="_background_maintenance_on_posix_systems">BACKGROUND MAINTENANCE ON POSIX SYSTEMS</h2>
 765 <div class="sectionbody">
 766 <div class="paragraph">
 767 <p>The standard mechanism for scheduling background tasks on POSIX systems
 768 is cron(8). This tool executes commands based on a given schedule. The
 769 current list of user-scheduled tasks can be found by running <code>crontab</code> <code>-l</code>.
 770 The schedule written by <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> is similar to this:</p>
 771 </div>
 772 <div class="listingblock">
 773 <div class="content">
 774 <pre># BEGIN GIT MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
 775 # The following schedule was created by Git
 776 # Any edits made in this region might be
 777 # replaced in the future by a Git command.
 778
 779 0 1-23 * * * "/&lt;path&gt;/git" --exec-path="/&lt;path&gt;" for-each-repo --config=maintenance.repo maintenance run --schedule=hourly
 780 0 0 * * 1-6 "/&lt;path&gt;/git" --exec-path="/&lt;path&gt;" for-each-repo --config=maintenance.repo maintenance run --schedule=daily
 781 0 0 * * 0 "/&lt;path&gt;/git" --exec-path="/&lt;path&gt;" for-each-repo --config=maintenance.repo maintenance run --schedule=weekly
 782
 783 # END GIT MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE</pre>
 784 </div>
 785 </div>
 786 <div class="paragraph">
 787 <p>The comments are used as a region to mark the schedule as written by Git.
 788 Any modifications within this region will be completely deleted by
 789 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>stop</code> or overwritten by <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code>.</p>
 790 </div>
 791 <div class="paragraph">
 792 <p>The <code>crontab</code> entry specifies the full path of the <code>git</code> executable to
 793 ensure that the executed <code>git</code> command is the same one with which
 794 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> was issued independent of <code>PATH</code>. If the same user
 795 runs <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> with multiple Git executables, then only the
 796 latest executable is used.</p>
 797 </div>
 798 <div class="paragraph">
 799 <p>These commands use <code>git</code> <code>for-each-repo</code> <code>--config=maintenance.repo</code> to run
 800 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--schedule=</code><em>&lt;frequency&gt;</em> on each repository listed in
 801 the multi-valued <code>maintenance.repo</code> config option. These are typically
 802 loaded from the user-specific global config. The <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> process
 803 then determines which maintenance tasks are configured to run on each
 804 repository with each <em>&lt;frequency&gt;</em> using the <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.schedule</code>
 805 config options. These values are loaded from the global or repository
 806 config values.</p>
 807 </div>
 808 <div class="paragraph">
 809 <p>If the config values are insufficient to achieve your desired background
 810 maintenance schedule, then you can create your own schedule. If you run
 811 <code>crontab</code> <code>-e</code>, then an editor will load with your user-specific <code>cron</code>
 812 schedule. In that editor, you can add your own schedule lines. You could
 813 start by adapting the default schedule listed earlier, or you could read
 814 the crontab(5) documentation for advanced scheduling techniques. Please
 815 do use the full path and <code>--exec-path</code> techniques from the default
 816 schedule to ensure you are executing the correct binaries in your
 817 schedule.</p>
 818 </div>
 819 </div>
 820 </div>
 821 <div class="sect1">
 822 <h2 id="_background_maintenance_on_linux_systemd_systems">BACKGROUND MAINTENANCE ON LINUX SYSTEMD SYSTEMS</h2>
 823 <div class="sectionbody">
 824 <div class="paragraph">
 825 <p>While Linux supports <code>cron</code>, depending on the distribution, <code>cron</code> may
 826 be an optional package not necessarily installed. On modern Linux
 827 distributions, systemd timers are superseding it.</p>
 828 </div>
 829 <div class="paragraph">
 830 <p>If user systemd timers are available, they will be used as a replacement
 831 of <code>cron</code>.</p>
 832 </div>
 833 <div class="paragraph">
 834 <p>In this case, <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> will create user systemd timer units
 835 and start the timers. The current list of user-scheduled tasks can be found
 836 by running <code>systemctl</code> <code>--user</code> <code>list-timers</code>. The timers written by <code>git</code>
 837 <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> are similar to this:</p>
 838 </div>
 839 <div class="listingblock">
 840 <div class="content">
 841 <pre>$ systemctl --user list-timers
 842 NEXT                         LEFT          LAST                         PASSED     UNIT                         ACTIVATES
 843 Thu 2021-04-29 19:00:00 CEST 42min left    Thu 2021-04-29 18:00:11 CEST 17min ago  git-maintenance@hourly.timer git-maintenance@hourly.service
 844 Fri 2021-04-30 00:00:00 CEST 5h 42min left Thu 2021-04-29 00:00:11 CEST 18h ago    git-maintenance@daily.timer  git-maintenance@daily.service
 845 Mon 2021-05-03 00:00:00 CEST 3 days left   Mon 2021-04-26 00:00:11 CEST 3 days ago git-maintenance@weekly.timer git-maintenance@weekly.service</pre>
 846 </div>
 847 </div>
 848 <div class="paragraph">
 849 <p>One timer is registered for each <code>--schedule=</code><em>&lt;frequency&gt;</em> option.</p>
 850 </div>
 851 <div class="paragraph">
 852 <p>The definition of the systemd units can be inspected in the following files:</p>
 853 </div>
 854 <div class="listingblock">
 855 <div class="content">
 856 <pre>~/.config/systemd/user/git-maintenance@.timer
 857 ~/.config/systemd/user/git-maintenance@.service
 858 ~/.config/systemd/user/timers.target.wants/git-maintenance@hourly.timer
 859 ~/.config/systemd/user/timers.target.wants/git-maintenance@daily.timer
 860 ~/.config/systemd/user/timers.target.wants/git-maintenance@weekly.timer</pre>
 861 </div>
 862 </div>
 863 <div class="paragraph">
 864 <p><code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> will overwrite these files and start the timer
 865 again with <code>systemctl</code> <code>--user</code>, so any customization should be done by
 866 creating a drop-in file, i.e. a .<code>conf</code> suffixed file in the
 867 <code>~/.config/systemd/user/git-maintenance@.service.d</code> directory.</p>
 868 </div>
 869 <div class="paragraph">
 870 <p><code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>stop</code> will stop the user systemd timers and delete
 871 the above mentioned files.</p>
 872 </div>
 873 <div class="paragraph">
 874 <p>For more details, see <code>systemd.timer</code>(<code>5</code>).</p>
 875 </div>
 876 </div>
 877 </div>
 878 <div class="sect1">
 879 <h2 id="_background_maintenance_on_macos_systems">BACKGROUND MAINTENANCE ON MACOS SYSTEMS</h2>
 880 <div class="sectionbody">
 881 <div class="paragraph">
 882 <p>While macOS technically supports <code>cron</code>, using <code>crontab</code> <code>-e</code> requires
 883 elevated privileges and the executed process does not have a full user
 884 context. Without a full user context, Git and its credential helpers
 885 cannot access stored credentials, so some maintenance tasks are not
 886 functional.</p>
 887 </div>
 888 <div class="paragraph">
 889 <p>Instead, <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> interacts with the <code>launchctl</code> tool,
 890 which is the recommended way to schedule timed jobs in macOS. Scheduling
 891 maintenance through <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> (<code>start</code>|<code>stop</code>) requires some
 892 <code>launchctl</code> features available only in macOS 10.11 or later.</p>
 893 </div>
 894 <div class="paragraph">
 895 <p>Your user-specific scheduled tasks are stored as XML-formatted .<code>plist</code>
 896 files in <code>~/Library/LaunchAgents/</code>. You can see the currently-registered
 897 tasks using the following command:</p>
 898 </div>
 899 <div class="listingblock">
 900 <div class="content">
 901 <pre>$ ls ~/Library/LaunchAgents/org.git-scm.git*
 902 org.git-scm.git.daily.plist
 903 org.git-scm.git.hourly.plist
 904 org.git-scm.git.weekly.plist</pre>
 905 </div>
 906 </div>
 907 <div class="paragraph">
 908 <p>One task is registered for each <code>--schedule=</code><em>&lt;frequency&gt;</em> option. To
 909 inspect how the XML format describes each schedule, open one of these
 910 .<code>plist</code> files in an editor and inspect the <em>&lt;array&gt;</em> element following
 911 the <em>&lt;key&gt;</em><code>StartCalendarInterval</code>&lt;/key&gt; element.</p>
 912 </div>
 913 <div class="paragraph">
 914 <p><code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> will overwrite these files and register the
 915 tasks again with <code>launchctl</code>, so any customizations should be done by
 916 creating your own .<code>plist</code> files with distinct names. Similarly, the
 917 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>stop</code> command will unregister the tasks with <code>launchctl</code>
 918 and delete the .<code>plist</code> files.</p>
 919 </div>
 920 <div class="paragraph">
 921 <p>To create more advanced customizations to your background tasks, see
 922 launchctl.plist(5) for more information.</p>
 923 </div>
 924 </div>
 925 </div>
 926 <div class="sect1">
 927 <h2 id="_background_maintenance_on_windows_systems">BACKGROUND MAINTENANCE ON WINDOWS SYSTEMS</h2>
 928 <div class="sectionbody">
 929 <div class="paragraph">
 930 <p>Windows does not support <code>cron</code> and instead has its own system for
 931 scheduling background tasks. The <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> command uses
 932 the <code>schtasks</code> command to submit tasks to this system. You can inspect
 933 all background tasks using the Task Scheduler application. The tasks
 934 added by Git have names of the form <code>Git</code> <code>Maintenance</code> (<em>&lt;frequency&gt;</em>).
 935 The Task Scheduler GUI has ways to inspect these tasks, but you can also
 936 export the tasks to XML files and view the details there.</p>
 937 </div>
 938 <div class="paragraph">
 939 <p>Note that since Git is a console application, these background tasks
 940 create a console window visible to the current user. This can be changed
 941 manually by selecting the "Run whether user is logged in or not" option
 942 in Task Scheduler. This change requires a password input, which is why
 943 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>start</code> does not select it by default.</p>
 944 </div>
 945 <div class="paragraph">
 946 <p>If you want to customize the background tasks, please rename the tasks
 947 so future calls to <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> (<code>start</code>|<code>stop</code>) do not overwrite your
 948 custom tasks.</p>
 949 </div>
 950 </div>
 951 </div>
 952 <div class="sect1">
 953 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
 954 <div class="sectionbody">
 955 <div class="paragraph">
 956 <p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
 957 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
 958 as what&#8217;s found there:</p>
 959 </div>
 960 <div class="dlist">
 961 <dl>
 962 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.auto</dt>
 963 <dd>
 964 <p>This boolean config option controls whether some commands run
 965 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--auto</code> after doing their normal work. Defaults
 966 to true.</p>
 967 </dd>
 968 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.autoDetach</dt>
 969 <dd>
 970 <p>Many Git commands trigger automatic maintenance after they have
 971 written data into the repository. This boolean config option
 972 controls whether this automatic maintenance shall happen in the
 973 foreground or whether the maintenance process shall detach and
 974 continue to run in the background.</p>
 975 <div class="paragraph">
 976 <p>If unset, the value of <code>gc.autoDetach</code> is used as a fallback. Defaults
 977 to true if both are unset, meaning that the maintenance process will
 978 detach.</p>
 979 </div>
 980 </dd>
 981 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.strategy</dt>
 982 <dd>
 983 <p>This string config option provides a way to specify one of a few
 984 recommended schedules for background maintenance. This only affects
 985 which tasks are run during <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--schedule=X</code>
 986 commands, provided no <code>--task=</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em> arguments are provided.
 987 Further, if a <code>maintenance.</code><em>&lt;task&gt;</em><code>.schedule</code> config value is set,
 988 then that value is used instead of the one provided by
 989 <code>maintenance.strategy</code>. The possible strategy strings are:</p>
 990 <div class="ulist">
 991 <ul>
 992 <li>
 993 <p><code>none</code>: This default setting implies no tasks are run at any schedule.</p>
 994 </li>
 995 <li>
 996 <p><code>incremental</code>: This setting optimizes for performing small maintenance
 997 activities that do not delete any data. This does not schedule the <code>gc</code>
 998 task, but runs the <code>prefetch</code> and <code>commit-graph</code> tasks hourly, the
 999 <code>loose-objects</code> and <code>incremental-repack</code> tasks daily, and the <code>pack-refs</code>
1000 task weekly.</p>
1001 </li>
1002 </ul>
1003 </div>
1004 </dd>
1005 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.&lt;task&gt;.enabled</dt>
1006 <dd>
1007 <p>This boolean config option controls whether the maintenance task
1008 with name <em>&lt;task&gt;</em> is run when no <code>--task</code> option is specified to
1009 <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code>. These config values are ignored if a
1010 <code>--task</code> option exists. By default, only <code>maintenance.gc.enabled</code>
1011 is true.</p>
1012 </dd>
1013 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.&lt;task&gt;.schedule</dt>
1014 <dd>
1015 <p>This config option controls whether or not the given <em>&lt;task&gt;</em> runs
1016 during a <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--schedule=</code><em>&lt;frequency&gt;</em> command. The
1017 value must be one of "hourly", "daily", or "weekly".</p>
1018 </dd>
1019 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.commit-graph.auto</dt>
1020 <dd>
1021 <p>This integer config option controls how often the <code>commit-graph</code> task
1022 should be run as part of <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--auto</code>. If zero, then
1023 the <code>commit-graph</code> task will not run with the <code>--auto</code> option. A
1024 negative value will force the task to run every time. Otherwise, a
1025 positive value implies the command should run when the number of
1026 reachable commits that are not in the commit-graph file is at least
1027 the value of <code>maintenance.commit-graph.auto</code>. The default value is
1028 100.</p>
1029 </dd>
1030 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.loose-objects.auto</dt>
1031 <dd>
1032 <p>This integer config option controls how often the <code>loose-objects</code> task
1033 should be run as part of <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--auto</code>. If zero, then
1034 the <code>loose-objects</code> task will not run with the <code>--auto</code> option. A
1035 negative value will force the task to run every time. Otherwise, a
1036 positive value implies the command should run when the number of
1037 loose objects is at least the value of <code>maintenance.loose-objects.auto</code>.
1038 The default value is 100.</p>
1039 </dd>
1040 <dt class="hdlist1">maintenance.incremental-repack.auto</dt>
1041 <dd>
1042 <p>This integer config option controls how often the <code>incremental-repack</code>
1043 task should be run as part of <code>git</code> <code>maintenance</code> <code>run</code> <code>--auto</code>. If zero,
1044 then the <code>incremental-repack</code> task will not run with the <code>--auto</code>
1045 option. A negative value will force the task to run every time.
1046 Otherwise, a positive value implies the command should run when the
1047 number of pack-files not in the multi-pack-index is at least the value
1048 of <code>maintenance.incremental-repack.auto</code>. The default value is 10.</p>
1049 </dd>
1050 </dl>
1051 </div>
1052 </div>
1053 </div>
1054 <div class="sect1">
1055 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1056 <div class="sectionbody">
1057 <div class="paragraph">
1058 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
1059 </div>
1060 </div>
1061 </div>
1062 </div>
1063 <div id="footer">
1064 <div id="footer-text">
1065 Last updated 2024-10-11 11:55:10 -0700
1066 </div>
1067 </div>
1068 </body>
1069 </html>