git-init.html

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 734 </head>
 735 <body class="manpage">
 736 <div id="header">
 737 <h1>
 738 git-init(1) Manual Page
 739 </h1>
 740 <h2>NAME</h2>
 741 <div class="sectionbody">
 742 <p>git-init -
 743    Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one
 744 </p>
 745 </div>
 746 </div>
 747 <div id="content">
 748 <div class="sect1">
 749 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 750 <div class="sectionbody">
 751 <div class="verseblock">
 752 <pre class="content"><code>git init</code> [<code>-q</code> | <code>--quiet</code>] [<code>--bare</code>] [<code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em>]
 753           [<code>--separate-git-dir</code> <em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em>] [<code>--object-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em>]
 754           [<code>--ref-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em>]
 755           [<code>-b</code> <em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em> | <code>--initial-branch=</code><em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em>]
 756           [<code>--shared</code>[<code>=</code><em>&lt;permissions&gt;</em>]] [<em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>]</pre>
 757 <div class="attribution">
 758 </div></div>
 759 </div>
 760 </div>
 761 <div class="sect1">
 762 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 763 <div class="sectionbody">
 764 <div class="paragraph"><p>This command creates an empty Git repository - basically a <code>.git</code>
 765 directory with subdirectories for <code>objects</code>, <code>refs/heads</code>,
 766 <code>refs/tags</code>, and template files.  An initial branch without any
 767 commits will be created (see the <code>--initial-branch</code> option below
 768 for its name).</p></div>
 769 <div class="paragraph"><p>If the <code>$GIT_DIR</code> environment variable is set then it specifies a path
 770 to use instead of <code>./.git</code> for the base of the repository.</p></div>
 771 <div class="paragraph"><p>If the object storage directory is specified via the
 772 <code>$GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY</code> environment variable then the sha1 directories
 773 are created underneath; otherwise, the default <code>$GIT_DIR/objects</code>
 774 directory is used.</p></div>
 775 <div class="paragraph"><p>Running <code>git init</code> in an existing repository is safe. It will not
 776 overwrite things that are already there. The primary reason for
 777 rerunning <code>git init</code> is to pick up newly added templates (or to move
 778 the repository to another place if <code>--separate-git-dir</code> is given).</p></div>
 779 </div>
 780 </div>
 781 <div class="sect1">
 782 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 783 <div class="sectionbody">
 784 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 785 <dt class="hdlist1">
 786 <code>-q</code>
 787 </dt>
 788 <dt class="hdlist1">
 789 <code>--quiet</code>
 790 </dt>
 791 <dd>
 792 <p>
 793 Only print error and warning messages; all other output will be suppressed.
 794 </p>
 795 </dd>
 796 <dt class="hdlist1">
 797 <code>--bare</code>
 798 </dt>
 799 <dd>
 800 <p>
 801 Create a bare repository. If <code>GIT_DIR</code> environment is not set, it is set to the
 802 current working directory.
 803 </p>
 804 </dd>
 805 <dt class="hdlist1">
 806 <code>--object-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em>
 807 </dt>
 808 <dd>
 809 <p>
 810 Specify the given object <em>&lt;format&gt;</em> (hash algorithm) for the repository.  The valid
 811 values are <code>sha1</code> and (if enabled) <code>sha256</code>.  <code>sha1</code> is the default.
 812 </p>
 813 <div class="paragraph"><p>Note: At present, there is no interoperability between SHA-256
 814 repositories and SHA-1 repositories.</p></div>
 815 </dd>
 816 </dl></div>
 817 <div class="paragraph"><p>Historically, we warned that SHA-256 repositories may later need
 818 backward incompatible changes when we introduce such interoperability
 819 features. Today, we only expect compatible changes. Furthermore, if such
 820 changes prove to be necessary, it can be expected that SHA-256 repositories
 821 created with today&#8217;s Git will be usable by future versions of Git
 822 without data loss.</p></div>
 823 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 824 <dt class="hdlist1">
 825 <code>--ref-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em>
 826 </dt>
 827 <dd>
 828 <p>
 829 Specify the given ref storage <em>&lt;format&gt;</em> for the repository. The valid values are:
 830 </p>
 831 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 832 <li>
 833 <p>
 834 <code>files</code> for loose files with packed-refs. This is the default.
 835 </p>
 836 </li>
 837 <li>
 838 <p>
 839 <code>reftable</code> for the reftable format. This format is experimental and its
 840   internals are subject to change.
 841 </p>
 842 </li>
 843 </ul></div>
 844 </dd>
 845 <dt class="hdlist1">
 846 <code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em>
 847 </dt>
 848 <dd>
 849 <p>
 850 Specify the directory from which templates will be used.  (See the "TEMPLATE
 851 DIRECTORY" section below.)
 852 </p>
 853 </dd>
 854 <dt class="hdlist1">
 855 <code>--separate-git-dir=</code><em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em>
 856 </dt>
 857 <dd>
 858 <p>
 859 Instead of initializing the repository as a directory to either <code>$GIT_DIR</code> or
 860 <code>./.git/</code>, create a text file there containing the path to the actual
 861 repository.  This file acts as a filesystem-agnostic Git symbolic link to the
 862 repository.
 863 </p>
 864 <div class="paragraph"><p>If this is a reinitialization, the repository will be moved to the specified path.</p></div>
 865 </dd>
 866 <dt class="hdlist1">
 867 <code>-b</code> <em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em>
 868 </dt>
 869 <dt class="hdlist1">
 870 <code>--initial-branch=</code><em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em>
 871 </dt>
 872 <dd>
 873 <p>
 874 Use <em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em> for the initial branch in the newly created
 875 repository.  If not specified, fall back to the default name (currently
 876 <code>master</code>, but this is subject to change in the future; the name can be
 877 customized via the <code>init.defaultBranch</code> configuration variable).
 878 </p>
 879 </dd>
 880 <dt class="hdlist1">
 881 <code>--shared</code>[<code>=</code>(<code>false</code>|<code>true</code>|<code>umask</code>|<code>group</code>|<code>all</code>|<code>world</code>|<code>everybody</code>|<em>&lt;perm&gt;</em>)]
 882 </dt>
 883 <dd>
 884 <p>
 885 Specify that the Git repository is to be shared amongst several users.  This
 886 allows users belonging to the same group to push into that
 887 repository.  When specified, the config variable <code>core.sharedRepository</code> is
 888 set so that files and directories under <code>$GIT_DIR</code> are created with the
 889 requested permissions.  When not specified, Git will use permissions reported
 890 by <code>umask</code>(2).
 891 </p>
 892 <div class="paragraph"><p>The option can have the following values, defaulting to <code>group</code> if no value
 893 is given:</p></div>
 894 <div class="openblock">
 895 <div class="content">
 896 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 897 <dt class="hdlist1">
 898 <code>umask</code>
 899 </dt>
 900 <dt class="hdlist1">
 901 <code>false</code>
 902 </dt>
 903 <dd>
 904 <p>
 905 Use permissions reported by <code>umask</code>(2). The default, when <code>--shared</code> is not
 906 specified.
 907 </p>
 908 </dd>
 909 <dt class="hdlist1">
 910 <code>group</code>
 911 </dt>
 912 <dt class="hdlist1">
 913 <code>true</code>
 914 </dt>
 915 <dd>
 916 <p>
 917 Make the repository group-writable, (and <code>g+sx</code>, since the git group may not be
 918 the primary group of all users). This is used to loosen the permissions of an
 919 otherwise safe <code>umask</code>(2) value. Note that the umask still applies to the other
 920 permission bits (e.g. if umask is <code>0022</code>, using <code>group</code> will not remove read
 921 privileges from other (non-group) users). See <code>0xxx</code> for how to exactly specify
 922 the repository permissions.
 923 </p>
 924 </dd>
 925 <dt class="hdlist1">
 926 <code>all</code>
 927 </dt>
 928 <dt class="hdlist1">
 929 <code>world</code>
 930 </dt>
 931 <dt class="hdlist1">
 932 <code>everybody</code>
 933 </dt>
 934 <dd>
 935 <p>
 936 Same as <code>group</code>, but make the repository readable by all users.
 937 </p>
 938 </dd>
 939 <dt class="hdlist1">
 940 <em>&lt;perm&gt;</em>
 941 </dt>
 942 <dd>
 943 <p>
 944 <em>&lt;perm&gt;</em> is a 3-digit octal number prefixed with &#8216;0` and each file
 945 will have mode <em>&lt;perm&gt;</em>. <em>&lt;perm&gt;</em> will override users&#8217; <code>umask</code>(2)
 946 value (and not only loosen permissions as <code>group</code> and <code>all</code>
 947 do). <code>0640</code> will create a repository which is group-readable, but
 948 not group-writable or accessible to others. <code>0660</code> will create a repo
 949 that is readable and writable to the current user and group, but
 950 inaccessible to others (directories and executable files get their
 951 <code>x</code> bit from the <code>r</code> bit for corresponding classes of users).
 952 </p>
 953 </dd>
 954 </dl></div>
 955 </div></div>
 956 </dd>
 957 </dl></div>
 958 <div class="paragraph"><p>By default, the configuration flag <code>receive.denyNonFastForwards</code> is enabled
 959 in shared repositories, so that you cannot force a non fast-forwarding push
 960 into it.</p></div>
 961 <div class="paragraph"><p>If you provide a <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>, the command is run inside it. If this directory
 962 does not exist, it will be created.</p></div>
 963 </div>
 964 </div>
 965 <div class="sect1">
 966 <h2 id="_template_directory">TEMPLATE DIRECTORY</h2>
 967 <div class="sectionbody">
 968 <div class="paragraph"><p>Files and directories in the template directory whose name do not start with a
 969 dot will be copied to the <code>$GIT_DIR</code> after it is created.</p></div>
 970 <div class="paragraph"><p>The template directory will be one of the following (in order):</p></div>
 971 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 972 <li>
 973 <p>
 974 the argument given with the <code>--template</code> option;
 975 </p>
 976 </li>
 977 <li>
 978 <p>
 979 the contents of the <code>$GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR</code> environment variable;
 980 </p>
 981 </li>
 982 <li>
 983 <p>
 984 the <code>init.templateDir</code> configuration variable; or
 985 </p>
 986 </li>
 987 <li>
 988 <p>
 989 the default template directory: <code>/usr/share/git-core/templates</code>.
 990 </p>
 991 </li>
 992 </ul></div>
 993 <div class="paragraph"><p>The default template directory includes some directory structure, suggested
 994 "exclude patterns" (see <a href="gitignore.html">gitignore(5)</a>), and sample hook files.</p></div>
 995 <div class="paragraph"><p>The sample hooks are all disabled by default. To enable one of the
 996 sample hooks rename it by removing its <code>.sample</code> suffix.</p></div>
 997 <div class="paragraph"><p>See <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a> for more general info on hook execution.</p></div>
 998 </div>
 999 </div>
1000 <div class="sect1">
1001 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
1002 <div class="sectionbody">
1003 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1004 <dt class="hdlist1">
1005 Start a new Git repository for an existing code base
1006 </dt>
1007 <dd>
1008 <div class="listingblock">
1009 <div class="content">
1010 <pre><code>$ cd /path/to/my/codebase
1011 $ git init      <b>&lt;1&gt;</b>
1012 $ git add .     <b>&lt;2&gt;</b>
1013 $ git commit    <b>&lt;3&gt;</b></code></pre>
1014 </div></div>
1015 <div class="colist arabic"><ol>
1016 <li>
1017 <p>
1018 Create a <code>/path/to/my/codebase/.git</code> directory.
1019 </p>
1020 </li>
1021 <li>
1022 <p>
1023 Add all existing files to the index.
1024 </p>
1025 </li>
1026 <li>
1027 <p>
1028 Record the pristine state as the first commit in the history.
1029 </p>
1030 </li>
1031 </ol></div>
1032 </dd>
1033 </dl></div>
1034 </div>
1035 </div>
1036 <div class="sect1">
1037 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
1038 <div class="sectionbody">
1039 <div class="paragraph"><p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
1040 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
1041 as what&#8217;s found there:</p></div>
1042 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1043 <dt class="hdlist1">
1044 <code>init.templateDir</code>
1045 </dt>
1046 <dd>
1047 <p>
1048         Specify the directory from which templates will be copied.
1049 </p>
1050 </dd>
1051 <dt class="hdlist1">
1052 <code>init.defaultBranch</code>
1053 </dt>
1054 <dd>
1055 <p>
1056         Allows overriding the default branch name e.g. when initializing
1057         a new repository.
1058 </p>
1059 </dd>
1060 </dl></div>
1061 </div>
1062 </div>
1063 <div class="sect1">
1064 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1065 <div class="sectionbody">
1066 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
1067 </div>
1068 </div>
1069 </div>
1070 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
1071 <div id="footer">
1072 <div id="footer-text">
1073 Last updated
1074  2024-04-09 14:45:01 PDT
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