6 git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
12 git diff [<options>] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
13 git diff [<options>] --cached [--merge-base] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
14 git diff [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> [<commit>...] <commit> [--] [<path>...]
15 git diff [<options>] <commit>...<commit> [--] [<path>...]
16 git diff [<options>] <blob> <blob>
17 git diff [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>
21 Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
22 between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, changes resulting
23 from a merge, changes between two blob objects, or changes between two
26 `git diff [<options>] [--] [<path>...]`::
28 This form is to view the changes you made relative to
29 the index (staging area for the next commit). In other
30 words, the differences are what you _could_ tell Git to
31 further add to the index but you still haven't. You can
32 stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
34 `git diff [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>`::
36 This form is to compare the given two paths on the
37 filesystem. You can omit the `--no-index` option when
38 running the command in a working tree controlled by Git and
39 at least one of the paths points outside the working tree,
40 or when running the command outside a working tree
41 controlled by Git. This form implies `--exit-code`.
43 `git diff [<options>] --cached [--merge-base] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]`::
45 This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
46 commit relative to the named _<commit>_. Typically you
47 would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
48 do not give _<commit>_, it defaults to `HEAD`.
49 If `HEAD` does not exist (e.g. unborn branches) and
50 _<commit>_ is not given, it shows all staged changes.
51 `--staged` is a synonym of `--cached`.
53 If `--merge-base` is given, instead of using _<commit>_, use the merge base
54 of _<commit>_ and `HEAD`. `git diff --cached --merge-base A` is equivalent to
55 `git diff --cached $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
57 `git diff [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> [--] [<path>...]`::
59 This form is to view the changes you have in your
60 working tree relative to the named _<commit>_. You can
61 use `HEAD` to compare it with the latest commit, or a
62 branch name to compare with the tip of a different
65 If `--merge-base` is given, instead of using _<commit>_, use the merge base
66 of _<commit>_ and `HEAD`. `git diff --merge-base A` is equivalent to
67 `git diff $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
69 `git diff [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]`::
71 This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
74 If `--merge-base` is given, use the merge base of the two commits for the
75 "before" side. `git diff --merge-base A B` is equivalent to
76 `git diff $(git merge-base A B) B`.
78 `git diff [<options>] <commit> <commit>...<commit> [--] [<path>...]`::
80 This form is to view the results of a merge commit. The first
81 listed _<commit>_ must be the merge itself; the remaining two or
82 more commits should be its parents. Convenient ways to produce
83 the desired set of revisions are to use the suffixes `@` and
84 `^!`. If `A` is a merge commit, then `git diff A A^@`,
85 `git diff A^!` and `git show A` all give the same combined diff.
87 `git diff [<options>] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]`::
89 This is synonymous to the earlier form (without the `..`) for
90 viewing the changes between two arbitrary _<commit>_. If _<commit>_ on
91 one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
94 `git diff [<options>] <commit>...<commit> [--] [<path>...]`::
96 This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
97 and up to the second _<commit>_, starting at a common ancestor
98 of both _<commit>_. `git diff A...B` is equivalent to
99 `git diff $(git merge-base A B) B`. You can omit any one
100 of _<commit>_, which has the same effect as using `HEAD` instead.
102 Just in case you are doing something exotic, it should be
103 noted that all of the _<commit>_ in the above description, except
104 in the `--merge-base` case and in the last two forms that use `..`
105 notations, can be any _<tree>_. A tree of interest is the one pointed to
106 by the ref named `AUTO_MERGE`, which is written by the `ort` merge
107 strategy upon hitting merge conflicts (see linkgit:git-merge[1]).
108 Comparing the working tree with `AUTO_MERGE` shows changes you've made
109 so far to resolve textual conflicts (see the examples below).
111 For a more complete list of ways to spell _<commit>_, see
112 "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
113 However, `diff` is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
114 and the range notations (`<commit>..<commit>` and `<commit>...<commit>`)
115 do not mean a range as defined in the
116 "SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
118 `git diff [<options>] <blob> <blob>`::
120 This form is to view the differences between the raw
121 contents of two blob objects.
126 include::diff-options.txt[]
134 Compare the working tree with
137 * the "base" version (stage #1) when using `-1` or `--base`,
138 * "our branch" (stage #2) when using `-2` or `--ours`, or
139 * "their branch" (stage #3) when using `-3` or `--theirs`.
142 The index contains these stages only for unmerged entries i.e.
143 while resolving conflicts. See linkgit:git-read-tree[1]
144 section "3-Way Merge" for detailed information.
147 Omit diff output for unmerged entries and just show
148 "Unmerged". Can be used only when comparing the working tree
152 The _<path>_ parameters, when given, are used to limit
153 the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
154 names and get diff for all files under them).
157 include::diff-format.txt[]
162 Various ways to check your working tree::
166 $ git diff --cached <2>
168 $ git diff AUTO_MERGE <4>
171 <1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
172 <2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
173 would be committing if you run `git commit` without `-a` option.
174 <3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
175 would be committing if you run `git commit -a`
176 <4> Changes in the working tree you've made to resolve textual
179 Comparing with arbitrary commits::
183 $ git diff HEAD -- ./test <2>
184 $ git diff HEAD^ HEAD <3>
187 <1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
188 tip of "test" branch.
189 <2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
190 the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
192 <3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
197 $ git diff topic master <1>
198 $ git diff topic..master <2>
199 $ git diff topic...master <3>
202 <1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
204 <3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
205 branch was started off it.
207 Limiting the diff output::
210 $ git diff --diff-filter=MRC <1>
211 $ git diff --name-status <2>
212 $ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <3>
215 <1> Show only modification, rename, and copy, but not addition
217 <2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
219 <3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
221 Munging the diff output::
224 $ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C <1>
228 <1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
229 rewrites (very expensive).
230 <2> Output diff in reverse.
235 include::includes/cmd-config-section-all.txt[]
238 include::config/diff.txt[]
243 linkgit:git-difftool[1],
245 linkgit:gitdiffcore[7],
246 linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
247 linkgit:git-apply[1],
252 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite