howto/separating-topic-branches.html

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 440 </head>
 441 <body class="article">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>How to separate topic branches</h1>
 444 <div class="details">
 445 <span id="revdate">2024-11-27</span>
 446 </div>
 447 </div>
 448 <div id="content">
 449 <div class="paragraph">
 450 <p>This text was originally a footnote to a discussion about the
 451 behaviour of the git diff commands.</p>
 452 </div>
 453 <div class="paragraph">
 454 <p>Often I find myself doing that [running diff against something other
 455 than HEAD] while rewriting messy development history.  For example, I
 456 start doing some work without knowing exactly where it leads, and end
 457 up with a history like this:</p>
 458 </div>
 459 <div class="literalblock">
 460 <div class="content">
 461 <pre>    "master"
 462 o---o
 463      \                    "topic"
 464       o---o---o---o---o---o</pre>
 465 </div>
 466 </div>
 467 <div class="paragraph">
 468 <p>At this point, "topic" contains something I know I want, but it
 469 contains two concepts that turned out to be completely independent.
 470 And often, one topic component is larger than the other.  It may
 471 contain more than two topics.</p>
 472 </div>
 473 <div class="paragraph">
 474 <p>In order to rewrite this mess to be more manageable, I would first do
 475 "diff master..topic", to extract the changes into a single patch, start
 476 picking pieces from it to get logically self-contained units, and
 477 start building on top of "master":</p>
 478 </div>
 479 <div class="literalblock">
 480 <div class="content">
 481 <pre>$ git diff master..topic &gt;P.diff
 482 $ git checkout -b topicA master
 483 ... pick and apply pieces from P.diff to build
 484 ... commits on topicA branch.</pre>
 485 </div>
 486 </div>
 487 <div class="literalblock">
 488 <div class="content">
 489 <pre>      o---o---o
 490      /        "topicA"
 491 o---o"master"
 492      \                    "topic"
 493       o---o---o---o---o---o</pre>
 494 </div>
 495 </div>
 496 <div class="paragraph">
 497 <p>Before doing each commit on "topicA" HEAD, I run "diff HEAD"
 498 before update-index the affected paths, or "diff --cached HEAD"
 499 after.  Also I would run "diff --cached master" to make sure
 500 that the changes are only the ones related to "topicA".  Usually
 501 I do this for smaller topics first.</p>
 502 </div>
 503 <div class="paragraph">
 504 <p>After that, I&#8217;d do the remainder of the original "topic", but
 505 for that, I do not start from the patchfile I extracted by
 506 comparing "master" and "topic" I used initially.  Still on
 507 "topicA", I extract "diff topic", and use it to rebuild the
 508 other topic:</p>
 509 </div>
 510 <div class="literalblock">
 511 <div class="content">
 512 <pre>$ git diff -R topic &gt;P.diff ;# --cached also would work fine
 513 $ git checkout -b topicB master
 514 ... pick and apply pieces from P.diff to build
 515 ... commits on topicB branch.</pre>
 516 </div>
 517 </div>
 518 <div class="literalblock">
 519 <div class="content">
 520 <pre>                        "topicB"
 521        o---o---o---o---o
 522       /
 523      /o---o---o
 524     |/        "topicA"
 525 o---o"master"
 526      \                    "topic"
 527       o---o---o---o---o---o</pre>
 528 </div>
 529 </div>
 530 <div class="paragraph">
 531 <p>After I am done, I&#8217;d try a pretend-merge between "topicA" and
 532 "topicB" in order to make sure I have not missed anything:</p>
 533 </div>
 534 <div class="literalblock">
 535 <div class="content">
 536 <pre>$ git pull . topicA ;# merge it into current "topicB"
 537 $ git diff topic
 538                         "topicB"
 539        o---o---o---o---o---* (pretend merge)
 540       /                   /
 541      /o---o---o----------'
 542     |/        "topicA"
 543 o---o"master"
 544      \                    "topic"
 545       o---o---o---o---o---o</pre>
 546 </div>
 547 </div>
 548 <div class="paragraph">
 549 <p>The last diff better not to show anything other than cleanups
 550 for cruft.  Then I can finally clean things up:</p>
 551 </div>
 552 <div class="literalblock">
 553 <div class="content">
 554 <pre>$ git branch -D topic
 555 $ git reset --hard HEAD^ ;# nuke pretend merge</pre>
 556 </div>
 557 </div>
 558 <div class="literalblock">
 559 <div class="content">
 560 <pre>                        "topicB"
 561        o---o---o---o---o
 562       /
 563      /o---o---o
 564     |/        "topicA"
 565 o---o"master"</pre>
 566 </div>
 567 </div>
 568 </div>
 569 <div id="footer">
 570 <div id="footer-text">
 571 Last updated 2024-11-27 08:30:59 +0900
 572 </div>
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