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 739 <div class="sect1">
 740 <h2 id="_how_we_coordinate_embargoed_releases">How we coordinate embargoed releases</h2>
 741 <div class="sectionbody">
 742 <div class="paragraph"><p>To protect Git users from critical vulnerabilities, we do not just release
 743 fixed versions like regular maintenance releases. Instead, we coordinate
 744 releases with packagers, keeping the fixes under an embargo until the release
 745 date. That way, users will have a chance to upgrade on that date, no matter
 746 what Operating System or distribution they run.</p></div>
 747 </div>
 748 </div>
 749 <div class="sect1">
 750 <h2 id="_the_code_git_security_code_mailing_list">The <code>git-security</code> mailing list</h2>
 751 <div class="sectionbody">
 752 <div class="paragraph"><p>Responsible disclosures of vulnerabilities, analysis, proposed fixes as
 753 well as the orchestration of coordinated embargoed releases all happen on the
 754 <code>git-security</code> mailing list at &lt;<a href="mailto:git-security@googlegroups.com">git-security@googlegroups.com</a>&gt;.</p></div>
 755 <div class="paragraph"><p>In this context, the term "embargo" refers to the time period that information
 756 about a vulnerability is kept under wraps and only shared on a need-to-know
 757 basis. This is necessary to protect Git&#8217;s users from bad actors who would
 758 otherwise be made aware of attack vectors that could be exploited. "Lifting the
 759 embargo" refers to publishing the version that fixes the vulnerabilities.</p></div>
 760 <div class="sect2">
 761 <h3 id="_audience_of_the_code_git_security_code_mailing_list">Audience of the <code>git-security</code> mailing list</h3>
 762 <div class="paragraph"><p>Anybody may contact the <code>git-security</code> mailing list by sending an email
 763 to &lt;<a href="mailto:git-security@googlegroups.com">git-security@googlegroups.com</a>&gt;, though the archive is closed to the
 764 public and only accessible to subscribed members.</p></div>
 765 <div class="paragraph"><p>There are a few dozen subscribed members: core Git developers who are trusted
 766 with addressing vulnerabilities, and stakeholders (i.e. owners of products
 767 affected by security vulnerabilities in Git).</p></div>
 768 <div class="paragraph"><p>Most of the discussions revolve around assessing the severity of the reported
 769 issue (including the decision whether the report is security-relevant or can be
 770 redirected to the public mailing list), how to remediate the issue, determining
 771 the timeline of the disclosure as well as aligning priorities and
 772 requirements.</p></div>
 773 </div>
 774 <div class="sect2">
 775 <h3 id="_communications">Communications</h3>
 776 <div class="paragraph"><p>If you are a stakeholder, it is a good idea to pay close attention to the
 777 discussions, as pertinent information may be buried in the middle of a lively
 778 conversation that might not look relevant to your interests. For example, the
 779 tentative timeline might be agreed upon in the middle of discussing code
 780 comment formatting in one of the patches and whether or not to combine fixes
 781 for multiple, separate vulnerabilities into the same embargoed release. Most
 782 mail threads are not usually structured specifically to communicate
 783 agreements, assessments or timelines.</p></div>
 784 </div>
 785 </div>
 786 </div>
 787 <div class="sect1">
 788 <h2 id="_typical_timeline">Typical timeline</h2>
 789 <div class="sectionbody">
 790 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 791 <li>
 792 <p>
 793 A potential vulnerability is reported to the <code>git-security</code> mailing list.
 794 </p>
 795 </li>
 796 <li>
 797 <p>
 798 The members of the git-security list start a discussion to give an initial
 799   assessment of the severity of the reported potential vulnerability.
 800   We aspire to do so within a few days.
 801 </p>
 802 </li>
 803 <li>
 804 <p>
 805 After discussion, if consensus is reached that it is not critical enough
 806   to warrant any embargo, the reporter is redirected to the public Git mailing
 807   list. This ends the reporter&#8217;s interaction with the <code>git-security</code> list.
 808 </p>
 809 </li>
 810 <li>
 811 <p>
 812 If it is deemed critical enough for an embargo, ideas are presented on how to
 813   address the vulnerability.
 814 </p>
 815 </li>
 816 <li>
 817 <p>
 818 Usually around that time, the Git maintainer or their delegate(s) open a draft
 819   security advisory in the <code>git/git</code> repository on GitHub (see below for more
 820   details).
 821 </p>
 822 </li>
 823 <li>
 824 <p>
 825 Code review can take place in a variety of different locations,
 826   depending on context. These are: patches sent inline on the git-security list,
 827   a private fork on GitHub associated with the draft security advisory, or the
 828   git/cabal repository.
 829 </p>
 830 </li>
 831 <li>
 832 <p>
 833 Contributors working on a fix should consider beginning by sending
 834   patches to the git-security list (inline with the original thread), since they
 835   are accessible to all subscribers, along with the original reporter.
 836 </p>
 837 </li>
 838 <li>
 839 <p>
 840 Once the review has settled and everyone involved in the review agrees that
 841   the patches are nearing the finish line, the Git maintainer, and others
 842   determine a release date as well as the release trains that are serviced. The
 843   decision regarding which versions need a backported fix is based on input from
 844   the reporter, the contributor who worked on the patches, and from
 845   stakeholders. Operators of hosting sites who may want to analyze whether the
 846   given issue is exploited via any of the repositories they host, and binary
 847   packagers who want to make sure their product gets patched adequately against
 848   the vulnerability, for example, may want to give their input at this stage.
 849 </p>
 850 </li>
 851 <li>
 852 <p>
 853 While the Git community does its best to accommodate the specific timeline
 854   requests of the various binary packagers, the nature of the issue may preclude
 855   a prolonged release schedule. For fixes deemed urgent, it may be in the best
 856   interest of the Git users community to shorten the disclosure and release
 857   timeline, and packagers may need to adapt accordingly.
 858 </p>
 859 </li>
 860 <li>
 861 <p>
 862 Subsequently, branches with the fixes are pushed to the git/cabal repository.
 863 </p>
 864 </li>
 865 <li>
 866 <p>
 867 The tags are created by the Git maintainer and pushed to the same repository.
 868 </p>
 869 </li>
 870 <li>
 871 <p>
 872 The Git for Windows, Git for macOS, BSD, Debian, etc. maintainers prepare the
 873   corresponding release artifacts, based on the tags created that have been
 874   prepared by the Git maintainer.
 875 </p>
 876 </li>
 877 <li>
 878 <p>
 879 The release artifacts prepared by various binary packagers can be
 880   made available to stakeholders under embargo via a mail to the
 881   <code>git-security</code> list.
 882 </p>
 883 </li>
 884 <li>
 885 <p>
 886 Less than a week before the release, a mail with the relevant information is
 887   sent to &lt;<a href="mailto:distros@vs.openwall.org">distros@vs.openwall.org</a>&gt; (see below), a list used to pre-announce
 888   embargoed releases of open source projects to the stakeholders of all major
 889   distributions of Linux as well as other OSes.
 890 </p>
 891 </li>
 892 <li>
 893 <p>
 894 Public communication is then prepared in advance of the release date. This
 895   includes blog posts and mails to the Git and Git for Windows mailing lists.
 896 </p>
 897 </li>
 898 <li>
 899 <p>
 900 On the day of the release, at around 10am Pacific Time, the Git maintainer
 901   pushes the tag and the <code>master</code> branch to the public repository, then sends
 902   out an announcement mail.
 903 </p>
 904 </li>
 905 <li>
 906 <p>
 907 Once the tag is pushed, the Git for Windows maintainer publishes the
 908   corresponding tag and creates a GitHub Release with the associated release
 909   artifacts (Git for Windows installer, Portable Git, MinGit, etc).
 910 </p>
 911 </li>
 912 <li>
 913 <p>
 914 Git for Windows release is then announced via a mail to the public Git and
 915   Git for Windows mailing lists as well as via a tweet.
 916 </p>
 917 </li>
 918 <li>
 919 <p>
 920 Ditto for distribution packagers for Linux and other platforms:
 921   their releases are announced via their preferred channels.
 922 </p>
 923 </li>
 924 <li>
 925 <p>
 926 A mail to &lt;<a href="mailto:oss-security@lists.openwall.org">oss-security@lists.openwall.org</a>&gt; (see below for details) is sent
 927   as a follow-up to the &lt;<a href="mailto:distros@vs.openwall.org">distros@vs.openwall.org</a>&gt; one, describing the
 928   vulnerability in detail, often including a proof of concept of an exploit.
 929 </p>
 930 </li>
 931 </ul></div>
 932 <div class="paragraph"><p>Note: The Git project makes no guarantees about timelines, but aims to keep
 933 embargoes reasonably short in the interest of keeping Git&#8217;s users safe.</p></div>
 934 <div class="sect2">
 935 <h3 id="_opening_a_security_advisory_draft">Opening a Security Advisory draft</h3>
 936 <div class="paragraph"><p>The first step is to <a href="https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/new">open
 937 an advisory</a>. Technically, this is not necessary. However, it is the most
 938 convenient way to obtain the CVE number and it gives us a private repository
 939 associated with it that can be used to collaborate on a fix.</p></div>
 940 </div>
 941 <div class="sect2">
 942 <h3 id="_notifying_the_linux_distributions">Notifying the Linux distributions</h3>
 943 <div class="paragraph"><p>At most two weeks before release date, we need to send a notification to
 944 &lt;<a href="mailto:distros@vs.openwall.org">distros@vs.openwall.org</a>&gt;, preferably less than 7 days before the release date.
 945 This will reach most (all?) Linux distributions. See an example below, and the
 946 guidelines for this mailing list at
 947 <a href="https://oss-security.openwall.org/wiki/mailing-lists/distros#how-to-use-the-lists">here</a>.</p></div>
 948 <div class="paragraph"><p>Once the version has been published, we send a note about that to oss-security.
 949 As an example, see <a href="https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/12/13/1">the
 950 v2.24.1 mail</a>;
 951 <a href="https://oss-security.openwall.org/wiki/mailing-lists/oss-security">Here</a> are
 952 their guidelines.</p></div>
 953 <div class="paragraph"><p>The mail to oss-security should also describe the exploit, and give credit to
 954 the reporter(s): security researchers still receive too little respect for the
 955 invaluable service they provide, and public credit goes a long way to keep them
 956 paid by their respective organizations.</p></div>
 957 <div class="paragraph"><p>Technically, describing any exploit can be delayed up to 7 days, but we usually
 958 refrain from doing that, including it right away.</p></div>
 959 <div class="paragraph"><p>As a courtesy we typically attach a Git bundle (as <code>.tar.xz</code> because the list
 960 will drop <code>.bundle</code> attachments) in the mail to distros@ so that the involved
 961 parties can take care of integrating/backporting them. This bundle is typically
 962 created using a command like this:</p></div>
 963 <div class="literalblock">
 964 <div class="content">
 965 <pre><code>git bundle create cve-xxx.bundle ^origin/master vA.B.C vD.E.F
 966 tar cJvf cve-xxx.bundle.tar.xz cve-xxx.bundle</code></pre>
 967 </div></div>
 968 </div>
 969 <div class="sect2">
 970 <h3 id="_example_mail_to_a_href_mailto_distros_vs_openwall_org_distros_vs_openwall_org_a">Example mail to <a href="mailto:distros@vs.openwall.org">distros@vs.openwall.org</a></h3>
 971 <div class="literalblock">
 972 <div class="content">
 973 <pre><code>To: distros@vs.openwall.org
 974 Cc: git-security@googlegroups.com, &lt;other people involved in the report/fix&gt;
 975 Subject: [vs] Upcoming Git security fix release
 976
 977 Team,
 978
 979 The Git project will release new versions on &lt;date&gt; at 10am Pacific Time or
 980 soon thereafter. I have attached a Git bundle (embedded in a `.tar.xz` to avoid
 981 it being dropped) which you can fetch into a clone of
 982 https://github.com/git/git via `git fetch --tags /path/to/cve-xxx.bundle`,
 983 containing the tags for versions &lt;versions&gt;.
 984
 985 You can verify with `git tag -v &lt;tag&gt;` that the versions were signed by
 986 the Git maintainer, using the same GPG key as e.g. v2.24.0.
 987
 988 Please use these tags to prepare `git` packages for your various
 989 distributions, using the appropriate tagged versions. The added test cases
 990 help verify the correctness.
 991
 992 The addressed issues are:
 993
 994 &lt;list of CVEs with a short description, typically copy/pasted from Git's
 995 release notes, usually demo exploit(s), too&gt;
 996
 997 Credit for finding the vulnerability goes to &lt;reporter&gt;, credit for fixing
 998 it goes to &lt;developer&gt;.
 999
1000 Thanks,
1001 &lt;name&gt;</code></pre>
1002 </div></div>
1003 </div>
1004 <div class="sect2">
1005 <h3 id="_example_mail_to_a_href_mailto_oss_security_lists_openwall_com_oss_security_lists_openwall_com_a">Example mail to <a href="mailto:oss-security@lists.openwall.com">oss-security@lists.openwall.com</a></h3>
1006 <div class="literalblock">
1007 <div class="content">
1008 <pre><code>To: oss-security@lists.openwall.com
1009 Cc: git-security@googlegroups.com, &lt;other people involved in the report/fix&gt;
1010 Subject: git: &lt;copy from security advisory&gt;
1011
1012 Team,
1013
1014 The Git project released new versions on &lt;date&gt;, addressing &lt;CVE&gt;.
1015
1016 All supported platforms are affected in one way or another, and all Git
1017 versions all the way back to &lt;version&gt; are affected. The fixed versions are:
1018 &lt;versions&gt;.
1019
1020 Link to the announcement: &lt;link to lore.kernel.org/git&gt;
1021
1022 We highly recommend to upgrade.
1023
1024 The addressed issues are:
1025 * &lt;list of CVEs and their explanations, along with demo exploits&gt;
1026
1027 Credit for finding the vulnerability goes to &lt;reporter&gt;, credit for fixing
1028 it goes to &lt;developer&gt;.
1029
1030 Thanks,
1031 &lt;name&gt;</code></pre>
1032 </div></div>
1033 </div>
1034 </div>
1035 </div>
1036 </div>
1037 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
1038 <div id="footer">
1039 <div id="footer-text">
1040 Last updated
1041  2024-01-26 14:40:56 PST
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