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 735 <body class="article">
 736 <div id="header">
 737 <h1>Shallow commits</h1>
 738 <span id="revdate">2023-06-13</span>
 739 </div>
 740 <div id="content">
 741 <div id="preamble">
 742 <div class="sectionbody">
 743 <div class="sidebarblock">
 744 <div class="content">
 745 <div class="title">Definition</div>
 746 <div class="paragraph"><p>Shallow commits do have parents, but not in the shallow
 747 repo, and therefore grafts are introduced pretending that
 748 these commits have no parents.</p></div>
 749 </div></div>
 750 <div class="paragraph"><p>$GIT_DIR/shallow lists commit object names and tells Git to
 751 pretend as if they are root commits (e.g. "git log" traversal
 752 stops after showing them; "git fsck" does not complain saying
 753 the commits listed on their "parent" lines do not exist).</p></div>
 754 <div class="paragraph"><p>Each line contains exactly one object name. When read, a commit_graft
 755 will be constructed, which has nr_parent &lt; 0 to make it easier
 756 to discern from user provided grafts.</p></div>
 757 <div class="paragraph"><p>Note that the shallow feature could not be changed easily to
 758 use replace refs: a commit containing a <code>mergetag</code> is not allowed
 759 to be replaced, not even by a root commit. Such a commit can be
 760 made shallow, though. Also, having a <code>shallow</code> file explicitly
 761 listing all the commits made shallow makes it a <strong>lot</strong> easier to
 762 do shallow-specific things such as to deepen the history.</p></div>
 763 <div class="paragraph"><p>Since fsck-objects relies on the library to read the objects,
 764 it honours shallow commits automatically.</p></div>
 765 <div class="paragraph"><p>There are some unfinished ends of the whole shallow business:</p></div>
 766 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 767 <li>
 768 <p>
 769 maybe we have to force non-thin packs when fetching into a
 770   shallow repo (ATM they are forced non-thin).
 771 </p>
 772 </li>
 773 <li>
 774 <p>
 775 A special handling of a shallow upstream is needed. At some
 776   stage, upload-pack has to check if it sends a shallow commit,
 777   and it should send that information early (or fail, if the
 778   client does not support shallow repositories). There is no
 779   support at all for this in this patch series.
 780 </p>
 781 </li>
 782 <li>
 783 <p>
 784 Instead of locking $GIT_DIR/shallow at the start, just
 785   the timestamp of it is noted, and when it comes to writing it,
 786   a check is performed if the mtime is still the same, dying if
 787   it is not.
 788 </p>
 789 </li>
 790 <li>
 791 <p>
 792 It is unclear how "push into/from a shallow repo" should behave.
 793 </p>
 794 </li>
 795 <li>
 796 <p>
 797 If you deepen a history, you&#8217;d want to get the tags of the
 798   newly stored (but older!) commits. This does not work right now.
 799 </p>
 800 </li>
 801 </ul></div>
 802 <div class="paragraph"><p>To make a shallow clone, you can call "git-clone --depth 20 repo".
 803 The result contains only commit chains with a length of at most 20.
 804 It also writes an appropriate $GIT_DIR/shallow.</p></div>
 805 <div class="paragraph"><p>You can deepen a shallow repository with "git-fetch --depth 20
 806 repo branch", which will fetch branch from repo, but stop at depth
 807 20, updating $GIT_DIR/shallow.</p></div>
 808 <div class="paragraph"><p>The special depth 2147483647 (or 0x7fffffff, the largest positive
 809 number a signed 32-bit integer can contain) means infinite depth.</p></div>
 810 </div>
 811 </div>
 812 </div>
 813 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
 814 <div id="footer">
 815 <div id="footer-text">
 816 Last updated
 817  2020-08-19 22:10:31 PDT
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