git-pack-refs.html

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 735 <body class="manpage">
 736 <div id="header">
 737 <h1>
 738 git-pack-refs(1) Manual Page
 739 </h1>
 740 <h2>NAME</h2>
 741 <div class="sectionbody">
 742 <p>git-pack-refs -
 743    Pack heads and tags for efficient repository access
 744 </p>
 745 </div>
 746 </div>
 747 <div id="content">
 748 <div class="sect1">
 749 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 750 <div class="sectionbody">
 751 <div class="verseblock">
 752 <pre class="content"><em>git pack-refs</em> [--all] [--no-prune] [--include &lt;pattern&gt;] [--exclude &lt;pattern&gt;]</pre>
 753 <div class="attribution">
 754 </div></div>
 755 </div>
 756 </div>
 757 <div class="sect1">
 758 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 759 <div class="sectionbody">
 760 <div class="paragraph"><p>Traditionally, tips of branches and tags (collectively known as
 761 <em>refs</em>) were stored one file per ref in a (sub)directory
 762 under <code>$GIT_DIR/refs</code>
 763 directory.  While many branch tips tend to be updated often,
 764 most tags and some branch tips are never updated.  When a
 765 repository has hundreds or thousands of tags, this
 766 one-file-per-ref format both wastes storage and hurts
 767 performance.</p></div>
 768 <div class="paragraph"><p>This command is used to solve the storage and performance
 769 problem by storing the refs in a single file,
 770 <code>$GIT_DIR/packed-refs</code>.  When a ref is missing from the
 771 traditional <code>$GIT_DIR/refs</code> directory hierarchy, it is looked
 772 up in this
 773 file and used if found.</p></div>
 774 <div class="paragraph"><p>Subsequent updates to branches always create new files under
 775 <code>$GIT_DIR/refs</code> directory hierarchy.</p></div>
 776 <div class="paragraph"><p>A recommended practice to deal with a repository with too many
 777 refs is to pack its refs with <code>--all</code> once, and
 778 occasionally run <code>git pack-refs</code>.  Tags are by
 779 definition stationary and are not expected to change.  Branch
 780 heads will be packed with the initial <code>pack-refs --all</code>, but
 781 only the currently active branch heads will become unpacked,
 782 and the next <code>pack-refs</code> (without <code>--all</code>) will leave them
 783 unpacked.</p></div>
 784 </div>
 785 </div>
 786 <div class="sect1">
 787 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 788 <div class="sectionbody">
 789 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 790 <dt class="hdlist1">
 791 --all
 792 </dt>
 793 <dd>
 794 <p>
 795 The command by default packs all tags and refs that are already
 796 packed, and leaves other refs
 797 alone.  This is because branches are expected to be actively
 798 developed and packing their tips does not help performance.
 799 This option causes all refs to be packed as well, with the exception
 800 of hidden refs, broken refs, and symbolic refs. Useful for a repository
 801 with many branches of historical interests.
 802 </p>
 803 </dd>
 804 <dt class="hdlist1">
 805 --no-prune
 806 </dt>
 807 <dd>
 808 <p>
 809 The command usually removes loose refs under <code>$GIT_DIR/refs</code>
 810 hierarchy after packing them.  This option tells it not to.
 811 </p>
 812 </dd>
 813 <dt class="hdlist1">
 814 --include &lt;pattern&gt;
 815 </dt>
 816 <dd>
 817 <p>
 818 Pack refs based on a <code>glob(7)</code> pattern. Repetitions of this option
 819 accumulate inclusion patterns. If a ref is both included in <code>--include</code> and
 820 <code>--exclude</code>, <code>--exclude</code> takes precedence. Using <code>--include</code> will preclude all
 821 tags from being included by default. Symbolic refs and broken refs will never
 822 be packed. When used with <code>--all</code>, it will be a noop. Use <code>--no-include</code> to clear
 823 and reset the list of patterns.
 824 </p>
 825 </dd>
 826 <dt class="hdlist1">
 827 --exclude &lt;pattern&gt;
 828 </dt>
 829 <dd>
 830 <p>
 831 Do not pack refs matching the given <code>glob(7)</code> pattern. Repetitions of this option
 832 accumulate exclusion patterns. Use <code>--no-exclude</code> to clear and reset the list of
 833 patterns. If a ref is already packed, including it with <code>--exclude</code> will not
 834 unpack it.
 835 </p>
 836 </dd>
 837 </dl></div>
 838 <div class="paragraph"><p>When used with <code>--all</code>, pack only loose refs which do not match any of
 839 the provided <code>--exclude</code> patterns.</p></div>
 840 <div class="paragraph"><p>When used with <code>--include</code>, refs provided to <code>--include</code>, minus refs that are
 841 provided to <code>--exclude</code> will be packed.</p></div>
 842 </div>
 843 </div>
 844 <div class="sect1">
 845 <h2 id="_bugs">BUGS</h2>
 846 <div class="sectionbody">
 847 <div class="paragraph"><p>Older documentation written before the packed-refs mechanism was
 848 introduced may still say things like ".git/refs/heads/&lt;branch&gt; file
 849 exists" when it means "branch &lt;branch&gt; exists".</p></div>
 850 </div>
 851 </div>
 852 <div class="sect1">
 853 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 854 <div class="sectionbody">
 855 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
 856 </div>
 857 </div>
 858 </div>
 859 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
 860 <div id="footer">
 861 <div id="footer-text">
 862 Last updated
 863  2023-06-13 13:57:42 PDT
 864 </div>
 865 </div>
 866 </body>
 867 </html>